Abstract: A method of making a heat treated (HT) coated article to be used in shower door applications, window applications, or any other suitable applications where transparent coated articles are desired. For example, certain embodiments of this invention relate to a method of making a coated article including a step of heat treating a glass substrate coated with at least a layer of or including diamond-like carbon (DLC) and an overlying protective film thereon. In certain example embodiments, the protective film may be of or include an oxide of zinc. Following and/or during heat treatment (e.g., thermal tempering, or the like) the protective film may be removed. Other embodiments of this invention relate to the pre-HT coated article, or the post-HT coated article.

Abstract: A glass substrate having at least one surface with engineered properties that include hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, anti-stick or adherence of particulate or liquid matter, durability, and transparency (i.e., haze<10%). The surface comprises a plurality of sets of topological features that together have a re-entrant geometry that prevents a decrease in contact angle and pinning of drops comprising at least one of water and sebaceous oils.

Abstract: A Mersenne-Cassegrain telescope provided in a single block of glass in which opposed parabolic elements are precision milled through diamond turning of a glass boule, with the magnification power of the telescope determined by the differences in focal length between the two parabolas. The result is a volumetrically small telescope with pre-aligned surfaces that are maintained by the structural rigidity of the glass itself and in which thermal coefficients of expansion, vibration and the like have no effect due to the single glass element structure.

Abstract: A method of glazing a sash is disclosed. The method begins by placing a sash on a glazing table, wherein the sash defines an opening therein and has a glazing leg extending into the opening in the sash. At least two positioner assemblies are actuated, each positioner assembly having a position member defining a distal end. Each position member is selectively slidable between a stored position and an extended position. When the positioner assemblies are actuated, each position member is moved into the extended position such that the distal end of the positioner member contacts the glazing leg of the sash. A viewing element is then inserted into the sash opening and into abutting contact with portions of the positioner members so as to create a gap between an interior surface of the sash and an outer edge of the viewing element. Once the viewing element is positioned, the positioner members are retracted.

Abstract: A mirror with no copper layer comprises a glass substrate; a silver coating layer provided at a surface of the glass substrate; at least one material selected from the group consisting of Pd, Ni, Eu, Pt, Ru, Na, Zr, Y and Rh, provided at a surface of the silver coating layer which is adjacent to a paint layer; and at least one paint layer covering the silver coating layer.

Abstract: A multilayer film structure for increasing transmittance includes a transparent substrate and a multifunctional film module. The multifunctional film module is formed on a front surface of the transparent substrate and composed of a plurality of dielectric layers and a plurality of metal layers. The dielectric layers and the metal layers are alternately stacked onto each other, and each metal layer is formed by mixing at least two metals. Each dielectric layer is a silicon carbide compound layer that is SiC, and each metal layer is formed by mixing Ag and Cu.

Abstract: [Problems] To develop a heat ray shielding glass usable as a vehicle glass having up-and-down function, the heat ray shielding glass having a film hardness and generating no abnormal noise by friction due to up-and-down movement. [Means for Solving Problems] A heat ray shielding glass for vehicle, including a glass substrate and a heat ray shielding film formed on at least one surface of the glass substrate, in which the heat ray shielding film includes: conductive oxide ultrafine particles dispersed in the film; and a silica binder for binding the ultrafine particles to each other, the silica binder including solid contents produced by hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraalkoxysilane and trialkoxysilane.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a colored lens includes: applying a coating liquid for forming a dyeable hard coat layer over a lens substrate; firstly heating the lens substrate coated with the coating liquid after the coating step at a temperature of T1° C. for t1 hours; dyeing the heated lens substrate by dipping it in a dyeing liquid after the first heating step; and secondly heating the lens substrate which is dyed after the dyeing step at a temperature of T2° C. for t2 hours, wherein the following expression is satisfied when the product of the temperature T1 and the time t1 is a first management value Q1 and the product of the temperature T2 and the time t2 is a second management value Q2: 0.2<Q1/(Q1+Q2)?0.5.

