Abstract: An NO.sub.x -cleaning paving block comprising a surface layer which contains titanium dioxide and which is layered on a concrete-made base layer.

Abstract: A belt for conveying articles, which belt has a body having a surface against which articles are placed to be frictionally held and thereby conveyed as the belt is advanced in operation. The belt body surface is defined by rubber and a porous filler in the rubber. The porous filler is present in the rubber in an amount of at least 5 parts by weight of porous filler per 100 parts by weight of rubber.

Abstract: An acid-resistant glass article is provided comprising: about 25-45 wt-% SiO.sub.2 ; about 20-35 wt-% TiO.sub.2 ; less than about 5 wt-% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; about 15-40 wt-% of an alkaline earth modifier selected from the group consisting of BaO, SrO, and mixtures thereof; and no greater than about 25 wt-% of an alkali-metal oxide selected from the group consisting of Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O, and mixtures thereof. The glass article is preferably in the form of a microsphere that is adapted for use as a retroreflective element in pavement markings.

Abstract: An aromatic polyamide film is disclosed, which contains micro-particles in an amount in a range from 0.001 to 10% by weight, characterized in that, at least on one film surface, a distribution density of projections having a height in a range from 0.01 .mu.m to 0.05 .mu.m is in a range from 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.7 /mm.sup.2 ; that of projections having a height in a range from 0.27 .mu.m to less than 0.54 .mu.m is in a range from 0 to 5/cm.sup.2 ; that of projections having a height in a range from 0.54 .mu.m to less than 0.81 .mu.m is in a range from 0 to 2/10 cm.sup.2 ; and that of projections having a height of 0.81 .mu.m or more is in a range from 0 to 0.5/100 cm.sup.2. The aromatic polyamide film has both satisfactory slipperiness and surface smoothness, and is suitably used as an electro-insulating material for a high rotational speed electric appliance, a base film for a solar cell, or a flexible printed circuit board.

Abstract: A lubricant film coated steel sheet having excellent phosphatability, in accordance with the present invention, is a lubricant film coated steel sheet produced by forming a coating containing silicic acid or silicate on a steel sheet or a plated steel sheet, wherein the surface roughness of the steel sheet or the plated steel sheet is 0.5 to 1.5 .mu.m as the centerline-average roughness RA and the PPI (cut-off value of 1.25 .mu.m) thereof is 75 to 300; and the content of silicic acid or silicate in the coating is 1 to 200 mg/m.sup.2 as corrected into dried SiO.sub.2 weight or the coating ratio of the coating is 1 to 60%.

Abstract: This invention relates to a unitary roofing shingle sheet comprising (a) an undivided cop section having an unexposable upper portion and a lower portion carrying a partially exposable horizontal band of distinguishable colors or color patterns and (b) exposable tabs in a butt bottom section depending from the lower boundary of the band in the partially exposable portion of (a); the exposable portions of said shingle being covered with weather resistant granules of distinguishable hues or patterns disposed in discrete exposable areas in the band of section (a) and on each of said tabs so as to provide a distinctive color or pattern for each tab and a contrasting color or color pattern above each tab in the adjoining exposable portion of said band of section (a).

Abstract: A conformable magnetic article for underlayment beneath a traffic-bearing surface which sends a magnetic signal to a sensor traveling over the traffic-bearing structure. The magnetic article comprises at least one conformable magnetic layer comprising a binder and a sufficient amount of magnetic particles dispersed within the binder to provide a magnetic signal through the traffic-bearing structure to a sensor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing retroreflective sheeting useful for marking or the like of signs such as road signs and construction signs; number plates of vehicles such as motorcars and motorcycles; materials for safety such as clothes and life jackets; signboards, etc.

