Abstract: An aqueous paper-coating composition which essentially comprises a finely divided pigment and an emulsion copolymer of(a) from 30 to 80% by weight of C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylates or mixtures of C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylates and di-(C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -alkyl) maleates,(b) from 8 to 30% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid,(c) from 0 to 50% by weight of vinyl propionate, vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and/or vinyl .alpha.-branched C.sub.10 -monocarboxylate,(d) from 0 to 5% by weight of acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and/or acrylonitrile and(e) from 0 to 3% by weight of crosslinking monomers in the form of an aqueous dispersion, as the sole binder and thickener.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hard paper involves impregnating lengths of cellulose-containing material with plasticizer-containing mixture of a phenol-resol resin solution and cresol-resol resin solution according to a one-step method, subsequent drying, and then hardening of the resin-impregnated paper. The impregnating solution employed is a mixture of a 50-80% by weight phenol-resol resin solution with a 40-70% by weight cresol-resol resin solution, to which has been admixed, before impregnation, a plasticizer and additional water. The water is added in amounts of 4-12% by weight, based on the sum total weight of solid resins and plasticizer in the total solution mixture.

Abstract: A coated paper having a high paper gloss and a surface strength sufficient enough for practical purposes is obtained by coating a base paper sheet with an aqueous coating composition comprising a paper-coating pigment and a latex of styrene-butadiene copolymer or modified styrene-butadiene copolymer, the styrene block of which includes 8 to 40 monomeric units, drying the wet coated sheet, and subjecting the coated side to hot calendering treatment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coating both sides of a moving web, such as a paper web, with the same coating material on both sides by feeding the web downwardly between a rotating support roller and a coating blade directed against said roller. One side of the web is partially wrapped around said roller and a first excess of coating material intended for the web side facing said roller is applied to the roller before or at the point of contact between said web and the roller. A second excess of coating material is applied to the other side of the web by feeding the web through a dam of coating material arranged below said contact point--in the moving direction of the web--said dam being formed substantially between said coating blade and holder and the said other side of the web. The excess coating material is laterally expressed in said dam beneath the top level thereof.

Abstract: A coater for applying a coating material to both sides of a traveling web with the web passed over a back-up roll and a first coating such as sizing applied to the back-up roll surface in advance of a coating zone for transfer to the web at the coating zone and the second surface of the web being coated by a trailing blade coater applying pressure to the web urging it against the back-up roll.

Abstract: The present invention resides broadly in a method for the preparation of paper having improved water and/or solvent resistance which comprises applying to a base paper a plastic particle containing formulation, and then wetting the formed coating with a solvent to which the plastic particles are sensitive. The present invention is particularly applicable to the preparation of electrostatic paper masters of improved water resistance for lithographic printing having a photoconductive layer and a barrier coat to which the photoconductive layer is applied. The barrier coat contains a binding amount of a binder resin and filler at least a portion of which is an amount of said plastic particles sensitive to the solvent system of the photoconductive layer, the amount of plastic particles and sensitivity being sufficient to materially increase water resistance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for high speed application of sizing compositions in which there is a pair of oppositely rotating rolls forming a coating nip therebetween through which a paper web to be sized is directed. Sizing composition is delivered to the nip in sufficient quantity to form a pond of sizing composition above the nip. The invention is particularly concerned with reducing the effects of translational energy which is transmitted into the pond from the rolls by providing at least one flexible baffle member which extends into the pond on opposite sides of the paper web into proximity with the nip. The baffle member should be sufficiently long to absorb translational energy which would otherwise be absorbed by the pond of sizing material.

Abstract: A coated paper having high bulk, excellent gloss and low surface mottle is prepared by first coating the paper with an aqueous composition containing pigment and a thermoplastic binder. The paper is then initially dried at a temperature of up to about 20.degree. F. above the minimum film-forming temperature of the binder until the moisture content of the sheet reaches from about 8 to about 18% by weight. The drying temperature is then increased to further dry the paper, and the dry coated paper is then calendered.

Abstract: When a coating composition is applied to a web, the composition is applied in excess, and the excess is wiped off with the help of a portion of the web which has not yet been coated.

Abstract: Aqueous latex base binder of a synthetic polymer for preparing aqueous compositions for coating paper and board for printing, having improved wet and dry tear strength. The content in the latex of hydrosoluble compounds dissolved in the aqueous phase is less than 0.5% by weight in relation to the polymer.

