Abstract: A synthetic turf (300) includes a plurality of synthetic turf fibers (102) knitted together to form a knitted backing layer (104) of the synthetic turf, and a water permeable polyurethane coat (114) formed on the knitted backing layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a textile protective material, in particular providing protection against radioactive harmful and/or toxic substances and/or against biological harmful and/or toxic substances and/or against chemical harmful and/or toxic substances, preferably a textile adsorption filter material, and to a method for the production thereof. The textile protective material is suitable in particular for producing protective equipment and protective objects and filters and filter materials of all types.

Abstract: A method for marking a product (1) with a photoluminescent mark, said mark comprising a photoluminescent portion (10) which is transparent under normal light conditions and revealed by photoluminescence under UV illumination, said mark further comprising a non photoluminescent portion (9) which is transparent under normal light conditions as well as under UV illumination, said method comprising: deposing on said product a stack, said stack comprising alternatively layers (2, 4), such as AlN, with a thickness of less than 1 micron and layers (3) of a second material, such as GaN, with a thickness of less than 10 nm; raising the transparency of said non photoluminescent portion (10) with a deposition of transparent material (6) or incorporation of ions into said non photoluminescent portions.

Abstract: A metal-clad laminate according to the invention is provided with an insulating layer and a metal layer present on at least one surface side of the insulating layer. The insulating layer is formed by laminating at least two layers, which are a first resin layer and a second resin layer disposed between the first resin layer and the metal layer. The first resin layer and the second resin layer each include a cured product of a resin composition. The resin composition in the first resin layer is different from the resin composition in the second resin layer. A relative permittivity of the cured product of the resin composition included in the second resin layer is lower than a relative permittivity of the cured product of the resin composition included in the first resin layer.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of measuring the thickness of a thin coating on a substrate comprising dissolving the coating and substrate in a reagent and using the post-dissolution concentration of the coating in the reagent to calculate an effective thickness of the coating. The preferred method includes measuring non-conducting films on flexible and rough substrates, but other kinds of thin films can be measure by matching a reliable film-substrate dissolution technique. One preferred method includes determining the thickness of Boron Carbide films deposited on copper foil. The preferred method uses a standard technique known as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICPOES) to measure boron concentration in a liquid sample prepared by dissolving boron carbide films and the Copper substrates, preferably using a chemical etch known as ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN). Measured boron concentration values can then be calculated.

Abstract: A metal-clad laminate according to the present embodiment includes an insulating layer, and a metal layer present on at least one surface side of the insulating layer. The insulating layer is a laminate of at least three layers of a center layer, a first resin layer present on one surface side of the center layer, and a second resin layer present on the other surface side of the center layer. The center layer, the first resin layer and the second resin layer each contain a cured product of a resin composition. Coefficients of thermal expansion of the cured products of the resin compositions contained in the first resin layer and the second resin layer are smaller than a coefficient of thermal expansion of the cured product of the resin composition contained in the center layer.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is to a method for producing a vinyl acetate composition. The method comprises the step of contacting acetic acid, oxygen, and ethylene under conditions effective to form a crude vinyl acetate composition comprising vinyl acetate, acetic acid, residual oxygen, and water. The method further comprises the step of contacting the crude vinyl acetate composition or a derivative thereof with at least one scavenger to form a treated crude vinyl acetate composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the manufacture of an inner flock coating for vehicles with an indicative and/or decorative motif, which inner flock coating is made up of a support, an adhesive layer and a flock layer made up of a set of fibers adhered to the support via the adhesive layer, wherein said motif is located on a visible surface of said inner coating and wherein said motif is performed by the combination of at least two visibly different areas of the coating, a first area and a second area on which a laser beam is applied.

Abstract: A method for depositing high aspect ratio molecular structures (HARMS), which method comprises applying a force upon an aerosol comprising one or more HARM-structures, which force moves one or more HARM-structures based on one or more physical features and/or properties towards one or more predetermined locations for depositing one or more HARM-structures in a pattern by means of an applied force.

