Abstract: During the laying of a marking line with the aid of at least one paint spray gun (2), profile particles (5) are introduced by means of a profile particle dispenser (4) into the marking composition (3) and thereby enveloped all round by the latter. The dimension of the profile particles (5), which are preferably reflective beads, is greater than the layer thickness of the bare painted line, so that profile elevations are formed. Subsequently, reflective beads (8) which also adhere to the profile elevations are scattered onto this profiled painted line (6), which beads thus ensure a good night visibility in wet conditions and when a water film is present, from which they project. The profile particles (5) can either be directly introduced into the jet of paints emerging from the paint spray gun (2) or, subsequent to the application of a painted line, be scattered thereon and then completely covered with marking composition by means of renewed spraying of a thin film of paint.

Abstract: A ground impregnation process which is disclosed herein comprises injecting an alkaline ground impregnating material, with carbon dioxide gas passed through blowing nozzles joining said impregnating material, into a ground. In this process, the pressure of carbon dioxide and the opening size of the blowing nozzle are determined to provide a constant amount of carbon dioxide gas blown, irrespective of a variation in ground pressure. In this manner, the carbon dioxide gas joins the alkaline ground impregnating material at a given ratio.

Abstract: A method for imparting water repellency to absorbent inorganic building materials by first contacting at least a part of the surface of the building materials to be rendered water repellent, with at least partially liquid water and thereafter applying a solution containing an organosilicon compound and a water-immiscible organic solvent to the moist surface of the inorganic building materials.

Abstract: A polymer concrete system has been discovered which is useful in road overlay and repair. The binder for this aggregate-filled system consists of a liquid opoxy resin and triethyleneglycol diamine or tetraethylene glycol diamine curing agent. A piperazine accelerator ensures adequate strength development after short cure times at ambient temperatures.The binder-aggregate system is relatively flexible, has excellent compression and flexural strength and adheres well to the substrate. The system is distinguished by its fast cure to a compression strength of 3000 psi which will support automotive traffic.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a machine and method for automatically removing a curing film or membrane from a concrete floor surface and etching that surface in preparation for applying a surface coating and doing this in less time than has heretofore been required for such floor preparation.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for resurfacing one or more adjacent tennis court surfaces. An elongated, box-like frame structure, supported for rolling movement on a plurality of casters, is provided with flexible blade and brush elements for engaging, spreading, and smoothing court resurfacing material at a predetermined thickness as the structure traverses the court surface. In accordance with method aspects of the invention, the device is movable in one direction to resurface an entire tennis court, and after lateral movement to an adjacent second court area, reversible to move in the opposite direction to resurface an entire second court surface. For a given resurfacing direction, the flexible blade elements engage the resurfacing material ahead of the device while the flexible brush elements engage the resurfacing material behind the device to effect final smoothing.

Abstract: Method for impregnating mineral building materials, with aqueous solutions of silanols and/or siloxanols is disclosed. The solution is obtained by continuous hydrolysis of alkoxysilanes and/or alkoxysiloxanes, of the general formula ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1 =alkyl with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, at least 90% of the R.sup.1 groups in the average molecule being alkyl groups with 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sup.2 =methyl or ethyl,a=0 to 1.5,b=1.0 to 4.0,a+b=2.0 to 4.0in an amount corresponding to the expected consumption. The solution obtained is applied on the mineral building material within 3 to 30 minutes after the reactants are mixed. Suitable hydrolysis apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a combination of anionic and non-ionic polymers and surfactants useful for the control of dust emissions into the environment. More specifically, the invention relates to novel compositions and the use of said compositions in treating particulate matter which comprises an aqueous solution of water soluble polymers comprising a unique mixture of water soluble acrylic polymers in combination with water soluble non-ionic glycol polymers in an aqueous medium containing effective amounts of anionic surfactants such as sulfonates and nonionic cosurfactants.

Abstract: A method for coating a concrete substrate with a layer of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer latex, which forms a protective skin on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Dry cementitious compositions and methods for their application. The dry compositions do not have to be mixed with water but instead are poured, sprayed or troweled onto a substrate which contains a substantial excess of water than that necessary for the hydration of the materials.

Abstract: The disclosure teaches a method of simulating natural desert varnish (that requires at least decades to produce by nature) within a few days. The method is broadly exemplified by the steps of applying a strong base followed by application of a soluble iron or manganese salt. Optionally, sodium hypochlorite may be applied as an additional step after the metallic salt application to speed up the process. The resulting product is difficult to distinguish from the natural varnish.

