Abstract: The present invention regards a composite material for ballistic protection comprising a ballistic fabric substrate having at least one surface provided with a polymer coating obtainable through foaming and subsequent polymerisation of a mixture comprising an acrylic resin and a polyurethane resin. The present invention further regards the method for preparing such composite material, as well as a laminated multilayer system, a packet for ballistic protection and an article for ballistic protection comprising such composite material.

Abstract: A simple coating method is used to form nanoporous hydrophobic films that can be used as optical coatings. The method uses evaporation-induced self-assembly of materials. The coating method starts with a homogeneous solution comprising a hydrophobic polymer and a surfactant polymer in a selective solvent. The solution is coated onto a substrate. The surfactant polymer forms micelles with the hydrophobic polymer residing in the particle core when the coating is dried. The surfactant polymer can be dissolved and selectively removed from the separated phases by washing with a polar solvent to form the nanoporous hydrophobic film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a porous epoxy network, especially a porous epoxy membrane. The process according the present invention comprises the steps of: providing a reactant solution comprising an epoxy resin, a solvent and a curing agent; performing a first curing process to transform the reactant solution to a gel; and performing a second curing process to essentially remove the remaining solvent and transform the gel to form a porous epoxy network with open pores; wherein the curing agent is a tertiary amine.

Abstract: The present invention provides microporous polymers and methods for producing and using the same. In particular, microporous polymers of the present invention are highly porous as indicated by a Gurley air permeability flow rate of about 4 seconds or less per mL of air flow per 25 micron of microporous polymer thickness per square inch.

Abstract: After a second liquid is applied to a support and dried, a first liquid is applied thereon. On a film of the first liquid, a third liquid (water) is supplied in droplets using an inkjet-type liquid supply unit. An area supplied with the droplets is referred to as porous area. Next, an organic solvent is evaporated from the film and the droplets are evaporated from the porous area. Thus, a porous film is obtained. The porous film has the porous areas in which a plurality of pores are arranged. Since the droplets are directly formed by an inkjet printing method, a condensation process and a droplet growing process are unnecessary. Thus, the porous film is produced efficiently. Shapes of the porous areas can be changed easily. The porous areas can be formed on the porous film in various patterns.

Abstract: A process for foaming ceramic foams, in which the ceramic foams are produced from a precursor or a mixture of precursors which contain at least one ceramic-forming element and liberates at least one volatile reaction product during an inorganic gelation process. In one embodiment, foaming is based on a precursor containing crystals of the AlCl3(Pri2O) complex. The decomposition of the initial precursor produces polymerizing species dissolved in liquid isopropyl chloride. The solvent and growing AlOxCly(OPri)z species are mixed homogeneously so that the boiling point of the solution is raised above the boiling point of the pure isopropyl chloride. Polymerization takes place in the liquid until a critical polymer size is attained, whereupon a phase separation into polymer rich and solvent rich regions occurs. Since the expelled solvent is suddenly above its boiling point, bubbles start forming instantly.

Abstract: To provide a process capable of producing a light-weight rigid open-cell foam by a spraying method using mainly or solely water as a blowing agent, wherein a polyol system liquid is excellent in storage stability even when the blowing agent is used in a large amount, and the foam is excellent in dimensional stability without sagging and capable of forming a uniform thermal insulation layer having an excellent appearance for the purpose of constructing a whole constructions.

Abstract: Processes for printing conductors, insulators, dielectrics, phosphors, emitters, and other elements containing elongated functional particles aligned along the axis of a spun fiber or film that can be for electronics and display applications are provided. Also provided are viscoelastic compositions used in the processes, and devices made therefrom.

Abstract: A composite structure includes a substrate with pores of a first mean pore size and a coating on at least one surface of that substrate. This coating has pores of a second mean pore size where the first mean pore size is equal to or greater than said second mean pore size. When the pore size of the coating is effective to capture particulate greater than 0.2 micron, the composite may be formed into a filter effective to remove microbes from a fluid medium. One method to form the porous coating on the substrate includes: (1) forming a suspension of sinterable particles in a carrier fluid and containing the suspension in a reservoir; (2) maintaining the suspension by agitation; (3) transferring the suspension to an ultrasonic spray nozzle; (4) applying a first coating of the suspension to the substrate; and (5) sintering the sinterable particles to the substrate.

