Abstract: Hollow particles each having a shell composed of at least one layer, wherein the at least one layer contains a nitrogen atom-containing resin having a refractive index of 1.57 or less.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel includes irradiating a film of a photo-alignment film material formed on a surface of a substrate with light emitted from a light source and polarized by polarizers, the polarized light irradiation being performed while the substrate and/or the light source is moved, each of the polarizers including a polarized light transmissive region and a light-shielding region that surrounds the polarized light transmissive region, the polarized light transmissive region including end portions where the width of the polarized light transmissive region in a Y direction decreases toward the ends in an X direction, the polarizers being coupled with each other such that at least one end portion of each polarized light transmissive region is superimposed on an end portion of an adjacent polarized light transmissive region as viewed in the Y direction, wherein the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to each other in a plane parallel to the main surfaces of the pol

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polymer compound which can form a phase difference layer having high alignment and suppressed surface unevenness by being blended into a liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal composition, a phase difference layer, an optical film, a polarizing plate, and an image display device using the same. The polymer compound of the present invention includes a repeating unit represented by Formula (I), a repeating unit represented by Formula (II), and a repeating unit represented by Formula (III), in which an acid value is 115 mgKOH/g or more, and a hydroxyl value is 70 mgKOH/g or more.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell in which antenna units are arranged includes a TFT substrate, a slot substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The TFT substrate includes a first dielectric substrate, TFTs supported by the first dielectric substrate and patch electrodes electrically connected to the TFTs, and a first alignment film covering a groove part between the adjacent patch electrodes. The slot substrate includes a second dielectric substrate, a slot electrode including slots and supported by the second dielectric substrate, and a second alignment film covering the slot electrode. The liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the TFT substrate and the slot substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal material having a lower limit temperature of a nematic phase of the liquid crystal material of ?32° C. or lower and an upper limit temperature of the nematic phase of the liquid crystal material of 110° C. or higher.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion element includes a substrate, a wavelength conversion layer and an anti-reflective layer. The wavelength conversion layer is disposed on the substrate. The anti-reflective layer is disposed on the wavelength conversion layer. The anti-reflective layer includes a first adhesive layer having a plurality of pores. A thickness of the anti-reflective layer is 500 nm to 3000 nm, a pore diameter of each of the plurality of pores is 100 nm to 2500 nm, and the thickness of the anti-reflective layer is greater than the pore diameter of the plurality of pores. A manufacturing method of the aforementioned wavelength conversion element is also provided, through which the wavelength conversion element has the anti-reflective effect.

Abstract: A compound has a strong HTP and a high temperature dependence of HTP. In addition, a liquid crystal composition, a cured substance, an optical anisotropic boy, and a reflection film the above-described compound. The compound is represented by General Formula (1), wherein X1 and X2 each independently represent —CH?CH—or C?C—.

Abstract: A display panel manufacturing method for solving the phenomenon of Newton's rings on a display screen is provided, including: conducting a roughening treatment to a bonding surface of a frame of a backlight module in order to improve a securing force of the frame to an adhesive layer and a film thereon; reducing a release force of a protective film from the film above the backlight module in order to reduce a pulling force to the film below the protective film and the adhesive layer below the film when peeling off the protective film from the film; and bonding the film to the frame of the backlight module with an extended bonding time in a bonding process in order to increase adhering strength between the film and the bonding surface of the frame of the backlight module.

Abstract: A package unit, display panel, and display device are provided. The package unit includes a first organic layer and a package unit disposed over the first organic layer. The first organic layer is disposed over and adjacent to a side of the package structure illuminated by light, and the first organic layer is evenly distributed with liquid crystal molecules of an oriented arrangement to converge light passing through the first organic layer and emit light within a fixed angle range.

Abstract: A liquid crystal mixture and a temperature-responsive infrared reflection device made by using the liquid crystal mixture containing potassium laurate. Infrared light can pass through the device within a non-working temperature range, and a chiral dopant enables potassium laurate to form a cholesteric phase within a working temperature range. The birefringence value of the potassium laurate gradually increases with the increase of temperature between 12.5° C. and 26° C., so that the infrared reflection bandwidth of the device constantly increases. The birefringence value of the potassium laurate gradually decreases with the increase of temperature between 26° C. and 54.5° C., so that the infrared reflection bandwidth of the device constantly decreases. The infrared reflection bandwidth of the infrared reflection device can vary with temperature by adjusting the proportions of the ingredients of the liquid crystal mixture containing potassium laurate.