Abstract: Protective, multi-layered, breathable fabric constructs having dynamic or static antimicrobial compositions incorporated into adhesive components. The flexible constructs employ a fabric layer and a breathable coating layer applied to the fabric. Under certain preferred embodiments, the fabric constructs also employ an energy dissipating fiber material disposed opposite the coating layer. Also, the present invention teaches a method of protecting a valuable or sensitive object from damage caused by corrosion, weather, biomass, or other environmental related conditions using the fabric material. The fabric constructs may be post-formed using heat or other methods to create shaped-to-form covers.

Abstract: A method for moving high aspect ratio molecular structures (HARMS), which method comprises applying a force upon a dispersion comprising one or more bundled and individual HARM-structures, wherein the force moves the bundled and/or the individual HARM-structure based on one or more physical features and/or properties for substantially separating the bundled and individual HARM-structures from each other.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting the relative movement between flocked fibers and an object to be flocked is disclosed. Fibers move along a curved or arcuate path which includes both vertical and horizontal movement of the fibers from a flocking machine to the object to be flocked. The method improves the flocking process quality and increases production speed and output.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electronic component includes disposing a heat radiation material including a plurality of linear structures of carbon atoms and a filling layer of a thermoplastic resin provided among the plurality of linear structures above a first substrate, disposing a blotting paper above the heat radiation material, making a heat treatment at a temperature higher than a melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin and absorbing the thermoplastic resin above the plurality of linear structures with the absorption paper, removing the blotting paper, and adhering the heat radiation material to the first substrate by cooling to solidify the thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: This invention relates to protective, multi-layered, breathable fabric constructs. The constructs which are flexible employ a fabric layer and a breathable coating layer applied to the fabric. Under certain preferred embodiments, the fabric constructs also employ an energy dissipating fiber material disposed opposite the coating layer. Also, the present invention teaches a method of protecting a valuable or sensitive object from damage caused by corrosion, weather, bio mass, or other environmental related conditions using the fabric material. The fabric constructs may be post-formed using heat or other methods to create shaped-to-form covers.

Abstract: Systems and methods for forming fiber webs, including those suitable for use as filter media and battery separators, are provided. In some embodiments, the systems and methods involve a first system for forming a fiber web (e.g., a wet laid system or non-wet laid system) and additionally one or more coating units. The first system for forming a fiber web may be used to form one or more fibrous layers of the fiber web, and the coating unit may be used to form an additional fibrous layer of the fiber web. In some embodiments, the systems and methods can be used to form fiber webs having a gradient in a property across a portion of, or the entire, thickness of the fiber web.

Abstract: Hair accessories include (a) a substrate having a hair-holding surface configured for holding hair, and a structural surface; and (b) a layer provided on at least a portion of the hair-holding surface, wherein the layer contains a plurality of flocked fibers. Methods of manufacturing hair accessories are described.

Abstract: Methods and equipment to apply a decorative surface on a building panel wherein the surface includes a mix of fibres, binders, wear resistant particles and pigments. Layers may be applied as separate layers with equipment that applies essentially only one of the materials in the surface mix.

Abstract: A method to produce a pale and/or plain coloured wear resistant surface layer by using a dry powder layer comprising a mix of refined fibres binder, pigment and wear resistant particles.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a releasable composite prepreg for compression, sheet, or bulk molding. The method includes mixing together a resin and a curing agent, adding a release agent to the resin and curing agent creating a releasable epoxy, applying a backing to the releasable epoxy; and positioning a plurality of fibers within the releasable epoxy creating a releasable composite prepreg. The releasable composite prepreg created through the method can be molded to create components without requiring application of an external mold release agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for providing a surface of a fiber based substrate with a barrier layer wherein the barrier layer is formed by depositing nanofibers on the surface by the use of electrospinning or meltspinning and wherein the film is formed by post treatment of the substrate. The invention further relates to a substrate comprising such a carrier layer.

