Abstract: A coating of a perfluoropolyether compound is applied to surfaces for inhibiting the deposition of a source material by evaporating or sputtering within a vacuum, and for the deposition of such material onto irregular surfaces, voids, or holes of an object. The coating can be applied by evaporating and then condensing the compound within a vacuum, or it can be applied as a fluid or thixotropic paste through direct contact by means such as a printing process. The coating can further be applied by spraying, or by spinning the surfaces about an axis with the fluid forming a thin coating through the action of centrifugal force. Selected portions of the coating can be removed so that the material is deposited in predetermined patterns. One method of removal is by dissolving the compound in a solvent. The coating can also be removed by selective evaporation in which a laser beam or an electron beam is directed across the surface.

Abstract: The reliability of radiation switches is improved in accordance with this invention by mechanically modifying the contact members of the switch structure to reduce the heat sinking effectiveness of the switch contact members.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thin-film field-emission electron source which is of a sandwich structure of a substrate - metallic film-insulating film - metallic film and which has at least one minute cavity and a field-emitter of, for example, a conical shape within the cavity, comprises the steps of (i) forming on a substrate a first layer of metallic film pattern for current supply, (ii) depositing a second layer film made of an electron emissive material onto the entire area of the substrate provided with the first layer, and thereafter subjecting the second layer film to a mesa etch by a photoetching process, to form a conical emitter on the first layer film, (iii) forming a third layer made of an insulating material, the third layer having a height substantially equal to the level of a tip portion of the emitter, (iv) forming a fourth layer of metallic film pattern as an accelerating electrode, and (v) etching the third layer, so as to expose the extremity of the emitter.

Abstract: A process or method for producing circuit boards by photo-etching characterized by exposing a first photo-sensitive layer applied to a conductive metal layer on the substrate, removing the unexposed portion of the photo-sensitive layer to expose portions of the metal conductive layer, applying a second metal layer of corrosion-resistant material on the exposed portions of the first metal layer, applying a second photo-sensitive layer, exposing the second photo-sensitive layer using the same mask with the width of the second unexposed pattern, which is an etch-resistant material, being greater than the width of the second metal layer, removing the exposed portions of the second photo-sensitive layer, and etching the first metal layer with a controlled under-etching of the second photo-sensitive layer up to the edges of the second metal layer and then removing the unexposed pattern of photo-sensitive material.

Abstract: A method of forming an iris diaphragm for use in a corpuscular beam apparatus and having a thin metal layer with at least one opening and an integral reinforcing portion of the same metal which is set back from each of the openings characterized by providing a substrate with the first mask leaving an unexposed surface of the configuration of the thin metal layer, applying a thin metal layer on the exposed surface, forming a second mask having configuration of the reinforcing portion of the iris diaphragm and including a portion covering the thin metal layer adjacent each opening, applying a second thicker layer of the same metal to form a reinforcing portion and subsequently removing the iris diaphragm from the surface of the substrate. Preferably, each of the masks are formed by a photo development process and the metal layers are applied by electro-depositing.

Abstract: A process for forming an embedded interconnection metallurgy system on a substrate by (1) forming a first layer of an organic thermosetting polymerized resin material on the substrate, (2) forming a second overlying layer of a material that is soluble in a solvent that does not appreciably affect the material of the first layer, (3) forming a third layer resistant to reactive ion etching in O.sub.2 on the second layer, (4) masking the third layer to define the pattern of the desired metallurgy, (5) removing the exposed areas of the third layer, (6) reactive ion etching the resultant exposed areas of the first and second layers, (7) depositing a conductive metal with a thickness approximately matching the thickness of the first layer, and (8) exposing the substrate to a solvent selective to the material of the second layer thereby removing it and the overlying portions of the conductive metal layer.

Abstract: A striped dichroic filter having a substrate with a surface. A first set of spaced parallel stripes capable of reflecting at least one color are carried by the surface. A second set of spaced parallel stripes capable of reflecting at least one different color different from said one color reflected by the first set of stripes is also carried by the surface. The first and second sets of stripes are disposed so that they are substantially parallel to each other and so that they are in abutting relationship with substantially no space or overlap between adjacent stripes. Third and additional sets of stripes for reflecting other colors may be provided.In the method for making the striped dichroic filter, a dual lift-off is used which utilizes both metal and resist lift-off techniques that are mutually exclusive.

Abstract: An original-treating agent to be used in the process for the diazo-type multi-color reproduction by which portions of a sensitive paper corresponding to preselected portions of an original can be colored selectively in different hues.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for practicing the method of forming a reduced size textured painting. The painting is prepared on a polystyrene substrate which has been previously heated and stretched substantially equally in two orthogonal directions, i.e., lengthwise and widthwise. After the stretching in the presence of heat, the substrate is cooled to room temperature and retains its stretched configuration. Acrylic or oil paint is then smoothly applied and the combination of paint and substrate is heated once again after the paint has dried. The heating shrinks the substrate back to its original, pre-stretched size, with the paint shrinking at a differential rate. As a result of the differential shrinking, the previously smooth paint assumes a textured surface on the now-shrunk substrate.