Abstract: Solvent-free alkyl trialkoxy-silanes whose alkyl groups have 2 to 8 carbon atoms and whose alkoxy groups have 1 or 2 carbon atoms are used for the in-depth hydrophobic impregnation of concrete. Propyl and isobutyl trialkoxy-silanes display an especially deeply penetrating hydrophobizing action which is greater than that of solutions of these silanes.

Abstract: Stone chippings of the type used in the manufacture of road surfaces by hotmix and surface dressing techniques, are rendered water resistant, and less susceptible to binder adhesion failure, by treatment with wax, preferably with wax emulsion.

Abstract: Disclosed is concrete surface coated with a cast in place surfacing composition comprising at least three layers, in order from the concrete surface:a first layer comprising: (1) a hard, epoxy resin, and (2) an inert, inorganic filler material consisting essentially of hollow ceramic beads;a second layer comprising a bonding agent which improves adhesion between said first and third layers, and;a third layer comprising: (1) 20 to 80 parts by weight of a polyurethane, said polyurethane formed by reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyurethane precursor at a mole ratio of 0.8 to 1.4:1, said polyurethane precursor comprising 15 to 60 parts by weight of a high molecular weight polyol and 2 to 10 parts by weight of a low molecular weight chain stiffener, (2) 20 to 80 parts by weight of a substantially non-volatile extender, and (3) 0 to 20 parts by weight of a volatile solvent.

Abstract: A method for coating artificial or natural stone slabs with a curable mixture comprising an epoxy resin and a curing agent which is the reaction product formed between an epoxy resin and an aminoamide, or is a phenolformaldehydeamine condensation product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a membrane remover/etchant solution including an organic solvent, a strong ionizable acid, a weak acid and an acid stable surfactant. The present invention further includes a method for removing a membrane and etching a concrete surface in which the membrane remover/etchant solution is in an organic solvent system and is applied to the concrete in an inactive acid form and then water is applied to activate the acid. The resulting materials are then picked up and the surface is rinsed with water.

Abstract: A method for treating and cleaning stained concrete surface which involves applying a phosphoric acid-containing solution to said surface and drying same.

Abstract: Asphaltic concrete surfaces are protected from undesirable changes by applying a composition comprising a diorganopolysiloxane containing rod-shaped styrene-n-butyl acrylate copolymers which are obtained from the free-radical copolymerization of said monomers in the presence of the diorganopolysiloxane onto an asphaltic concrete surface and thereafter crosslinking the diorganopolysiloxane composition to form an elastomeric coating thereon. The asphaltic concrete surface may be coated with a primer prior to the application of the crosslinkable diorganopolysiloxane composition in order to improve the adhesion of the resultant crosslinked elastomer containing the rod-shaped copolymers. These asphaltic concrete coatings are especially useful in, for example, hydraulic engineering.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a method for suppressing dust comprising contacting the material being treated with an aqueous emulsion of a methacrylate polymer or a composition comprising a hydrophobic liquid and a methacrylate polymer. These emulsions and compositions may further comprise a wetting/penetrating surfactant.

Abstract: A method of enhancing the geotechnical properties of soil materials so as to control soil erosion including fugitive dust by treating the soil with a mixture of polyacrylic acids or polyacrylates, a dibasic acid or acid salt and a wetting agent in water utilizes an aqueous solution of a polyacrylate emulsion, (said active polymer having a Mw of 1-5 million), sodium citrate and a surfactant (nonylphenol plus 10 moles ethylene oxide). The mixture is applied directly to the soil to be stabilized in either diluted or undiluted form whereby surface erosion in both quiescent areas and road beds can be controlled.

Abstract: In a method of roughening the surface of a concrete slab for roads to provide anti-skid properties, an agent for retarding the setting of the concrete is distributed over the slab which has been recently laid and a water-impermeable sheet of plastics material is spread over the upper surface simultaneously with the spraying operation. After the underlying or subjacent layer of concrete has set, the plastic sheet is lifted away and the still soft upper layer of concrete is removed by brushing and spraying with pressurized water.

Abstract: A method for constructing an activity surface comprising a plurality of binder coatings interspersed with layers of particulate rubber. A tack coating preferably of asphaltic material, is applied to establish a good bond to the underlying foundation material. Subsequent binder coatings are of a latex liquid with a small quantity of surfactant added to enhance the penetration of the coating. A sealing coat is applied to seal the upper surface and to mechanically screen the harmful effects of sunlight. Each coating of latex is permitted to dry before applying a subsequent layer of rubber particles.

