Abstract: A method of coating an inner surface of a weapon barrel includes the following steps: introducing a plasma burner into the weapon barrel; producing a plasma flame by the plasma burner; directing the plasma flame against the inner barrel surface to cause impingement thereon; introducing a coating material in powder, wire or ribbon form into the plasma flame for melting the coating material to form a molten liquid and for depositing the molten liquid by the plasma flame on the inner barrel surface; and moving the plasma burner inside the weapon barrel axially thereof and relative thereto while performing the depositing step for obtaining a surface coating on the inner barrel surface.

Abstract: A method of providing the inside surface of a hollow object with at least one microscopic feature, comprising the steps of coating at least a part of the inside surface with photo-sensitive material, directing light onto the material to photo-expose a selected portion of the material, removing the exposed selected portion or the unexposed material thereby to leave an opening through the coating, applying an etching substance to etch the inside surface through the opening to form a microscopic feature in the inside surface, characterized in that the light which is directed onto the photo-sensitive material comprises a collimated beam and during exposure, the beam and the inside surface are relatively moved so that the beam impinges upon the selected portion of the photo-sensitive coating to be exposed.

Abstract: A method for applying coatings to a portion of the internal bore or threads of a fastener or similar article having an opening on at least one end is provided. A 360° coating with material is provided using centrifugal force to assist in direction the material to a desired surface, which does not require use of a pressurized air stream in order to propel the coating material toward the walls of the article desired to be coated.

Abstract: A method for coating a surface of a substrate includes providing a substrate having a surface, coating the surface with a foam suspension containing a powder suspended in a foam to form a coating on the surface, wherein the coating has an activator; and subjecting the substrate to a diffusion treatment.

Abstract: A method for partially coating a cylindrical carrier body with a coating suspension, the carrier body having a cylindrical axis, two end faces, an envelope, and an axial length L, and being provided with a series of channels extending from the first end face to the second end face. A desired coating quantity of the coating suspension is applied onto the carrier body by vertically aligning the cylindrical axis and introducing the coating suspension into the channels through the lower end face. The carrier body, measured from the lower end face, is filled with a filling volume of the coating suspension which is metered, such that the carrier body is only filled up to a height that amounts to a predetermined fraction of its length L. Subsequently, excess coating suspension is removed downward so that the desired coating quantity remains on the carrier body.

Abstract: A method for making a self locking internally threaded fastener and an apparatus for making such fasteners, in which the self locking characteristic is derived from a patch of thermoplastic material having a circumferential extent of less than 360° adhered selectively to at least a portion of the thread defining surface of the fastener.

Abstract: A method for producing an inner tin film on the surface of plumbing components, such as those made of red brass or yellow brass, for drinking water supply. The lead content on the inner surface of the hollow component parts is first reduced by treatment with an acid-based aqueous reducing solution. For this purpose, chloride-free and sulfate-free, non-oxidizing hydracids may be used. The hollow component parts are subsequently chemically internally tinned.

Abstract: Coating for the tube sheets and heat exchanger coolant tubes extending from them, especially steam condensers, based on hardening plastic mixtures, obtainable by cleaning the surfaces provided for coating using an abrasive; closing the tube inlets and outlets (or tube inlets only) with removable plugs; applying at least one layer of a hardening plastic coating on the tube sheet; allowing the coating to harden so that additional mechanical processing can ensue, and processing the surface; removing the plugs from the tube inlets and outlets (or tube inlets only) as well as applying at least one layer of a hardening plastic coating at least in the inlet area of the coolant tube, and allowing it to harden, coating of the coolant tubes by timed applications being done reactively to the tube sheet coating and the coolant tube coating exhibiting in comparison to the tube sheet coating a greater elasticity having an elongation at tear at least 2% greater in accordance with ASTM D522 with respect to the elongation at

Abstract: A rocket motor assembly is insulated or thermally protected with a rocket motor ablative material formed from a prepreg. The prepreg contains at least an impregnating resin matrix and, as a precursor prior to carbonization, carded and spun staple cellulosic fibers. When patterned and carbonized, the rocket motor ablative material can be lined or otherwise placed into a rocket motor assembly, such as between the solid propellant and case, in the bulk area of the exit nozzle liner, or at susceptible portions of a re-entry vehicle, such as the nose cone.

Abstract: This invention is an apparatus and a method for applying a very thin film of fluoropolymer to a substrate, and more particularly, to a substrate surface that is a heat transfer, aerodynamic, and hydrodynamic substrates. This invention is also a substrate including an extremely thin film of fluoropolymer.

