Abstract: A porous honeycomb structure including cell channels passing through an interior of the porous honeycomb structure and partitioned by porous partition walls, wherein the porous partition walls include skeleton portions containing an aggregate and a bonding material, and pore portions formed among the skeleton portions and through which a fluid can flow; and the porous partition walls have a porosity of 40 to 48% as measured by a mercury intrusion method, and a cumulative 50% pore diameter (D50) from a large pore side of 6 to 10 ?m in a volume-based cumulative distribution of pore diameters measured by the mercury intrusion method, and a maximum pore diameter observed with a scanning electron microscope of 40 ?m or less, and a ratio of a contact area between the aggregate and the bonding material to a surface area of the bonding material observed with the scanning electron microscope of 61 to 80%.

Abstract: An atomization element (100) and an electronic cigarette. The atomization element (100) comprises a porous ceramic portion (101) and a porous metal portion (102) contacting the porous ceramic portion (101); at least some holes of the porous ceramic portion (101) is communicated with holes of the porous metal portion (102); the porous metal portion (102) has a thickness of not less than 30 ?m. The atomization element (100) can sufficiently atomize an e-liquid, thereby improving the taste of aerosol.

Abstract: A shock resistant body comprises a non-metallic lattice structure having a first region with a first foam density in a first region and a second foam density in a second region that is lower from the first foam density. The first region has solid lattice members of a larger cross-sectional area than those in the second region and the first region has smaller interstices between solid lattice members than those in the second region.

Abstract: A method of plugging a honeycomb body includes mixing a plugging mixture at a mixing temperature, wherein the plugging mixture comprises a plurality of inorganic particles, inorganic binder, organic binder, and water; dispensing the plugging mixture into a patty mold at a dispensing temperature; cooling the plugging mixture within the patty mold to a cooled temperature, such that a cement patty is formed; and pressing the cement patty into a plurality of channels in a honeycomb body, wherein the mixing temperature and the dispensing temperature are above a hydration point temperature of the organic binder in the plugging mixture, and the cooled temperature is below the hydration point temperature of the organic binder in the plugging mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus for securing first and second skins to a core in a composite rotor blade includes an elongated member configured to be installed through a passage in the core of the composite rotor blade. The elongated member has a first end configured to be attached to an outer surface of the first skin and a second end configured to be attached to an outer surface of the second skin. The apparatus also includes a first patch configured to adhere the first end to the outer surface of the first skin, and a second patch configured to adhere the second end to the outer surface of the second skin such the elongated member extends from the outer surfaces of the first and second skins through the passage in the core.

Abstract: The contacting device for countercurrent contacting of fluid streams and having a first pair of intersecting grids of spaced-apart and parallel deflector blades and a second pair of intersecting grids of spaced-apart and parallel deflector blades. The deflector blades in each one of the grids are interleaved with the deflector blades in the paired intersecting grid and may have uncut side portions that join them together along a transverse strip where the deflector blades cross each other or adjacent opposed ends of the deflector blades and cut side portions that extend from the uncut side portions to the ends of the deflector blades. At least some of the deflector blades have directional tabs and associated openings to allow portions of the fluid streams to pass through the deflector blades to facilitate mixing of the fluid streams.

Abstract: The present invention provides a self-adhesive prepreg which is characterized by comprising: a base prepreg that is composed of reinforcing fibers and a thermosetting resin composition (I), some or all of which is impregnated into a reinforcing fiber layer that is formed of the reinforcing fibers; an adhesive layer that is composed of a nonwoven fabric which is laminated on at least one surface of the base prepreg so as to be integrated with the base prepreg and a thermosetting resin composition (II) which is laminated on the surface of the nonwoven fabric so as to be integrated with the nonwoven fabric.

Abstract: A flexible article is provided having a core formed from a plurality of laminar panels that are inter-connected to provide an expandable structure upon movement of the panels away from each other. Opposite ends of the core terminate, in a pair of end panels whereby the end panels may be moved apart to expand the expandable structure. Each of the panels are made from wood material. The panels, for example, include two wood sheets with longitudinally oriented grains and a flexible backing sheet that is sandwiched and adhered between the two wood sheets.

