Abstract: A composite is provided, comprising a substrate and a film on the substrate. The film has an RMS surface roughness of 25 nm to 500 nm, a film coverage of 25% to 60%, a surface energy of less than 70 dyne/cm; and a durability of 10 to 5000 microNewtons. Depending on the particular environment in which the film is to be used, a durability of 10 to 500 microNewtons may be preferred. A film thickness 3 to 100 times the RMS surface roughness of the film is preferred.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite member, where a number of different material layers including at least one layer of gelcoat are applied in a mould, and where resin is applied for joining of the layers. The method is new in that particles are added to the gelcoat, whereby the gelcoat comprising such particles forms an outermost layer on at least a part of the manufactured composite member. Hereby is obtained a composite with a hydrophobic and lotus-like surface yielding good self-cleaning properties and which is on the same time self-regenerating. The invention furthermore relates to composite members comprising such a gelcoat layer with particles and to the use of gelcoat comprising particles for giving regenerating self-cleaning properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a component made from a substrate with a coating, whereby that coating forms a surface of the component with reduced wettability. The invention further relates to production of said component. The coating which forms a surface with projections and recesses, brings about a reduction in wettability, in particular, by means of an effect based on the properties of lotus blossom. According to the invention, a metal with antimicrobial properties, in particular silver is provided under the coating, which is not fully covered, in other words, regions remain free of the coating in which the surface of the component is formed by the antimicrobial properties.

Abstract: A process for preparing roofing granules includes forming kaolin clay into green granules and sintering the green granules at a temperature of at least 900 degrees Celsius to cure the green granules until the crystalline content of the sintered granules is at least ten percent as determined by x-ray diffraction.

Abstract: A roofing article comprising an asphaltic substrate; and a plurality of granules disposed on a surface of the substrate, said granules including a base rock and a coating, where the coating is characterized by a reflectivity, according to ASTM C1549, of at least 50%, an opacity of at least 50%, and is chemically inert, and where the base rock is characterized by a reflectivity of at least 50%, an opacity of at least 50%, and is chemically inert.

Abstract: A superconducting article includes a substrate having a biaxially textured surface, and an epitaxial biaxially textured superconducting film supported by the substrate. The epitaxial superconducting film includes particles of Ba2RENbO6 and is characterized by a critical current density higher than 1 MA/cm2 at 77K, self-field. In one embodiment the particles are assembled into columns. The particles and nanocolumns of Ba2RENbO6 defects enhance flux pinning which results in improved critical current densities of the superconducting films. Methods of making superconducting films with Ba2RENbO6 defects are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is presented for use in fabrication of metal islands on an oxide substrate. The method comprises: depositing a selected metal on the oxide substrate by evaporation of said selected metal; and annealing a film of the selected metal on said substrate at temperatures including an annealing temperature being less than 50° C. lower than a glass transition temperature, thereby forming the metal islands partially embedded in said substrate.

Abstract: Curable composition providing, upon curing, an abrasion resistant, transparent, antistatic coating comprising: —a) at least one conductive polymer, —b) colloidal particles of at least one non-conductive oxide, —c) at least one binder comprising at least one epoxysilane having at least two hydrolysable groups directly linked to the Si atom of the epoxysilane, and/or its hydrolysis product, said at least one conductive polymer and said colloidal particles of at least one non-conductive oxide being substantially not agglomerated, the content of said conductive polymer in the dry extract of said curable composition ranging from 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 10% by weight and the content of the dry extract of said at least one epoxysilane in the dry extract of said curable composition ranging from 20 to 80%, preferably 25 to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the dry extract.

Abstract: Facing material useful in the manufacture of gypsum wallboard is surfaced treated in order to adhere an amount of seed crystals to improve the adhering affinity of the facing material for wet plaster thereby permitting the manufacture of gypsum wallboard with little or no added starch and reduced amounts of water. Various means for adhering the seed crystals to the facing material are described as well as, a method of converting the facing material and wallboards containing the facing material are also described.

Abstract: Spinulose metal surfaces are produced by a modified nanoplasma cyclic deposition process. The unique spinulose surfaces are highly adherent toward polymer and bioactive molecules and cells, including osteoblast, fibroblast and endothelial cells. The nanostructured spinulose surfaces can be coated with a wide range of polymers to form polymer surface coatings that are particularly useful on implants, catheters, guidewires, stents and other medical devices intended for in vivo applications.

Abstract: A composition comprised of asphalt and filler, wherein said filler is comprised of particles that comprise an inorganic core and a coating disposed on said core, and wherein at least about 60 weight percent of said particles are smaller than about 212 microns.