Abstract: A method of forming a matrix of electrowetting pixels includes forming a patterned layer of electrodes (512) on a substrate (510) and forming a patterned insulating layer (514) on the electrodes (512) and the substrate (510) to define a plurality of wells (516), each of the wells (516) aligned over one of the electrodes (512). A hydrophobic material (518) is formed on the bottom surfaces of the wells (516) and a hydrophilic material (526) is formed on sidewalls (519) of the wells (516), for example by one of selective reaction, selective deposition and selective etching, by the application of a beam (524) at an angle to impact the sidewalls (519) while substantially avoiding impacting the bottom surface (515). First and second liquids (532, 534) are disposed within the wells (516), the first liquid being not soluble in the second liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for tinting an optical substrate. The method includes the steps of applying a coating composition containing: • a polymerisable monomer having a polyoxyalkylene backbone containing at least four contiguous oxyalkylene units, and • an abrasion resistant agent and/or a high crosslinking polymerisable monomer to the optical substrate, polymerizing the coating composition to form an abrasion resistant coating layer, and introducing a tinting compound into the coating layer to thereby tint the optical substrate. The invention also provides a coating composition and an optical substrate that is tinted according to the method of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides low solar reflectance, low-emissivity coatings. The invention also provides a pane bearing a low solar reflectance, low-emissivity coating. Further, the invention provides an insulating glass unit comprising first and second panes held in a spaced-apart configuration, wherein the panes have confronting inner surfaces oriented toward a between-pane space and opposed outer surfaces oriented away from the between-pane space, and wherein one of these inner surfaces bears a low solar reflectance, low-emissivity coating. Also provided are methods of producing coated substrates.

Abstract: A composite oxide coating is provided on a substrate over an infrared (IR) blocking multi-layer coating (e.g., low-E coating), where the composite oxide coating efficiently blocks ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The composite oxide coating and the low-E coating may be heat resistant, and the coated glass substrate may be processed in a single high temperature heat treatment step. The coated article may be effective at blocking both IR and UV radiation in applications such as window applications. The UV blocking coating may include ceria as a UV blocker in certain example embodiment of this invention.

Abstract: A process for applying an adhesion primer to a window. The process includes the steps of directing light (11) onto the window (10) to illuminate a portion (13) of the window and then applying an adhesion primer along the illuminated portion of the window. If the adhesion primer contains a component that evaporates, then the process can further include the step of forming an infrared image (19) of the window as the component evaporates to indicate the area of application (20) of the adhesion primer. If the adhesion primer contains a component that fluoresces when illuminated by ultraviolet light, then the process can further include the step of illuminating the window with ultraviolet light (22) to indicate the area of application (23) of the adhesion primer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel form of titanium oxide. The titanium oxide is characterized in that it has the crystallographic structure of rutile with an orthorhombic lattice and a Pnmm space group, it has a platelet morphology, the platelets being of rectangular shape with a length between 3 and 10 nm, a width between 3 and 10 nm and a thickness of less than 1 nm and it has a specific surface area, determined by nitrogen adsorption/desorption, of 100 to 200 m2/g. Applications: self-cleaning glazing, photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to articles comprising an antiglare layer, coating compositions suitable for making antiglare layers, methods of making an antiglare article, and methods of making antiglare coating compositions. In some embodiments the article is a (e.g. illuminated) display article such as a touch screen. The antiglare layer comprises aggregate inorganic oxide particles in a cured inorganic polymer matrix.

Abstract: A light diffusion plate has a substrate and a light diffusion layer formed on the substrate. The light diffusion layer is composed of at least two layers: a first light diffusion layer containing a first matrix and a first light diffusion agent having a refractive index difference ?n1 of 0.04??n1?0.2 with the first matrix, and a second light diffusion layer containing a second matrix and a second light diffusion agent having a refractive index difference ?n2 of 0.005??n2?0.01 with the second matrix. The volume fraction of the first light diffusion agent in the first light diffusion layer is less than 40%, the volume fraction of the second light diffusion agent in the second light diffusion layer is at least 40% and the total thickness of the light diffusion layers is from 5 to 200 ?m after curing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating which has been applied to a substrate, comprising at least a first film and a second film which have been applied on top of each other and each comprise a transparent conducting oxide and an electron donor, wherein the second film comprises relatively at least 10 percent less electron donor than the first film. The invention also relates to a solar cell comprising a coating according to the invention. The invention further relates to a method for applying the coating according to the invention to a substrate, wherein at least a first and a second mixture which each comprise one or more precursors for a transparent conducting oxide and an electron donor are applied to the substrate, wherein the second mixture is composed such that relatively at least 10 percent less electron donor is incorporated in the film compared with the film deposited by the first mixture.

