Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a photo-alignment copolymer which makes it possible to produce a photo-alignment film having excellent solvent resistance and liquid crystal aligning properties, and a photo-alignment film and an optical laminate produced using the photo-alignment copolymer. A photo-alignment copolymer of the invention is a photo-alignment copolymer having a repeating unit A including a photo-alignment group represented by Formula (A) and a repeating unit B including a crosslinkable group represented by Formula (B).

Abstract: The present application discloses an adhesive composition comprising a polymer of the formulae A, B and C: and methods for using the adhesive composition. wherein x and y define the block polymer and are integer greater than 1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which flicker and image sticking caused by long-term use are suppressed.

Abstract: A shape-programmable liquid crystal elastomer comprises polymerized, nematic monomers. The monomers are organized into a plurality of voxels with each voxel having a director orientation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photo alignment device, a photo alignment method and an alignment film preparation system. The photo alignment device comprises a photo alignment unit, a temperature acquisition unit and a control unit, the photo alignment unit used to perform preheating, curing and photo alignment on a film-to-be-aligned layer; the temperature acquisition unit used to perform real-time acquisition on temperatures of the film-to-be-aligned layer during the preheating, curing, and photo alignment in synchronization with the photo alignment unit, and feed the acquired temperatures back to the control unit; and the control unit used to determine whether the fed back temperatures are within preset ranges of temperature, and adjust position, power and/or speed of the photo alignment unit based on the determination result, to cause the temperatures of the film-to-be-aligned layer during the preheating, curing, and photo alignment to be within their respective preset ranges of temperature.

Abstract: A substrate provided with an alignment film includes: a substrate including an electrode on a surface thereof; and an alignment film in contact with the electrode. The alignment film contains a first polymer that contains a polysiloxane structure in a side chain and a second polymer that contains a photo-reactive group or a vertically aligning functional group. The alignment film includes a first surface that is placed on a side close to the electrode and contains the first polymer and a second surface that is placed on a side opposite to the first surface and contains the second polymer. The first polymer has a weight that is equal to or greater than a weight of the second polymer in the alignment film.

Abstract: A display apparatus including: a lower substrate bent around a first bending axis that extends in a first direction; an upper substrate opposing the lower substrate and having a first surface facing the lower substrate; a pixel electrode disposed on the lower substrate; a color filter disposed on the lower substrate so as to correspond to the pixel electrode; and a first column spacer disposed on the first surface so as to correspond to at least a portion of the color filter and extending in a second direction that intersects the first direction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first insulating substrate, a second insulating substrate, a pixel electrode positioned on the first insulating substrate, a common electrode positioned on the first insulating substrate or the second insulating substrate, a first alignment layer positioned on the first insulating substrate, a second alignment layer positioned on the second insulating substrate, and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first insulating substrate and the second insulating substrate. The first alignment layer and/or the second alignment layer include an additive and an alignment layer compound having a main chain, and a plurality of side chains connected to the main chain, and at least one of the plurality of side chains includes a vertical alignment group, and a reactive mesogen including two or more photoreactive groups.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a manufacturing method of a display substrate, a manufacturing method of a display panel and a display device. The manufacturing method of a display substrate comprises: performing an pre-irradiation on the display substrate with ultraviolet light after completion of alignment of an alignment layer of the display substrate, such that electrons in a metal layer of the display substrate receive energy under this irradiation of the ultraviolet light and thereby transfer, and are distributed uniformly in the alignment layer of the display area of the display substrate. A uniform distribution of charges in the whole display area would not result in the deficiency of non-uniform brightness at the edge of the display area.

Abstract: A shape-programmable liquid crystal elastomer comprises polymerized, nematic monomers. The monomers are organized into a plurality of voxels with each voxel having a director orientation.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate; a first electrode formed on the first substrate; a second substrate configured so as to face the first substrate; and a second electrode formed on the second substrate. The first electrode includes a first portion having a plate shape and a plurality of branch electrodes extending from the first portion. The second electrode includes a cross-shaped cutout including a horizontal stem and a vertical stem which cross each other at a center thereof. A width of the first electrode and a distance between two adjacent ones of the branch electrodes are varied according to position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which a display defect is less likely to occur even when an alignment layer is not formed. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer held between the pair of substrates, at least one of the substrates including an electrode, and the liquid crystal layer having negative dielectric anisotropy, in which each of the pair of substrates includes a silane coupling layer on a surface of the corresponding substrate, a polymer layer configured to vertically align adjacent liquid crystal molecules is formed on a surface of the silane coupling layer, the polymer layer is formed by the polymerization of at least one monomer contained in a liquid crystal composition, and the at least one monomer contains a compound represented by the chemical formula (1).

