Abstract: Methods for revitalizing components of a plasma processing apparatus that includes a sensor for detecting a thickness or roughness of a peeling weakness layer on a protective surface coating of a plasma processing tool and/or for detecting airborne contaminants generated by such peeling weakness layer. The method includes detecting detrimental amounts of peeling weakness layer buildup or airborne concentration of atoms or molecules from the peeling weakness layer, and initiating a revitalization process that bead beats the peeling weakness layer to remove it from the component while maintaining the integrity of the protective surface coating.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide ice mitigating surface coatings and methods for applying ice mitigating surface coatings. Various embodiment ice mitigating surface coatings may be formed by hydrolysis of one or more substituted n-alkyldimethylalkoxysilanes terminated with functionalities having the following characteristics with respect to water: 1) non-polar interactions; 2) hydrogen bonding through donor and acceptor interactions; or 3) hydrogen bonding through acceptor interactions only. The substituted n-alkyldimethylalkoxysilanes of the various embodiments may include methyl terminated species, hydroxyl terminated species, ethylene glycol terminated species, and methoxyethylene glycol terminated species. Various embodiment ice mitigating surface coatings may be applied to metal surfaces, such as aluminum surfaces. Various embodiment substituted n-alkyldimethylalkoxysilanes may have an aliphatic chain that is saturated and liner or branched or that is partially unsaturated and liner or branched.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for preparing a composite material. The present application provides a method for preparing a composite material comprising a metal foam and a polymer component, wherein the polymer component is formed in an asymmetrical structure on both sides of the metal foam, and a composite material prepared in such a manner.

Abstract: A method is proposed for producing a CMC-component (6) comprising at least the steps of pyrolizing (2) a green body (1; 10) made of a fiber (15)-reinforced thermoplastic material (14) and infiltrating (4) the pyrolized green body by a liquid carbide forming substance (31). The fibers (15) of the green body (1; 10) are arranged in one or several strands (16), each of these strands (16) having a main extension direction. The lengths of the fibers (15) of each strand (16) are larger than the overall length (L) of the green body (1; 10) along the main extension direction of this strand (16).

Abstract: In a method according to embodiments of the invention, for a predetermined amount of light produced by a light emitting diode and converted by a phosphor layer comprising a host material and a dopant, and for a predetermined maximum reduction in efficiency of the phosphor at increasing excitation density, a maximum dopant concentration of the phosphor layer is selected.

Abstract: A powder of melted particles, more than 95% by number of the particles exhibiting a circularity of greater than or equal to 0.85. The powder including more than 99.8% of a rare earth metal oxide and/or of hafnium oxide and/or of an aluminum oxide, as percentage by mass based on the oxides. The powder has a median particle size D50 of less than 15 ?m, a 90 percentile of the particle sizes, D90, of less than 30 ?m, and a size dispersion index (D90?D10)/D10 of less than 2, and a relative density of greater than 90%. The Dn percentiles of the powder are the particle sizes corresponding to the percentages, by number, of n %, on the cumulative distribution curve of the size of the particles in the powder and the particle sizes are classified by increasing order.

Abstract: A method for etching a semiconductor structure (110) is provided, the semiconductor structure comprising a sub-surface quantum structure (30) of a first III-V semiconductor material,beneath a surface layer (31) of a second III-V semiconductor material having a charge carrier density of less than 5×1017 cm?3. The sub-surface quantum structure may comprise, for example, a quantum well, or a quantum wire, or a quantum dot. The method comprises the steps of exposing the surface layer to an electrolyte (130), and applying a potential difference between the first III-V semiconductor material and the electrolyte, to electrochemically etch the sub-surface quantum structure (30) to form a plurality of nanostructures, while the surface layer (31) is not etched. A semiconductor structure, uses thereof, and devices incorporating such semiconductor structures are further provided.