Abstract: Dry finished coated paperboard is prepared with a smoothness and printability substantially equivalent to a comparable wet finished product, and without significant loss of bulk, with the addition of a plasticizing agent to the surface sizing formulation prior to calendering and before coating. The plasticizing agent preferably has a boiling point greater than water and is soluble in water. In addition, the surface size treatment is preferably applied with a blade, gateroll or like arrangement so that the plasticizing agent remains substantially on the surface of the paperboard with little or no penetration.

Abstract: A novel high-solids coating substance for coating paper and the like is provided. The coatings are in the form of solutions having pigment concentrations greater than 70%. The coatings provide high gloss and contain particles of calcium carbonate as substantially the only pigment.

Abstract: A froth coated paper substrate in which the froth coating may be densified by compression when applied as a frothed resinous emulsion to improve opacity and ink-holdout of the substrate, or applied as a frothed surface size when the coating is a frothed admixture of a resin emulsion and a starch solution, or a frothed starch solution.

Abstract: A traveling web coater for applying a smooth uniform layer of liquid coating of controlled weight onto the surface of a traveling web including a gate coater having a plurality of gate rolls for metering and applying coating to a traveling web supported on a backing roll with an air knife positioned to direct air onto the web downstream from the gate rolls and to essentially smooth the coating removing a minimum amount of the coating which has been accurately metered by the gate rolls.

Abstract: A cast coated paper which has the 20.degree. reflection gloss of 15% or more and good ink receptivity is produced by applying to a paper an aqueous coating color containing satin white in an amount of 5 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of pigments including the satin white, and a polymer latex having a Tg more than 45.degree. C. in an amount of 5 to 40 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight of the pigments including the satin white.

Abstract: A novel clay pigment, the manufacture thereof and the use of the pigment in the production of dull and matte-finish coated printing papers. The novel clay pigment comprises a mixture of a coarse-size fraction of naturally-occurring kaolin clay containing a substantial proportion of kaolinite booklets in the particle size range of 2 to 5 .mu.m equivalent spherical diameter (e.s.d.) and mechanically delaminated kaolin platelets in the particle size range of 2 to 10 .mu.m e.s.d.

Abstract: Melt extrudable polypropylene-polystyrene compositions are provided which are particularly suitable for use in extrusion coating. Substrates coated with such compositions as well as methods of producing such coated substrates are also provided.

Abstract: There is disclosed a cellulosic material such as paper or paperboard surface-sized with an aqueous dispersion of a combination of degraded starch or a starch derivative and a branched-chain, water-dispersible polyester condensation product. Said polyester is derived from the reaction of a dicarboxylic reactant, a diol or polyoxyalkylene glycol, and a phosphorus acid reactant wherein said polyester has a carboxylic acid number of about 5 to about 15 and an average molecular weight of about 4,000 to about 11,000. Mixtures of said starch and said polyester when used to surface-size cellulosic materials impart water resistance thereto.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the preparation of a manifold sheet having a relatively smooth, curl-free coating of a reactive composition on one side of a manifold sheet and a relatively smooth curl-free coating of rupturable encapsulated material on the opposite side of the manifold sheet, wherein the coatings are applied simultaneously to both sides of the manifold sheet in a single coating pass and without the application of pressure for smoothing either of the coatings.

Abstract: The combination of a thermoplastic polymer and a thermosetting polymer, provides a pigment system for producing coated printing papers. The thermoplastic polymer and thermosetting polymer, suspended in well-known coating binders and carriers, is applied to the web substrate on a standard paper machine. The amount of thermoset, preferably at least about 25% by weight of the pigment solids, improves ink receptivity and allows adjustable control of finished paper gloss. The amount of thermoset added to the pigment system is limited, however, preferably below about 75% by weight of the pigment solids, so that the finished printing paper obtains a Gardner 75.degree. gloss of at least about 40, at calendering pressures of less than 500 PLI.

Abstract: A process for treating a clay mineral of the kandite group comprising forming a fluid aqueous suspension of the clay mineral, the suspension having a solids content in the range of from 60% to 75% by weight and a pH in the range of from 7.0 to 11.0 and the suspension containing a dispersing agent to deflocculate the clay mineral; and treating the fluid suspension of clay containing the dispersing agent with a water-soluble reducing bleaching agent under alkaline pH conditions for a time sufficient to give the desired improvement in brightness of the clay. Preferably, the clay mineral suspension is subjected to a particle size separation process at said solids content to reduce the percentage of particles larger than 10.mu.m to not more than 3% by weight. Advantageously, the viscosity of the clay mineral suspension during the particle size separation process is below 2 poise.