Abstract: The combination of a backspin sticker and a golf club having an angled surface for increasing the backspin of a golf ball when it hits the putting surface. The invention is a sticker, shaped to conform to a hitting area on the hitting surface, the sticker having a front surface with a coating of silicon carbide grain affixed with a synthetic resin and an adhering region having a clear, pressure sensitive adhesive applied thereon, and a release liner adhered to the adhesive for preserving the adhesive qualities.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a decorative slip-resistant cover system includes the step of impacting a softened polymer film with a plurality of beads such that a section of each bead protrudes from the softened polymer film. The softened polymer film is hardened. The sections of the beads are embedded into an upper layer of the cover system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of patterning a concrete surface and a pattern transfer mat for use in the method. The pattern transfer mat has a transfer surface having three-dimensional irregularities and carrying a multiplicity of grains to be transferred to the substrate concrete. Concrete is cast against the transfer surface of the mat and cured in situ and the mat is then detached. The aesthetic grains are grains having a cement powder deposited thereon beforehand. The cement powder absorbs water to cause fine air cells therein to collapse. Thus, the finished surface of the case concrete structure is made smoother.

Abstract: In an adsorbing body for humidity and odorous gas exchange such as an adsorbing sheet for dehumidification, an adsorbing element for dehumidification or an adsorbing element for total heat energy exchange, a sheet or a honeycomb laminate is impregnated or coated with silica sol containing, as solid content, not more than 30% of the silica sol weight of minute silica particles not larger than 120 .ANG. in diameter which contain many stable silanol radicals on the surface and 0.01-1% of alkali metal ion Na.sub.2 O. It is then dried to rigidly fix silica gel. Other humidity adsorbing or absorbing agents such as zeolite, organic high-polymer electrolyte, etc. may be mixed in said silica sol. Silica gel with excellent humidity adsorbing ability can be strongly adhered to a sheet or a honeycomb laminate in an extremely simple method.

Abstract: An interior automotive skin material comprises a thermoplastic resinous base coat/clear coat paint film bonded to the outer surface of a thermoplastically formable semi-rigid resinous backing sheet. The base coat/clear coat paint film is preferably formed by dry paint transfer techniques in which the clear coat layer and pigmented base coat layer are coated on a polyester carrier and dried, followed by transfer-laminating the base coat/clear coat paint film from the carrier to the backing sheet on which the clear coat layer forms a low gloss protective outer surface. The clear coat material preferably comprises an alloy of an acrylic resin and a fluoropolymer resin, preferably polyvinylidene fluoride. The low surface gloss of the outer clear coat is produced by a dispersed fine particulate filler such as silica combined with coating the outer clear coat layer on a matte carrier.

Abstract: This invention relates to substrates for paperboard packing with an improved sizing layer including a styrene maleic anhydride binder for reducing edgewicking. Such structures of this type, generally, reduce the edgewick in the paperboard package such that catastrophic failure of the paperboard package is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A transparent functional film comprising a transparent plastic substrate film and a hard coat layer provided thereon, wherein functional ultrafine particles are present in a highly localized form, thereby enabling the functional ultrafine particles to effectively exhibit their function and, at the same time, the hard coat layer to have a good adhesion to the functional ultrafine particle layer; and also an antireflection film and processes for producing the transparent functional film and the antireflection film.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented polyamide resin film superior in slip characteristics and transparency, which comprises a polyamide resin containing surface-forming fine particles in a proportion of 0.03-0.80% by weight of the film, the film surface having protrusions formed by the fine particles contained in a proportion of 200-1,000 protrusions/mm.sup.2, and the area proportion of voids formed on the film surface being not more than 0.1%. The present invention provides a biaxially oriented polyamide resin film strong and superior in resistance to pinhole, laminating property and appearance, which is free of curling or peeling of laminated films (delamination) when subjected to boiling water treatment and which has superior properties as a packing material, particularly, a packing bag for retort-packed food.