Abstract: The monolithic separation membrane structure includes a monolithic base, an intermediate layer and a separation membrane. The monolithic base has a plurality of filtration cells extending from a first end face to a second end face. The intermediate layer is formed on an inner surface of the filtration cells. The separation membrane is formed on an inner surface of the intermediate layer. An inner diameter not including the intermediate layer and the separation membrane of the plurality of respective filtration cells is greater than or equal to 1.0 mm to less than or equal to 2.0 mm. A partition wall thickness not including the intermediate layer and the separation membrane of the shortest portion of two adjacent filtration cells of the plurality of filtration cells is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm to less than 0.2 mm. A thickness of the intermediate layer is greater than or equal to 20 ?m to less than 100 ?m.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are provided processes for preparing a porous composite material comprising a metal and a two-dimensional nanomaterial. In one aspect, the processes comprise the steps of: providing a powder comprising metal particles; heating the powder such that the metal particles fuse to form a porous scaffold; and forming a two-dimensional nanomaterial on a surface of the porous scaffold by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Also provided are materials obtainable by the present processes, and products comprising said materials.

Abstract: A production apparatus and method for fine particles are capable of increasing a production amount and producing fine particles at low cost by efficiently inputting a large amount of material to plasma. The production apparatus includes a material supply device, which includes a plurality of material supply ports that supply a material gas containing material particles and are arranged below a plurality of electrodes in a vertical direction inside a vacuum chamber. The material supply device further includes a first gas supply port that supplies a first shield gas arranged in an inner periphery of the plural material supply ports and plural second gas supply ports that supply a second shield gas arranged in an outer periphery of the plural material supply ports.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a permanent magnet comprises a solution heat treatment. The solution heat treatment includes: performing a heat treatment at a temperature TST; placing a cooling member including a first layer and a second layer on the first layer between the heater and the treatment object so that the first layer faces the treatment object; and transferring the treatment object together with the cooling member to the outside of a heating chamber, and cooling the treatment object until a temperature of the treatment object becomes a temperature lower than a temperature TST?200° C. In the step of cooling the treatment object, a cooling rate until the temperature of the treatment object becomes the temperature TST?200° C. is 5° C./s or more.

Abstract: Cables including conductors formed form ultra-conductive copper wires which have a lower temperature coefficient of resistance are disclosed. Methods of making the cables including conductors with ultra-conductive copper wires are further disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification filter that suppresses an increase in pressure loss associated with the formation of a catalyst layer and is excellent in PM burning quality. The exhaust gas purification filter includes a base and a catalyst layer provided on the base. The catalyst layer contains a carrier and a metal catalyst. Large pores having a circle equivalent diameter greater than 5 ?m occupy, when an area of the catalyst layer is 100% in an electron microscope observation image of a cross section of the catalyst layer, 45% or more of the area.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides electrolyte solutions for electrodeposition of zinc-iron alloys, methods of forming electrolyte solutions, and methods of electrodepositing zinc-iron alloys. An electrolyte solution for electroplating can include an alkali metal citrate, an alkali metal acetate, a citric acid, and glycine with a metal salt. An electrolyte solution can be formed by dissolving an alkali metal citrate, an alkali metal acetate, a citric acid, and glycine in water or an aqueous solution. Electrodepositing zinc-iron alloys on a substrate can include introducing a cathode and an anode into an electrolyte solution comprising an alkali metal citrate, an alkali metal acetate, a citric acid, and glycine. Electrodepositing can further include passing a current between the cathode and the anode through the electrolyte solution to deposit zinc and iron onto the cathode.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a nanopore at a particular location in a membrane includes controlling a dielectric strength of the membrane at a particular location on the membrane while applying one of an electric potential or an electric current to the membrane, monitoring an electrical property across the membrane while one of the electric potential or the electric current is being applied across the membrane, detecting an abrupt change in the electrical property across the membrane while one of the electric potential or the electric current is being applied across the membrane; and removing the electric potential or the electric current from the membrane in response to detecting the abrupt change in the electrical property.