Abstract: A photo-alignment film of the present invention includes a polymer layer containing a photoreactive polymer and metal nanoparticles dispersed in the polymer layer at a concentration of 109 particles/(cm2×100 nm) or more and 1019 particles/(cm2×100 nm) or less. The metal nanoparticles have an absorption peak in a wavelength region of 420 nm or less. An absorbance A1 at the absorption peak of the metal nanoparticles and an absorbance A2 at an absorption peak of the polymer layer satisfy a relationship represented by the following formula 1: 0.2?A1/A2?25??(Formula 1).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a liquid crystal material, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel, and a display panel. The display panel includes a thin film transistor substrate, a color film substrate, a polymer layer structure, and a liquid crystal layer. During the preparation, after three different irradiations, the liquid crystal material is directly polymerized into the first polymer layer structure and the second polymer layer structure under the irradiations, eliminating the black matrix structure and the polyimide alignment film structure, improving the display effect of the panel, and reducing preparation costs.

Abstract: A display device includes a liquid crystal display panel, and a plurality of optical layers disposed on the liquid crystal display panel, wherein the plurality of optical layers includes a polarizing layer including a linear polarizer, a light scattering layer disposed on the polarizing layer and including a first refractive pattern part and a second refractive pattern part, wherein a refractive index of the second refractive pattern part is greater than a refractive index of the first refractive pattern part; and a light blocking layer disposed on or below the linear polarizer layer, and including a dichroic pigment and a reactive mesogen.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a TFT substrate having a first alignment film and an opposing substrate having a second alignment film with liquid crystals sandwiched therebetween. One of the first and second alignment films, comprises a first polyimide produced via polyamide acid ester containing cyclobutane as a precursor and a second polyimide produced via polyamide acid as a precursor. The polyamide acid has a higher polarity than that of the polyamide acid ester. The one of the first and second alignment films is responsive to photo-alignment. A first side of the one of the first and second alignment films is adjacent to the liquid crystals, and a second side thereof is closer to one of the TFT substrate and the counter substrate than the first side. The first side contains more of the first polyimide and less of the second polyimide than the second side.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound of general formula I and a display device thereof. The present invention also discloses a liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal composition of the present invention. The liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention has characteristics, such as a high absolute value of negative dielectric anisotropy, a high optical anisotropy, a superior low-temperature stability, a fast response speed and so forth. The liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can satisfy the demand for low driving voltage and fast response.

Abstract: A liquid crystal photoalignment agent includes: a copolymer of diamine and dianhydride; and a compound Formula 1 below, wherein an amount of the compound of Formula 1 is less than about 10 weight %, based on a total weight of the liquid crystal photoalignment agent: R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted tetravalent organic group derived from an acid dianhydride, wherein the acid dianhydride is at least one of an aliphatic cyclic acid dianhydride or an aromatic acid dianhydride, R2 is a substituted or unsubstituted trivalent organic group derived from an aromatic diamine, at least one of R1 and R2 is substituted with CF3 or a silyl group, R3 is a residue of a compound including a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group with a carbon number that is equal to or greater than 6, n is 1 to 5, and * represents a point of attachment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal aligning agent composition capable of securing a high imidization rate under relatively mild curing conditions, minimizing side reactions and thus having excellent stability, a method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film using the same, and a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display device using the same.