Abstract: A prepress color proof can be prepared using suitable donor elements and an intermediate receiver element that has a roughened outer image receiving layer so that the color image is transferred with high image resolution. The intermediate receiver element can also have a cushioning layer beneath the outer image receiving layer that reduces the tendency for entrapped dirt particles to form minus density spot defects. In addition, a unique carrier plate can be used to carry the donor and intermediate receiver elements through laminating equipment. This carrier plate has a thermoplastic adhesive layer with sufficient tackiness to prevent irreversible dimensional change during lamination.

Abstract: In the waterproof lightweight grain-tone decorative panel of the present invention, a waterproof grain-tone paint layer is formed on the surface of a lightweight board such as a plastic foaming board and the like. In the layer, a micro-hollow fine ceramic particle of a waterproof pressure strength of 600 kgf/cm.sup.2 or more and a crushed natural stone particle are bound with a synthetic resin waterproof binder.

Abstract: A peelable roadway marking tape has a multi-layer structure which provides durability and ease of removal. The marking tape includes a top layer of pigmented vinyl paint with reflective glass beads incorporated therein applied to an intermediate backing layer of either aluminum or vinyl. The backing layer is then laminated to a polyester mesh reinforcement layer, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive hot melt is applied to the under side surface of the mesh for attachment to the roadway surface. In an alternate embodiment of the invention, a layer of high density polyethylene is laminated between the mesh layer and an aluminum backing layer.

Abstract: A copolyester composition comprising poly(ethylene naphthalate bibenzoate) ("PENBB") and 0.001 to 5% by weight of fine silica particles having an average diameter of 0.01 to 3.0 .mu.m. Further, films are made from this copolyester composition.

Abstract: A method of producing a composite film by forming a substrate layer of polymeric material having an at least one surface a heat-sealable layer and applying a particulate additive to the exposed surface of the heat-sealable layer with the particulate additive bonding to and/or penetrating into the heat-sealable layer.The exposed surface of the heat-sealable layer has greater than 100 surface protrusions per mm2 produced by the particulate additive. The surface protrusions have an average peak height in the range from 5 to 400 nm measured from the average level of the surface of the heat-sealable layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an elastic metallized film composed of an elastic film and a metallic coating substantially covering at least a portion of at least one side of the film. The elastic film may be formed from a thermoset elastic material, a thermoplastic elastic material or a naturally occurring polymeric elastic material. The film may also be microporous and/or micropertured. The elastic metallized film has a metallic coating with an thickness ranging from about 1 nanometer to about 5 microns and which remains on the film when the film is stretched at least about 25 percent. The elastic metallized film may be joined with other materials to form multi-layer materials. Also disclosed is a process of making an elastic metallized film.

Abstract: A retroreflective composition of the present invention comprises non-volatile matrix material, volatile constituent, and a plurality of retroreflective microsphere beads wherein the ratio of the volume of matrix material to the volume of retroreflective microsphere beads is in the range of 75% to 185%, and is optimally suitable for use on fabrics.

Abstract: A self-supporting sheet-like structure is described, which contains a substrate layer and a structured coating on at least one surface of the substrate layer. The structured coating is produced by treating at least one surface of the substrate layer by means of an electric corona discharge, which takes place between a high voltage electrode and a grounded counter-electrode. In this procedure, an aerosol containing discrete inert particles is simultaneously introduced into the corona discharge space during the corona discharge to improve the slip characteristics and reduce friction of the substrate layer.

Abstract: An abrasive tape is disclosed, comprising a flexible support having thereon an abrasive layer containing mainly an abrasive particle and a binder resin, wherein said abrasive layer has a thickness of from 0.3 to 10.0 .mu.m, an interlayer is provided between said abrasive layer and said flexible support, the thickness of said interlayer is 1 .mu.m or more, 30% or more of the thickness of said flexible support and larger than the thickness of said abrasive layer, and said interlayer has a Young's modulus of from 10 to 150 Kg/mm.sup.2. The abrasive tape may be used for cleaning and polishing a magnetic head.