Abstract: The monolithic base is a porous alumina body that includes pores and that is configured by alumina particles as an aggregate and an oxide phase as a binding material. The alumina particles include microscopic alumina particles having a particle diameter of greater than or equal to 0.5 ?m and less than or equal to 5 ?m and coarse alumina particles having a particle diameter of greater than 5 ?m. The number of microscopic alumina particles that are encapsulated in the oxide phase is greater than or equal to 50% of the total number of microscopic alumina particles and coarse alumina particles.

Abstract: A part that includes a metal layer positioned on it. The part includes a composite core. A metal layer is positioned on the composite core such that the layer of adhesive is sandwiched between the composite core and the metal layer. A layer of smut that is positioned between the layer of adhesive and the metal layer.

Abstract: Provided is an internal hybrid electrochemical cell comprising: (a) a pseudocapacitance-like cathode comprising a cathode active material that contains both graphene sheets and a porphyrin compound, including porphyrin or a porphyrin complex, wherein the porphyrin compound is bonded to or supported by primary surfaces of graphene sheets to form a redox pair for pseudocapacitance; (b) a battery-like anode comprising an anode active material selected from sodium metal, a sodium metal alloy, a sodium intercalation compound, a sodium-containing compound, or a combination thereof, and (c) a sodium-containing electrolyte in physical contact with the anode and the cathode; wherein the cathode active material has a specific surface area no less than 100 m2/g which is in direct physical contact with the electrolyte.

Abstract: A methods, apparatus and compositions for producing colored, self-cleaning substrates by roll coating are provided. The roll coated, colored, self-cleaning substrates retain the predetermined color and a predetermined gloss of the colored coating, thereby facilitating their use in architectural applications. The roll coated, colored, self-cleaning substrates may be iridescent-free.

Abstract: Provided is a composite body in which a resin and a metal are contact-bonded with excellent adhesive force. Also provided is a composite body which is suppressed in decrease of bonding strength between a resin and a metal due to water absorption of the resin even if the composite body is left in rain or water, or is left in a high humidity environment or the like for a long period of time. The present invention relates to a composite body which is obtained by contact-bonding a thermoplastic resin (A) and a metal (B), and which is characterized in that the thermoplastic resin (A) is a polyamide elastomer (1A) or a thermoplastic resin composition (2A) that contains a water absorbent thermoplastic resin (2a) and a metal hydroxide (2b).

Abstract: A method of protecting a part made of carbon-including composite material against oxidation, the method including a) applying a coating composition on at least a portion of the outside surface of the part, the coating composition being in the form of an aqueous suspension including: a metallic phosphate; a powder of a compound comprising titanium; and a B4C powder; and b) applying heat treatment to the coating composition applied during step a) with a treatment temperature lying in the range 330° C. to 730° C. being imposed during the heat treatment in order to obtain a coating on the outside surface of the part, the coating including a first phase in which the metallic phosphate is in crystalline form and a second phase in which the metallic phosphate is in amorphous form.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a casing of an electronic device including the following steps is provided. A metallic housing is provided, wherein the metallic housing has an inner surface and an outer surface opposite to the inner surface. A plurality of apertures are formed on the inner surface of the metallic housing. A non-conductive layer is formed on the inner surface of the metallic housing, and part of the non-conductive layer is extended into the apertures. The outer surface of the metallic housing is dyed to form the casing of the electronic device. A casing of an electronic device is also provided.

Abstract: A low-density article comprising a flexible substrate and a pyrolizable material impregnated therein, methods of preparing, and devices using the article are disclosed. The pyrolizable material pyrolizes above 350 C and does not flow at temperatures below the pyrolysis temperature. The low-density article remains flexible after impregnation and continues to remain flexible when the pyrolizable material is fully pyrolized.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to achieve a method capable of increasing transfection efficiency of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and reducing toxicity thereof, to provide a PEI with high transfection efficiency, and to provide a method of introducing nucleic acids into cells comprising using the PEI. There are provided a method of introducing nucleic acids into cells comprising mixing acidified PEI with nucleic acids under acidic conditions and applying the resulting mixture to cells, a reagent for introducing nucleic acids into cells comprising an acidified PEI solution, and a reagent kit including the solution.