Abstract: A biodegradable paper substrate and/or biodegradable fiber (including fiber tow) may be coated with cellulose acetate and/or plasticized cellulose acetate for use in a filter material configured for application in a filter of a smoking article. Flocking and/or fibrillation methods may be used to deposit and/or generate a plurality of fibers that may protrude beyond a surface of the biodegradable substrate material. A filter made in accordance with this design may also include non-biodegradable material.

Abstract: A fire retardant thermally insulative, vandalism and damage resistant panel for the building exteriors includes a relatively low density foam layer having relatively high thermal resistivity, a relatively high density foam layer having relatively high impact strength and resistance to bending facingly contacting the low density foam layer, a porous fabric contacting the high density foam layer at a surface thereof facing oppositely from the low density foam, and a weather resistant, water impermeable exterior layer contacting the fabric at a surface facing in a direction opposite from where the high density foam contacts the fabric, where the high density foam substantially occupies at least parts of some of the pores of the fabric and the exterior layer material substantially occupies at least parts of at least some of the pores of the fabric such that sufficient pores of the fabric are filled with the high density foam, the exterior surface material and chemical reaction products thereof to create a bond be

Abstract: Protective, multi-layered, breathable fabric constructs having dynamic or static antimicrobial compositions incorporated into adhesive components. The flexible constructs employ a fabric layer and a breathable coating layer applied to the fabric. Under certain preferred embodiments, the fabric constructs also employ an energy dissipating fiber material disposed opposite the coating layer. Also, the present invention teaches a method of protecting a valuable or sensitive object from damage caused by corrosion, weather, biomass, or other environmental related conditions using the fabric material. The fabric constructs may be post-formed using heat or other methods to create shaped-to-form covers.

Abstract: A design and process are provided in which a fully activated thermosetting adhesive layer and multi-layered thermoplastic adhesive are positioned between a flock layer and a substrate.

Abstract: The method of manufacturing a balloon which includes providing a web shaped material having first and second sides that is substantially impermeable to a gaseous substance; depositing a quantity of adhesive on the first side of the web shaped material; depositing flocking fibers in substantially perpendicular relationship to the first side of the web shaped material into the quantity of adhesive; and fabricating a balloon from the web shaped material with the first side thereof on the outside of the balloon envelope.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a flocked article is provided that includes an elastomeric film and a plurality of flock fibers on a flocked surface of the film. The flock fibers are embedded in the film.

Abstract: Methods and processes for coating a hair prosthesis are provided. A method includes the steps of: providing a lace cap, the lace cap having an inner surface, an outer surface, and a plurality of openings, the plurality of openings extending from the inner surface to the outer surface, coating the inner surface of the lace cap with a first compound, attaching a plurality of hairs to the lace cap, and coating the inner surface of the lace cap with a second compound.

Abstract: Decorative grasses having an appearance or texture simulating the appearance or texture of cloth are disclosed, as are methods for making such decorative grasses from materials, wherein at least one surface of the material is modified to simulate the appearance or texture of cloth.

Abstract: Disclosed are adhesive coating compositions containing a metal peroxide for producing clear colorless adhesive coatings on substrates, particularly micro particulate substrates. In one preferred embodiment the nanoparticle coatings are chemically active and function at a high level of efficiency due to the high total surface area of the micro particulate substrate. Also disclosed are coated substrates and compositions having nanoparticles bound to a substrate by the coating compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microfluid-system-supporting unit, comprising a fixing layer formed on a substrate, a protective layer or a fixing layer, wherein part of at least one hollow filament in any shape is placed and fixed in the fixing layer. Thus, it provides a microfluid-system-supporting unit lower in surface irregularity even when there are multiple hollow filaments different in external diameter or the hollow filaments crosses each other and resistant to positional deviation of the hollow filament in the crossing regions, and a production method thereof.

