Abstract: In some embodiments, an image sensor is provided. The image sensor comprises a first photodetector disposed within a front-side surface of a semiconductor substrate. A trench isolation structure is disposed over a back-side surface of the semiconductor substrate. The trench isolation structure includes a buffer layer and a dielectric liner. The buffer layer covers the back-side surface of the semiconductor substrate and fills trenches that extend downward into the back-side surface of the semiconductor substrate. The dielectric liner is disposed between the buffer layer and the semiconductor substrate. A composite grid structure has composite grid segments that are aligned over the trenches, respectively. The buffer layer separates the dielectric liner from the composite grid structure. A light shield structure is disposed within the buffer layer and directly overlies the first photodetector.

Abstract: Provided is a polyester film for foldable displays that is unlikely to have cracks in the folding portion with the aim of providing a foldable display that is excellent in mass production applicability, and that does not have image distortion that may appear in the folding portion after the display is repeatedly folded. The polyester film has a thickness of 10 to 80 ?m, a refractive index in the bending direction of 1.590 to 1.620, a refractive index in the direction of a folding portion of 1.670 to 1.700, a refractive index in the thickness direction of 1.520 or less, and a density of 1.380 g/cm3 or more, wherein the bending direction refers to a direction orthogonal to the folding portion of the polyester film to be folded.

Abstract: A plant growth lighting fixture includes a lighting fixture main body having a light exit surface, a light source held on the lighting fixture main body, and a reflective-type circularly polarizing film that selectively reflects circularly polarized light having a particular rotational direction. The reflective-type circularly polarizing film is releasably affixed to the light exit surface of the lighting fixture main body.

Abstract: A backplane, a dimming method thereof, and a display device having same are disclosed. The display device includes the backplane which has a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other, an electrolyte layer, and a driving electrode which is connected to the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively. When the driving electrode is controlled to apply different voltages between the first substrate and the second substrate, the electrolyte layer shows different translucent states.

Abstract: Provided is a laminated film for a foldable display, the laminated film being free of occurrence of a fold mark or a crack at a folding portion thereof, in order to provide, for example, a foldable display excellent in mass productivity, and free of a risk of causing distortion in an image displayed at a folding portion thereof after being repeatedly folded. The laminated film for a foldable display includes: a polyester film having a thickness of from 10 ?m to 100 ?m; and an adhesive layer formed on at least one surface of the polyester film, wherein the polyester film satisfies the following conditions: (1) a refractive index in a bending direction is from 1.590 to 1.620; (2) a refractive index in a folding portion direction is from 1.670 to 1.700; (3) a refractive index in a thickness direction is 1.520 or less; and (4) a density is 1.380 g/cm3 or more, wherein the bending direction refers to a direction orthogonal to a folding portion of the polyester film at a time when the polyester film is folded.

Abstract: Provided is a foldable display that is excellent in mass production applicability and unlikely to have image distortion at the folding portion of the display after repeated folding, as well as a mobile device equipped therewith. The foldable display contains a surface protection film and a polarizer. The surface protection film is composed of a polyester film, and the angle made by the slow axis of the polyester film with the absorption axis of the polarizer is 10 to 80°. The polyester film has a refractive index in the bending direction of 1.590 to 1.620, a refractive index in the direction of a folding portion of 1.670 to 1.700, a refractive index in the thickness direction of 1.520 or less, and a density of 1.380 g/cm3 or more, wherein the bending direction refers to a direction orthogonal to the folding portion of the polyester film to be folded.

Abstract: Provided is a polyester film for a touchscreen module substrate of a foldable display which is free of occurrence of a crack at a folding portion thereof, in order to provide a foldable display excellent in mass productivity, and free of a risk of causing distortion in an image displayed at a folding portion thereof after being repeatedly folded. The polyester film for a touchscreen module substrate of a foldable display satisfies the following conditions: (1) a refractive index in a bending direction is from 1.590 to 1.620; (2) a refractive index in a folding portion direction is from 1.670 to 1.700; (3) a refractive index in a thickness direction is 1.520 or less; and (4) a density is 1.380 g/cm or more, wherein the bending direction refers to a direction orthogonal to a folding portion of the polyester film at a time when the polyester film is folded.