Abstract: An energy store-floor assembly for a motor vehicle includes an electrical energy storage device that has a plurality of battery modules and that is accommodated in a multipart storage housing and arranged on the underside of a vehicle floor of the motor vehicle. In order to provide an energy store-floor assembly for a motor vehicle in which the energy storage device is connected to the motor vehicle bodyshell in an improved manner, the battery modules of the energy storage device are connected to the vehicle floor in a central region of the storage housing by way of a plurality of mechanical connecting elements.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a tool container for wirelessly charging tools that is integrated with a vehicle.

Abstract: An acoustic assembly including a multicellular acoustic panel having at least one through cavity along a direction X, wherein the acoustic assembly further includes at least one sealing element including a body enclosing one or more acoustic cells, the body being able to be inserted into the cavity and extending along the direction X between a first face and a second face, the sealing element further including a seal on the second face of the body able to ensure the sealing with the acoustic panel.

Abstract: A pillar shaped honeycomb structure, including: an outer peripheral wall; and a porous partition wall disposed inside the outer peripheral wall, the partition wall defining a plurality of cells, each of the cells extending from one end face to other end face to form a flow path, wherein the plurality of cells include two or more types of magnetic substances in which at least two of a maximum magnetic permeability, a Curie point, and an intrinsic resistance value are different.

Abstract: A method for applying a surface treatment to a plugged honeycomb body comprising porous wall includes: mixing particles of an inorganic material with a liquid vehicle and a binder material to form a liquid-particulate-binder stream; mixing the liquid-particulate-binder stream with an atomizing gas, directing the liquid-particulate-binder stream into an atomizing nozzle thereby atomizing the particles into liquid-particulate-binder droplets comprised of the liquid vehicle, the binder material, and the particles; conveying the droplets toward the plugged honeycomb body by a gaseous carrier stream, wherein the gaseous carrier stream comprises a carrier gas and the atomizing gas; evaporating substantially all of the liquid vehicle from the droplets to form agglomerates comprised of the particles and the binder material; depositing the agglomerates onto the porous walls of the plugged honeycomb body; wherein the deposited agglomerates are disposed on, or in, or both on and in, the porous walls.

Abstract: A center plug includes an inner skin, the inner skin extending along an axial centerline; an outer skin positioned radially outside the inner skin; a forward bulkhead connected to and extending radially outward from the inner skin; an aft bulkhead connected to and extending radially outward from the inner skin; and an acoustic panel, the acoustic panel including a first sheet having a first plurality of perforated walls and a first plurality of non-perforated walls, a second sheet having a second plurality of perforated walls and a second plurality of non-perforated walls, the first sheet being sandwiched together with the second sheet to form an N-shaped structure having a combined plurality of perforated walls and a combined plurality of non-perforated walls.

Abstract: A panel assembly for a window shade includes a first and a second elongate strip adjacent to each other that are bonded to a support sheet. Each elongate strip has a first and a second edge opposite to each other, and a main strip portion between a first and a second margin, the first and second margin respectively adjoining the main strip portion along a first and a second folding line, the first margin extending between the first folding line and the first edge, the second margin extending between the second folding line and the second edge, the second margin including a third folding line substantially parallel to the second folding line. The first margin is bonded to the support sheet, and the second margin is bonded to the support sheet or the second elongate strip at a margin portion between the third folding line and the second edge.

Abstract: An acoustic supercell may comprise a facesheet having a plurality of perforations, a backplate parallel to the facesheet, a cell wall contacting the facesheet and the back plate, and a periodic structure. The supercell may be custom-tailored to meet specific acoustic wavelength absorption targets. The custom-tailored supercell may be arranged with a plurality of other custom-tailored supercells into an acoustic panel.

Abstract: Improved inspection techniques are described herein for identifying leaks in a plugged honeycomb body. The improved inspection techniques utilize a pore impediment and a test gas. The pore impediment is injected into the plugged honeycomb body, and the test gas is forced into the plugged honeycomb body. A thermal detector is used to collect thermal data from an inspection region of an outlet end of the plugged honeycomb body, and the thermal data is used to identify defects in the plugged honeycomb body.