Abstract: A process for making a flow cell having an internal flow passage of a material having a refractive index less than that of water or having the internal walls of the flow passage coated or otherwise covered with such a material is provided. The flow cell so produced substantially totally internally reflects light along the cell bore.

Abstract: An apparatus to coat cylinder bores with precise thickness and adhesion having a nozzle for effecting a hollow conical spray pattern of an emulsion about an axis, a highly pressurized supply of emulsion to the nozzle, the emulsion containing solid lubricant in fluid suspension and means for controllably moving the nozzle within the cylinder bore to deposit a coating of the emulsion in the thickness range of 8-13 microns. A method for coating cylinder bores includes preparing the cylinder bore surface to expose fresh metal free of contamination, generating a hollow conical spray consisting of fine mist droplets of a solid lubricant emulsion (the conical spray having an effective base with a diameter greater than the diameter of the cylinder bore), and moving the apex of the conical spray along the axis of the bore at a uniform speed to deposit a coating of the emulsion on the interior of such cylinder bore in a thickness no greater than 20 microns.

Abstract: A method of coating an inner face of a metal tube with an electrically conducting coating material includes the steps of positioning a wire, made of the coating material, generally axially in an interior of the tube, along the inner face thereof; and passing an electric current pulse of sufficient intensity through the wire to cause an explosive vaporization thereof, whereby particles of the vaporized material impinge on the inner face of the metal tube and form a layer thereon.

Abstract: A surface-treating method of of screw parts, which method consists of coating beforehand a liquid organic resin based coating composition capable of forming a film having a volume resistivity of 1014 &OHgr;·cm or more at normal temperature onto a thread of screw parts to be mounted onto an automobile body by welding prior to a coating step of the automobile body, followed by heating and drying.

Abstract: A cost-effective process for providing a copper-based alloy casting, which has superior wear characteristics, to a cylinder block is described. The process includes heating the copper-based alloy to a molten state for immersing the cylinder block within such, while promoting the entrained gas within the copper-based alloy to migrate in a given direction and terminate in a specified portion of the copper-based alloy to effectively control porosity. In one form, the process further includes cooling the immersed cylinder block in the given direction to effectively reduce microshrinkage of the copper-based alloy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for aluminum nitride coating of cylinder contact surfaces (ZL) of a crankcase (KG) made of an aluminum basic alloy where the aluminum nitride coating is performed by surface nitriding of the aluminum basic alloy, and the activated nitrogen is generated by a high-pressure plasma process.

Abstract: In a method for preparing and/or coating the surfaces of metallic hollow structural elements that have at least two connection openings between their outer and inner surfaces, first and second reaction gas mixtures (I, II) are prepared by reaction gas sources for treating the outer and inner surfaces of the hollow structural elements. The first reaction gas mixture (I) is guided over the outer surfaces and thereafter over the inner surfaces of the structural elements, and then the second reaction gas mixture (II) is guided over the inner surfaces and thereafter over the outer surfaces of the structural elements. An apparatus for carrying out the method includes a reaction vessel enclosing an outer reaction space, a central holding pipe arranged in the reaction vessel and enclosing an inner space, and hollow support arms removably attached on the holding pipe to extend radially outwardly therefrom.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for applying a protective film of, for example, oil to the interior of a metal pipe for preservation purposes. The method is according to the invention characterized by the steps of placing one end of the pipe to be preserved against a pipe member provided with a spray nozzle, siphoning over a particular amount of oil from a storage vessel into a bent pipe section of said pipe member, and generating and leading a compressed air pulse through the pipe member and the pipe to be preserved by quickly opening and closing a valve which is disposed in said pipe member between said bent pipe section and a pressure vessel which is connected to the other end of said pipe member.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting deposition of material on a wall of a chemical vapor deposition reactor includes providing a chemical vapor deposition reactor having a wall which has an inside facing surface, the inside facing surface at least partially defining a chemical vapor deposition reactor chamber; forming a first material atop the inside facing surface; positioning a substrate in the chemical vapor deposition a reactor chamber, the substrate having an outer surface; and chemical vapor depositing a second material layer on the substrate in a manner which is selective to the substrate outer surface, and not the first material, thereby restricting deposition of the second layer on the reactor inside facing surface.