Abstract: Methods for forming cutting elements, methods for forming polycrystalline compacts, and related polycrystalline compacts are disclosed. Grains of a hard material are subjected to a high-pressure, high-temperature process to form a polycrystalline compact. Inclusion of at least one relatively quick spike in system pressure or temperature during an otherwise plateaued temperature or pressure stage accommodates formation of inter-granular bonds between the grains. The brevity of the peak stage may avoid undesirable grain growth. Embodiments of the methods may also include at least one of oscillating at least one system condition (e.g., pressure, temperature) and subjecting the grains to ultrasonic or mechanical vibrations.

Abstract: A material contains open pores in which the channels and pores that are internally coated with at least one layer of phosphorus-containing alumina. Such material is formed by infiltrating a porous material one or more times with a non-colloidal, low-viscosity liquid coating precursor, drying, and curing the coating precursor to form a phosphorus-containing alumina layer within pores of the material.

Abstract: A method of improving the vertical wicking properties of an inert foam substrate used in air conditioning units includes the step of coating the inert foam substrate with a hydrophilic material. The hydrophilic material can be a zeolite, a superabsorbent polymer, or a composite or combination thereof. An inert foam laminate for vertical wicking of a liquid is also provided.

Abstract: Chemically and mechanically protective oxide film was formed on Mg alloys using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) methods. Further modification of the obtained MAO surfaces was made in various aspects and the processes thereof were described. Firstly, the protection is enhanced by forming super-hydrophobic surfaces, with water contact angle higher than 140°, attributed to hierarchical nano-micro structures. Secondly, the electrical property of the MAO surfaces is modified. A film with sheet resistance as low as 0.05 ?/sq is achieved by electro-less Ni deposition on MAO surfaces. Thirdly, black colors are achieved by the sol-gel process on MAO samples.

Abstract: A method of forming a composite material for use in multi-modal transport includes providing three-dimensional graphene having hollow channels, enabling a polymer to wick into the hollow channels of the three-dimensional graphene, curing the polymer to form a cured three-dimensional graphene, adding an active material to the cured three-dimensional graphene to form a composite material, and removing the polymer from within the hollow channels. A composite material formed according to the method is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating composition for making a porous inorganic oxide coating layer on a substrate, the composition comprising an inorganic oxide precursor as binder, a solvent, and a synthetic polyampholyte as pore forming agent. The size of the pores in the coating can be advantageously controlled by the comonomer composition of the polyampholyte, and/or by selecting conditions like temperature, pH, salt concentration, and solvent composition when making the composition. The invention also relates to a method of making such coating composition, to a process of applying a coating on a substrate using such composition, and to such coated substrate showing a specific combination of optical and mechanical properties.

Abstract: A sol-gel method for forming durable, scratch-resistant coatings on glass substrates. Zirconia coatings, for example, are formed from a solution of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate in an organic, polar, aprotic solvent such as dimethylformamide. Annealed coatings, which optionally include an additive such as graphene, have a low coefficient of friction and can exhibit high hardness and hydrophobicity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a multi-layer thermal protection material comprising: (i) a substrate layer; (ii) a reflection layer formed on the substrate layer; and (iii) an emission layer formed on the reflection layer and effective to convert thermal energy to photonic energy. The reflection layer comprises a porous scattering media effective to reflect photonic energy away from the substrate layer. The emission layer comprises a thermally emissive dopant incorporated into a thermal matrix material. The present disclosure also provides articles such as portions of hypersonic flight vehicles and turbine component parts that include coatings comprising the multi-layer protection material of the present disclosure. The present disclosure also provides methods of making and using the multi-layer thermal protection material and associated articles described herein.

Abstract: A composite of metal and resin is provided. The composite of metal and resin includes a metal piece and a resin piece, and the surface of the metal piece includes a number of micropores. Each micropore includes a first inclining hole and a second inclining hole, and the first inclining hole and the second inclining hole are disposed inclined with the surface of the metal piece. The first inclining hole and the second inclining hole are disposed symmetrical around an axis perpendicular to the surface of the metal piece, and communicate with each other on the surface of the metal piece. The resin piece is embedded to the micropores to combine with the metal piece. The bonding strength of the composite of metal and resin is increased. A method of manufacturing the composite of metal and resin is also provided.