Abstract: The present invention relates to retroreflective transfer sheets and graphic images produced therefrom, i.e., appliques. The retroreflective applique includes: a layer of optical lens elements partially embedded in and protruding from the front surface of a binder resin layer and a transfer adhesive layer comprising a vinyl plastisol disposed on the rear surface of the binder resin layer. The binder resin layer is prepared from ingredients comprising an isocyanate-functional hardener and a resin selected from the group consisting of a polyester resin and a polyurethane resin.

Abstract: A display which when illuminated by a light source is adapted to present selectively to an observer colors and images that depend both on the angular position of the observer and on the angular position of the light source relative to the display. The display includes a substrate on which is coated an opaque base layer having a color image printed thereon. Coated over the base layer is an intermediate layer of transparent material having interference pigment particles dispersed therein which impart goniochromatic properties to this layer, the color seen by the observer depending on said angular positions. Overlying the intermediate layer is a retroreflectivity layer formed by transparent beads whereby light reflected from the base layer or from the intermediate layer, as seen by the observer, passes through the retroreflectivity layer to enhance the brilliance of the colors or images presented to the observer.

Abstract: This invention relates to glass microsphere (bead) coated articles having an upper surface comprising a layer of low refractive index transparent glass microspheres such as those made from recycled ordinary glass. The articles of the invention have an extremely smooth tactile feel and a low friction surface even though they can be prepared from glass microspheres intermixed with abrasive irregularly shaped glass particles. The invention also relates to the method making the bead coated articles of the invention and transfer articles that can be used to make the bead coated articles of the invention.

Abstract: A decorative sheet for construction is disclosed. The decorative sheet for construction comprises a thermoplastic polyester resin foam forming a surface layer, a large number of inorganic aggregates scattered over the surface of the foam in the presence of an adhesive, said inorganic aggregates forming a decorative face layer by the medium of the adhesive, and a backing layer formed on the decorative face layer. The decorative sheet of the present invention enables its decorative face layer with a backing layer to be reliably and readily transferred to the surface of concrete construction or products, and yet which enables a foam layer as a protective layer for the decorative face layer with a backing layer to be readily removed after application. A decorative concrete product for construction using the same, and processes for preparing them are also disclosed.

Abstract: An anti-skid mat for placement upon a slippery support surface comprising a resilient matrix sheet member having a top surface and a bottom surface. An abrasive structure on the bottom surface of the resilient matrix sheet member is for preventing slippage of the resilient matrix sheet member on the slippery support surface. This forms a safe walkway for a person, when the person steps upon the top surface of the resilient matrix sheet member.

Abstract: A rubber article has a rubber base body and a non-black areal member attached to the surface of the rubber base body. The rubber base body is made of a rubber compound containing at least one a basic, amino-group containing, aromatic anti-oxidant. The non-black areal member contains inorganic acidic components.

Abstract: An advanced, lightweight composite roofing shingle specifically designed to prevent hail damage and high wind uplift. The inventive laminate includes a conventional random fiberglass mat (20) used for shingle stability, sandwiched by an upper ply of Kevlar fabric (28) selected for high impact resistance, and a bottom ply of E-glass fabric (24) or similar type oriented for exceptional bending resistance. The fibrous materials are saturated or coated, and bonded with a suitable matrix such as roofing asphalt. Design flexibility, inherent in the novel roofing shingle concept, allows the material properties to be optimized for cost and performance based on weather requirements in various geographical regions of the country.

Abstract: A decorative board comprising an inorganic substrate comprising an inorganic material other than a metal or a glass and having an organic or inorganic layer on a surface thereof, the substrate having consecutively thereon (1) a transfer base layer comprising a polyol-curing polyurethane resin, which is transparent or contains a colorant so as to have a color with hiding properties; (2) a transfer-printed layer having a pattern; and (3) a topcoat layer comprising a polyol-curing polyurethane resin.