Abstract: The production of a bearing surface by coating a known bearing material directly on the surface of a gear bore. A process of coating bearing materials directly onto the surface of a gear and the product thereof. The surface is preferably the inner bore surface of a planet gear. The coating methods include sputtering and vapor deposition. The bearing material applied as a coating is preferably a copper-lead composition. The resultant gear having a bearing coating can be useful in any high density, high efficiency epicyclic gear train for aircraft, marine or land based power transmissions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous protective film, consisting of a thermoplastic synthetic material, which is applied to the inner side of the longitudinal weld of sheet metal pipes which are supplied end to end across the welding arm of a welding machine and an adjacent applicator arm. The thermoplastic synthetic material is continuously melted and applied using an applicator nozzle across at least the entire width of the weld. The thermoplastic synthetic material fed continuously is preheated, melted and conveyed to the applicator nozzle in a homogeneous liquid state. The discharge opening of the nozzle is subsequently guided at an adjustable constant distance from the inner side of the longitudinal weld of the sheet metal pipes, and the liquid synthetic material is applied in metered quantities. The melting apparatus for carrying out the process comprises means for guiding the discharge opening of the applicator nozzle. The means are, for example, a follow up roller, a sliding block, or a probe.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing a resin-composite profile. The method comprises providing an aluminum profile having a coating film that is capable of forming a functional group which reacts with isocyanate. A discharge treatment is performed on the film wherein the treated surface is capable of reacting with isocyanate. A urethane resin substantially formed of isocyanates and polyol is joined to the discharge treated surface.

Abstract: The inner surface of a high temperature nickel chromium alloy product such as ethylene furnace tubes is cleaned with high temperature hydrogen to prepare the surface for the deposition, diffusion and modification of metals. A first layer of chromium or chromium and silicon is deposited and diffusion heat treated or covered by the second layer of aluminum, magnesium, silicon and manganese and third layer of rare earth metals such as yttrium and zirconium. Each layer or the combination of layers is diffusion heat treated at sufficient time and temperature to cause a diffusion depth ranging from 50 microns to 150 microns with a maximum of 250 microns. The surface is then heated to convert the immediate surface to a spinel and further pretreated with argon and nitrogen to stabilize the surface oxides. The surface of the final coating can be polished to minimize sites for carbon buildup. When ethylene is produced using furnace tubes which are coated in this manner less coking occurs.

Abstract: A process for producing a metallic protective layer whereby a metal-containing plating, cladding, paint or other coating is applied to at least a portion of a reactor system and then contacted with a gaseous stream containing hydrocarbons, such as impure hydrogen, thereby producing a continuous and adherent metallic protective layer. The gaseous stream preferably comprises hydrogen, which may be recycled. A preferred embodiment of the invention is directed to touch-up procedures where a portion of an already protected reactor system is replaced or rewelded and the protective layer is formed as the replaced portion is brought on-stream.

Abstract: A coating apparatus with a spray head is provided for coating can bodies internally. The spray head is supplied with coating material through a feed line which passes through the seam welding machine for the container bodies. The combined spray and extraction head is also connected to a suction line which extracts excess coating material which has not been deposited on the internal walls of the container bodies, and returns it through the welding machine. In this way, the escape of coating material between the individual can bodies can largely be avoided, thus reducing contamination of equipment.

Abstract: A method for precoating interior surfaces of a plasma CVD reactor after removal of built-up fluorinated silicon oxide residues by in-situ reactor cleaning. The deposition gas mixture includes F, Si, O and optional Ar. The interior surfaces can be precoated with fluorinated silicon oxide using a deposition gas mixture which includes 80 to 200 sccm SiF.sub.4 and 150 to 400 sccm O.sub.2 supplied to the reactor in a gas flow ratio of O.sub.2 :SiF.sub.4 of 1.4 to 3.2. The precoated film can be deposited at a high deposition rate to maintain high throughput in the reactor while providing a precoat film having low compressive stress and thus high film adhesion and low particle generation during subsequent substrate processing in the reactor.

Abstract: A self locking internally threaded fastener and an apparatus and process for making such fasteners, in which the self locking characteristic is derived from a patch of thermoplastic material having a circumferential extent of less than 360.degree. adhered selectively to at least a portion of the thread defining surface of the fastener.