Abstract: A mold for an optical plate includes a first core having a first surface; a second core opposite to the first core to form a molding space and having a second surface, the first surface and the second surface defining the molding space; and a specular layer formed on at least one of the first surface or the second surface.

Abstract: A transfer article useful for making an abrasive article is provided. The transfer article has a first liner having opposing first and second surfaces, the first surface having a release value of less than about 700 gram per inch per ASTM D3330/D3330M-04; and a powder comprising abrasive particles disposed on the first surface of the first liner. The transfer article can further include a second liner having opposing first and second surfaces. In one embodiment the powder is sandwiched between the first surfaces of the first and second liners. Methods of making a fixed abrasive article using the transfer article are also described.

Abstract: An optical member includes a glass base and plural layers formed on a surface of the glass base. The plural layers include at least one plate-crystal layer having a textured structure formed by plate crystals comprising mainly aluminum oxide, and at least one polymer layer formed between the base and the at least one plate-crystal layer and comprising mainly a polymer having an organosilsesquioxane structure. The at least one polymer layer may be a layer obtained by curing an organosilsesquioxane oligomer and/or polymer.

Abstract: The emittance value is a measure of an amount of energy expelled from a given surface area relative to a black-body reference. Depending on the specific coating a change in the emittance value is actively or passively effected. There are known active variable emittance thermal control coatings. However, such coatings are actually panels housing a mixture of both high and low emissivity materials that are electrically manipulated to control the emittance value of the panel. These “coatings” are classified as either electrochromic or electrophorectic. Both electrochromic and electrophorectic coatings require an applied voltage to cause a change in the emittance value of the coating. By contrast, aspects of the present invention do not include active variable emittance thermal control coatings. Aspects of the present invention do include passive variable emittance thermal control coatings and materials.

Abstract: A surface energy gradient on a fluid-impervious surface and method of its creation comprising the steps of a) Exposing a base surface having a proximal and a distal portion to a first solution comprising at least one molecule of the formula X-J-M1 wherein X and M1 represent separate functional groups and J represents a spacer moiety that, together, are able to promote formation from solution of a self-assembled monolayer for sufficient time to form a monolayer surface having a uniform surface energy on the base surface. b) Removing a portion of the monolayer of (a) such that a portion of the base surface is again fully or partially exposed. (c) Exposing the portion of the base surface from (b) to at least one other molecule including a functional group having a different surface energy from that of the functional group removed in(b) such that a surface energy gradient from a proximal location to a distal location is formed.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention provides methods comprising applying a material that comprises aspherical metallic particles onto at least one surface of a porous construct, thereby forming a coating on the construct. The present disclosure also provides implants that are produced in accordance with the disclosed methods. In another aspect, there are provided methods for processing a green body comprising a powder mixture in which a metal powder and a space filler assume respective positions, comprising applying a material that comprises aspherical metallic particles to at least one surface of the green body, thereby forming a coating on the green body. Such methods may further comprise sintering the green body, thereby forming an implant. The present invention also provides implants that are produced in accordance with such methods.

Abstract: A skin plate product is provided, which can be better tailored with respect to controlling the properties of the first and second surfaces by cutting holes in an adhesive matrix with a laser and subsequently filling these holes with a second material. Preferably at least one zone of the second material extends from the top surface to the bottom surface of the adhesive, with an exposed part of the second material at the top surface having a different pattern than an exposed part of the second material at the bottom surface. The zones are formed as bodies of frustums of cones having their basis at the same surface.

Abstract: A thermoplastic laminate plank is described wherein the thermoplastic laminate plank comprises a core, a print layer, and optionally an overlay. The core comprises at least one thermoplastic material and has a top surface and bottom surface wherein a print layer is affixed to the top surface of the core and an overlay layer is affixed to the top surface of the print layer. Optionally, an underlay layer can be located and affixed between the bottom surface of the print layer and the top surface of the core. In addition, a method of making the thermoplastic laminate plank is further described which involves extruding at least one thermoplastic material into the shape of the core and affixing a laminate on the core, wherein the laminate comprises an overlay affixed to the top surface of the print layer and optionally an underlay layer affixed to the bottom surface of the print layer.

Abstract: A lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic has texturing, with textured nuclei containing barium-titanate crystallites, wherein the barium-titanate crystallites have a substantially equal crystal characteristic, including form anisotropy, and an orientation in the lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic. A method for the production of a PZT ceramic has the following steps: a) providing the barium-titanate crystallite, b) mixing the barium-titanate crystallite and a starting material of the lead-zirconate-titanate into a ceramic green body such that the barium-titanate crystallites in the green body have an orientation, and c) heat-treating the green body. The heat treatment has calcination and sintering of the piezo-ceramic composition. The barium-titanate crystallites are used in a “template grain growth process” as crystallization nuclei. The piezo-ceramic component is, for example, an ultrasonic transducer or a piezo-ceramic bender actuator.