Abstract: A method for preparing a copper alloy given a certain special surface shape yields tremendous bonding strength through compatibility with an epoxy resin adhesive. With a composite part in which this technology is utilized to integrate a copper alloy member as a cover material with a CFRP, it is possible to take advantage of the characteristics of both the copper alloy and the FRP due to the tremendous bonding strength. In a step in which an FRP prepreg is put into a mold and heated and cured, usually the mold is first coated with a release agent to facilitate release from the mold, but with high-technology CFRP, bleeding of the release agent often diminishes the properties. A copper alloy sheet 21 is used as a cover material, and a CFRP 22 is cured.

Abstract: The application disloses methods of fabricating three-dimensional (3D) graphene crystalline foam, based on mixing a carbon source with a skelet (scaffold) powder. In one embodiment heat and pressure are used to compact the carbon and a metal powder into a close packed structure. In another embodiment a 3D crystalline graphene foam is fabricated with a large surface area (550 m2/g) from a 3D metal foam, depositing a layer of graphene using chemical vapour deposition (CVD), depositing a polymer support and removing the metal via wet chemical etching, such that the graphene retains the configuration, and then finally removing the polymer. A method of fabricating the metal foam framework and coating the metal with graphene are also disclosed.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein relate to anodic oxides and methods for forming anodic oxides. The methods involve incorporating an ultraviolet (UV) light absorbing compounds into anodic oxides to prevent color fading of the anodic oxides caused by exposure to UV light. In some embodiments, the UV light absorbing compound includes para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). The UV light absorbing compound can be incorporated within the anodic oxide during a sealing process. The UV light absorbing compound becomes infused within a seal layer, which is formed during the sealing process. The resultant anodic oxide has a UV light absorbing seal layer that can block UV light from reaching any underlying colorant existing within the anodic oxide.

Abstract: Calcium carbonate particles having very narrow particle sizes with a controlled D98 and minimal ultrafines (very small particles) are described. The particles are prepared by grinding a feedstock in a centrifugal grinding mill, which utilizes very high centrifugal forces to impact the particles with each other or grinding media.

Abstract: An antireflection film comprises: mesoporous nanoparticles having a metal oxide framework and an average particle diameter of 30 to 200 nm; and a mesoporous transparent material having a metal oxide framework and filling voids among the nanoparticles.

Abstract: A metal composite, a method of preparing the metal composite, a metal-resin composite, and a method of preparing the metal-resin composite are provided. The metal composite comprises: a metal substrate comprising a first layer formed on a surface of the metal substrate and an anodic oxidation layer formed on the first layer. The first layer comprises a first pore having an average diameter of about 10 nanometers to about 1 millimeter, and the metal composite comprises aluminum alloy or aluminum. The anodic oxidation layer comprises a second layer contacted with the first layer of the metal substrate and a third layer formed on an outer surface of the second layer, and the second layer comprises a second pore having an average diameter of about 10 nanometers to about 800 microns, and the third layer comprises a third pore having an average diameter of about 10 nanometers to about 800 microns.

Abstract: A turbine engine, an engine structure, and a method of forming an engine structure are provided herein. In an embodiment, an engine structure includes a metal substrate, a thermal barrier coating layer, and a metal silicate protective layer. The thermal barrier coating layer overlies the metal substrate, and the thermal barrier coating layer has columnar grains with gaps defined between the columnar grains. The metal silicate protective layer is formed over the thermal barrier coating layer, and the metal silicate protective layer covers the columnar grains and the gaps between the columnar grains.