Abstract: An automobile wallpaper, and an exterior surface finishing agent for the door trim, seats, and so on, of automobiles, as well as its manufacturing method. To manufacture such automobile wallpaper, a printing process is performed on the surface of a surface material which is currently being used, in order to render a three-dimensional effect to the surface, so as to achieve various luxurious appearances. The three-dimensional effect of the printing is maintained even during the molding process, and it also possesses excellent properties relative to sound absorbency, due to the three-dimensional effect of the surface.

Abstract: Described is a process for coating at least part of a surface of a support with a porous metal-organic framework comprising at least one at least bidentate organic compound coordinated to at least one metal ion, which process comprises the steps (a) spraying of the at least one part of the support surface with a first solution comprising the at least one metal ion; (b) spraying of the at least one part of the support surface with a second solution comprising the at least one at least bidentate organic compound, wherein step (b) is carried out before, after or simultaneously with step (a), to form a layer of the porous metal-organic framework.

Abstract: An embodiment of a superhydrophilic nanostructure includes nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are formed into porous clusters. The porous clusters are formed into aggregate clusters. An embodiment of an article of manufacture includes the superhydrophilic nanostructure on a substrate. An embodiment of a method of fabricating a superhydrophilic nanostructure includes applying a solution that includes nanoparticles to a substrate. The substrate is heated to form aggregate clusters of porous clusters of the nanoparticles.

Abstract: A low density abradable coating for use as a seal material is formed by depositing a metal bond coat followed by depositing a low density, porous, abradable metal seal layer on the bond coat. The seal layer is formed by co-depositing metallic sponge particles and metal precursor particles. The metal precursor particles decompose during heat treatment leaving fine pores distributed throughout the microstructure.

Abstract: This invention provides a waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric which prevents to lower in a water pressure resistance, repetitively washed. The waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric consists of a body of a fabric and a microporous film of mainly polyurethane which is laid on the body. The microporous film contains 1 to 9 mass % of fluorinated water repellent agent, 0.1 to 2 mass % of oil-soluble fluorinated surfactant and if necessary 3 to 45 mass % of fine silica powders. The waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric is obtained by the following method. After coating a resin compound on the surface of the body, the resin compound is dipped in a coagulating bath to form the microporous film. The resin compound dissolves or disperses mainly polyurethane, 1 to 9 mass % of fluorinated water repellent agent, 0.1 to 2 mass % of oil-soluble fluorinated surfactant and if necessary 3 to 45 mass % of fine silica powders in N,N-dimethylformamide.

Abstract: A method to prepare a flexible and breathable protective glove having excellent grip in both aqueous and oil environments includes coating an electrolyte treated glove liner substrate with a non-foamed dispersion of a polymeric material. The resulting semi-gelled polymeric coating which partially penetrates the depth of the glove liner substrate, is treated with a foamed solution of a surfactant, tenside or aerosol solution and the foam treated coating is overcoated with an electrolyte solution. In a resulting chemical or physical reaction, fine pores and cavities are formed in and on the polymer coating.

Abstract: A composite laminate is formed from a structural foam and a reinforcement layer. The matched surface tensions of the structural foam and reinforcement layer result in increased bond strength between the structural foam and the reinforcement layer, thus providing for improved physical characteristics including improved lap shear and flexural strength.

Abstract: A formulation to prepare a low- to medium-index (1 to 2.5) polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam includes from 20 to 60 percent by weight of a formulated polyol comprising an aromatic polyester polyol having a functionality greater than or equal to 2 and a hydroxyl number greater than about 50 mg KOH/g; from 10 to 30 percent by weight of a Novolac-type polyol; and from 5 to 40 percent by weight of a sucrose- or sorbitol-initiated polyether polyol having a hydroxyl number greater than about 200 mg KOH/g and a functionality of at least about 4. The foams may exhibit improved processability, resulting in, for example, reduced shrinkage and deformation in sandwich panels, and improved fire behavior as tested according to German Standard DIN 4102.