Abstract: In an example, a display device comprises a substrate with pixels arranged in a display portion, a signal line control circuit connected to signal lines, a plurality of thin film transistors inputting a pixel signal to a corresponding one of the pixels from the corresponding one of the signal lines, a common electrode overlapping the entire display portion, an insulating film disposed on the common electrode, a common line connected to the common electrode through contact holes in the insulating film, where the common line is disposed between the substrate and the insulating film, and outside the display portion along four sides of the display portion, a plurality of gate lines electrically connected to the thin film transistors, and a gate line control circuit connected to and configured to provide a gate signal to each of the gate lines, and disposed between the display portion and the common line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymers that include residues of at least one monomer represented by the following Formula (I). With reference to Formula (I), at least one of E1 and E2 independently is, or is independently substituted with, at least one reactive group, such as a (meth)acryloyl group. Monomers represented by Formula (I) and monomer residues thereof have alignment properties, such as photoalignment properties. The present invention also relates to alignment layers that include such polymers, and articles of manufacture, such as optical elements, that include one or more such alignment layers.

Abstract: A backlight unit (5) includes a light guide sheet (21) and a light diffusion sheet (23) provided on the surface of the light guide sheet (21). Assuming that the coefficient of static friction between the light guide sheet (21) and the light diffusion sheet (23) measured at a temperature of 23° C. and a humidity of 50% in accordance with JIS K 7125 is Y1, and the difference in coefficient of linear expansion between the light guide sheet (21) and the light diffusion sheet (23) measured in accordance with JIS K 7197 is X, the following relational expression (1) is satisfied. [Math. 1] Y1?1.00×10?4X2?3.43×10?2X+2.35??(1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a light modulation element comprising a pair of substrates, one or more optical films located on the inner side of one of the substrates, an electrode structure capable of inducing an electric field substantially in parallel to the substrates main plane, and a homogenously aligned liquid crystalline medium which is obtainable from a photoalignment component A) and a liquid-crystalline component B). Furthermore, the invention relates process of production of the light modulation element, to the use of the light modulation element in an electro optical device and to an electro optical device comprising said light modulation element.

Abstract: Methods of fabricating optical lenses and mirrors, systems and composite structures based on diffractive waveplates, and fields of application of said lenses and mirrors that include imaging systems, astronomy, displays, polarizers, optical communication and other areas of laser and photonics technology. Diffractive lenses and mirrors of shorter focal length and larger size, with more closely spaced grating lines, and with more exacting tolerances on the optical characteristics, can be fabricated than could be fabricated by previous methods.

Abstract: A composite of polyurethane foam grafted with carbon nanofibers is described. This composite foam may be made by contacting and drying a polyurethane foam with a suspension of carbon nanofibers and then drying. Additional carbon nanofiber layers may be added with repeated contacting. The composite film has a high surface area of 276 m2/g and a hydrophobic character that may be exploited for separating an oil phase from water.

Abstract: The embodiment of the present invention discloses a display panel and a display device. The present invention, by designing a supportive blocking wall, divides a liquid crystal cell into regions, and fills vertical alignment agents with corresponding structures in the different regions of the liquid crystal cell to adjust alignment ability of liquid crystal molecules in gap regions among different liquid crystal layers such that the liquid crystal molecules in the different regions have the same alignment ability to mitigate phenomenon of poor alignment of the liquid crystal molecules and improve display effect of the display panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer composition which contains (A) a photosensitive side-chain polymer that exhibits liquid crystallinity in a predetermined temperature range and has a repeating unit comprising a vertically aligning group, and (B) an organic solvent. The present invention provides: a liquid crystal alignment film which has excellent tilt angle characteristics, while being provided with alignment controllability with high efficiency; a polymer composition which enables the achievement of this liquid crystal alignment film; a twisted nematic liquid crystal display element; and a vertical field switching mode liquid crystal display element.

Abstract: A dynamic lens for projecting different output beam shapes includes a first light source of laser diodes generating a first light beam toward a target. A projector generates a second light beam with a different wavelength than the first light beam. A beam combiner combines the first light beam together with the second light beam and directs the combined beams to a focusing plane that includes a lensing array to focus the first light beam into the output beam shape on the target. The lensing array includes a plurality of photoactive cells including at least one photoreactive group which changes molecular shape in response to light energy from the second light beam, thereby changing the orientation of adjacent liquid crystal molecules, which in turn alters the index of refraction of the photoactive cell. A method of operating the dynamic lens to generate the output beam shape is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to siloxane polymer, copolymer or oligomer for the photoalignment of liquid crystals, especially for the planar orientation of liquid crystals, and which derives from at least one monomer of formula (I), to compositions thereof, to a process for the preparation of the linear, branched or crosslinked siloxane polymer, and to its use for optical and electro optical devices, such as liquid crystal devices (LCDs):