Abstract: A composite yarn fabric which can be suitably used as a material of a fiber-reinforced resin molded article is provided. The composite yarn fabric is obtained by weaving using composite yarns as at least one of the warp or the weft, the composite yarns obtained by doubling and twisting inorganic multifilament yarns and thermoplastic resin yarns. The inorganic multifilament yarns have a mass of 10 to 65 tex, monofilaments constituting the inorganic multifilament yarns have a fiber diameter of 6.6 to 9.5 ?m, a melt flow rate of a thermoplastic resin constituting the thermoplastic resin yarns is 34 to 100 g/10 minutes, and a ratio of a mass of the inorganic multifilament yarns to a total mass of the composite yarns is 40 to 90% by mass.

Abstract: An acoustic attenuation structure for a gas turbine engine includes a periodic structure having a first unit cell, the first unit cell having a first central body and a first axial tube disposed on the first central body and a second axial tube disposed on the first central body, opposite the first axial tube, each of the first axial tube and the second axial tube being in fluid communication with one another through the first central body.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced resin composite includes a honeycomb core, a fiber-reinforced resin layer, and a protection layer. The honeycomb core includes a plurality of cells that are defined by partition walls and extend in an axial direction. The fiber-reinforced resin layer is disposed around the honeycomb core. The fiber-reinforced resin layer includes continuous fibers wound around the honeycomb core. The protection layer is interposed between the honeycomb core and the fiber-reinforced resin layer. The protection layer is configured to prevent rupture of the continuous fibers.

Abstract: A door includes a rectangular panel having a first face, a second face, and two pairs of opposing edges, in which the edges of each pair of edges are parallel and in which a first pair of edges is longer than a second pair of edges. The rectangular panel includes a layered composite material, in which a first layer of the composite material has a positive Poisson's ratio (PPR) and a second layer of the composite material is disposed in contact with the first layer and that includes a material having a negative Poisson's ratio (NPR). The door includes a hinge including plates joined together by a joint, in which a first one of the plates is attached to a first one of the edges of the first pair of edges and in which a second one of the plates extends beyond the first one of the edges. The door also includes a handle opening defined through a thickness of the rectangular panel.

Abstract: A rotary component includes a plurality of rotor blades operably coupled to a rotating shaft extending along a central axis of the rotary component and an outer casing arranged exterior to the plurality of rotor blades in a radial direction of the rotary component. The outer casing defines a gap between a blade tip of each of the plurality of rotor blades and the outer casing. The outer casing includes a plurality of features formed into an interior surface thereof. Further, at least one feature of the plurality of features is a slot having an acoustic liner feature integrated therein to reduce operational noise of the rotary component.

Abstract: A soundproofing coating with a cellular structure having several structures connected in a transverse direction, each formed by connecting a first longitudinal strip with a second longitudinal strip. Each structure has, successively in the longitudinal direction, 1) a first cavity, the cross-section of which narrows gradually in the thickness of the coating until it closes, 2) a first connection of two walls, respectively of the first strip and the second strip, in contact with each other over part of the thickness of the coating, which provides a passage between the first cavity and a second cavity that thus form a Helmholtz resonator, 3) the second cavity, the cross-section of which gradually increases in the thickness of the coating and which is closed by a closing sheet, and 4) a second connection of two walls.

Abstract: A method for producing a composite panel, in particular intended for aircraft or nautical furniture. The composite panel comprising including a central core formed from a core of the low-density structured material type covered on its two faces with at least one layer of material preimpregnated with resin, with at least one of the faces of the panel being covered with a cladding. The method including the following two manufacturing steps: baking of the cladding with an adhesive film, the adhesive film being glued onto one of the faces of the cladding; and baking of the cladding and of the adhesive film on the at least one layer of material preimpregnated with resin. A composite panel obtained by the method is also provided.