Abstract: Preparation of polymeric gels, filaments, and films prepared by producing a uniform dispersion of a water soluble acrylamide polymer or copolymer in the water insoluble reaction product of certain water soluble aldehydes and water soluble primary amines. The reaction is carried out in aqueous solution. Gel formation time may range from a few seconds to several minutes depending on selection of appropriate parameters. The gels have many desirable properties such as preparation from relatively nontoxic components, superior adhesion, toughness, and water impermeability. The gels have many uses such as adhesives, sealing cracks and joints in pipes, stabilizing earthen formations, waterproofing subgrade construction and as intermediates in the preparation of films, filaments, and membranes. Gels for these purposes may be treated with carbon dioxide to provide a color change and additional surface hardness.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for covering and sealing dumped waste is provided wherein hardenable plastic foam is sprayed in a swath as waste is compacted by a roller. The roller is wider than the treads of the tractor vehicle, the spray nozzles are angulated alternately, spraying any projection. The configuration of the wheel and nozzles reduced gaps in the foam layer by a large factor over the prior art using less foam and labor and in less time.

Abstract: Rounded quartz sand particles (22) are each enclosed in a hardenable resin skin (23) which is integrated with the skins on adjacent particles and which creates a binding of the particles to a primed base (20, 21). A significant fraction of the particles may be remote from the base and only integrated with adjacent particles so that a contoured or embossed effect is created to provide a supplementary non-slip feature. In a process for forming such a surface coating the particles are wetted with a functional liquid, mixed with a binder related to the functional liquid and sprayed. The spraying process is powered by a progressive cavity pump (37) with a selection of particle/resin ratio such that the pump operates under a Sigma effect.

Abstract: Coating of geological formations as well as air- and fire barriers is performed by providing aqueous rubber or rubber-like dispersions and spraying the dispersions via separate conduits simultaneously with a dry hydraulic binding medium, by a pressure air onto an object to be coated. An inert filling material can be added to the hydraulic binding medium, and a tenside can be added to the dispersions.

Abstract: A method and a product providing for waterproofing soil utilizing a flexible non-biodegradable support capable of venting gas coated with water swellable bentonite and covering the soil to be waterproofed with the coated support.

Abstract: A process for bonding particulate siliceous contaminants, such as asbestos fibers and the like, with a soil surface layer comprises infusing the contaminated soil layer with an aqueous solution of a soluble silicate prepolymer and with an inorganic polyvalent cation catalyst. Following the cure and polymerization of the silicate prepolymer, an abrasion-resistant and impact-absorbent topcoating layer of resinous copolymeric materials is applied to the surface of the silicate-bonded soil layer.

Abstract: Access to a space is impeded by generation of a sticky foam from a silicone polymer and a low boiling solvent such as a halogenated hydrocarbon. In a preferred aspect, the formulation is polydimethylsiloxane gel mixed with F502 Freon as a solvent and blowing agent, and pressurized with CO.sub.2 in a vessel to about 250 PSI, whereby when the vessel is opened, a sticky and solvent resistant foam is deployed. The foam is deployable, over a wide range of temperatures, adhering to wet surfaces as well as dry, is stable over long periods of time and does not propagate flame or lose adhesive properties during an externally supported burn.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of coatings using a coating compound based on a system comprising (i) an isocyanate prepolymer based on isophorone diisocyanate and polyalkylene ether polyols having a hydroxyl functionality of 2 to 3 and (ii) at least one diprimary aromatic diamine having at least one alkyl substituent with 2 to 3 carbon atoms in an ortho-position to each amino group.

Abstract: This invention concerns coating and impregnating compositions for concrete of an essentially anhydrous character comprising (1) a monomer blend of (a) dicyclopentenyl or dicyclopentenyloxyalkyl methacrylate or acrylate and (b) hydroxy alkyl methacrylate and (2) a polymerization catalyst of (a) an organic peroxide and an aromatic amine accelerator, or (b) a polyvalent metal salt or complex and an organic hydroperoxide, or (c) mixtures of (a) and 0.0005% to 2% by weight, based on total amount of monomers, of a polyvalent metal salt or complex, or (d) mixtures of (a) and (b), which can be applied to porous surfaces such as concrete as an impregnant and which can be polymerized in situ in order to reduce the permeability of the surface and to provide hard, continuous, hydrophobic, wear resistant and weather resistant surfaces.