Abstract: A method for producing a building board. The method includes applying synthetic-resin layers to the top side and/or the bottom side of a support board made of a wood material or a mixture of wood material and plastic. The layered structure is compressed under the impact of pressure and temperature. At least one of the synthetic-resin layers expands during compressing.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novel halogenated flame retardant formulations that effectively flame retard textiles at low binder and/or the flame retardant synergist contents, novel modes of application thereof on textiles, and flame-retarded textile fibers and fabrics which are treated by these formulations.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a body structure for a door or other furniture is provided. A skeletal framework is placed on an uncured artificial stone mix deposited on a release sheet placed on a surface. Liquid structural foam is introduced within the skeletal framework. The skeletal framework is wrapped with the release sheet comprising the uncured artificial stone mix such that the skeletal framework is completely covered with the uncured artificial stone mix. The wrapped skeletal framework is placed in a chamber of a defined volume. The uncured artificial stone mix is compressed by the expanding liquid structural foam and conforms to the internal shape of the chamber. The foaming action generates heat that accelerates curing of the uncured artificial stone mix to create an outer cured artificial stone skin of the body structure. After removal from the chamber, the release sheet is separated and the body structure is polished.

Abstract: Provided is a coating method, including the steps of: applying a coating composition including inorganic fine particles and fluororesin particles in an aqueous medium onto a material to be coated; drying the coating composition on the material to be coated to remove the aqueous medium, thereby forming a porous film formed of the inorganic fine particles, the porous film having the fluororesin particles therein and having voids; and applying one or more water-soluble substances selected from the group consisting of a water-soluble surfactant and a water-soluble polymer onto the porous film, thereby filling the one or more water-soluble substances in the voids of the porous film. According to the coating method, there can be formed a coated article having a coating film which exhibits the excellent effect for inhibiting the attachment of oil stains for a long period and from which, even if oil stains are attached, the oil stains can be easily removed by wiping or washing with water.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyurethane carpet backings uses a filled polyurethane-forming composition that contains a mixture of certain metal acetylacetonate and sulfur-containing organotin catalysts. The mixture of catalysts is particularly beneficial in instances where the composition is processed at temperatures of above 30 to about 500 C, as long pot life is provided together with a rapid thermally-induced cure.

Abstract: To provide an agricultural film which has high transparency and which has a coating film formed with excellent abrasion resistance (adhesion), hydrophilicity (anti-fogging, wettability and anti-fouling) and hydrophilic durability. An agricultural film 10 comprising a base material film 12 and a porous hydrophilic coating film 14 formed on the base material film 12. The hydrophilic coating film 14 contains boehmite particles, silica particles and a binder, wherein (a) the atomic ratio of Al to Si (Al/Si) is from 0.2 to 5.0, (b) the average particle diameter of the silica particles is from 5 to 50 nm, and (c) the crystallite diameter of the boehmite particles, as calculated from the diffraction peak of the (120) plane is from 20 to 50 nm. The hydrophilic coating film 14 is formed by applying a composition comprising boehmite particles, silica particles, a binder and water, on a surface of a base material film, followed by drying.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a porous epoxy network, especially a porous epoxy membrane. The process according the present invention comprises the steps of: providing a reactant solution comprising an epoxy resin, a solvent and a curing agent; performing a first curing process to transform the reactant solution to a gel; and performing a second curing process to essentially remove the remaining solvent and transform the gel to form a porous epoxy network with open pores; wherein the curing agent is a tertiary amine.