Abstract: Provided are a polyester film, a laminated film, and the like for protecting an organic EL module of a foldable display each of which is free of occurrence of a crack at a folding portion thereof, in order to provide a foldable display excellent in mass productivity, and free of a risk of causing distortion in an image displayed at a folding portion thereof after being repeatedly folded. The polyester film for protecting an organic EL module of a foldable display satisfies the following conditions: (1) a refractive index in a bending direction is from 1.590 to 1.620; (2) a refractive index in a folding portion direction is from 1.670 to 1.700; (3) a refractive index in a thickness direction is 1.520 or less; and (4) a density is 1.380 g/cm3 or more, wherein the bending direction refers to a direction orthogonal to a folding portion of the polyester film at a time when the polyester film is folded.

Abstract: A rearview mirror includes a shell with an opening, a display light-emitting structure installed in the shell, a protective structure and a reflective polarizing structure installed at the opening. The reflective polarizing structure is a single layer made of both reflective material and polarizing material, the protective structure comprises an outer glass layer, the outer glass layer, the reflective polarizing structure, and the display light-emitting structure are laminated in sequence, and the reflective polarizing structure is attached to one of the outer glass layer and the display light-emitting structure. The rearview mirror has a simple structure, less light loss, and good display quality.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing element which has an excellent antireflection function in a case of being applied to an image display device; and a circularly polarizing plate and an image display device, each of which has the polarizing element. The polarizing element of an embodiment of the present invention is a polarizing element having an alignment film and an anisotropic light-absorbing film formed using a dichroic substance, in which the alignment film is a photoalignment film formed using a composition for forming a photoalignment film, including a photoactive compound having a polymerizable group and a photoreactive group, a degree S of alignment of the anisotropic light-absorbing film is 0.92 or more, and an average refractive index nave at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm of the alignment film is 1.55 to 2.0.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is a packaging composite material comprising polarizing films, the packaging composite material comprising: a polarizing layer, comprising two or more layers of polarizing film, wherein polarization directions of at least two layers of polarizing film have an included angle which is not 0°. The packaging composite material of the present invention has a simple structure, strong light-blocking properties, a high light-blocking rate, and a broad-spectrum light-blocking effect. Also disclosed in the present invention are the use of the packaging composite material in packaging, and the use of the packaging composite material in a label. When used as packaging or a label, the packaging composite material can extend the shelf life of products which need to be stored in the dark.

Abstract: A low refractive layer includes a plurality of hollow inorganic particles and a matrix between the hollow inorganic particles, and capable of exhibiting a good refractive index and improved durability by enhancing the weight ratio of the hollow inorganic particles to the matrix. An electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concept including the low refractive layer may exhibit improved reliability and good display quality.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive composition includes a block copolymer containing a polymer block (A) and a (meth)acrylic polymer block (B), wherein the polymer block (A) contains either or both of a maleimide compound and an amide group-containing vinyl compound as a constitutional monomer thereof and has a glass transition temperature of 100° C. or higher, and the (meth)acrylic polymer block (B) contains at least one selected from compounds represented by general formula (1) as a major constitutional monomer thereof and has a glass transition temperature of 10° C. or below. CH2?CR1—C(?O)O(R2O)n—R3??(1) (wherein, R1 represents hydrogen or a methyl group; R2 represents a linear or branched C2-6 alkylene group; R3 represents hydrogen, a C1-20 alkyl group, or a C6-20 aryl group; and n represents 0 or an integer from 1 to 100.