Abstract: Condensation products of .epsilon.-caprolactam, formaldehyde and formamide, especially N-(formylaminomethyl)-.epsilon.-caprolactam and N-(N'-formyl-N'-hydroxymethyl-aminomethyl)-.epsilon.-caprolactam, are prepared by reacting formamide and formaldehyde in the presence of a base and in the presence or absence of .epsilon.-caprolactam at temperatures of 70.degree. to 90.degree. C. for 4 to 15 hours, then acidifying the reaction batch and, if no .epsilon.-caprolactam is present, adding .epsilon.-caprolactam, and distilling off water at 100.degree. to 135.degree. C.The condensation products are valuable modifiers for use in the manufacture of aminoplast resins employed for impregnating paper and fabrics which are used for the manufacture of coated wood-based materials and laminates.

Abstract: A method of reducing the number or amount of chemical additives normally incorporated into paper pulp furnish before transferring the latter to the continuous wire mesh of a papermaking machine in the manufacture of paper sheet involves the use of a hydrolyzed proteinaceous foam which does not appreciably affect the degree of sizing of the finished paper sheet. The use of such foam in paper manufacture can render unnecessary the chemical treatment of effluent from the papermaking machine which is normally required to avoid environmental pollution.

Abstract: In the process for producing a refined kaolin clay pigment by forming a crude kaolin clay into an aqueous slurry, performing a particle size classification, and subjecting the slurry to reductive bleaching with an alkali metal hydrosulfite; a method is disclosed for reducing the viscosity of a slurried product including the refined pigment, which method comprises adding a source of barium ion to the said bleached slurry, to thereby precipitate at least the sulfate ion present in that slurry from oxidation of the hydrosulfite ion during the bleaching step. The barium ion may be derived, e.g., from barium carbonate, which is added while the slurry preferably includes at least a 50% solids content by weight. The bleached slurry may be one which has been partially purified by an initial flotation, and which includes at least 99% by weight of particles less than 5 microns E.S.D., with substantially 100% by weight of the particles having an E.S.D. less than 10 microns.

Abstract: Heat activated, fabric conditioning products are made by impregnating a thick, absorbent substrate with fabric-conditioner chemicals. Such products are designed for use at elevated temperatures encountered in laundry dryers. This invention provides a process for impregnating the substrate with liquid fabric conditioning chemicals. By limiting the volume of impregnate in contact with the substrate during compression of the substrate in a nip, precise control is obtained over both the quantity of impregnate and the uniformity of the impregnate in the substrate. It is critical that the volume of impregnate available at the nip be limited to a volume equal to or less than the apparent void volume of the substrate when compressed to a thickness equal to the nip gap.

Abstract: The process of producing a porous, smooth, easy finishing coated paper utilizing high solids water-based coating compositions (e.g. 68-73% solids) having certain rheological and viscosity characteristics in blade coating apparatus on paper webs moving at speeds above 500 feet per minute (e.g. moving at 1500 to 3500 feet per minute). The coating compositions are substantially free of protein adhesives and contain clay as a coating pigment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coating at least one face of a moving web, such as a paper web, in which the web is fed longitudinally at a speed in excess of 400 meters per minute between a movable support and a blade forming, with the movable support, a nip. The blade has a bevel at the point of contact with the web, and an excess of coating material is applied at one side of the web in the nip, the coating material having a dryness content exceeding 60% and/or a viscosity exceeding 1500 cp. The angle of the blade is controlled so that it extends at most 20.degree. to the web and the bevel width, as measured in the direction of movement of the web, is at most 0.05 centimeters. Preferably, the blades are urged against the web with a force not exceeding 2 kgf per centimeter width of web.

Abstract: Adhesion between extruded polyethylene film and a substrate consisting of paper or paper lined metal foil is improved when the substrate and film are pressed together by passing through rollers which also cool the film to below its softening temperature, wherein at least one of said rolls which is brought into contact with the polyethylene coating is moistened on its rolling surface with a liquid having a critical surface tension below 73 dyne/cm, a boiling point below 100.degree. C and consisting of a mixture of water and between 10% and 50% ethyl alcohol.

Abstract: Substrate such as relatively porous, low thermally conductive materials are coated with molten lead, lead-base alloys, zinc, zinc-base alloys, tin, tin-base alloys, cadmium, cadmium-base alloys, aluminum, aluminum-base alloys and the like by spreading the molten metal by means of a low thermally conductive roll to provide products useful in sound attenuation, moisture and corrosion proofing and radiation shielding.