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating a construction (10) having a functional side (12). The method includes the steps of: supplying a flexible substrate (20); attaching one or more structures (30) to the substrate (20) on a surface or side thereof facing the functional side (12) of the construction (10); and forming one or more features, for example, such as fibrils (39), on at least one of the structures (30), wherein the features have at least one dimension which is at least one of micro-sized or nano-sized.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of spatial objects of a fleece or felt, wherein the fibers are deposited on a mold that is preferably air-permeable. The fibers may be attracted to the mold by a vacuum applied to the underside of said mold. Preferably, the mold has several spatial structures that define the shape of the fiber web that is being formed and that correspond at least approximately to the desired final shape. By subsequent compacting of the thusly obtained fiber web, a spatially three-dimensional felt object is obtained. In this method, subsequent deforming steps are unnecessary or reduced to a minimum, so that the material to be produced does not experience any substantial distortion.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for producing flexible, stretchable, and/or elastic products comprised principally of material such as natural elastomers and other synthetic polymers. The method for producing stretchable products by spraying product material over a workpiece former, and method for creating perforated products by spraying product material over fibres in an upright position. The invention provides methods for making double sided fibre coating of the product and, or to at least coating the product surface on the side facing the wall without the need for removing the product from the wall.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an article having at least one surface coated with electrostatically flocked material. The flock material used is one or more fibers, preferably synthetic fibers. When electrostatically flocked onto the article surface, the flock material is oriented, thus providing a silky smooth feel to the surface. The articles may include, for example, elastic articles such as rubber gloves, elastic medical drapes or wraps, elastic orthopedic supports/braces and clothing. The present invention also provides a process and apparatus for electrostatically flocking material onto an article.

Abstract: Provided are methods and techniques for a spraying fibers. A container having an agitator or a blade assembly in its bottom section is obtained and then partially filled with fibers, so as to at least partially cover the agitator or blade assembly. The agitator or blade assembly is operated with the container substantially closed, thereby causing a plurality of the fibers to become airborne within the container, and then an airflow is created to draw the airborne fibers out of the container. Finally, the airborne fibers that have been drawn out of the container are directed into a desired spray, using a sprayer.

Abstract: Sprayable polyurethane compositions contain particulate filler in both polyol and isocyanate components for a total content of minimally 30 weight percent of particulate filler and fibrous reinforcement. The isocyanate component is stable with respect to storage, and composite structures prepared therefrom exhibit high modulus and can be used as replacements for unsaturated polyester systems. Resin transfer molding systems employ the same components and produce molded parts with good physical properties.

Abstract: A composition for chemical soil improvement includes a synthetic fluid or base oil, a pour point depressant, polyisobutylene, and synthetic fibers, and various combinations thereof.

Abstract: A composite material according to the present invention includes: a fiber fabric (2) composed of certain fibers; and a matrix (3) which is so formed as to adhere to the fiber fabric (2). The fiber fabric (2) contains main constitutional fibers (21) and auxiliary fibers (22) which compensate the characteristics of the main constitutional fibers (21) when they are exposed to a high temperature atmosphere.

Abstract: A fabricated microstructure includes a substrate, a primary fiber, and a plurality of base fibers. The primary fiber has a width less than about 5 microns. Each base fiber of the plurality of base fibers has a first end attached to the primary fiber and a second end attached to the substrate. Each base fiber has a width less than the width of the primary fiber.

Abstract: In this process of continuous manufacture of a flocked and dyed cloth backing (S) comprising successive stages of application (1) of a polymerizable resin (RP) layer to at least one surface of the cloth backing, projection (2) of white or unbleached polyester flock fibers (FF) onto said resin layer, polymerization (3) of the resin to fix the flock fibers on the cloth backing, deposition (4) of at least one sublimable dye (E) on the flocked surface of the cloth backing and sublimation (4) of the deposited dye to dye the flocked fibers, for the stage of projection (2), polyester super microfibers are used with a titer of less than 0.5 Dtex and a length of between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.

Abstract: A non-woven polymeric matrix for separating leukocytes from a blood sample includes a non-woven three dimensional matrix formed from polymeric fibers having a predetermined pore volume fraction including a defined channel configuration, a predetermined pore size in the range of from about 10 ?m to about 250 ?m, and a plurality of connections between the plurality of fibers. The matrix is configured so as to remove at least about 98% of leukocytes from at least one unit of packed red blood cells. Methods of making and using the matrix are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microfluid-system-supporting unit, comprising a fixing layer formed on a substrate, a protective layer or a fixing layer, wherein part of at least one hollow filament in any shape is placed and fixed in the fixing layer. Thus, it provides a microfluid-system-supporting unit lower in surface irregularity even when there are multiple hollow filaments different in external diameter or the hollow filaments crosses each other and resistant to positional deviation of the hollow filament in the crossing regions, and a production method thereof.