Abstract: A photo-alignment exposure method divides each unit image area of a liquid crystal display into a plurality of divided areas and photo-aligns an alignment material film of each of the divided areas in mutually different directions. The method includes a first exposure process that radiates light at an inclined photo-irradiation angle onto an exposed surface of entire the unit image area; and a second exposure process that radiates light onto one area of the divided areas at an inclined photo-irradiation angle different from the photo-irradiation angle in the first exposure process. In the second exposure process, the light is radiated through a mask pattern corresponding to one area of the divided areas, and transmitted light of the mask pattern is condensed by condensing element and radiated onto the area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photoalignment layer, for example, a liquid crystal alignment layer, which is able to realize the wide viewing angle and contrast ratio characteristics of a photopolymerizable alignment layer, and to facilitate interaction with the liquid crystal layer, thereby improving alignment stability and reducing image sticking, and a liquid crystal cell including the same. The liquid crystal alignment layer includes a photo-alignment layer including a photo-alignment polymer having at least partially photo-aligned photoreactive groups; and a mesogen layer including a cured product of a reactive mesogen that is liquid crystal-aligned by the photo-aligned photoreactive group, in which the photo-alignment polymer include a norbornene-based polymer having a particular structure.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a thin film transistor disposed on the first substrate; an organic layer disposed on the thin film transistor; a pixel electrode disposed on the organic layer; a lower alignment layer disposed on the pixel electrode; a common electrode disposed on the second substrate; and an upper alignment layer disposed on the common electrode, wherein a first free radical included in the organic layer and a second free radical included in at least one of the lower alignment layer and the upper alignment layer are radical bonded.

Abstract: An alignment film includes a first pre-tilt functional group, a second pre-tilt functional group and a first vertical alignment functional group, which are linked to polysiloxane on a substrate. The first vertical alignment functional group includes a cyclic compound and is aligned substantially perpendicularly to the substrate. The first pre-tilt functional group is cross-linked to the second pre-tilt functional group and tilted with respect to the substrate.

Abstract: To provide a photoalignable material that can yield a photoalignable film having a high optical uniformity and no alignment defect, and allows photoalignment with exposure in a short period of time. A photoalignable polymer composition containing a specific photoalignable polymer having a silicone group or a fluorine-substituted alkyl group, and a photoalignable group, and a specific non-photoalignable polymer is manufactured, and the photoalignable film is manufactured by applying the polymer composition onto a base material or the like, drying an applied surface thereon, and irradiating the applied surface with light.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided, including a liquid crystal layer interposed between a first display panel and a second display panel; and an alignment film formed on at least one of the first and second display panels, the alignment film including first polysiloxanes and second polysiloxanes disposed on the first polysiloxanes, wherein a first portion of silicon atoms of the second polysiloxanes are bonded to vertical functional groups interacting with liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer, and to first pre-tilting functional groups aligning the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to be tilted with respect to at least one of the first and second display panels by being cross-linked. The bonding structure of the first and the second polysiloxanes being different.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display element which is composed of a pair of substrates (1) at least one of which is transparent. The liquid crystal display element comprises, between the pair of substrates, a transparent electrode (2), an aligning agent (3) that contains at least reactive monomers and/or oligomers (5), and a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal display element is characterized in that an alignment layer is obtained by polymerizing the reactive monomers or oligomers contained in the aligning agent, and the liquid crystal layer is composed of a liquid crystal composition that contains a compound (4) having at least one benzene ring in each molecule, said benzene ring containing at least one fluorine atom and being disubstituted by halogen atoms.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition, a liquid crystal film and a display device are provided. The liquid crystal composition can be uniformly aligned with no problems such as dewetting in an operation of aligning horizontally alignable liquid crystals. Also, a state of the aligned liquid crystal compound can be stably maintained.