Abstract: The continuously fed paper sheet is subjected to the successive steps of coating an acceptor composition at its one side, drying, calendering with a calender comprising a metal roll and an elastic roll having a Shore hardness within the range of 65 to 90, further coating a color former composition on the other side and further drying. The continuously fed paper sheet may be subjected to a cylinder ironing treatment between the first drying step and the calendering step.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coating both faces of a moving web, such as a paper web, in which the web is fed longitudinally at a speed in excess of 300 meters per minute, between a rotating support roller and a blade, the blade having a bevel at the point of contact with the web. Coating material is fed into the nip between the roller and the web to coat the paper web on both faces. The angle which the blade forms with is chosen to be not greater than 20.degree. and the bevel width, as measured in the direction of movement of the web, is at most 0.15 centimeters. Preferably the blade is urged against the web with a force not exceeding 0.20 kgf per centimeter width of web.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coating both faces of a moving web, such as a paper web in which the web is fed longitudinally at a speed in excess of 200 meters per minute and a coating material is applied to each face of the web, and is smoothed out by means of two blades, one on each face of the web. The blades are formed with a bevel at the point of contact with the web, the width of this bevel measured in the direction of movement of the web is at most 0.08 centimeters and the angle of the blade with respect to the web is less than 25.degree.. Preferably the blades are urged against the web with a force not exceeding 0.20 kgf. per centimeter width of web.

Abstract: Rigid-when-wet, but foldable, corrugated paperboard and process of making same by applying phenolic resin to contiguous surfaces of the outer liner, the medium, and the inner liner without substantially altering the hygroscopicity of the exposed faces of the liners, and adhering the three components together before the resin is cured.

Abstract: A laminar board having a base of bonded wood particles carrying a decorat facing is produced by sequentially moving a carrier web through a loading zone and a press zone. The carrier web consists essentially of paper impregnated with a synthetic resin composition and having a permeability to water vapor of at least 1000 g/m.sup.2 /day. A layer of loose wood particles intimately mixed with a bonding agent is superimposed on the carrier web in the loading zone, and the resulting layered material is subjected in the press zone to a temperature and pressure sufficient to bond the loose particles to each other by the bonding agent in a dense structure and simultaneously to bond the particles to the carrier web by the bonding agent and/or the synthetic resin composition.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for coating a substrate or web with a plastic material. A liquid plastisol coating is applied to the web and the coated web is then passed between a put-on roll and a heat drum, which heats and cures the plastisol. The put-on roll is pressed against the heat drum to compress the coated web. The plastisol is partially cured to gelation while being compressed by the put-on roll, and the curing of the plastisol is completed during further travel of the web around the heat drum.

Abstract: A coated paper having high gloss and high bulk and a method for producing the paper wherein a high-solids coating is applied to the paper and pressed against a heated finishing surface.

Abstract: A dense paper comprising a web of cellulosic fibers and an impregnant dispersed throughout the web, the impregnant consisting essentially of a blend of a rigid polymeric material and an inorganic filler, in stated proportions, with the impregnant constituting a minor portion of the finished weight of the paper. A process for producing the paper is disclosed.

Abstract: The printability characteristics of gloss calendered paper coated on one side only is improved by moistening the uncoated side of the paper prior to gloss calendering the paper. Enough liquid must be applied to the uncoated side to raise the overall moisture content to at last about 8.5% and preferably to about 10% or more. The paper is gloss calendered while still wet and before appreciable amounts of the added liquid can migrate to the coated side of the paper. Thus a localized zone of high moisture content is provided at the uncoated side of the paper during the calendering. Under such conditions the gloss calendering produces a paper whose printability characteristics, especially its print smoothness, are better than conventional gloss calendered paper and, under preferred operating conditions, approach or equal those of conventional supercalendered paper.

Abstract: A coated paper having a finished surface of improved printability and glueability is produced by applying the coating to a paper web, drying the coated web and passing the dried coated web through a pressure nip in contact with a heated finishing drum. The coating contains an all-synthetic, thermoplastic resin binder and a very small amount of release agent.

Abstract: A laminated decorative sheet is prepared by applying a coating layer consisting of a thermo-setting resin composition on a base paper for a decorative laminate which has been prepared by incorporating a composition the whole or a major part of which is composed of a synthetic rubber and/or a thermo-plastic synthetic resin substance into the base paper during the paper making thereof or by impregnating the base paper with the thermo-plastic synthetic resin composition or with the mixture thereof; or alternatively is prepared by laminating another base paper for a decorative laminate which has been impregnated with the thermosetting resin composition on the above mentioned base paper containing the thermo-plastic synthetic resin composition, and the thus prepared layers are laminated under heat and pressure to form a laminated decorative sheet having smooth surface which is subjected to emboss-processing under a heating condition of at least 100.degree.