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to artificial photosystems and methods of their use, for example in artificial photosynthesis, wherein the artificial photosystems comprise one or more light-harvesting antenna (LHA) comprising a conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) complex (CPEC) comprising a donor CPE and an acceptor CPE, wherein the donor CPE and acceptor CPE are an electronic energy transfer (EET) donor/acceptor pair.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a first product is provided. The first product may include a substrate, a device having a device footprint disposed over the substrate, and a barrier film disposed over the substrate and substantially along a side of the device footprint. The barrier film may comprise a mixture of a polymeric material and non-polymeric material. The barrier film may have a perpendicular length that is less than or equal to 3.0 mm from the side of the device footprint.

Abstract: A method of producing a radiation-emitting component includes: A) providing a dielectric layer that degrades against environmental influences; B) applying a first protective layer to the dielectric layer by an atomic layer deposition method, wherein the first protective layer includes elemental Si or in a compound; and C) applying a second protective layer to the first protective layer, the second protective layer including elemental Si, wherein a layer thickness of the first protective layer is less than or equal to 1 nm so that the first protective layer reduces or prevents a degradation of the dielectric layer.

Abstract: A negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal composition having one or more A-R0—B compounds represented by formula I above as a first component, and one or more compounds represented by formula II above as a second component: The liquid crystal composition has a good stability against light and heat, a lower viscosity, a wider refractive index that may be achieved by adjusting the monomer ratio, and a higher clearing point (a very wide service temperature range). The liquid crystal composition has a higher light transmittance, thus allowing a display device to have a higher brightness or an energy saving effect.

Abstract: An electronic switching element is described having, in sequence, a first electrode, a molecular layer bonded to a substrate, and a second electrode. The molecular layer contains compounds of formula I, R1-(A1-Z1)r—B1—(Z2-A2)s-Sp-G, wherein A1, A2, B1, Z1, Z2, Sp, G, r, and s are as defined herein, in which a mesogenic radical is bonded to the substrate via a spacer group, Sp, by means of an anchor group, G. The switching element is suitable for production of components that can operate as a memristive device for digital information storage.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device with a high degree of freedom in molecular structure design of an alignment film and with reduced image sticking. The liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal layer held between the substrates; an alignment film disposed on a liquid crystal layer side surface of at least one of the substrates; and a polymer layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the alignment film, the alignment film containing a first polymer containing at least one structure represented by the following formula (1) in a side chain, wherein R1 represents a C3-C6 branched or cyclic alkylene group, and a hydrogen atom at a para position to a carbonyl group in the phenyl group is optionally replaced.

Abstract: The disclosed electronic shutter may include (1) an optical structure including a medium through which light from an environment passes to a lens of a camera for capturing an image of the environment; and (2) a controlling circuit that (a) detects a first condition of a signal, where the first condition indicates an activation of the camera, (b) controls, in response, to the first condition, the optical structure such that the medium attains a transparent optical state, (c) detects a second condition of the signal, where the second condition indicates a deactivation of the camera, and (d) controls, in response to the second condition, the optical structure such that the medium attains a non-transparent optical state in a manner that prevents visual detection of the lens from the environment. Various other methods and systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a difluoromethoxy-bridge liquid crystal compound containing methyl-substituted 2,3-difluorophenyl, a liquid crystal composition containing the compound, and a liquid crystal display element and a liquid crystal display, wherein said liquid crystal composition is represented by the following formula I: wherein the difluoromethoxy-bridge liquid crystal compound containing methyl-substituted 2,3-difluorophenyl not only has a high clearing point (CP) and a prominent low-temperature miscibility with other liquid crystals, but also has a good stability to ultraviolet light, stability to high temperatures, and particularly also a high vertical dielectric constant (??), and may be applied to the formulation of various types of liquid crystal compositions, and it is particularly prominent that the compound has the advantages of both a good low-temperature miscibility and a high vertical dielectric constant (??).