Abstract: An alignment structure of a liquid crystal display device includes a substrate, a plurality of region defining strips disposed at intervals on the substrate, and organic alignment strips disposed between the region defining strips.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. In an embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate that has a first electrode formed thereon, a second substrate that faces the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer that is formed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a first alignment layer that is formed on the first substrate and is in contact with the liquid crystal layer. Here, the first alignment layer includes a first alignment base layer that is photoaligned, and a first alignment controlling layer that is extended from the inside of the first alignment base layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal alignment solution is provided, including at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyamide acid-polyamide acid polymer represented by formula (A), a polyimide-polyamide acid polymer represented by formula (B) and a polyimide-polyimide polymer represented by formula (C), as defined in the contexts.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal orientating agent which contains a liquid crystal orientating polyorganosiloxane obtained by reacting a specified reactive polyorganosiloxane typified by the hydrolysis condensate of 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane and a reactive compound which includes a specified compound typified by stearic acid. The liquid crystal orientating agent of this invention can form liquid crystal orientating films which have excellent liquid crystal orientating properties, a high level of heat resistance and light resistance, exhibit little reduction of voltage retention even in high temperature environments and when irradiated with light of high intensity, and excellent residual image characteristics, and it also has excellent storage stability.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display panel that has high contrast and reduced display deficiency, a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention includes: a pair of substrates (1) and (2) facing each other; and a liquid crystal layer (3) sandwiched between the pair of substrates (1) and (2), the pair of substrates (1) and (2) being provided with a pair of respective alignment films (4) and (5) formed thereon and facing each other, the pair of alignment films (4) and (5) being provided with respective polymer films (6) and (7) formed thereon and each made of a monomer in the liquid crystal layer (3), the pair of alignment films (4) and (5) containing a macromolecular compound having a side chain containing a fluorine atom, the liquid crystal layer (3) containing a polymerizable monomer represented by at least one of General Formulae (1) through (3), the polymer films (6) and (7) each being made of the polymerizable monomer represented by at least one of General Formulae (1) through (3), the polymer fil

Abstract: An alignment film includes a first pre-tilt functional group, a second pre-tilt functional group and a first vertical alignment functional group, which are linked to polysiloxane on a substrate. The first vertical alignment functional group includes a cyclic compound and is aligned substantially perpendicularly to the substrate. The first pre-tilt functional group is cross-linked to the second pre-tilt functional group and tilted with respect to the substrate.

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid crystal composition is provided that can contains a mixture of polymerizable compounds containing a compound represented by the formula (1-1), a compound represented by the formula (2), a compound represented by the formula (3-1) and a compound represented by the formula (4), and a amine silane coupling agent. The composition can form a polymerizable liquid crystal layer exhibiting a uniform homeotropic alignment by coating the composition on a supporting substrate, independently from the kind of the supporting substrate without a special alignment film. Examples of each of the components are shown below, in which ring T represents triptycen-1,4-diyl.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display panel that has high contrast and reduced display deficiency, a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention includes: a pair of substrates (1) and (2) facing each other; and a liquid crystal layer (3) sandwiched between the pair of substrates (1) and (2), the pair of substrates (1) and (2) being provided with a pair of respective alignment films (4) and (5) formed thereon and facing each other, the pair of alignment films (4) and (5) being provided with respective polymer films (6) and (7) formed thereon and each made of a monomer in the liquid crystal layer (3), the pair of alignment films (4) and (5) containing a macromolecular compound having a functional group represented by at least one of General Formulae (1) through (5), the liquid crystal layer (3) containing a polymerizable monomer represented by at least one of General Formulae (6) through (8), the polymer films (6) and (7) each being (i) made of the polymerizable monomer represented by at least one of Ge

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal aligning agent which contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a polysiloxane having a structure represented by the following formula (S-0) and synthesized through the step of hydrolyzing or hydrolyzing/condensing a silane compound in the presence of an alkali metal compound or an organic base, a hydrolysate thereof and a condensate of the hydrolysate: (in the above formula (S-0), R is a group having an alkyl group with 4 to 20 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a cyclohexyl group, or a group having 17 to 51 carbon atoms and a steroid skeleton, and YI is a hydroxyl group, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms).