Abstract: Organosilicate materials and methods for preparing organosilicate materials, including organosilicate films are provided. The organosilicate materials are hydrophobic, amorphous, and substantially microporous. These materials are prepared from organo-functional hydrolysable silane precursors and are prepared without the use of porogens. These materials are suitable for a wide range of uses, including as detection layers for sensing applications.

Abstract: A composite solid surface article includes a surface layer with at least one first polymeric resin and a filler, and a backing layer on the surface layer with at least one second polymeric resin and wood particles.

Abstract: Methods of forming hybrid aerogels are described. The methods include forming a hybrid aerogel from a metal oxide precursor and a branched telechelic copolymer, e.g., co-hydrolyzing and co-condensing the metal oxide precursor and the branched telechelic copolymer. Aerogels and aerogel articles, including hydrophobic aerogels and hydrophobic aerogel articles are also described.

Abstract: A method of surface sealing a porous fibrous substrate is provided. According to the method, a porous fibrous substrate possessing a moisture content and a surface with pores is provided. A sealant composition is applied to a surface of the porous fibrous substrate and permitted to penetrate the surface pores of the porous fibrous substrate and undergo cure while participating in a foaming reaction with the moisture content to establish a water-resistant polymeric foam sealant impregnated into the porous fibrous substrate. The water-resistant polymeric foam sealant contains a polyurethane and/or polyurea.

Abstract: A delivery assembly for depositing a gasket made of polymeric material within a seat having a predefined shape provided within a product, which comprises at least one working head provided with a nozzle for dispensing the polymeric material substantially in the liquid state. An increase in volume is associated with the polymeric material at the phase transition from liquid to solid; the expanded gasket, due to the increase in volume, defines by interference a stable coupling with the seat.

Abstract: The present invention relates to printing blankets, pipe liners, conveyor belts, inflatable articles, collapsible containers, protective clothing, and other types of coated fabrics that are manufactured with a thermoplastic block copolymer (TBC). This TBC can be a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), a copolyester (COPE), a copolyamide (COPA) or a polyurethaneurea (TPUU). The subject invention more specifically discloses a printing blanket or printing sleeve and a cured in place liner for a passageway or pipe. The TBC is (I) the reaction product of (1) a hydrophobic polyol or polyamine, (2) a polyisocyanate or an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, and (3) a linear chain extender containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or (II) the reaction product of (1) a hydrophobic polyol or polyamine, and (2) a carboxylic terminated telechelic polyamide sequence.

Abstract: A hydrophobic liquid containing a dispersion medium and fine particles is prepared. The fine particles have insolubility of a certain level in a predetermined liquid having a hydrophobic character. The hydrophobic liquid is applied to a support to be a film thereon. Wet gas is blown to the film. Water vapor is condensed from ambient air on a surface of the film to generate water drops thereon. A dispersion medium evaporating gas is blown to the film, such that the dispersion medium is evaporated from the film. A water drop evaporating gas is blown to the film, such that the water drops are evaporated from the film. Accordingly, the water drops function as the template for forming pores, such that the pores are formed on a micro protrusion-depression structure constituted by the fine particles.

Abstract: A composition for the production of an antireflection coating, comprising a condensate obtainable by the condensation of silicon compounds of the general formula RnSiX4-n (I) in which the X groups are the same or different and represent hydrolyzable groups or hydroxyl groups, the R groups are the same or different and represent non-hydrolyzable groups, and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3, wherein the composition comprises at least one polymeric agent controlling the rheology and at least one solvent with a boiling point of at least 150° C. The present invention also describes methods for the preparation and use of the present composition. In particular, the composition can be applied by screen printing methods on substrates.

Abstract: A method of forming a seal includes preparing a froth from a one component polyurethane precursor, applying the froth to a surface of an article, and simultaneously applying water with the froth, the froth curing to form a gasket having a density not greater than 350 kg/m3 bonded to the article.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel capsules containing active materials and methods for making capsules with enhanced performance and stability. The capsules are well suited for use in personal care applications, laundry products and perfume and fragrance products.