Abstract: Peptide amphiphile compounds, compositions and methods for self-assembly or nanofibrous network formation under neutral or physiological conditions.

Abstract: An abrasive comprising shaped abrasive particles each with an opening. The shaped abrasive particles are formed from alpha alumina and have a first face and a second face separated by a thickness t. The opening in each of the shaped abrasive particles can improve grinding performance by reducing the size of a resulting wear flat, can provide a reservoir for grinding aid, and can improve adhesion to a backing in a coated abrasive article.

Abstract: A superhydrophobic structure that may have a titanium substrate and nanoporous titanium oxide layer grown on the titanium substrate by anodization. The titanium oxide layer may have a plurality of nano-tube structures that create a microscopically rough surface on the titanium substrate. A hydrophobic coating may be deposited over the titanium oxide layer to create a superhydrophobic surface on the titanium substrate. The titanium oxide layer may provide a photocatalytic reaction with oxygen in surrounding air to oxidize organic contaminants on the superhydrophobic surface.

Abstract: A water-repellent, oil-repellent, and antifouling antireflection film having water-repellent, oil-repellent, and antifouling properties, a water liberation property, and durability; a method for manufacturing such an antireflection film; a lens, a glass sheet, and glass having a surface coated with a water-repellent, oil-repellent, and antifouling antireflection film; and an optical apparatus, a solar energy system, and a display equipped with such components are provided.

Abstract: Methods for forming surface roughened titanium dioxide coatings are disclosed. Sol-gel compositions may be prepared having colloidal metal oxide particles and/or colloidal silica particles, formed on a substrate, and subsequently the coated substrate may be heated at a temperature sufficient to form a surface roughened anatase titanium dioxide coating. Surface roughened titanium dioxide coatings having at least one of improved antimicrobial properties, self-cleaning properties, hydrophilicity, and/or activation time are also disclosed. Substrates comprising such coatings are also disclosed.

Abstract: A corrosion barrier is provided, disposed on a substrate. The corrosion barrier includes a vapor corrosion inhibitor (VCI) material and an anti-wetting barrier having a nano-particle composite structure.

Abstract: There is described a process for the production of a multilayer body (4) having an electrically conductive layer (421) arranged on a carrier layer (41), in which there is provided a transfer film (5) having a transfer layer (52) of an electrically conductive polymer. The electrically conductive layer is transferred from the transfer film (5) on to the multilayer body (4). There are also provided a transfer film and a multilayer body produced in accordance with the process.

Abstract: A roofing material, such as laminated shingles, comprising fines deposited on an upper surface of the roofing material, particularly on one or more non-weathering regions, such as on the headlap region, and/or shim layer. The fines may be deposited, for example, as a strip from about 0.5 inches to about 2.5 inches in width and extend the length of the roofing material at a fixed position from one edge of the roofing material to the opposite edge of the roofing material. The fines may comprise mica flakes, copper slag, coal slag, sand, talc, expanded clay, slate flour, powdered limestone or silica dust.

Abstract: The present invention relates to roofing materials for roofs, sidewalls and other exterior surfaces exposed to the weather such as, but not limited to, asphaltic and non-asphaltic roofing materials, wherein metal flakes cover up to 100% of the weathering surface of the roofing materials. The metal flakes may be applied to the surface in striations or bands separated by conventional roofing granules or may be blended with conventional roofing granules. The metal flakes may have antimicrobial potential and may provide resistance to microbial growth to roofing materials when dispersed in or applied thereto. The present invention also relates to methods of making the roofing materials.

Abstract: A method for producing a clay thin film, which is formed of clay alone or in combination with an additive and has a structure where oriented clay particles are laminated, the method including paste-making in which clay alone or in combination with an additive are dispersed in a dispersion medium formed of water, an organic solvent, or a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent to prepare clay paste; coating in which a thin film is formed by coating the clay paste on a substrate; planarization in which the thin film is planarized; drying in which water, an organic solvent, or water and an organic solvent are removed from the thin film; and separation in which the thin film is separated from the substrate.