Abstract: An alignment structure of a liquid crystal display device includes a substrate, a plurality of region defining strips disposed at intervals on the substrate, and organic alignment strips disposed between the region defining layers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal aligning agent containing a radiation sensitive polyorganosiloxane which is obtained by reacting at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyorganosiloxane having a recurring unit represented by the following formula (1), a hydrolysate thereof and a condensate of the hydrolysis with a cinnamic acid derivative having at least one group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, —SH, —NCO, —NHR (R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), —CH?CH2 and —SO2Cl: (in the formula (1), X1 is a monovalent organic group having an epoxy group, and Y1 is a hydroxyl group, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided that includes a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a field generating electrode disposed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; an alignment layer disposed on the field generating electrode; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and including a liquid crystal and an alignment polymer. The alignment layer initially contains an alignment material including an initiator, and the alignment polymer initially contains an alignment aid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal aligning agent which contains a reaction product of at least one selected from the group consisting of a polysiloxane having a structure represented by the following formula (S-1), a hydrolysate thereof and a condensate of the hydrolysate and a compound represented by the following formula (1): (YI in the formula (S-1) is a hydroxyl group, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, R in the formula (1) is a group having an alkyl group with 4 to 20 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a cyclohexyl group, or a group having 17 to 51 carbon atoms and a steroid skeleton, and XI in the formula (S-1) and Z in the formula (1) are reacted with each other to form a bond group for bonding the silicon atom in the formula (S-1) to R in the formula (1)).

Abstract: Described herein are substrates, sensors and systems related to measuring the concentration of an analyte such as hydrogen ion in a sample. Redox active moieties whose reduction and/or oxidation potentials are sensitive to the presence of an analyte are immobilized onto a silicon surface. Immobilized redox active moieties whose reduction and/or oxidation potential are insensitive to the analyte can be used for reference. Voltammetric measurements made using such modified silicon surfaces can accurately determine the presence and/or concentrations of analytes in a sample of interest. The silicon electrochemical sensors of the invention are robust and can be made so as not to require calibration or re-calibration.

Abstract: Provided are a silicon-containing compound having carbazole and fluorene in its molecule and an organic electroluminescent device including an organic layer employing the same. The silicon-containing compound is represented by the following formula: The silicon-containing compound has excellent electrical characteristics and a charge transporting capability, the silicon-containing compound can be used as a hole injecting material, a hole transporting material, and/or a light emitting material that are suitable for all-color fluorescent and phosphorescent organic light emitting devices such as red, green, blue, and white fluorescent and phosphorescent organic light emitting devices. When the silicon-containing compound is used to manufacture an organic electroluminescent device, the organic electroluminescent device has a high efficiency, a low driving voltage, high luminosity, and a long lifetime.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an alignment film is provided. The method includes providing a substrate, forming a plurality of region defining strips at an interval on the substrate, and forming organic alignment strips for aligning liquid crystal molecules between the region defining strips by applying an organic alignment material on the substrate.

Abstract: Diamine compounds, which in particular are useful as precursors for the production of liquid crystal alignment layers, are represented by the general formula I: wherein A1 represents an organic group of 1 to 40 carbon atoms; A2 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group of 1 to 40 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for new photoalignment (co)polymer materials which demonstrate improved adhesion to a substrate. The (co)polymeric structure includes at least one photochemically active chromophore and at least one adhesion promoter group. Articles of manufacture, optical elements, ophthalmic elements and liquid crystal cells which include at least one photoalignment layer made from the photoalignment (co)polymer materials and methods for formation are also disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer for use in an alignment layer for a liquid crystal material is provided. The polymer comprises a polymer backbone comprising a plurality of repeating units, said repeating units being divided into at least two groups, wherein each repeating unit in a first group of said repeating units is functionalized with a pendant sidechain of a first type S1; each repeating unit in a second group of said repeating units is functionalized with a pendant sidechain of a second type S2; said first type of sidechain S1 comprising a fluorine substituted hydrocarbon group; and said second type of sidechain S2 comprising a siloxane. The polymer of the invention promotes homeotropic alignment of liquid crystal materials.

Abstract: A liquid crystal alignment layer and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The liquid crystal alignment layer includes an organic material layer and a plurality of silicon dioxide particles. The plurality of silicon dioxide particles is formed on the organic material layer, and each silicon dioxide particle contains at least one amino (—NH2) group.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and an assembly process for the manufacture of liquid crystal displays. The assembly process is especially advantageous because it can be easily scalable to roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing of liquid crystal displays. The invention is directed to a photoalignable top-sealing composition for top-sealing a liquid crystal display cell.