Abstract: A method of forming a printed image on an image receiving element is disclosed, comprising: providing an image receiving element comprising at least one activatable stiffening and/or thickening layer which comprises a polymer matrix and an activatable material; printing an image over a designated area of said image receiving element, and substantially uniformly and non-imagewise activating said activatable stiffening and/or thickening layer over the designated area of said image receiving element after step (b) to produce a printed image receiving element with an activated stiffened and/or thickened layer.

Abstract: Method and device for ensuring high yields during spraying of a settable slurry composition. The slurry is conveyed through a length of hose to a nozzle spray-orifice, and a set accelerator is introduced into the slurry at a distance “D” from the nozzle spray-orifice. The level of accelerator is monitored using a sensor located in the slurry path at a point after the set accelerator is injected. A preferred sensor comprises two pairs of conductivity sensors each having an annular body with a bore corresponding to the diameter of the hose or nozzle bore. Voltage of the slurry can be correlated to yields obtained when a salt-based accelerator fluid is injected into the slurry, such that levels of accelerator can be finely adjusted, and consistently high yields of spray coatings can be achieved.

Abstract: In a method for making extensible artificial leather, a substrate is supported on in-extensible woven cloth and firmly located on a coating machine. A highly solid-containing water-based polyurethane resin is coated on the substrate to form a middle layer with tiny open cells. The middle layer is dried, and the woven cloth is removed from the substrate. A superficial layer of polyurethane is attached to the middle layer in a dry process so that the extensible artificial leather is made with excellent strength against peeling, abrasion and dissolution.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there are image forming apparatuses, fusing subsystems, and methods of making a member of the fusing subsystems. The method of making a member of a fusing subsystem can include providing a fuser member, the fuser member including a substrate and providing a dispersion including a plurality of carbon nanotubes, a stabilizer, a hydrophobic polymer, and a solvent, wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes is selected from the group consisting of single wall carbon nanotubes and multiple wall carbon nanotubes. The method can also include applying the dispersion over the substrate to form a coated substrate and heating the coated substrate to form a hydrophobic composite coating such that a top surface of the fuser member has a water contact angle of at least about 120°.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a composite semipermeable membrane excellent in water permeability and salt-blocking rate, and including an extremely small amount of unreacted polyfunctional amine components in the membrane, and at providing a process for producing the composite semipermeable membrane. A composite semipermeable membrane having a skin layer formed on the surface of a porous support, the skin layer comprising a polyamide resin obtained by interfacial polymerization of a polyfunctional amine component and a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein the content of an unreacted polyfunctional amine component is 200 mg/m2 or less after formation of the skin layer and before a membrane washing treatment, and the content of the unreacted polyfunctional amine component after the membrane washing treatment is 20 mg/m2 or less.

Abstract: A composite product is formed from a honeycomb panel having an array of hexagonal tubular cells which clamped between two press plates where a layer of a foaming agent is applied to only the bottom press plate such that the foaming agent expands into the cells. An array of grooves is provided in the top press plate and connected at one or both edges of the plate to a source of vacuum so as to draw air through the grooves and cells. A sheet of a polyethylene material having the characteristics that it is permeable to air, substantially impermeable to liquid and resistant to bonding to the foam is applied onto the press plate to prevent the foam entering the grooves and bonding to the press plate while allowing the air to be drawn from the cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substrate (1) coated with a porous coating (2), to the processes for manufacturing the coating, and to its applications. The porous coating (2) is essentially mineral and of the sol-gel type, having a series of closed pores with at least the smallest characteristic dimension being, on average, equal to or greater than 20 nm but less than or equal to 100 nm.

Abstract: A solution containing a polymer and a solvent is discharged onto a surface of a polymer film to form a coating film. When a thickness of the coating film is a critical thickness or less, dewetting of the solution occurs on the surface, and the coating film becomes a dewetting material having dewetting pores. Wet air is blown to a surface of the dewetting material. The solvent is evaporated from the dewetting material. Water vapor is condensed from ambient air on the surface of the dewetting material to generate water drops. Dry air is blown to the surface of the dewetting material. The solvent and the water drops are evaporated from the dewetting material. Thereby, it is possible to produce a porous material whose surface includes first pores as the dewetting pores formed by the dewetting of the solution and the second pores formed by the water drops as a template for the porous material.