Abstract: A honeycomb for curved surface lightweight components includes a plurality of elongate ribbons and connecting regions. The connecting regions are provided, respectively, between opposing ribbons to connect the ribbons together in a portion-wise manner in a firmly bonded relationship in a transverse direction. The connecting regions are arranged at regular spacings along the longitudinal direction of a ribbon. Honeycomb-like cells form cavities between the ribbons. With respect to three successive ribbons, a displacement of the connecting regions between first and second ribbons relative to the connecting regions between second and third ribbons toward a first side of the longitudinal direction is lesser than toward a second side of the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: An energy absorbing device includes a honeycomb body having two or more tubes stacked transversely with one another along a longitudinal axis. The honeycomb body includes an inboard portion and an outboard portion. The inboard portion of the honeycomb body is arranged along the longitudinal axis and has an inboard portion bending stiffness. The outboard portion of the honeycomb body is arranged outboard of the longitudinal axis, is coupled to the inboard portion of the honeycomb body, and has an outboard portion bending stiffness. The outboard portion bending stiffness of the outboard portion is greater than the inboard portion bending stiffness of the inboard portion. Structural members for vehicle bodies and vehicle bodies are also described.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to obtain a fiber-reinforced composite material achieving both lightweight properties and mechanical properties at a high level. The present invention is a fiber-reinforced composite material including: a resin (A); and a reinforcing fiber (B), and including: a fiber-reinforced structure portion including an in-plane orientation portion having an average fiber orientation angle of the reinforcing fiber (B) of 0° or more and 45° or less and an out-of-plane orientation portion having an average fiber orientation angle of the reinforcing fiber (B) of more than 45° and 90° or less; and a cavity portion defined by the in-plane orientation portion and the out-of-plane orientation portion of the fiber-reinforced structure portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to plate that comprises an upper strip (1), a lower strip (2), both of which are flat, and a multidirectionally folded, curved or undulate intermediate structure (3) arranged between the upper strip (1) and the lower strip (2), and which is joined to the upper (1) and lower (2) strips at contact zones or connection points (4) and (5), intermittently located and distributed, such that it defines at least two chambers, channels or hollow spaces, interstitial (6) and (7) and continuous, which extend throughout the plate in at least two different directions. This way, a lightweight plate is obtained that is structurally, acoustically and thermally resistant, easy to systematically manufacture or mount and can be efficiently used as an integral system for constructing slabs and similar, since the inner holes can also be used as integrated accessible channels for installations.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing device includes a printing tank to accommodate a powder material and including an opening in at least a portion thereof, and an ejector facing the opening of the printing tank to eject a curing liquid to cure the powder material toward the opening. The ejector includes nozzle strings each including nozzles side by side in a first direction. The nozzles each eject the curing liquid and are located in each of the nozzle strings at a density of about 1200 dpi or lower in the first direction. The nozzle strings are spaced away from each other by a distance of about 5 mm or longer in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: Certain examples of the present invention relate to a method for manufacturing a ceramic object derived from a 3D printed ceramic structure. The method comprises: carbonising the 3D printed ceramic structure. Such carbonising of the 3D printed ceramic structure may comprise introducing a network of carbon bonding into the 3D printed ceramic structure via: impregnating and/or coating the 3D printed ceramic structure with a carbon precursor, or printing the 3D printed ceramic structure using a ceramic printing medium comprising a carbon precursor. The resultant 3D printed ceramic structure which comprises a carbon precursor is pyrolysed so as to form a network of carbon bonding within/surrounding the 3D printed ceramic structure.

Abstract: Provided herein are various enhancements for panel inserts which can provide for mounting of threaded fasteners or other mounting members into various panels. In one example, a panel insert carrier comprises a barrel having flanged ends. The barrel comprising an axial bore therein having a threaded surface configured to removably accept a threaded insert. At least one of the flanged ends comprises an aperture for injection of potting around an exterior of the barrel when inserted into a bore hole of a panel.

Abstract: A flow suppression device adapted to be connected to a high pressure fluid system includes an outer flow containment member of a porous and flexible construction. The outer flow containment member has an upstream end and a downstream end opposite the upstream end. The upstream end includes an inlet opening adapted to receive a flow stream of pressurized fluid from the high pressure fluid system and the downstream end being substantially closed. The flow suppression device also includes a primary inner flow containment member of a porous and flexible construction contained within the outer flow containment member. The primary inner flow containment member has an upstream end with an inlet opening adjacent the inlet opening of the outer flow containment member and a downstream end opposite the upstream end of the primary inner flow containment member.