Abstract: An appliance is rendered self-cleaning of accumulated organic contaminants on one or more surfaces of the appliance, by coating such surfaces of the appliance with a photocatalytically-activated self-cleaning coating. Upon exposing such coated surfaces to radiation of the appropriate wavelength, for a sufficient interval of time, at least a portion of the organic contaminants present on the photocatalytically-activated self-cleaning coating are removed. The coated surface is thereby cleaned without the need of manual effort or high temperatures. The radiation is generally actinic radiation, and more particularly includes ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: A two-step method to porcelain-coat an article is provided particularly useful for porcelain-coating a gas burner used in a gas-fired residential barbecue grill. A gas burner constructed from mild enameling-grade steel is dipped in a slip containing porcelain frit and manipulated so that the slip adequately coats and adheres to the interior surfaces of the burner. The porcelain-containing slip simultaneously coats and adheres to the peripheral "shoulders", and particularly to the interior "shoulders", of the gas jet openings of the burner. A second coating of porcelain-containing slip is then applied, for example, by spraying or other conventional wet application techniques, to the exterior surfaces of the burner. The properties, for example specific gravity, of the porcelain-containing slip of the second wet coating are adjusted for optimal coating properties. Then, the double slip-coated gas burner is fired in a continuous furnace at a peak firing temperature of 1480.degree. F. to 1550.degree. F.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a copper tube with a tinned inner surface by circulating a substitution-type electroless tin plating solution inside the copper tube. The process is characterized by comprising a first plating step wherein the rate of deposition of a tin film is adjusted so that the total copper ion concentration in the plating solution, immediately after flowing from the copper tube, after having been circulated inside the tube divided by the tin (II) ion concentration in this plating solution is 0.8 or less, and a second plating step wherein plating is carried out at a plating solution temperature higher than the plating solution temperature in the first plating step. A plating solution comprising 0.05-0.3 mol/l of Sn.sup.2 ion, 0.5-2.0 mol/l of thiourea, 0.5-2.0 mol/l of sulfuric acid, 0.05-2.0 mol/l of alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, and 0.5-5.0 g/l of a nonionic surface active agent is preferably used.

Abstract: Application of a release agent onto the interior surfaces of a commercial bakery trough is accomplished by a system for dispensing a gel having two spray head assemblies. While the trough is stationary, each head in turn descends into the trough and propels the release agent onto a portion of the interior surfaces including side walls, an end wall, and the bottom wall of the trough. Each head includes a disc that spins to distribute the release agent. An edge on the disc defines a predetermined spray pattern. Waste of release agent due to overspray is minimized by controlling a release agent valve in the head, controlling disc rotation, and monitoring position of the head in the trough.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon foam heat sink is disclosed which obviates the need for conventional oxidative stabilization. The process employs mesophase or isotropic pitch and a simplified process using a single mold. The foam has a relatively uniform distribution of pore sizes and a highly aligned graphic structure in the struts. The foam material can be made into a composite which is useful in high temperature sandwich panels for both thermal and structural applications. The foam is encased and filled with a phase change material to provide a very efficient heat sink device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming an intermediate film and a hard cabon film over the inner surface of a cylindrical member having a bore, such as a bushing or a cylinder, with the hard carbon film being formed on the intermediate film with a uniform thickness, greatly enhancing of abrasion resistance of the inner surface. The cylindrical member is placed in a vacuum vessel, an auxiliary electrode of an intermediate film forming material, such as a titanium-silicon alloy or the like, is inserted in the bore of the cylindrical member, a sputtering gas is supplied into the vacuum vessel, a voltage is applied to the auxiliary electrode to produce a plasma around the auxiliary electrode in order that the intermediate film forming material is sputtered from the auxiliary electrode and an intermediate film is formed over the inner surface of the cylindrical member.

Abstract: A guide bush (11), coming in sliding contact with a workpiece, for use in an automatic lathe is placed in a vacuum vessel (61), and after inserting an auxiliary electrode (71), which is grounded or to which a positive DC voltage is applied, in the center bore (11j) of the guide bush (11), forming the inner surface (11b) thereof, the vacuum vessel (61) is evacuated such that an initially reached pressure therein is not higher than a predetermined degree of vacuum. Then, after a DC voltage is applied to an anode (79) and an AC voltage is applied to a filament (81) while applying a DC voltage to the guide bush (11), carbon-containing gas is fed into the vacuum vessel (61), producing a plasma therein and the pressure inside the vacuum vessel (61) is controlled to attain a film-forming pressure higher than the initially reached pressure while forming a hard carbon film over the inner surface of the guide bush (11) by means of a plasma CVD process.