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating a porous elastomer, the method comprising the steps of: providing a predetermined amount of a liquid elastomer and a predetermined amount of a porogen; mixing the liquid elastomer and the porogen in vacuum until a homogenous emulsion without phase separation is formed; curing the homogenous emulsion until polymerizations of the emulsion is reached, thereby forming a cured emulsion; and removing the porogen from the cured emulsion. The method can advantageously be used for forming biocompatible porous elastomers and biocompatible porous membranes.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a metal-containing apparatus including a substrate member constructed of a metal that is highly resistant to pitting corrosion and wear in aggressive media. An exemplary metal-containing apparatus is a plate heat exchanger. The metal includes an oxidation layer on the surface thereof and a thin metal oxide nanoporous film on top of the oxidation layer. The nanoporous film is highly compliant and is comprised of oxygen and aluminum, titanium, silicon, zirconium and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method for inexpensively and easily manufacturing a polishing pad of excellent durability and polishing speed stability includes preparing a cell dispersed urethane composition by mechanical foaming, applying the cell dispersed urethane composition onto a base material layer, forming a polyurethane foamed layer having roughly spherical interconnected cells by curing the cell dispersed urethane composition, and regulating the thickness of the polyurethane foamed layer uniformly.

Abstract: A method for preparing carpet by using polyurethane to anneal secondary backing to a greige, comprising fibers attached to a primary backing. The polyurethane monomers are mixed just prior to application to the greige primary backing allowing the relatively low viscosity polyurethane to penetrate the fibers of the primary backing to aid in fiber lock. The polyurethane is puddle between two rollers that coat a layer of polyurethane onto the greige. The polyurethane coated greige is then contacted with the secondary backing before complete polymerization to insure sufficient tack to hold the backings together resulting in a durable carpet requiring a relatively low weight of polyurethane monomers.

Abstract: A method for the production of a breathable multilayer synthetic leather with a backing layer of a textile sheet, at least one intermediate layer applied to the backing layer and based on an at least to some extent open-cell whipped polyurethane foam and, applied full-surface to the at least one intermediate layer, an outer layer based on a polyurethane.

Abstract: A second liquid is applied to a support and dried to form a middle layer. Then, a first liquid is applied to the middle layer. A third liquid is applied to a film of the first liquid using an inkjet type liquid supply unit to form a porous area. The first and third liquids differ in interfacial tension against water. Moist air is supplied to the porous area to cause condensation. In a third chamber, the condensation grows into large droplets, and a solvent is evaporated from the film. Thereafter, the droplets are evaporated from the porous area. Thus, a porous film in which a plurality of pores are arranged is produced. Since the porous area is formed by inkjet printing method, size, shape, and conditions of the porous area is easily changed.

Abstract: Three dimensional anti-reflection porous films or coated substrates and method for forming the films or coated substrates are disclosed, where the films or coatings have optical transmittances of at least 86% or a reflectance of at most 4%. The 3D anti-reflection porous film or coating compositions (a) one polymer or a plurality of network polymers, (b) one particles and/or a plurality particles, (c) optionally one crosslinking agent or a plurality of crosslinking agents, (d) optionally one oligomer or a plurality of oligomers, (e) optionally one polymerized monomer or a plurality of polymerized monomers, and (f) optionally void spaces, where the composition has a transmittance value of at least 86% or a reflectance value of at most 4%.

Abstract: A part containing magnesium is coated by wetting the part with a polymer solution that contains polyetherimide and a solvent to provide a wetted part; and drying the wetted part to form a coating layer on the part. The corrosion rate of a biocomponent made of magnesium or a magnesium alloy is controlled by forming a coating layer on the biocomponent according to a method described herein, wherein the coating layer has a porosity that provides a corresponding corrosion rate.