Abstract: A process of forming a visible textural surface on a decorative acoustical panel having a fibrous body portion is disclosed herein. This process includes coating an exterior surface of the body with a film of hardening liquid, distributing individual granules of particulate material generally uniformly over a substantial portion of the exterior surface to provide a granular texture to the surface, and coating the granules with a film of hardening liquid, which film is insufficient to eliminate the granular texture but which adheres the granules to the exterior surface. Thereafter a part of the surface on which the liquid coated granules are located is indented. These indentations extend from the exterior surface and penetrate partway into the panel body to cause the displacement of part of the surface, thereby forming wall portions. These wall portions include some of the granules.

Abstract: An improved method of defining a pattern in a layer of organic material includes depositing a relatively thin layer of silicon dioxide on the layer of organic material, applying to the silicon dioxide layer a film of primer solution comprising a silane derivative, and then forming a photoresist etch mask on the film. By utilizing an ultrasonic etch bath, a uniform and well-defined pattern is etched in the layer of organic material.

Abstract: A method of producing a hard wearing bearing surface on a component such as a cylinder or cylinder liner, by pressing an accurately screened hard powder in liquid medium into engagement with the surface and on a helical path, the pressure and powder size being such that oil retaining micro-grooves are formed and also that a great number of powder particles, which particles virtually constitute the bearing surface, are embedded.

Abstract: Costume jewelry is manufactured through photofabrication processes from flat metal sheets to form items such as earrings and small pendants. A standard photo-fabrication operation includes covering a metal sheet with a layer of photosensitive, chemically resistive material commonly referred to as a photoresist. Portions of the covered sheet are exposed to light to outline the earrings and pendants on the sheet. The sheet is then developed and the exosed metal surface portions are chemically etched to remove excess metal and form the earrings and pendants. Thereafter, surface treatments involve supplementary photofabrication operations to provide different colors and finishes on the earrings and pendants by etching, plating and staining the exposed metal surfaces, all of which are supplemented by the retention of portons of photoresist layers of selected colors.

Abstract: A method for making multilayer devices, such as magnetic bubble domain devices, which are comprised of a plurality of layers that are deposited using only a single critical masking step. A first metallic layer is deposited on a substrate including a magnetic bubble domain film, which may or may not have a nonmagnetic material thereon. A first resist layer is then applied, selectively exposed, and developed to expose at least two areas of the first metallic film. A thicker metallic layer is then deposited in the exposed areas, or is electroplated. After this, another resist layer is applied without deforming the pattern in the first layer, selectively exposed, and developed to protect certain areas of the thick metallic layer from subsequent formation of another metallic layer. During this subsequent formation, a second metallic film is formed using the first resist layer as a mask. After this, the resists are removed and the now uncovered portions of the original thin metallic layer are etched away.

Abstract: A process for forming an electrical resistance heater on a metal substrate. At least one layer of a composition of a polyamic acid or polyamide-imide polymer and a solvent therefor is applied to a surface of the substrate. The substrate and layer are heated to remove the solvent and to effect only partial curing of the polymer thereby to form a partially cured insulating layer. A composition of a mixture of a polyamic acid or polyamide-imide polymer, a solvent therefor and flakes of an electrical conductivity-modifying material is applied to the insulating layer thereby to form an overlying layer having an electrical conductivity substantially greater then that of the insulating layer. The substrate, insulating layer and overlying layer are thereafter heated for a period of time and at a temperature sufficient to at least partially cure the overlying layer.

Abstract: A method for preparing coatings, particularly imaged surfaces such as photoresists, printing plates, etc. which includes coating the surface of a substrate with a solid curable composition containing liquid polyene and solid styrene-allyl alcohol copolymer based polythiol components, curing the composition by exposing selected areas thereof to a free radical generating source, e.g. actinic radiation and removing, e.g., by dissolving, the uncured, unexposed areas of the curable composition to bare the underlying substrate. The solid polythiol is a reaction product of a copolymer of styrene-allyl alcohol and a mercaptocarboxylic acid, e.g. .beta.-mercaptopropionic acid.

Abstract: A process for producing a decorative surface covering wherein granular dryblend is deposited on a releasable carrier and heated to form a porous cohesive layer. Settable resinous inks are then applied to selected areas of the dryblend to form a design which may extend partially or completely through the layer to the bottom surface thereof which ultimately becomes the face of the surface covering. The ink may optionally be set by heat prior to or simultaneously with the subsequent application and gelling of a resinous back coating which may be reinforced by included or attached material to form a permanent carrier. The release carrier is then removed. A multi-level wear surface is achieved on the surface covering by removing the non-ink-containing portions of the dryblend either before or after the composite structure is turned over and heat is applied to fuse the remaining resinous material.

Abstract: This relates to a method of decorating a panel having a multi-level pattern of ridges and recesses on a major surface thereof. This patterned major surface is coated with a liquid pigmented material and is thereafter rollingly contacted under pressure with a roll having a resilient surface. The resilient roll picks up liquid pigmented material from the higher portions of the pattern while at the same time the pigmented material which has been picked up from the panel surface is continually removed or cleaned from the roll surface. Thereafter, the pigmented material which remains on the panel surface is at least partially dried or cured. In the preferred form of the invention the panel surface has a layer of paper integrally combined therewith, the paper having a printed surface thereon which complements the multi-level surface pattern of the panel.