Abstract: Provided are an anti-reflective film including a low-refractive layer having mechanical properties such as high abrasion resistance and scratch resistance, etc., and excellent optical properties, and a hard coating layer, a polarizing plate including the same, and a display device including the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low refractive layer and an anti-reflective film comprising the same. The low refractive layer can exhibit excellent optical properties such as a low reflectance and a high light transmittance, and excellent mechanical properties such as high wear resistance and scratch resistance at the same time, without adversely affecting the color of the polymer resin forming the low refractive layer. In particular, due to the excellent alkali resistance, the low refractive layer can maintain excellent physical properties even after alkali treatment. Therefore, when introducing a low refractive layer to the display device, it is expected that the production process can be simplified and further the production rate and the productivity can significantly increase.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a polyimide film includes a dianhydride and a diamine. The dianhydride, the diamine or both the dianhydride and the diamine include an alicyclic monomer, an aliphatic monomer or both an alicyclic monomer and an aliphatic monomer. The polyimide film has a b* of 1.25 or less and a yellowness index of 2.25 or less for a film thickness of 50 ?m. The polyimide film is formed by: (a) polymerizing the dianhydride and the diamine in the presence of a first solvent to obtain a polyamic acid solution; (b) imidizing the polyamic acid solution to form a substantially imidized solution; (c) casting the substantially imidized solution to form a film; and (d) drying the film.

Abstract: Provided are an optical film, a circularly polarizing plate, and an image display apparatus in each of which the occurrence of cracks is suppressed in the obtained film in a case of being punched. The optical film includes a stretched resin film and a liquid crystal layer formed by fixing a liquid crystal compound twist-aligned along a helical axis extending along a direction in thickness, in which a ?a value calculated using a three-dimensional solubility parameter of a resin in the stretched resin film is 8.0 MPa1/2 or less, the liquid crystal layer contains a cured substance of a polyfunctional compound having two or more polymerizable groups in one molecule, and an absolute value of a difference between the ?a value calculated using the three-dimensional solubility parameter of the polyfunctional compound and the ?a value calculated using the three-dimensional solubility parameter of the resin is 4.0 MPa1/2 or less.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide cellulose acetate that has excellent compatibility with a resin, can reinforce a resin, and has excellent thermal stability. An embodiment of the present invention is cellulose acetate having a cellulose triacetate I crystal structure, wherein a temperature at which a weight loss relative to weight at 100° C. reaches 5% is 200° C. or higher when the cellulose acetate is heated at a heating rate of 10° C./min under a nitrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: A polarizer stack including an absorbing polarizer and a multilayer polymeric reflective polarizer bonded together is described. The absorbing polarizer has a first block axis and the reflective polarizer has a second block axis substantially parallel to the first block axis. The reflective polarizer may be substantially free of micro-wrinkling when the polarizer stack adhered to a glass layer is heated at 95° C. for 100 hours.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polarizer having a high degree of alignment and an image display device including the polarizer. The polarizer according to the embodiment of the present invention is a polarizer which is formed of a polarizer-forming composition containing a polymer liquid crystal compound and a dichroic material, in which the polymer liquid crystal compound is a thermotropic liquid crystal and a crystalline polymer, and the polymer liquid crystal compound and the dichroic material are horizontally aligned.

Abstract: Optical constructions are disclosed. A disclosed optical construction includes a reflective polarizer layer, and an optical film that is disposed on the reflective polarizer layer. The optical film has an optical haze that is not less than about 50%. Substantial portions of each two neighboring major surfaces in the optical construction are in physical contact with each other. The optical construction has an axial luminance gain that is not less than about 1.2.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing element which has an excellent antireflection function as being applied to an image display device; and a circularly polarizing plate and an image display device, each of which has the polarizing element. The polarizing element of an embodiment of the present invention has an alignment film and an anisotropic light-absorbing film formed using a dichroic substance, in which a degree S of alignment of the anisotropic light-absorbing film is 0.92 or more, and an average refractive index nave at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm of the alignment film is 1.55 to 2.0.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a light-absorbing anisotropic film having an excellent degree of alignment of a dichroic azo coloring agent; an optical laminate including the same; and an image display device using the same. The light-absorbing anisotropic film according to an embodiment of the present invention is a light-absorbing anisotropic film which is formed of a liquid crystal composition containing a dichroic azo coloring agent compound, a liquid crystalline compound, and a compound represented by Formula (1) and has a front transmittance of 60% or less, and in which a content mass ratio of the dichroic azo coloring agent compound to the liquid crystalline compound is 5% to 35% by mass.