Abstract: An emulsifier for use in forming a film for a suspended particle device (SPD) wherein the film is comprised of a cross-linked matrix polymer having a plurality of droplets of a liquid light valve suspension distributed therein. The emulsifier is formed of a copolymer material comprising at least first and second segments, the segments differing from one another in at least one of their chemical affinities, their compositions and their polarities. A first one of the segments is soluble in an uncured liquid matrix polymer used in forming the film, but insoluble in a liquid suspension medium of which the droplets are dispersed. A second segment is soluble in the liquid suspending medium in the droplets and insoluble in the uncured liquid matrix polymer. The first and second segments have substantially the same index of refraction and the index of refraction of the segments is within 0.010 of that of each phase of an emulsion formed with the emulsifier.

Abstract: A liquid crystal formulation is described. The liquid crystal formulation comprises a first oligosiloxane-modified nano-phase segregating liquid crystalline material; and at least one additional material selected from a second oligosiloxane-modified nano-phase segregating liquid crystalline material, non-liquid crystalline oligosiloxane-modified materials, organic liquid crystalline materials, or organic non-liquid crystalline materials, wherein the liquid crystal formulation is nano-phase segregated in the SmC* phase, has an I?SmC* phase transition, with a SmC* temperature range from about 15° C. to about 35° C., has a tilt angle of about 22.5°±6° or about 45°±6°, and has a spontaneous polarization of less than about 50 nC/cm2, and a rotational viscosity of less than about 600 cP. Devices containing liquid crystal formulations are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display (“LCD”) panel and manufacturing method thereof. The LCD panel in accordance with the present invention includes a lower substrate including a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode, an upper substrate including a common electrode facing the lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer formed between the upper and lower substrates, and an alignment layer formed of an inorganic substance containing silicon (Si), oxygen (O), and carbon (C) on the upper and lower substrates. The transmittance of light through the LCD panel is high and is practically independent of the deposition temperature of the SiOC alignment layer over a wide range of deposition temperatures. The deposition of the alignment layer can be performed over a wide range of deposition temperatures while maintaining high levels of light transmission.

Abstract: Display-screen functional film product containing a laminate where an adhesive layer, a base film B and a silicone rubber layer are laminated in order on one surface of the functional film including a base film A and one or more functional layers laminated on a surface of the base film A. The product of the present invention does not undergo functional damage caused by heat or energy rays during production thereof, and thus is suitable for use in a display screen of a display device such as a CRT display, a liquid crystal display, or a plasma display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. In an embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate that has a first electrode formed thereon, a second substrate that faces the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer that is formed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a first alignment layer that is formed on the first substrate and is in contact with the liquid crystal layer. Here, the first alignment layer includes a first alignment base layer that is photoaligned, and a first alignment controlling layer that is extended from the inside of the first alignment base layer.

Abstract: A disclosed liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal composition contained in a cell having a liquid crystal alignment film. The liquid crystal alignment film has a lamellar structure and includes at least one type of a triphenylene compound (I) represented by general formula (1): In general formula (1), L represents —O— or —S—; R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 represent the same or different hydrocarbon radicals with 4 or more carbon atoms; R6 represents a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 4 or more carbon atoms; and R7 represents —SiR8R9R10 or —P(?O)(OH)2 where R8, R9, and R10 each individually represents —Cl, —OH, —OCH3, or —OC2H5.

Abstract: An alignment structure of a liquid crystal display device includes a substrate, a plurality of region defining strips disposed at intervals on the substrate, and organic alignment strips disposed between the region defining layers.

Abstract: Coatings containing particulate metal alloy are disclosed. The coatings provide corrosion protection to a substrate, such as a metal substrate. The coatings contain zinc-metal-containing alloy in flake form, most particularly an alloy flake of zinc and aluminum. The coating can be from compositions that are water-based or solvent-based. The compositions for providing the coating may also contain a substituent such as a water-reducible organofunctional silane, or a hexavalent-chromium-providing substance, or a titanate polymer, or a silica substance constituent. the coating may desirably be topcoated.

Abstract: A twist-obliquely oriented liquid crystal layer and a twist-obliquely oriented film is formed by forming an alignment layer, on a substrate, containing at least one selected from a glassy macromolecule and a silane coupling agent, performing a rubbing treatment on the alignment layer, and then applying a liquid crystal coating solution containing a chiral agent and a photopolymerizable liquid crystal composition.