Abstract: A powder metal component is made of compacted and sintered powder metal particles such as chromium-containing ferrous-based metal and is porous. Following sintering, the pores are impregnated with relatively smaller particles of ceria and/or yttria. The component is then heat treated and the presence of the impregnated ceria and/or yttria serve as nucleation sites for the formation of desirable oxides, such as chromium oxide, on the surface. The impregnated particles that lie below the protective oxide layer remain available throughout the life of the component in the event the original oxide layer becomes worn or damaged, wherein a renewed protective oxide is formed in such regions due to the presence of the impregnated particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating, a substrate, a method for coating a body and a method for producing the body substrate, such as a dental or a bone implant. The coating has a high degree of mechanical stability and comprises elements, such as Sr based compounds, which optimize the tissue response to the implanted body thus stimulating healing, bone or tissue growth in the vicinity of the implant. An implant coated with this coating has the ability of sustained release of strontium in a non-toxic concentration of strontium in the vicinity of the implant.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating that includes a YAG-based ceramic is prepared by a solution precursor plasma spray method that includes injecting a precursor solution into a thermal jet, evaporating solvent from the precursor solution droplets, and pyrolyzing the resulting solid to form a YAG-based ceramic that is melted and deposited on a substrate. The thermal barrier coating can include through-coating-thickness cracks that improve the strain tolerance of the coating.

Abstract: A coating material is provided that includes a sol-gel coating system, pigments, and chain-like or fibrous nanoparticles. The coating system is stable at high temperatures and is suitable for glass or glass-ceramic substrates having a low thermal expansion coefficient.

Abstract: Coated article having antireflective property together with self cleaning, moisture resistance and antimicrobial properties can be prepared with a topmost layer of titanium oxide on an antireflective layer, which can be formed by a sol-gel process. The antireflective layer can comprise a porosity forming agent, or an alkyltrialkoxysilane-based binder. The antireflective coating can comprise silica and titania components, with pores to achieve low index of refraction and titania to achieve self-cleaning and antimicrobial properties.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a porous framework includes contacting a substrate with a solution containing a plurality of component materials are dissolved in the solution. A solid composite made of the plurality of component materials is electrodeposited onto the substrate. A plurality of electrodepositing voltages is applied to vary a relative proportion of the component materials in the composite being electrodeposited, and at least one of the plurality of component materials is selectively etched away from the composite to form a plurality of pores.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention describe secured fiber-reinforced aerogels and laminate structures formed therefrom. In one embodiment a laminate comprises at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer adjacent to at least one layer of fiber containing material wherein fibers from said at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of said at least one fiber-containing material. In another embodiment a laminate comprises at least two adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layers wherein fibers from at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of an adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layer.

Abstract: A method for integrally molding a metal and a resin and a metal-resin composite structure obtainable by the same are provided. The method comprises forming a nanopore in a surface of a metal sheet; melting a thermoplastic resin on the surface of the metal sheet formed with the nanopore; and injection molding the thermoplastic resin onto the surface of the metal sheet. The thermoplastic resin is a mixture of a main resin and a polyolefin resin, the main resin is a mixture of polyphenylene oxide and a polyamide, and the polyolefin resin has a melting point of about 65° C. to about 105° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating a surface comprising a silicone elastomer having a plurality of Si—H groups by contacting at least one region of the surface with a solution comprising a surface treatment compound, to give a treated surface with Si—OH, Si—OR, or Si—C groups. The present invention relates to a hydrosilylation-curable silicone composition. In some examples, the hydrosilylation-curable silicone composition includes an organohydrogen-polysiloxane having an average of at least forty silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule, a cross-linking agent having an average of at least two aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds per molecule, and a hydrosilylation catalyst, wherein the mole ratio of silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in the composition to aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in the composition is at least 20:1. The invention also relates to membranes, methods of making membranes, gas permeable supports for membranes, and methods of gas separation using membranes.

Abstract: At least two ply layers of ceramic on a substrate which is applied to protect a surface in a heated hot environment. Each of the outer and bottom layers including zirconium oxide and stabilizers of yttrium oxide in different respective proportions of the yttrium oxide; the outer layer has fully stabilized zirconium oxide and the bottom layer has partially stabilized zirconium oxide.