Abstract: A coated abrasive article comprising:(a) a backing;(b) at least one layer comprising a plurality of precisely shaped abrasive particles that comprise abrasive grits and a free-radically polymerized binder, wherein said precisely shaped particles have vertexes and(c) a bonding medium which serves to adhere said precisely shaped particles to said backing;wherein the precisely shaped particles are randomly disposed on the backing such that at least a portion of said particles are oriented with said vertexes pointing toward said backing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a connecting element comprises two strips adapted to be connected with the parts and/or bodies to be joined, and which after being thrust together detachably adhere together. In order to attain the aim of creating such a connecting element with an extremely low height and more particularly by pliancy and softness the first strip comprises a support tape of pliant material, on which a material composed of particles such as silicic acid with a size between fine-grained and pulverulent is adhered. The other strip may comprise a material with elastic and plastic properties.

Abstract: The invention pertains to the production of ceramic substrates used in the manufacture of thin-film photovoltaic cells used for directly converting solar energy to electrical energy. Elongated ribbon-like sheets of substrate precursor containing a mixture of ceramic particulates, a binder, and a plasticizer are formed and then while green provided with a mechanically textured surface region used for supporting the thin film semiconductor of the photovoltaic cell when the sheets of the substrate precursor are subsequently cut into substrate-sized shapes and then sintered. The textured surface pattern on the substrate provides enhanced light trapping and collection for substantially increasing the, solar energy conversion efficiency of thin-film photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: A base film having dimensional stability and high transparency, which comprises (A) a plastic film having on either one or both sides thereof (B) a thin film layer comprising (1) an oxide of silicon and (2) a fluoride of alkaline earth metal, or comprising (1) an oxide of silicon, (2) a fluoride of alkaline earth metal, and (3) an oxide of magnesium, the thin film layer (B) being formed by a vacuum film forming process. A photographic light-sensitive material comprising the base film having dimensional stability and high transparency, having on either one or both sides thereof (C) a photographic layer.

Abstract: A substrate for a magnetic disc, which comprises a crystallized glass consisting essentially of an amorphous glass continuous phase and crystal particles dispersed in the continuous phase, the substrate having fine projections of the crystal particles on the surface thereof, a method of producing the substrate, the magnetic disc using the substrate, and a method of producing the magnetic disc are provided. The crystallized glass is made from a glass material of a Li.sub.2 O--SiO.sub.2, Li.sub.2 O--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2, Li.sub.2 O--MgO--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2, MgO--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2, Na.sub.2 O--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO .sub.2 or BaO--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2 system, and the crystal particles have one or more compositions selected from Li.sub.2 O--SiO.sub.2, Li.sub.2 O.2SiO.sub.2, Li.sub.2 O.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.2Si.sub.2, Li.sub.2 O.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 4SiO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2 and 2MgO--2Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.5SiO.sub.2, and an average particle size of 0.01 to 3.0 .mu.

Abstract: A rigid magnetic memory disc(28) is disclosed having a substantially flat, central hard core substrate(12) and an overlying smoothing layer(14) deposited thereon. The smoothing layer(14) is subsequently polished to a predetermined thickness. The smoothing layer(14) should be capable of having a surface finish better than approximately ten Angstroms Ra. After the smoothing layer(14) is polished, an appropriate magnetic medium(16) and alternately, a nonmagnetic finishing layer(16) are then applied to the rigid disc substrate(10) as necessary, ultimately rendering a finished magnetic disc.

Abstract: An oriented, multilayer polyolefin film is described. It includes a base layer essentially containing polypropylene, and at least one heat-sealable outer layer. The heat-sealable outer layer contains from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of SiO.sub.2 which has been subjected to organic aftertreatment coating and has a mean particle diameter of from 2 to 6 .mu.m, preferably from 4 to 5 .mu.m. The ratio between the mean particle diameter and the outer layer thickness is in the range from 3 to 11. Also described is a process for the production of the multilayer polyolefin film and the use thereof.