Abstract: Flocking fibers are applied to the outsole of a shoe by placing the fibers in a chamber within a housing and placing the outsole over an opening in the housing after applying an adhesive to a surface of the outsole which is to receive the flocking. A pressurized gas jet is activated to increase the pressure in the housing thereby causing the fibers to exit the chamber and collide with the adhesive surface of the outsole. The outsoles may be supported on screens within openings in a tray which is removably mountable on the housing over the opening therein.

Abstract: An absorbent composite comprising a bound particulate absorbent polymer in which two or more nearly spherical absorbent polymer particles are bound to each other and a web-like absorbent polymer, wherein the bound particulate absorbent polymer and the web-like absorbent polymer are bound to a substrate. The composite has a large absorption and a high absorbing speed in which the absorbent polymer is kept uniformly dispersed on the support throughout before and after absorption.

Abstract: The composite material comprises an elastic film (F), made of polymer material, and a coating made of flocked fibers (13) on at least one face. The fibers are fixed to the film by a layer (C) of bonding material.

Abstract: The invention relates to slip resistant seamless packaging casings and more particularly to slip resistant seamless tubular food casings comprising cellulose or cellulose hydrate and having the surface modified with particles or fibres of food compatible material. The invention also relates to a method for the manufacture of said slip resistant tubular food casing having the surface modified with particles or fibres of food compatible material, and to the use of the obtained slip resistant seamless tubular food casing.

Abstract: A long life, low pressure drop, cyst reduction water filter includes two active layers, the first comprising a non-woven fiber layer of nominal submicron porosity that retains cysts, but provides a good flow rate, and an upstream protective layer of a different non-woven fiber layer that captures particulates which would otherwise overwhelm and plug the cyst reduction layer.

Abstract: A method of covering a polyolefin surface with flocculent includes applying a polyolefin-bondable adhesive to at least a portion of a polyolefin surface located on a structure. An epoxy bond material is then applied to the portion of the structure. Then, a flocculent is applied to the portion of the structure. The polyolefin-bondable adhesive and the epoxy bond material can be applied by submerging the portion of polyolefin surface into each. An apparatus includes a structure having a polyolefin surface selected from a group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene. A layer polyolefin-bondable adhesive overlies and abuttingly contacts a portion of the polyolefin surface of the structure. A layer of epoxy bond material overlies and abuttingly contacts the layer of polyolefin-bondable adhesive. A flocculent overlies and abuttingly contacts the layer of epoxy bond material.

Abstract: A spiral membrane element that can reduce the dimension increase in the length direction is provided by forming a fiber reinforced resin layer having a reinforcing fiber layer and a strengthening fiber layer. Also, a method for producing a spiral membrane element is provided having a step of forming a fiber reinforced resin layer having a reinforcing fiber layer and a strengthening fiber layer. The spiral membrane element is provided with a cylindrical wound body in which a separation membrane, a feed-side channel material, and a permeate-side channel material in a laminated state are wound in a spiral form around a center tube having a hole, and a sealing part for preventing feed-side fluid and permeate-side fluid from being mixed with each other, wherein a fiber reinforced resin layer having a reinforcing fiber layer and a strengthening fiber layer enclosed and buried with the same resin is provided on an outer circumferential side of the cylindrical wound body.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for producing flexible, stretchable, and/or elastic products comprised principally of material such as natural elastomers and other synthetic polymers. The method for producing stretchable products by spraying product material over a workpiece former, and method for creating perforated products by spraying product material over fibres in an upright position. The invention provides methods for making double sided fibre coating of the product and, or to at least coating the product surface on the side facing the wall without the need for removing the product from the wall.