Abstract: An asphalt-based roofing material includes a coating having a top portion containing a mixture of asphalt and igneous and/or metamorphic rock particles, while the mat portion of the coating contains a mixture of asphalt and a filler which contains less than 10% igneous and/or metamorphic rock particles. In other embodiments, the top portion but not the bottom portion of the coating meets or exceeds a pliability standard, passes a weathering performance test, or has a high solar reflectance. In another embodiment relating to a laminated roofing material, the top portion but not the bottom portion has viscoelastic properties effective to prevent the coating from sticking to an adjacent shingle in a bundle. The invention also relates to a continuous process of applying first and second coatings to a mat for manufacturing a roofing material.

Abstract: A porous metal thin film formed from aluminum has a film structure in which domains having an average diameter of 200 nm or more, and 500 nm or less and being formed through aggregation of a plurality of grains having an average grain diameter of 50 nm or more, and 160 nm or less are distributed discretely at an average distance of 5 nm or more, and 40 nm or less, wherein the area occupied by the above-described domains is 60% or more, and 90% or less in a cross-section in any direction of the porous metal thin film.

Abstract: Anti-fouling coating consisting of a resinous binder layer comprising nanoscale hydrophobic particles, —the particles not only being located in the binder layer but also protruding from it, —the particle/binder ratio being 2.5 to 5, and—the particle concentration of the binder layer being 0.01 to 1 g/m2.

Abstract: Precursor alpha alumina abrasive particles in a mold are subjected to a drying process that cracks or fractures at least a majority of the precursor abrasive particles into at least two pieces thereby producing abrasive shards having a smaller size than the mold cavity from which they were made. The smaller abrasive shards, once formed, could be reassembled like jigsaw puzzle pieces to reproduce the original cavity shape of the mold from which they were made. The cracking or fracturing of the precursor abrasive particles is believed to occur by ensuring that the surface tension of the abrasive dispersion to the walls of the mold is greater than the internal attractive forces of the abrasive dispersion as the abrasive dispersion is dried within the mold cavity.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to superabrasive materials, superabrasive compacts employing such superabrasive materials, and methods of fabricating such superabrasive materials and compacts. One or more embodiments of a superabrasive material include a plurality of first superabrasive regions characteristic of being formed at least partially from a plurality of agglomerates, with each first superabrasive region including a plurality of first superabrasive grains that exhibit a first average grain size, and a matrix through which the plurality of first superabrasive regions is dispersed. The matrix includes a plurality second intercrystalline-bonded superabrasive grains that exhibit a second average grain size.

Abstract: Presently described are (e.g. brightness enhancing film) optical articles comprising the reaction product of a polymerizable resin and surface modified inorganic nanoparticles, methods of surface modifying inorganic nanoparticles, and surface modified inorganic nanoparticles. The surface treatment comprises at least one monocarboxylic acid having a refractive index of at least 1.50 and/or at least one monocarboxylic acid having a Mn of at least 200 g/mole and an ethylenically unsaturated group and/or at least one dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: A component for a vacuum apparatus for use in a plasma processing apparatus or a film forming apparatus for a semiconductor or the like, in which a surface is covered with a ceramic and/or metallic thermal spray film and projection-shaped particles of a width of 10-300 ?m, a height of 4-600 ?m and an average height/width ratio of 0.4 or higher are present within a range of 20-20,000 particle/mm2 on the surface of the thermal spray film. The thermal spray film has a porosity of 10-40%, shows a high adhering property to a film-shaped substance, is free from a product contamination by particles generated by a peeling of the film-shaped substance and can be continuously used over a prolonged period.

Abstract: The present invention relates to roofing materials for roofs, sidewalls and other exterior surfaces exposed to the weather such as, but not limited to, asphaltic and non-asphaltic roofing materials, wherein color coated metal flakes cover up to 100% of the weathering surface of the roofing materials. The metal flakes are coated with a colored coating material by fluidizing the flakes in an air stream, spraying pressurized air and colored coating material, and curing the coated metal flakes. The present invention also relates to methods of making roofing materials.

Abstract: A composite is provided, comprising a substrate and a film on the substrate. The film has an RMS surface roughness of 25 nm to 500 nm, a film coverage of 25% to 60%, a surface energy of less than70 dyne/cm; and a durability of 10 to 5000 microNewtons. Depending on the particular environment in which the film is to be used, a durability of 10 to 500 microNewtons may be preferred. A film thickness 3 to 100 times the RMS surface roughness of the film is preferred.

Abstract: A composite is provided, comprising a substrate and a film on the substrate. The film has an RMS surface roughness of 25 nm to 500 nm, a film coverage of 25% to 60%, a surface energy of less than 70 dyne/cm; and a durability of 10 to 5000 microNewtons. Depending on the particular environment in which the film is to be used, a durability of 10 to 500 microNewtons may be preferred. A film thickness 3 to 100 times the RMS surface roughness of the film is preferred.