Abstract: A method of coating a substrate is disclosed. The method includes providing a substrate; depositing an infrared reflecting layer over at least a portion of a substrate; depositing a primer layer over at least a portion of the infrared reflective layer; depositing a dielectric layer over at least a portion of the primer layer; and depositing an absorbing layer, wherein the absorbing layer is deposited either under the infrared reflective layer or over the dielectric layer, wherein the absorbing layer comprises an alloy and/or mixture of (a) a metal having an index of refraction at 500 nm less than or equal to 1.0 and (b) a material having a ?G°f of greater than or equal to ?100 at 1000° K. The metal can be silver and the material can be tin.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate for a lighting device that includes an inorganic substrate with a coefficient of thermal expansion (TCE) of 7 to 13 ppm/K and an insulating layer. The insulating layer includes; a first transparent glass insulating layer having a TCE of 8.2 to 9.4 ppm/K; a white glass insulating layer which is on the first transparent glass insulating layer, and which contains, as white pigment, one or two or more of titanium oxide (TiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon dioxide (SiO2), strontium titanate (SrTiO2), barium titanate (BaTiO3), zinc oxide (ZnO), or magnesium aluminate (MgAl2O4), and has a TCE of 5.0 to 9.0 ppm/K; and a second transparent glass insulating layer which is on the white glass insulating layer, and which has a TCE of 8.2 to 9.4 ppm/K.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a distributed refractive index-type optical element which can be optically designed readily, enables to provide a desired optical element in a simple manner and has an ultraviolet ray-absorbing ability. The present invention provides a method for producing a distributed refractive index-type optical element having an ultraviolet ray-absorbing ability, which comprises of the steps of: applying a paste comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a lithium compound, a potassium compound, a rubidium compound, a cesium compound, a silver compound, a copper compound and a thallium compound, an organic resin and an organic solvent onto a glass substrate comprising an alkali metal component and an ultraviolet ray-absorbing component as glass constituent components; and heat-treating the resulting substrate at a temperature lower than the softening point of the glass substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a window having at least one of a radio wave stealth property and an electromagnetic wave shield property comprising: a step for forming a thin-film composed of a conductive material on the surface of a transparent window member having a curved surface, and a step for forming the thin-film into a mesh shape. As a result, it is, possible to manufacture, at lower cost, a window having a radio wave stealth property that scatters radio waves in various directions so as not to be detected by radar, while transparency to visible light is improved, as well as a window having an electromagnetic wave shield property that effectively prevents harmful electromagnetic waves, except for visible radiation, from invasion into an aircraft.

Abstract: The invention provides low solar reflectance, low-emissivity coatings. The invention provides a monolithic pane bearing a low solar reflectance, low-emissivity coating. Further, the invention provides an insulating glass unit bearing a low solar reflectance, low-emissivity coating. Finally, the invention provides methods of producing coated substrates by depositing low solar reflectance, low-emissivity coatings.

Abstract: A method for providing a coated vehicle transparency, includes the steps of: (a) providing a vehicle transparency having a vision area and a non-vision area; and (b) applying a sound dampening coating composition to at least a portion of the non-vision area of the transparency. The coating composition can an aqueous dispersion of polymeric microparticles prepared from components including: (i) a functional material selected from (a) a nitrile functional material, (b) an amide functional material, and (c) a carbamate functional material; (ii) a polyoxyalkylene acrylate; and (iii) a filler material.

Abstract: A first-surface mirror or other substrate includes protective coating and is for use in a solar collector, projection television, or the like. In certain example embodiments, a protective coating is formed over a reflective coating of a first surface mirror. In other aspects, this application is related to other coated articles, including, for example, articles (such as insulating glass (IG) window units) having coatings providing for low emissivity. In certain example embodiments, the protective coating may comprise organic materials containing alkyl chains or fluoro-alkyl chains and reactive functionalities comprising silicon and/or phosphorous so as to protect the reflective coating and improve durability.