Abstract: The method of forming a seamed metal tube having a metal coating of this invention includes applying a metal coating to the upper face of a metal strip prior to welding. The strip is then formed into an open seam tube and welded, preferably in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with the seam preferably located in the lower portion of the tube. Finally, at least a lower portion of said tube is reheated with the seam located in the lower portion of the tube, thereby causing the metal coating to flow downwardly over the seam, coating the seam. In one embodiment, the strip is preformed into an arcuate shape and coated, wherein the metal coating increases in thickness toward the lateral strip edges, such that the coating will flow over the seam following welding. The inside coated seamed tube may also be immersed in a galvanizing or metal coating bath to coat the outside of the tube.

Abstract: A solution of a metallic compound or a cyclic olefin polymer is introduced into a metallic pipe to deposit the solution onto the whole inner wall of the metallic pipe followed by heat treatment at a high temperature to dry and solidify the solution, thereby forming a dielectric layer. Thus, a metallic hollow waveguide is prepared which comprises a metallic pipe, a dielectric layer provided on the inner wall of the pipe, and a hollow region defined by the inner wall of the dielectric layer. The above constitution makes it possible to provide a highly reliable hollow waveguide which is usable in a broad waveband, for which a quartz optical fiber is unusable, causes no significant transmission loss, can be mass produced, and can be easily produced in a reduced diameter and in an increased length, and to provide a method of making the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for equipping a kitchenware object, for example a pan, a pot, roasters or the like, comprising metal, for example aluminum, an aluminum alloy, magnesium or a magnesium alloy, with an anti-adhesion coating in the stressed surface regions, for example, on the inside, in which onto the metal surface of the object, for example after roughening, a mechanically-resistant layer, such as a mechanically-resistant anodization layer or similar mechanically-resistant layer is provided, and subsequently the stressed surface regions are provided with the anti-adhesion layer, wherein, before providing the mechanically-resistant layer, a durable surface layer is applied onto the surface regions, not to be provided with the coating system (mechanically-resistant layer or the like with or without anti-adhesion layer), of the object.

Abstract: An insulation system for the fuselage walls of an aircraft. The insulation is a formed-in-place, sprayed-on foam that is applied against a barrier material that is draped against the inside of the exterior skin of the fuselage and over any inwardly projecting structural members attached to the exterior skin. No substantial portion of the barrier material passes underneath any laterally projecting portions of the structural members, so that the subsequently solidified, semi-flexible foam (i.e. insulation) can be removed at a later time for necessary inspections of the aircraft, without being trapped behind these lateral projections. The foam is preferably fire retardant and hydrophobic. An additional protective layer may also be sprayed on to the outside surface of the insulating foam.

Abstract: The invention is a method and device for sealing leaks remotely by means of injecting a previously prepared aerosol into the enclosure being sealed according to a particular sealing efficiency defined by the product of a penetration efficiency and a particle deposition efficiency. By using different limits in the relationship between penetration efficiency and flowrate, the same method according the invention can be used for coating the inside of an enclosure. Specifically the invention is a method and device for preparing, transporting, and depositing a solid phase aerosol to the interior surface of the enclosure relating particle size, particle carrier flow rate, and pressure differential, so that particles deposited there can bridge and substantially seal each leak, with out providing a substantial coating at inside surfaces of the enclosure other than the leak.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions for removing, inhibiting, or preventing corrosion on metal surfaces within water channels in salt-water cooled internal combustion engines. These methods comprise contacting the metal surfaces with an aqueous mixture of a di- lower alkyl fatty acid amide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming a two-layer intermediate film over the inner surface of a cylindrical member, such as a bushing or a cylinder, with a DLC film being formed on the intermediate film with a uniform thickness by using an auxiliary electrode, greatly enhancing of abrasion resistance of the inner surface. The cylindrical member is placed in a vacuum vessel, an auxiliary electrode of a first intermediate film forming material is inserted in the bore of the cylindrical member, a sputtering gas is supplied into the vacuum vessel, keep the auxiliary electrode at ground potential or a negative DC voltage is applied to the auxiliary electrode to produce a plasma around the auxiliary electrode in order that a first intermediate film is formed over the inner surface of the cylindrical member.