Abstract: Each of a mirror surface display device and a light reflecting member includes a support member having an optical thin film thereon, a broadband selective reflection film and a display in this order; the optical thin film being formed on a surface of the support member facing the broadband selective reflection film; and the broadband selective reflection film being a film selectively transmitting one of clockwise circularly polarized light and counterclockwise circularly polarized light, and selectively reflecting the other polarized light, and having cholesteric regularity.

Abstract: An optical device includes a first outer substrate; a second outer substrate disposed opposite to the first outer substrate; and an active liquid crystal film or a polarizer, wherein the active liquid crystal film or the polarizer is encapsulated by an encapsulating agent between the first and second outer substrates and wherein a shrinkable film adjacent to any one of the first and second outer substrates is further included. The optical device is capable of varying transmittance. The optical device can be used for various applications such as an eyewear, for example, sunglasses or AR (augmented reality) or VR (virtual reality) eyewears, an outer wall of a building or a sunroof for a vehicle.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, a base material-less protective film used in a polarizing plate is provided, wherein the protective film comprises a core layer containing a resin made of a cured product, and an adhesion-improving layer provided on one surface of the core layer, and wherein a surface of the adhesion-improving layer forms one surface of the protective film, and the thickness of the protective film is less than 40 ?m, and the tensile break strength of the protective film is 30 N/mm2 or more.

Abstract: Provided are a polycarbonate having an appropriate refractive index and an appropriate Abbe number, and comprehensively excelling in heat resistance, total light transmittance, and hue, and a molded article thereof. The polycarbonate includes a constituent unit represented by Formula [I] and a constituent unit having a hydrocarbon group containing a cyclic structure. In Formula [I], R1 and R2 each independently denote a hydrocarbon group, and each R3 independently denotes a hydrogen atom, a heteroatom-containing group, a halogen atom-containing group, a linear alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group including an aryl group and having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The biocompatible lattice structures disclosed herein with an increased or optimized lucency are prepared according to multiple methods of design disclosed herein. The methods allow for the design of a metallic material with sufficient strength for use in an implant and that remains radiolucent for x-ray imaging.

Abstract: A method for displaying virtual content to a user, the method includes determining an accommodation of the user's eyes. The method also includes delivering, through a first waveguide of a stack of waveguides, light rays having a first wavefront curvature based at least in part on the determined accommodation, wherein the first wavefront curvature corresponds to a focal distance of the determined accommodation. The method further includes delivering, through a second waveguide of the stack of waveguides, light rays having a second wavefront curvature, the second wavefront curvature associated with a predetermined margin of the focal distance of the determined accommodation.

Abstract: A curable composition includes: a near infrared absorbing compound that includes a cation having an absorption in a near infrared range and an anion; a salt of an anion that is a component other than the near infrared absorbing compound and has a conjugate acid pKa of ?8 or lower; and a curable compound.

Abstract: The present application relates to a curable composition. The curable composition of the present application exhibits excellent adhesion ability and liquid crystal orientation ability simultaneously before or after curing, so that it can be effectively applied to various optical uses.

Abstract: The present application relates to a curable composition. The curable composition of the present application exhibits excellent adhesion ability and liquid crystal orientation ability simultaneously before or after curing, so that it can be effectively applied to various optical uses.

Abstract: Provided are a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for an optical film, which has excellent optical compensation and stress relaxation properties without changing main properties such as endurance reliability and workability under a high temperature and/or high humidity condition to minimize a light leakage phenomenon caused by stress concentration of a protective film, and an optical member and a liquid crystal display device which include a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer manufactured using the same.