Abstract: A extreme low resistivity light attenuation anti-reflection coating structure includes a substrate, a coating module, and a composed protection coating layer. The coating module is formed on a front surface of the substrate. The coating module is composed of a plurality of Ti-based oxide coating layers and a plurality of metal coating layers that are alternately stacked with each other. The composed protection coating layer is formed on the coating module.

Abstract: A conventional light diffusion plate provided in a direct type backlight unit to be employed for e.g. a liquid crystal display, has problems in that it does not have a sufficient diffusion performance, it is difficult to increase the size, and it is difficult to produce such a light diffusion plate at low cost. A light diffusion plate comprising a glass substrate and a light diffusion layer formed on the glass substrate, wherein the light diffusion layer comprises a matrix and a light diffusion agent, the absolute value ?n of the refractive index difference between the matrix and the light diffusion agent is 0.05 or more and less than 0.5, and the volume ratio of the light diffusion agent in the light diffusion layer is 30% or more.

Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure for applying pictures, preferably color pictures, in the surface of a glass article. The pictures are separated by color to make different templates for different colors, e.g. for silk screen printing, or for another method to apply the color on the glass. The colors are then fired according to a schedule of temperature sequences, to get the colors melt into the surface of the glass article to solidity on level with that surface.

Abstract: A method for forming an anti-glare layer, including the step of: ejecting droplets of an ink with an ink-jet apparatus onto a transparent substrate so as to form a microscopically roughened structure on the transparent substrate, wherein the ink contains an ingredient capable of giving an anti-glare property to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A method of making a coated article including a carbon based layer on glass over a low-E coating is provided. Both a low-E coating and a carbon based layer are provided on a glass substrate. The carbon based layer (e.g., DLC) protects the low-E coating.

Abstract: An embodiment of a computer-based method to graphically specify one or more encoder lines at which one or more nozzles of a print head is to release a droplet of an organic material includes: (1) displaying on a display device a graphical pocket representation of a pocket, the graphical pocket representation includes one or more graphical encoder line where the one or more graphical encoder line corresponds to the one or more encoder step of the pocket; (2) receiving a particular graphical encoder line where the received graphical encoder line is a subset of the one or more graphical encoder lines; (3) displaying the graphical droplet at or erasing the graphical droplet from the particular received graphical encoder line; and (4) generating one or more nozzle control values using the one or more received graphical encoder lines where the one or more nozzle control values specifies whether the corresponding nozzle releases the droplet of the organic material.

Abstract: An extreme low resistivity light attenuation anti-reflection coating structure in order to increase transmittance of blue light, includes a substrate and a coating module. The coating module is formed on a front surface of the substrate and composed of a plurality of silicon carbide compound coating layers, a plurality of Al-based oxide coating layers and a plurality of metal coating layers that are alternately stacked onto each other.

Abstract: A method of making a coated article (e.g., window unit), and corresponding coated article are provided. A layer of or including diamond-like carbon (DLC) is formed on a glass substrate. Then, a protective layer is formed on the substrate over the DLC inclusive layer. During heat treatment (HT), the protective layer prevents the DLC inclusive layer from significantly burning off. Thereafter, the resulting coated glass substrate may be used as desired, it having been HT and including the protective DLC inclusive layer.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to the combustion deposition depositing of alkaline earth fluoride inclusive coatings on substrates from a metal inclusive organic precursor and a fluorinating reagent, or from a single-source precursor. In certain example embodiments, the fluorinating reagent may be an organic source or an inorganic source. In certain example embodiments, the alkaline earth fluoride inclusive coating may be a magnesium fluoride (e.g., MgF2 or other suitable stoichiometry) inclusive coating, although other Group 2 metals may be used in place of magnesium. In certain example embodiments, the alkaline earth fluoride inclusive coating may be an anti-reflective (AR) coating.