Abstract: A durable optical film or element includes a polymerized structure having a microstructured surface and a plurality of surface modified colloidal nanoparticles of silica, zirconia, or mixtures thereof. Display devices including the durable microstructured film are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a retroreflective sheet with a discernable image. The retroreflective sheet comprises a transparent polymeric spacing layer having a first surface and a second surface; a layer of transparent microsphere lenses embedded into the first surface of the spacing layer at varying depths forming an image, wherein the spacing layer adheres to and conforms to the microspheres; and a reflective layer adhered to the second surface of the spacing layer. The present invention also provides methods for preparing such retroreflective sheet.

Abstract: Provided is a silver conductive film, a thin film of silver comprising a sintered layer of silver particles having a mean particle size DTEM of at most 100 nm. Its specific resistance is at most 5 ??·cm, the ratio of the voids in the sintered layer is at most 3/?m2, and the film has a texture structure with a surface roughness Ra of from 10 to 100 nm. The silver conductive film having such a texture structure may be produced according to a production process comprising a step of applying a silver particle dispersion of silver particles having a mean particle size DTEM of at most 100 nm dispersed in a non-polar or poorly-polar liquid organic medium having a boiling point of from 60 to 300° C., onto a substrate to form a coating film thereon, and thereafter baking the coating film.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a reliable laminated optical element that is a hybrid optical element obtained by laminating an optical resin layer on an optical substrate such as a glass substrate, the optical resin layer being less likely to be separated from the optical substrate even under high temperature and high humidity conditions. The laminated optical element comprises an optical substrate 1 made of an optical material, an intermediate layer 2 provided on the optical substrate 1, and an optical resin layer 3 provided on the intermediate layer 2. The optical resin layer 3 is made of a resin composed of an organometallic polymer having an -M-O-M- bond (M is a metal atom), a metal alkoxide and/or a hydrolysate thereof having only one hydrolyzable group, and an organic polymer having a urethane bond and a methacryloxy group or an acryloxy group.

Abstract: A diffusion brightness enhancement sheet includes a substrate and a prism structure. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface, which are disposed opposite to each other The substrate has a diffusion material, and the prism structure is disposed over the second surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wear-resistant particle which can be substantially uniformly dispersed in a molten pool. Specifically disclosed is a wear-resistant particle (13) which is dispersed in a matrix metal for improving wear resistance thereof. The wear-resistant particle is characterized by being composed of a material containing a first hard material and a second hard material while having a particle diameter of 0.2-9 mm. The wear-resistant particle is further characterized in that the material consists of 60-96% by volume of a carbide and the balance of a metal.

Abstract: A transparent antireflection film, including fine irregularities mainly composed of alumina, and a transparent thin film layer supporting the fine irregularities, in which the transparent thin film layer contains at least one selected from the group consisting of zirconia, silica, titania, and zinc oxide. A production method for the aforementioned transparent antireflection film, including: forming a multicomponent film using an application liquid containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a zirconium compound, a silicon compound, a titanium compound, and a zinc compound, and at least an aluminum compound; and subjecting the multicomponent film to warm water treatment.

Abstract: A non-scratch enameled cooking utensil and method of manufacturing the cooking utensil. The cooking utensil can comprise a base with an inner face adapted to receive food and an outer face adapted to be positioned proximate a heat source. The outer face is coated with an enamel coating which comprises rounded fillers. Some of the rounded fillers protrude from the enamel coating such that said protrusion is visible from an outer surface of the enamel coating. At least some of the rounded fillers are formed from a material having a melting point greater than 900° C. and MOHS hardness less than 6. The protruding rounded fillers are distributed homogeneously on the outer surface of the enamel coating.

Abstract: A method of marking a pavement surface is described comprising applying a pavement marking on the pavement surface. The pavement marking comprises transparent microspheres partially embedded in a binder wherein the micropheres comprise a lanthanide series oxide or yttrium oxide and aluminum oxide, in cobination with zirconia, titania, or mixtures thereof. Retroreflective articles including pavement marking tapes and reflective elements are also described.

Abstract: This invention provides a coating agent, which can form a coating film over a wide area in a simple manner, is chemically and physically stable, and can form an ultrathin film, a coating film, a method for formation of coating film, and various products coated with the coating film. The coating agent contains thin sheet titanium oxide fine particles. The coating agent may comprise a solution containing a titania nanosheet and a sol of silicon oxide or titanium oxide. The coating film is formed by coating and then drying and heating the coating and has a microstructure in which thin sheet titanium oxide fine particles are stacked with a high level of orientation.