Abstract: A polyurethane composition suitable for coating a surface of a substrate. The polyurethane composition can include an aliphatic polyester urethane matrix and a fluorinated ionic antistatic additive. The aliphatic polyester urethane matrix can comprise an aliphatic diisocyanate, a polyester polyol having a polyester diol and a polyester triol, and sulfonated polyester urethane polyol.

Abstract: An electroactive device may include (i) a first conductor, (ii) a first optically transparent material electrically coupled to the first conductor, the first optically transparent material including a plurality of nanovoids and having a first refractive index, (iii) a second optically transparent material electrically coupled to the first optically transparent material, the second optically transparent material having a second refractive index that is lower than the first refractive index, and (iv) a second conductor electrically coupled to the second optically transparent material. Various other methods, systems, apparatuses, and materials are also disclosed.

Abstract: A protective cartridge for a glare protection apparatus, includes an optical glare protection filter which, in particular, has at least one liquid crystal cell, including at least an open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit, which is configured to control and/or regulate a permeability of the optical glare protection filter, at least between at least one bright level and at least one dark level, depending on a captured work state, on an electronic signal of an external signal source and/or on light irradiation. The permeability of the optical glare protection filter at at least one bright level corresponds to a protection level of less than 2.5, preferably of at most 2.4, advantageously of at most 2.25, particularly advantageously of at most 2 and preferably of at most 1.7.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an anti-glare film is provided. The manufacturing method includes spraying a solution on a substrate to form a plurality of droplets on the substrate, wherein the solution includes a curable resin, a plurality of particles, and a solvent; and curing the plurality of droplets to form an anti-glare film.

Abstract: Each of a mirror surface display device and a light reflecting member includes a support member having an optical thin film thereon, a broadband selective reflection film and a display in this order; the optical thin film being formed on a surface of the support member facing the broadband selective reflection film; and the broadband selective reflection film being a film selectively transmitting one of clockwise circularly polarized light and counterclockwise circularly polarized light, and selectively reflecting the other polarized light, and having cholesteric regularity.

Abstract: A coextruded biaxially oriented composite film comprising a polyester substrate layer and disposed on one or both surfaces thereof a strippable sacrificial layer, wherein said strippable sacrificial layer comprises an ethylene-methacrylic acid (EMAA) copolymer.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel including a display area and a non-display area that extends from an end of the display area and is bent toward the display area; and a passivation film including a first film portion that is attached to a surface of the non-display area and is bent toward the display area, and a second film portion that is attached to a surface of the display area, and a modulus of the first film portion is lower than a modulus of the second film portion.

Abstract: A laminate sheet includes an intermediate layer, a first matte layer laminated on a front face side of the intermediate layer, and a second matte layer laminated on a back face side of the intermediate layer. A ratio of a gloss at 60° of a back face of the second matte layer to a gloss at 60° of a front face of the first matte layer is no less than 3/2 and no greater than 10. The gloss at 60° of the front face of the first matte layer is preferably no less than 5 and no greater than 20. The gloss at 60° of the back face of the second matte layer is preferably no less than 30 and no greater than 80. An arithmetic average roughness of the front face of the first matte layer is preferably no less than 0.5 ?m and no greater than 1 ?m.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device having a viewing-side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel and a light source-side polarizing plate, which are stacked sequentially, wherein the viewing-side polarizing plate comprises a first polarizer and a first protective film formed on a light output surface of the first polarizer, the light source-side polarizing plate comprises a second polarizer and a fourth protective film formed on a light incident surface of the second polarizer, and the TD shrinkage ratio of the fourth protective film is greater than the TD shrinkage ratio of the first protective film.