Abstract: A photocatalyst layer (TiO2) is formed on the surface of a substrate (glass plate) through the intermediary of a monoclinic undercoat layer (ZrO2), and no dead layer is substantially present between the photocatalyst layer and the undercoat layer. Also, by providing a peel preventing layer between the substrate and the undercoat layer, it is possible to eliminate film peeling between the photocatalyst layer and the substrate, defects and discoloration. A metal element may be doped in the photocatalyst layer, and it is preferable that the metal element is at least one of Sn, Zn, Mo and Fe. The phrase “no dead layer is substantially present” means that the thickness of the dead layer is 20 nm or less. The thickness of the photocatalyst layer is preferably from 1 nm to 1,000 nm, more preferably from 1 nm to 500 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transparent substrate with a transparent conductive film that is thin but has a surface with concavities and convexities of increased height. A manufacturing method of the present invention includes a process of forming a transparent conductive film containing crystalline metal oxide as its main component on a transparent substrate by a pyrolytic oxidation method. In the method, a gaseous material containing a metal compound, an oxidizing material, and hydrogen chloride is supplied onto the transparent substrate. The process includes sequentially: a first step in which a mole ratio of the hydrogen chloride to the metal compound in the gaseous material is 0.5 to 5; and a second step in which the mole ratio is 2 to 10 and is higher than the mole ratio to be employed in the first step.

Abstract: A substrate carrying method for removing the electrical charges on a substrate and then carrying the substrate includes forming a conductive layer with conductivity on a part of the surface of the substrate, and carrying the substrate while supporting a conductive layer-forming region of the substrate by a grounded substrate supporting unit with conductivity.

Abstract: A method of making an oven door, or other coated article, is provided so as to have a color suppression coating on a substrate such as a glass substrate. Flame pyrolysis (or combustion CVD) is used in depositing at least part of a color suppression coating. For example, in an example embodiment of this invention, flame pyrolysis can be used to deposit a single SnO2 layer from suitable Sn inclusive precursor(s), or alternatively a multi-layer coating may be formed at least partially using flame pyrolysis. In another example embodiment, the coating may include a base layer of silicon oxide formed using flame pyrolysis, and another layer of tin oxide formed in any suitable manner over the base layer of silicon oxide.

Abstract: An electro-optic integrated circuit including an integrated circuit substrate at least one optical signal providing element and at least one discrete reflecting optical element mounted onto the integrated circuit substrate, cooperating with the at least one optical signal providing element and being operative to direct light from the at least one optical signal providing element. An electro-optic integrated circuit including an integrated circuit substrate, at least one optical signal receiving element and at least one discrete reflecting optical element mounted onto the integrated circuit substrate and cooperating with the at least one optical signal receiving element and being operative to direct light to the at least one optical signal receiving element.

Abstract: A conventional microwave plasma processing apparatus, even when krypton (Kr) is used as a plasma-generation gas, can only obtain an oxide film or a nitride film having the same level of characteristics as those obtained when a rare gas such as argon (Ar) is used as a plasma-generation gas. Accordingly, instead of forming a dielectric window of a microwave plasma processing apparatus with only a ceramic member, a planarization film capable of obtaining a stoichiometric SiO2 composition by thermal treatment is coated on one of a plurality of surfaces of the ceramic member, the surface facing a process space, and then thermally-treated, thereby forming a planarization insulation film having a very flat and dense surface. A corrosion-resistant film is formed on the planarization insulation film.

Abstract: Mirrors having a glass substrate, a silver coating layer on a surface of the glass substrate and an exposed epoxy paint layer overlaying the silver coating layer. The mirrors show a scratch resistance determined by the Clemen test showing scratches of less than 10 ?m when applying a weight of 1500 g; a hardness determined by the Persoz pendulum of at least 250 s; and a commercially acceptable resistance to at least three glues amongst oxime, alcoxy, MS polymer and rubber.

Abstract: Reflector element (1) for a solar collector which comprises a not mechanically flexed monolithic glass pane (2) of heat treated glass which due to its enhanced resistance properties becomes self-supported without requiring the presence of any kind of frame member or device to maintain its shape at the normal utilization temperatures. The reflector element is substantially parabolic and can be provided with at least one bore (3) for a fixing element to fix the reflector element (1) to a supporting structure.

Abstract: A fused silica glass having a refractive index homogeneity of less or equal to about 5 ppm over an aperture area of at least about 50 cm2. The fused silica glass is also substantially free of halogens and has an adsorption edge of less than about 160 nm. The glass is dried by exposing a silica soot blank to carbon monoxide before consolidation, reducing the combined concentration of hydroxyl (i.e., OH, where H is protium (11H) and deuteroxyl (OD), where D is deuterium (12H)) of less than about 20 ppm by weight in one embodiment, less than about 5 ppm by weight in another embodiment, and less than about 1 ppm by weight in a third embodiment.