Abstract: A method of making a load bearing surface comprising mixing flyash with phosphogypsum in predetermined amounts to form a subbase disposed on a subgrade, sequentially spraying water onto the subbase and compacting for a plurality of cycles until the materials therein are intimately mixed, densified, and the subbase layer is saturated with water. A base layer comprising a mixture of flyash and phosphogypsum in predetermined amounts is disposed on the subbase layer and sequentially sprayed with water and compacted for a plurality of cycles until the materials therein are intimately mixed, densified, and the base layer is saturated with water. The load bearing surface produced has CBR values ranging from 50 to 90 at 0.1 inch penetration.

Abstract: An agent and method for modifying a surface layer of hardened cement structures or substrates with use of the agent which comprises in a specified ratio of an alkali silicate solution and a sodium naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde condensate. Said agent has an excellent stability and a remarkable permeability into the cement structure to form a deeper strengthened surface layer thereon.

Abstract: A road surface has fixed thereon a salt which lowers the freezing point of water by means of an aqueous fixation composition which comprises a mixture of an adhesion-promoting agent formed by an aqueous dispersion of a film-forming polymer or copolymer and a water-soluble hydrophobic agent which, in air, becomes insoluble in water. The proportion by weight of hydrophobic agent relatively to the dry extract of the adhesion-promoting agent is from 5 to 25%. The fixation composition is used in a proportion such that all the adhesion-promoting agent and the hydrophobic agent represents, in dry weight, from 10 to 120% of the weight of the salt. The aqueous fixation composition may in addition possibly comprise a foam-inhibiting agent and/or a second hydrophobic agent.

Abstract: Plastic foam is expelled from a slit-shaped nozzle under high enough pressure to break up the plastic foam into generally discrete particles which are propelled toward a surface to be coated with foam at a relatively high velocity. Upon striking the surface, the particles exhibit good adhesion and mechanically key into the substrate upon which they impact. The invention is particularly useful for coating the surface of a landfill for daily sealing of the upper surface thereof.

Abstract: There are disclosed polymer concrete compositions of essentially anhydrous character comprising (1) an inert inorganic particulate material, such as sand, crushed stone or rock, and mixtures thereof, mixed with (2) a monomer blend of (a) dicyclopentenyloxyalkyl methacrylate or acrylate and (b) hydroxyalkyl methacrylate to form a paste or slurry suitable upon addition thereto of (3) a polymerization catalyst of (a) an organic peroxide and an aromatic amine accelerator, or (b) a polyvalent metal salt or complex and an organic hydroperoxide, or (c) mixtures of (a) and 0.0005% to 2% by weight, based on total amount of monomers, of a polyvalent metal salt or complex, or (d) mixtures of (a) and (b), to be used to form or to patch previously formed or laid, concrete floors and road pavements or as a coating for a variety of substrates such as metal and plastic sheet.

Abstract: A repair overlay for masonry surfaces includes three layers each containing epoxy resins which contribute to bonding to the adjacent layers. The underlayer is a coating of epoxy adhesive. The layer that overlies the underlayer includes Portland cement and epoxy, acrylic and vinyl polymers and, in some forms, a flexible metal mesh or screen. The overlayer consists of an epoxy paint and, in preferred form, a second thinner layer of cementitious polymer bearing material.

Abstract: A primer composition for portland cement concrete comprising the reaction product of polyphosphoric acid and an alcohol.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of amide polymers, such as polyacrylamide when treated with small amounts of a water-soluble polyaldehyde and a hypohalite salt at an alkaline pH, react to form firm gels within a short time at ambient temperature. Such gels, which are stable under alkaline as well as acidic conditions, are usefully employed to plug porous subterranean formations, for grouting of leaking soil pipes or wells, and to otherwise render porous structures impermeable to the passage of liquids such as water.

Abstract: An improved method for inhibiting corrosion of internal structural members of reinforced concrete, such as the corrosion of reinforcing steel members in a concrete bridge deck or a concrete paved driving surface, due to salt migration into the reinforced concrete. In general, the method comprises applying an effective amount of a hydrolyzable organo silicon compound to the surface of the reinforced concrete to substantially cover the surface of the structure with the organo silicon, and contacting the resulting organo silicon coated surface, after a period of time effective to allow the organo silicon compound to migrate into the structure, with an effective amount of water to substantially wet the surface of the organo silicon impregnated structure.