Abstract: A panel assembly for use in a vehicle includes a first face sheet, a second face sheet, and a core layer disposed between the first and second face sheets. The core layer is defined by a base material along a first section of the panel assembly, and the core layer is defined by a honeycomb structure along a second section of the panel assembly. The first section and the second section are discrete, and the first section that includes the base material extends along a perimeter of the panel assembly.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a ceramic honeycomb body having a honeycomb structure with a matrix of intersecting walls, and a skin disposed on an outer peripheral portion of the matrix where the skin has a first average porosity and the interior portion of the matrix has a second average porosity that is greater than the first average porosity. The methods include coating at least the skin with a fluid formulation containing a sintering aid and subsequently firing the honeycomb structure. In certain embodiments, a glass layer is formed in the skin or in regions of the walls directly adjacent to the skin. In certain embodiments, the coating is applied to a green honeycomb structure, and in other embodiments the coating is applied to a ceramic honeycomb structure. Other honeycomb bodies and methods are described.

Abstract: Light weight fan casing configurations for energy absorption are disclosed herein. An apparatus includes a first set of metal bands positioned within a containment casing of a turbofan engine, and a second set of metal bands traversing the first set of metal bands, the first set of metal bands and the second set of metal bands to surround at least a portion of the turbofan engine.

Abstract: A resistive skin shell for an acoustic panel or inner wall of an aircraft air intake, comprising an alternation, in a transverse direction, of perforated metal bands and of composite solid bands extending in a longitudinal direction. The perforated metal bands and the composite solid bands form a smooth outer face configured to be in contact with an aerodynamic stream, and a crenelated inner face. The composite solid bands have a thickness greater than the perforated metal bands. Since the perforations are provided in metal bands, which are intrinsically resistant to wear and erosion, the future proofing of the acoustic performance of the resistive skin is guaranteed. Since the composite solid bands, which are thicker, can ensure the mechanical strength of the skin, the thickness of the perforated metal bands can be reduced, allowing perforations with dimensions that are also reduced, having a lower impact on drag.

Abstract: A low-profile, vibration-damped tabletop for supporting sensitive scientific equipment is described. The tabletop may include a laminated structure having a lower metal plate that is sized to achieve a desired weight for the tabletop, a manufactured, homogenous filler and a “clean top” metal upper skin having a plurality of holes backed by liquid impermeable barriers. The damping characteristics are improved at low frequencies compared to a comparable structure with a honeycomb filler.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to composite laminate structures having high bending stiffness and low heat release properties and methods of making the same.

Abstract: A security cage includes a first side panel having a first vertical edge that defines a height, a first locking tab extending from the first vertical edge and defining a first upward facing hook, a second side panel having a second vertical edge, a second locking tab extending from the second vertical edge and defining a second upward facing hook. The second side panel is positioned adjacent to and parallel to the first side panel such that the first locking tab is positioned adjacent the second locking tab. A side locking member has a first downward facing hook and a second downward facing hook, the first downward facing hook engaging the first upward facing hook and the second downward facing hook engaging the second upward facing hook to fix the second side panel with respect to the first side panel.

Abstract: An aircraft fairing includes a fairing body having an exterior fairing wall and at least one wheel bin. The at least one wheel bin has a side wall extending from an opening in the exterior fairing wall to an end wall. The side wall and the end wall define a cavity of the at least one wheel bin in fluid communication with the opening in the exterior fairing wall. An acoustic resonator is mounted to an outer surface of the side wall of the at least one wheel bin and is in fluid communication with the cavity. The acoustic resonator has a resonant frequency substantially similar to a cavity modal frequency of the at least one wheel bin at an aircraft flight condition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a 3D pop-up card comprising a plush FIG. (3) reversibly convertible from a flat compressed state to a three-dimensional expanded state, and a foldable base (5) reversibly convertible from a flat compressed state to a three-dimensional expanded state, and a foldable card (2) having an inner side and an outer side, which is reversibly transferable from a folded closed state to an unfolded opened state, wherein the foldable base (5) is fixed to the inner side of the foldable card (2) and wherein the plush FIG. (3) is fixed to the foldable base (5), and wherein the card (2) comprises an additional support element (6) which is arranged inside the base (5) and supports the base (5) from the inside in the unfolded state of the card (2).