Abstract: Regioselectively substituted cellulose esters having a plurality of aryl-acyl substituents and a plurality of alkyl-acyl substituents are disclosed along with methods for making the same. Such cellulose esters may be suitable for use in optical films, such as optical films having certain Nz values, ?A optical films, and/or +C optical films. Optical films prepared employing such cellulose esters have a variety of commercial applications, such as, for example, as compensation films in liquid crystal displays and/or waveplates in creating circular polarized light used in 3-D technology.

Abstract: The present invention is: a curable composition comprising a component (A), a component (B), and a component (C), the curable composition comprising the component (A) and the component (B) in a mass ratio (component (A):component (B)) of 100:0.3 to 100:50, the component (A) being a curable polysilsesquioxane compound that comprises a repeating unit represented by a formula (a-1), R1SiO3/2??(a-1) wherein R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, the component (B) being fine particles having an average primary particle size of 5 to 40 nm, and the component (C) being a silane coupling agent that comprises an acid anhydride structure in its molecule.

Abstract: The disclosures herein provide compounds of formula I or its pharmaceutical acceptable salts, as well as polymorphs, enantiomers, stereoisomers, solvates, and hydrates thereof. These compounds may be formulated as pharmaceutical compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions may be formulated for oral administration, intravenous, spray, parenteral, lozenge, solution, syrup, sachet, transdermal administration, or injection. Such compositions may be used to treatment of inflammation or its associated complications.

Abstract: A polymer composition includes a polymer, a nanostructured filler, and a silane dispersing agent represented by Chemical Formula 1: R1—(Ar)p—(O-L1)q-(O-L2)r-(O-L3-O-L4)s-O-(L5)t-(L6)u-(CR2R3)w—Si(R4R5R6)??Chemical Formula 1 wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, R1 to R6, Ar, L1 to L6, p, q, r, s, t, and w are the same as described in the detailed description.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymerizable composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound represented by Formula (I) and an oxime compound, in the formula, A1 and A2 each represent a phenylene group or a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, L1 and L2 each represent single bond, —C(?O)O—, or —OC(?O)—, Q1 and Q2 each represent a polymerizable group or the like, m and n represent an integer of 0 to 2, X may represent —X3-Sp3-Q3 or two X's may be bonded to each other to form a fused ring, X3 represents —C(?O)O—, Sp1, Sp2, and Sp3 each represent single bond, an alkylene group, or the like, Q3 represents hydrogen atom, a cycloalkyl group, a polymerizable group, or the like, and l represents an integer of 0 to 4. The polymerizable composition hardly causes yellowing after curing and is useful for manufacturing a film and a half mirror for displaying a projection image.

Abstract: Provided is a composition which can be used for formation of an optical film having high quality and a high dichroic ratio even after the composition is stored for a predetermined period of time. The composition includes a compound represented by the general formula (A) and a compound represented by the general formula (B), wherein R1a in the general formula (A) and R1b in the general formula (B) are mutually different groups.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image, a light guide member below the display panel, a light source adjacent to at least one surface of the light guide member, and an optical member between the light guide member and the display panel. The optical member includes a wavelength conversion layer configured to convert a wavelength band of incident light. A low refractive index layer between the wavelength conversion layer and the light guide member and including a plurality of pores, and an inorganic layer between the low refractive index layer and the wavelength conversion layer. A volume ratio occupied by the pores within the low refractive index layer increases as being closer to the light guide member.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion member, is provided with a wavelength conversion layer that includes quantum dots and is interposed between two barrier layers. The wavelength conversion member includes a light scattering layer that is provided between the barrier layers and the wavelength conversion layer, in which one of the barrier layers closest to the light scattering layer is formed of an inorganic component, the light scattering layer includes a binder, which is formed of either a compound having a hydrogen bonding functional group and a polymerizable group in a molecule or an organic metal coupling agent, and scattering particles having a diameter R of 0.2 to 5 ?m, a thickness d of the light scattering layer is 0.2 to 4 ?m, a thickness D of the wavelength conversion layer is 10 to 100 ?m, and a ratio of d to D is 0.2% to 10%.