Abstract: A method is provided for upgrading rock in the form of aggregate, block, shaped stone or concrete structures involving the treatment of such rock with a dilute aqueous solution of polyelectrolyte. Enhanced degradation resistance is achieved by further wetting the polyelectrolyte treated rock with a multi-valent ion metallic salt solution. Treated aggregate, portland cement and bituminous concrete compositions containing such treated aggregate are also provided.

Abstract: Crack and wear resistant concrete overlays for renovation or patching of deteriorated sections over a substratum can be made by incorporating 4-12 volume percent steel fibers in the concrete overlay and bonding at least a portion of the fibers directly to the substratum.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of amide polymers such as polyacrylamide when treated with small amounts of a water-soluble polyaldehyde at an alkaline pH react to form film gels within a short time at ambient temperature. Such gels are usefully employed to plug porous subterranean formations, for grouting of leaking soil pipes or wells, and to otherwise render porous structures impermeable to the passage of liquids such as water.

Abstract: This invention discloses multi-layered, fiberglass-reinforced floor covering systems which provide such highly desired properties as chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, low-temperature curing, thermal shock resistance and the capability of bridging shrinkage cracks, control joints and the like. One particularly desirable application of the floor constructions of this invention is in the pharmaceutical and food industry. This application is based upon the fact that the floor constructions provided are stain resistant, color stable, and do not permit the growth of fungi or bacteria.The multi-layered floor constructions of the present invention comprise in ascending laminated form a floor substrate such as a porous concrete floor, a primer coat of an epoxy resin, a fiberglass-reinforced base coat of an epoxy resin, a top coat of an epoxy resin containing filler material, and a sealer coat of a polyurethane resin.

Abstract: This application concerns compositions comprising a mixture of an air-drying dicyclopentenyl acrylate or methacrylate binder and a granular or particulate aggregate material, which may comprise a hydraulic cement, and is adapted to be formed by casting, extruding, or molding in any fashion into any desired shape and air-drying the resulting shaped article, thereby producing an integral, solid article of unitary mass and structure. The dicyclopentenyl (meth)acrylate may be used as an impregnant, polymerizable in situ, for already formed articles of porous nature, e.g., concrete, wood, pressed boards, and pressed powdered metal, such as iron, aluminum, steel, etc., to reduce the permeability at their surfaces and provide hard, continuous, hydrophobic, wear-resistant, and weather-resistant surfaces thereon.

Abstract: A process for the protection of the surface of the terrain in mine galleries from deterioration due to the surrounding atmosphere is characterized by the operation of spraying onto the wall to be protected, a fluid mixture of aminoplast resin powder and water and leaving the resin to gel on the spot, thus forming a continuous insulating lining coating.

Abstract: Soil is stabilized and strengthened by application of solutions of calcium polysulfides. Compositions useful for soil stabilization comprise aqueous solutions of calcium polysulfide or aqueous mixtures of calcium polysulfides and dispersed organic polymers. Emulsifiers provide soil penetration.

Abstract: A fire-retarding polyurethane foam is applied to the interior surfaces of a mine such as mine shafts, entries and tunnels. The coating is applied by spraying a mixture of foam-forming ingredients including a hydrophilic polyoxyalkylene urethane prepolymer and a large amount of an aqueous slurry containing a phosphorous compound, alumina trihydrate and a char-forming material such as starch or wood cellulose. The foam coating acts as a protective sealant, and it can also be applied on other surfaces where insulation and fire retardancy are desired.

Abstract: A compound machine for mechanically forming traffic dividing and regulating lines on a roadway pavement, comprising a motor driven vehicle adapted to travel along a desired direction on said pavement, the machine being implemented by a first apparatus supplied and adapted for forming spaced line segment by applying on said pavement spaced lengths of a multilayer road marking prefabricated tape material, and by a second apparatus supplied and adapted for forming painted marking line lengths aligned with and in the intervals between the spaced road marking tape segments, whereby a discontinuous marking line including alternatively arranged tape segments and painted segments is formed on the roadway pavement.

Abstract: Processes for the treatment of asphalt pavements such as asphalt roads and sidewalks to make them more resistant to corrosion, that is, resistant to deterioration and disintegration, which comprises applying to the asphalt pavement a liquid composition consisting essentially of finely divided particles of a solid substance having a hardness between 8.5 and 9.5 on the Moh scale, such as a mixture of particles of silicon carbide and electrofused alumina, dispersed in a vehicle consisting of one or more organic synthetic resins and one or more solvents for the resin.