Abstract: A retroreflective article (100, 200, 300) includes a monolayer of retroreflective elements (120, 220, 320), a binder layer (110, 210, 310), and a compound comprising an aromatic bidentate moiety. The retroreflective elements (120, 220, 320) are partially embedded in the binder layer (110, 210, 310), and the compound is chemically associated with the retroreflective elements (120, 220, 320) to provide extraordinary laundering durability to the retroreflective article (100, 200, 300).

Abstract: An abrasion resistant pattern is provided. This pattern is composed of a pattern and a paint film coated thereon, which film includes about 5% or more by volume of powder material having a New Mohs' hardness of 6 or more. This pattern can bear the repeated impact of the casting sand, and can be used to lower casting costs.

Abstract: The invention relates to an abrasive article comprising:(a) a plurality of abrasive grains; and(b) at least one binder for the abrasive grains,wherein the binder comprises a cured epoxy resin containing a polycyclic aryl, polycyclic alkyl, or cycloalkyl structure. The abrasive articles can comprise bonded, non-woven or coated abrasive articles.

Abstract: Retroreflective appliques comprising a monolayer of retroreflective elements partially embedded in and protruding from the front surface of a binder layer and an optional layer of adhesive on the rear surface of the binder layer, wherein the binder layer, the adhesive layer, or both contain a metal-azo dye to camouflage the color of any exposed portions of said binder layer. Appliques comprising micropheres with aluminum reflectors as retroreflective elements and a black metal-azo dye in the binder layer will exhibit a pleasing silver appearance even after portions of the binder layer have been visibly exposed due to degradation of the aluminum reflectors, typically as a result of subjecting the applique to harsh laundering conditions.

Abstract: A molded part formed of a liquid or pasty materials has a prepared outside surface for adhering to another molded part having a similar adhering surface. A prepared foil with individual members protruding from two opposite surfaces is placed in the mold before the molded part is poured. The protruding members on one side of the foil are bonded into the molded part. When the molded part is removed from the mold, the protruding members on the other side are exposed and can receive a suitable bonding agent whereby this molded part can be secured to another similar molded part.

Abstract: A conformable marking tape having improved mechanical properties comprises a support base and a top-coat layer, the support base comprising a highly saturated acrylonitrile elastomer grafted with a zinc salt of methacrylic acid. The top-coat layer preferably comprises a polyurethane resin having about 50 to about 65% by weight of rigid segments and about 35 to about 50% by weight of flexible segments. The rigid segments are derived from diisocyanates and aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic chain extenders, and the flexible segments are derived from polymeric compounds having at least two active hydrogen atoms and having weight average molecular weights ranging from about 400 to about 4000.

Abstract: This invention relates to elastomeric flexible articles (e.g., film articles) that exhibit enhanced lubricity ("slip") with respect to both dry and damp surfaces, particularly skin or other tissue of the wearer, as compared to similar articles or films that are not treated as described herein. This invention also relates to processes for making such articles or films.

Abstract: Non-slip laminatable materials are provided by coating a polymer sheet backing with mineral particles adhered to the backing by a radiation curable adhesive.

Abstract: This invention relates to elastomeric flexible articles (e.g., film articles) that exhibit enhanced lubricity ("slip") with respect to both dry and damp surfaces, particularly skin or other tissue of the wearer, as compared to similar articles or films that are not treated as described herein. This invention also relates to processes for making such articles or films.

Abstract: Volcanic ash is applied to hot asphalt roofing shingles during manufacture to maintain separation and inhibit color transfer between the shingles when stacked. Volcanic ash is separated into a fine particulate component which is a respirable dust and a remainder separating agent component which can be handled without respiratory equipment. After a roofing shingle core material such as an organic film or fiberglass sheet has been dipped into hot asphalt and colored roofing granules have been applied to one side of the hot asphalt-coated core material, the separating agent component is applied by spraying or gravity feed through a perforated plate to the opposite side of the hot asphalt-coated core material.