Abstract: A first pre-coating film forming gas containing titanium is supplied into a process chamber in which a susceptor for supporting a wafer is located, at the same time heating the susceptor to thereby form, on the susceptor, a first pre-coating film containing titanium as a main component, and then a second pre-coating film forming gas containing titanium and nitrogen is supplied into the process chamber to thereby form, on the pre-coating first film, a second pre-coating film containing titanium nitride as a main component. The wafer is mounted on a part of the second pre-coating film susceptor. A first film forming gas containing titanium is supplied into the process chamber, at the same time heating the susceptor to thereby form, on the wafer, a first film containing titanium as a main component, and then a second film forming gas containing titanium and nitrogen is supplied into the process chamber to thereby form, on the first film on the wafer, a second film containing titanium nitride as a main component.

Abstract: The invention provides an aqueous resin dispersion that comprises 1) an acrylic resin (A), 2) an aromatic epoxy resin (B), and 3) a bisphenol F product (C) that are dispersed in an aqueous medium at a pH of from about 4 to 11. The invention also provides an aqueous base-coat agent, coated substrates and coating methods that comprises the aqueous resin dispersion.

Abstract: A hard carbon film is formed in a vacuum vessel directly or through an intermediate layer for enhancing adhesion over an inner surface of a guide bush with a uniform thickness and excellent adhesion wherein the inner surface is in sliding contact with a workpiece and the guide bush is mounted on an automatic lathe for holding the workpiece rotatably and slidably in the axial direction near a cutting tool. Accordingly, the method comprises disposing the guide bush in a vacuum vessel, inserting an auxiliary electrode into the center bore forming the inner surface of the guide bush to be at a ground potential, introducing a gas containing carbon into the vacuum vessel through the gas inlet port after evacuating the vacuum vessel, and applying a DC voltage to the guide bush through a reactor, thereby producing a plasma in the vacuum vessel so that a hard carbon film of hydrogenated amorphous carbon is formed over the inner surface of the guide bush by a plasma CVD method.

Abstract: A cast iron exhaust manifold having an inside surface covered with a ceramic coating comprising, by weight, about 30% to about 70% unfused silica, about 5% to about 30% magnesia, about 5% to about 20% alumina and about 3% to about 10% sodium oxide. The coating will preferably be built up in multiple layers at least one of which is relatively porous and another is relatively dense resulting from vacuum degassing of the slurry used to deposit the coating.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided to coat the internal surfaces of a hollow article having gas flow passages by supplying a coating gas to the passages with the coating gas flow rate to at least two of the passages controlled to a different rate to deposit a coating of desired thickness on the internal surfaces of each passage.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing a barrier coating on a portion of discrete objects such as fasteners utilizing a liquid coating material is provided. The present invention introduces either a plurality of loose or interconnected parts onto a magnetized conveyor system and optically senses when parts are present. When parts are sensed, the sensor triggers a discrete shot of liquid coating material such as a fluorocarbon to be deposited onto a predetermined portion of each part. These parts can then be transferred to a second magnetized conveyor system that supports an opposite surface of the parts than the first conveyor. The invention can also remove excess coating material and also be provided with dryers or heaters to fix the coating material to the parts if necessary.

Abstract: A method of lining a surface of a substrate comprises providing a reactive mixture which comprises (1) a resin containing active hydrogens; (2) a polycarbodiimide; and (3) an organic diluent; reacting the resin containing active hydrogens and the polycarbodiimide to chemically bind the resin and the polycarbodiimide; applying the chemically bound resin and polycarbodiimide to the surface of the substrate; and curing the chemically bound resin and polycarbodiimide in the presence of an initiator to form a cured resin material which lines the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An auxiliary electrode which is to be connected to a ground potential or applied with a positive DC voltage is disposed in a center bore which forms an inner surface of a guide bush, and a ringlike dummy member made of a conductive material having an internal diameter equal to or larger than the diameter of the center bore of the guide bush with its both ends having a different diameter is placed on an end face of the guide bush opening the inner surface thereof so that one end having the smaller diameter contacts the end face of the guide bush with its center in alignment with the central axis of the center bore. A DLC film is formed over an inner surface of a guide bush which is in sliding contact with a workpiece held in the guide bush by disposing the guide bush in a vacuum vessel after evacuating the vessel and introducing a gas containing carbon, producing a plasma in a vacuum vessel by applying a DC voltage or a radio frequency power to the guide bush by the plasma CVD process.

Abstract: A method of treating a potable water supply component, for example a pipe, pipe coupling or tap body, made of a leaded copper-based alloy such as a brass or gun metal, in order to inhibit the leach out of lead from the alloy by potable water during service, comprises treating at least internal surfaces of the component with an aqueous solution of an acid that forms a substantially water insoluble compound with lead. The acid is preferably ortho-phosphoric acid.