Abstract: A turbomachine blade includes a blading made of composite material with a fibrous reinforcement densified by a matrix and a metal leading edge formed by a metal foil, the foil having an intrados fin and an extrados fin which extend respectively over intrados and extrados faces of the blading by conforming to an airfoil of the blade, wherein the blade also includes at least one unidirectional fabric ply made of composite material on the leading edge between the blading and the metal foil, each unidirectional fabric ply extending at least partially over the intrados and extrados faces of the blading.

Abstract: A method of making a multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes providing a polymer sheet, providing a patterned plurality of holes or depressions in the polymer sheet, and biaxially orienting the polymer sheet having the patterned plurality of holes or depressions therein to provide a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of the outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands, thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands extending continuously throughout the geogrid and forming triangular openings.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems involving wastewater treatment systems are provided. Plastic grids, with first and second legs are provided. These first and second legs have distal ends separated from each other. Flat pipes are also provided for wastewater treatment systems.

Abstract: A filter includes a plurality of first through holes which are periodically formed. At least one of the plurality of first through holes is divided by a plurality of second through holes that are smaller than the first through holes. With such a configuration, the cell aggregate having the desired size can be easily sampled.

Abstract: A lightning strike protection (LSP) apparatus includes a first layer of fiber glass. The LSP apparatus also includes a second layer positioned on the first layer. The second layer includes carbon nanotubes (CNT). The LSP apparatus also includes a third layer positioned on the second layer. The third layer includes a surfacer. The LSP apparatus also includes a fourth layer positioned on the third layer. The fourth layer also includes the fiber glass. The LSP apparatus also includes a fifth layer positioned on the fourth layer. The fifth layer includes a primer. The LSP apparatus also includes a sixth layer positioned on the fifth layer. The sixth layer includes an outer surface material.

Abstract: An impact absorbing conveyor belt that includes an impact absorption layer, a first fabric layer and a top cover layer. The impact absorption layer has a first side. The impact absorption layer has a durometer. When the conveyor belt is in use, the first side of the impact absorption layer is oriented toward a surface of the conveyor belt on which an object being conveyed is placed. The top cover layer has a durometer that is greater than the durometer of the impact absorption layer. The first fabric layer and the top cover layer are both positioned on the first side of the impact absorption layer.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to obtain a fiber-reinforced composite material achieving both lightweight properties and mechanical properties at a high level. The present invention provides a fiber-reinforced composite material including a resin (A) and a reinforcing fiber (B), and having: a porous structure portion having micropores with an average pore diameter of 500 ?m or less as measured by a mercury intrusion method; and a coarse cavity portion defined by the porous structure portion and having a maximum length of more than 500 ?m as a cross-sectional opening portion.

Abstract: A covering for an architectural feature having generally horizontal vane elements coupled to and located between generally front and rear generally vertical support members, which in preferred embodiments are adjustable to control the amount of light transmitted through the covering. In one embodiment the covering has three dimensional multi-layered, cellular vanes, and in another embodiment, the one or more support members are formed of a dark color, the rear support member(s) may be formed of material that is darker than the front support member(s), or vise versa. In another embodiment, the support members, e.g., sheers, have an openness factor, preferably as low as about sixty-five percent (65%) to as large as about ninety percent (90%). Other embodiments include structure, assemblies and methods for controlling the closure of the covering as well as embodiments of bottom rail assemblies. Also provided is a method of manufacturing the covering.

Abstract: A variable thermal insulation assembly includes a plurality of sheets of film, wherein each sheet is bonded to an adjacent sheet along a plurality of longitudinally extending regions to form a plurality of longitudinally extending cavities, wherein the plurality of flexible sheets of each of the thermal cell arrays are formed of an electrically insulative material that is coated on one side with an electrically conductive material, a controller electrically coupled to the plurality of flexible sheets and configured to apply an electric potential difference between electrically conductive material of each pair of flexible sheets such that the electrically conductive coatings of the pair of flexible sheets attract each other to cause the thermal cell array to transition from an expanded state to a compressed state.