Abstract: An optical element includes glass substrates adhered to surfaces of a birefringent material film through an adhesive. The optical element has a coating for moisture-proof. The moisture-proof treatment is performed by applying a mixed solution of a soluble fluorine resin and an ethylenic compound to end surfaces of the glass substrates and the birefringent material film. Otherwise, the optical element is dipped in a solution prepared by mixing a soluble fluorine resin and an ethylenic compound in a predetermined mixing ratio, so as to moisture-proof the end surfaces of the glass substrates and the birefringent material film. The birefringent material film is a phase difference film. The soluble fluorine resin is an amorphous fluorine resin. The ethylenic compound is PTFE.

Abstract: An alkali aluminosilicate glass article, said alkali aluminosilicate glass having a surface compressive stress of at least about 200 MPa, a surface compressive layer having a depth of at least about 30 ?m, a thickness of at least about 0.3 mm and an amphiphobic fluorine-based surface layer chemically bonded to the surface of the glass. In one embodiment the glass has an anti-reflective coating applied to one surface of the glass between the chemically strengthened surface of the glass and the amphiphobic coating. In another embodiment the surface of the chemically strengthened glass is acid treated using a selected acid (e.g., HCL, H2SO4, HClO4, acetic acid and other acids as described) prior to placement of the amphiphobic coating or the anti-reflective coating.

Abstract: A method for forming a holographic storage media, including: applying a liquid photopolymer to a substrate of glass, quartz, or polycarbonate, the substrate having a first surface; engaging a stamper with a negative of desired tracks on the liquid photopolymer; curing the liquid photopolymer with ultraviolet light creating a plurality of tracks; applying a reflective layer to the plurality of tracks; applying a gap layer to the plurality of tracks; applying a dichronic mirror layer to the gap layer; and applying a holographic storage layer to the dichronic mirror layer.

Abstract: A method of making an antiglare coating using a mullite sol, possibly for use in a plasma display device, a photovoltaic device, or the like. The method may include the following steps in certain example embodiments: forming a mullite sol by mixing glycycloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (or other suitable silane) with an aluminum chloride (or other suitable aluminum-containing compound), and one or more of a solvent and water; casting the mixture by spin coating to form a layer on a substrate (e.g., a glass substrate); and curing and/or heat treating the layer. This layer may make up all or only part of an antiglare coating.

Abstract: A method for cutting apart a glass substrate is provided whereby scribing of the glass substrate is possible without being affected by the presence or thickness of a deposited film formed thereon and without scratching the deposited film. To treat a glass substrate having a deposited film, such as a thin film or resin film, formed on one surface thereof, there are provided a shaving device, which is a blade that removes strip-shaped portions of the deposited film to expose strip-shaped regions on the glass substrate, and a wheel cutter that forms scribed lines along the strip-shaped regions exposed on the glass substrate. The glass substrate is cut apart along the scribed lines.

Abstract: A mirror with no copper layer includes a glass substrate, a silver coating layer provided at a surface of the glass substrate, and at least one paint layer covering the silver coating layer, where the colour of the paint layer adjacent to the silver coating layer is characterised by L* being less than 40.

Abstract: In certain example embodiments, a coated article includes a zirconium nitride inclusive layer before heat treatment (HT). The coated article is heat treated sufficiently to cause the zirconium nitride based layer to transform into a zirconium oxide based layer that is scratch resistant and/or durable. In certain example embodiments, the zirconium nitride and/or zirconium oxide may be doped with F and/or C.

Abstract: An extreme low resistivity light attenuation anti-reflection coating with a transparent surface conductive layer includes a substrate, a coating module, and a composed protection coating layer. The coating module is formed on a front surface of the substrate. The coating module is composed of a plurality of mixture coating layers and a plurality of metal coating layers that are alternately stacked with each other. Each mixture coating layer is composed of silicon carbide compound and Ti-based oxide. The composed protection coating layer is formed on the coating module.