Abstract: A composition curing upon exposure to moisture comprises (A) one or more at least bifunctional silane compounds with at least two alkoxysilane groups, (B) at least one monofunctional silane compound with only one alkoxysilane group, and/or a partially condensed or bridged derivative thereof, and (C) at least one acid generator which, upon exposure to actinic radiation or heat, releases an acid. In addition, further additives (D) may be contained in the compositions according to the present invention. The composition is liquid at room temperature and, apart from the latent acid generator, does not contain any further catalysts for moisture-curing of alkoxysilanes. After activation of the acid generator the composition cures in the presence of moisture, while remaining liquid at room temperature in the presence of humidity over a period of at least 24 hours prior to activation of the acid generator. Furthermore, a method of joining or casting structural elements using the composition is described.

Abstract: Technologies for mobile content delivery include an edge computing device, a mobile terminal, and a content delivery network server. The edge computing device has a network location between the mobile terminal and a core network, and the content delivery network server is accessed through the core network. The edge computing device receives a content request from the mobile terminal and modifies the content request to identify the network location of a zone-specific proxy of the edge computing device. The edge computing device forwards the content response to the content delivery network server. The content delivery network server may send a content response to the zone-specific proxy or the mobile terminal. The content response identifies an address of a network content resource. The network content resource is located at a surrogate content delivery network server of the edge computing device. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A flexible display device is discussed. The flexible display device includes a substrate having multiple signal lines arranged on the substrate; a transistor disposed on the substrate, the transistor including a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode; and a second electrode disposed to correspond to a first electrode connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode of the transistor, wherein at least one of the multiple signal lines, the gate electrode, the source electrode, the drain electrode, and the second electrode is formed of a conductor having a metal nanowire structure and a polymer substance, the metal nonwire structure being disposed in the polymer substance. Also discussed is a method of manufacturing the flexible display device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that includes: a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal layer held between the substrates; an alignment film disposed on a liquid crystal layer side surface of at least one of the substrates; and a polymer layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the alignment film, the liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal compounds aligned in a predetermined direction with no voltage applied, the alignment film containing a first polymer containing in its main chain at least one selected from a polyamic acid structure and a polyimide structure, the first polymer containing a functional group that functions as a polymerization initiator, the polymer layer containing a second polymer obtained by polymerizing at least one monomer containing a chalcone group.

Abstract: A light-adjusting film is mounted between a color conversion layer and a display panel of a direct type backlight module and has a substrate and at least one light-adjusting layer. The substrate has a central area and a surrounding area. The at least one light-adjusting layer has a pigment and is mounted on the substrate. A content of the pigment is gradually decreased from the surrounding area to the central area. The color of the pigment of the light-adjusting film is a correction color of lights emitted from light emitting surface of the color conversion layer in the backlight module.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal aligning agent composition for forming a liquid crystal alignment film exhibiting excellent alignment and electrical characteristics and simultaneously having excellent film strength, a method for preparing a liquid crystal alignment film using the same, and a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display device using the same.

Abstract: There is provided a polarizing plate with a retardation layer that can achieve an image display apparatus having excellent durability and excellent weatherability, and having an excellent hue. A polarizing plate with a retardation layer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes in this order: a polarizing plate including a protective layer and a polarizer; a retardation layer; and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. The protective layer has a light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm of 10% or less. The polarizing plate has a light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm of 5% or less. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a light transmittance at a wavelength of 405 nm of 5% or less. The polarizing plate with a retardation layer has a light transmittance at a wavelength of 405 nm of 3% or less.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline media comprising one or more compounds of formula S where the parameters have the meaning defined in claim 1, and one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds of the formula II or one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds of the formula III or one or more compounds of the formula II and one or more compounds of the formula III or one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds of the formula II and one or more compounds of the formula III: in which the parameters have the meaning indicated in claim 1, and to components comprising these media for high-frequency technology, in particular phase shifters and microwave array antennas.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a varnish for a photo alignment film includes an imidization promotor and a first polyamic acid-based compound in an organic solvent. The first polyamic acid-based compound is a polyamic acid or a polyamic acid ester. The imidization promotor has skeleton containing no primary amino group and no secondary amino group. The first polyamic acid-based compound has terminal skeletons containing no primary amino group.

Abstract: A long film containing a cellulose acylate and a compound A having a molecular weight of less than 1,000 which satisfies conditions 1-4. Condition 1: containing two or more aromatic rings each directly connected to a hydroxyl group in a molecule. Condition 2: containing one or more carbon atoms directly connected to an aromatic ring directly connected to a hydroxyl group and do not constitute the aromatic ring in a molecule, the carbon atoms being directly connected to 1 to 3 aromatic rings. Condition 3: Each carbon atom directly connected to an aromatic ring directly connected to a hydroxyl group and not constituting the aromatic ring has no bond with a hydrogen atom. Condition 4: Each carbon atom directly connected to an aromatic ring directly connected to a hydroxyl group and not constituting the aromatic ring is bonded by a single bond to atoms other than hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: The spontaneous orientation aid for a liquid crystal composition provides storage stability and allows liquid crystal molecules to be vertically aligned without a PI layer when added to a liquid crystal composition. The spontaneous orientation aid for a liquid crystal composition includes a compound having a partial structure represented by formula (i), particularly in which Ki1 is represented by one of formula (K-1) to formula (K-11). When used in a liquid crystal composition, the spontaneous orientation aid can adsorb to substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal composition (liquid crystal layer) and keep the liquid crystal molecules aligned in a vertical direction. The spontaneous orientation aid makes it possible to align liquid crystal molecules without a PI layer (to induce vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules under no applied voltage and to achieve horizontal alignment of the liquid crystal molecules under an applied voltage).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal aligning agent which contains a polymer that has a site having an isocyanate group and/or a blocked isocyanate group, a site having a photoreactive group having photoalignment, and a site having at least one functional group selected from an amino group and a hydroxyl group in each molecule. The present invention provides a liquid crystal display element which enables baking at low temperatures during the formation of a liquid crystal alignment film by a photoalignment method, the liquid crystal alignment film being able to be imparted with alignment regulating property and pretilt angle developing property.

Abstract: A composition having a high ?n, a wide temperature range of a liquid crystal phase, low viscosity, good solubility at a low temperature, high resistivity, a high voltage holding ratio, and stability against heat and light; a liquid crystal composition containing the composition, the liquid crystal composition having a good lens effect and good chemical stability; a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal composition; and a liquid crystal lens including the liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition contains one or two or more compounds represented by general formula (i) and one or two or more compounds represented by general formula (ii).

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical film exhibiting high alignment and good phase difference development in an oblique direction, and a polarizing plate and an image display device using the same. This optical film of the present invention has a substrate; and a phase difference layer which is provided on the substrate to be adjacent to the substrate, in which the phase difference layer is a layer formed by fixing vertical alignment of a liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group included in a liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystal compound and a polymer compound, a difference in ?a value between the polymer compound and the substrate, which is calculated using three-dimensional SP values, is 3 or less, and a content of the polymer compound is less than 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an alignment film capable of sufficiently reducing image sticking and stain in a liquid crystal display device, and a liquid crystal display device including a photo-alignment film and sufficiently reducing image sticking and stain. The alignment film of the present invention contains a polymer containing a nitrogen radical-containing group, and a photo-functional group. The nitrogen radical-containing group is preferably a hydrazyl radical-containing group represented by the following formula (I) or (II): wherein R1 is a direct bond or a divalent organic group; Me is a methyl group; and Bu is a butyl group.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides an organic compound represented by following Formula: wherein each of X1 to X5 is independently selected from a carbon atom (C) or a nitrogen atom (N), and at least two or three of X1 to X5 are N, wherein each of R1 and R2 is independently selected from a substituted or non-substituted aryl group or a substituted or non-substituted heteroaryl group, and “a” is an integer between zero (0) to 3, and wherein each of L1 and L2 is independently selected from a substituted or non-substituted arylene group or a substituted or non-substituted heteroarylene group, and “b” is zero (0) or 1. The present invention also provides an organic light emitting diode and an organic light emitting display device including the organic compound.