Abstract: A recording sheet comprising a sheet of paper and porous particles provided on the paper surface, said porous particles having an average pore size of from 10 to 5000 .ANG., a pore volume of from 0.05 to 3.0 cc/g and an average particle size of from 0.1 to 50 .mu.m.

Abstract: The invention primarily concerns a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, the adhesive layer of which is filled with glass microbubbles and has a dark appearance by virtue of (1) the microbubbles are stained glass which preferably is dark, and (2) dispersed throughout the adhesive layer is a pigment or dye which preferably is dark. More broadly, the invention concerns any coherent article filled with stained-glass microbubbles. The glass of the microbubbles preferably has an ultraviolet window, permitting the article to be made by photopolymerizing a matrix filled with the microbubbles.

Abstract: Magnetic recording tape is suitable for data recording mechanisms equipped with brass or other soft heads when its magnetizable layer is based on ferromagnetic iron oxide particles and contains titanium dioxide or other soft head cleaning agent which has a hardness approximating or slightly exceeding that of the iron oxide. The magnetizable layer preferably is free from, but may also contain unusually small amounts of hard head cleaning agent such as alumina.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented transfer metallizing film based on polypropylene, and process therefor. The film is a three-layer film produced by coextrusion and having a base layer of a propylene homopolymer and top layers applied to the two surfaces thereof. The base layer contains an additive depot of migrating monomers in an amount of 0.01 to 2.0 percent by weight, relative to the weight of the polymer constituting the base layer. The top layers are polypropylene that has a lower viscosity than the polypropylene of the base layer.

Abstract: Solid, transparent, non-vitreous, zirconia and zirconia-silica ceramic microspheres, useful as lens elements in retroreflective pavement markings. The microspheres are characterized by:(a) containing at least one additive metal oxide selected from alumina, magnesia, yttria and mixtures thereof;(b) an index of refraction greater than 1.6; and(c) being virtually free of cracks.These microspheres are formed by a sol-gel technique of extractive gelation (extracting carboxylic acid away from zirconyl carboxylate) of a sol in liquid medium such as hot peanut oil. The microspheres of this ceramic composition have been made with relatively large diameters, (e.g. 200-1000 micrometers) making them quite useful as lens elements in pavement marking sheet materials.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a biaxially stretch-oriented film having at least one opaque layer is described. The opaque layer is composed essentially of propylene polymer and fillers in a quantity of about 10 to 40% by weight, relative to the total weight of propylene polymer and fillers. In production, the granules are melted in a screw extruder, are forced through a die and are formed by cooling to give a preformed film. The preformed film is then stretch-oriented both along the machine direction and transversely perpendicular to the machine direction and is then heat-set. The fillers are added in the form of a masterbatch to the granules of unfilled polymers. The masterbatch should have a filler content of more than about 30% by weight.

Abstract: A light-transmissive recording member comprises a light-transmissive substrate and an ink acceptor provided on said substrate, wherein powdery particles are imparted onto the surface of said ink acceptor.

Abstract: A polyimide film produced by forming a film from a raw material incorporated with a finely divided inorganic powder that forms minute projections on the film surface and subsequently subjecting the film to corona discharge treatment. According to this invention, it is possible to obtain a heat-resistant polyimide film having improved adhesive properties and uniform bond strength. The film does not cause blocking when wound into a roll.

Abstract: A wave absorber comprising semiconductive ceramic short fibers having defined diameter, aspect ratio and volume resistivity dispersed in polymer materials. The dispersion is usually formed on a sheet or film base as a layer. A method for making the wave absorber is also described.

Abstract: The present direct invention is directed to a sealing glass composite comprising a low melting point sealing glass matrix mixed with a particulate additive to increase the effective coefficient of thermal expansion of the resulting sealing glass composite. The sealing glass matrix is in the lead borate family and the particulate additive is preferably calcium fluoride. For extreme bonding conditions, a small amount of copper oxide is dissolved into the glass matrix.

Abstract: A process for production of a metal-coated paper, such as for use in cigarette packs having a metal coating containing a binding agent which is applied to a paper backing material by a printing process. The coating includes particles which have a flake structure and which can be fully wetted by the binding agent, as a result of which the particles of metal are so firmly embedded into the coating as to provide sufficient abrasion resistance to permit the resulting composite paper to be used in a high-speed automatic packaging machine. In this process for producing such a paper, a tool is pressed against and passed over the metal coating while still moist to smooth out the metal coating, whereupon the metal coating is dried.

Abstract: An implant material for hard tissue comprising a porous matrix of a mass of biologically-compatible polymeric particles, the particles bonded together to form a unitary prosthetic implant, the prosthetic implant having interstices between the bonded particles forming pores into which bone tissue can grow and having a quantity of calcium hydroxide distributed in the pores of the matrix. Also disclosed is a packing material for forming in vivo prosthetic implants for hard tissue, the packing material comprising a mass of disjoint polymeric particles having an inner core and an outer coating and a quantity of calcium hydroxide distributed in the mass of polymeric particles effective to induce hard tissue growth.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive recording material is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon a heat-sensitive recording layer containing microcapsules containing a color former and an organic solvent as core materials and a color developer exterior thereto, the wall of said microcapsules being impermeable to both of the color former and the color developer at room temperature but becoming permeable to at least one of the color former and color developer upon the application of heat, wherein the heat-sensitive recording layer further contains a pigment having an average particle size greater than that of the microcapsules. The material exhibits improved handling and running properties.

Abstract: A nonoriented, heat sealable, coextruded, moisture barrier film is disclosed. This film has a base layer ("A") of polypropylene homopolymer, polypropylene copolymer or combinations thereof, a heat sealant layer ("C") of polyester/copolyester or blends thereof and a tie layer ("B") of modified polyethylene homopolymer, modified polyethylene copolymer, modified polypropylene homopolymer, modified polypropylene copolymer, an unmodified polyethylene copolymer or combinations thereof between the base layer ("A") and the heat sealant layer ("C"). This film has three layers ("ABC") or five layers ("CBABC"). This film exhibits a very broad heat seal range and has a moisture vapor transmission rate of from about 0.20 to about 1.0 g/100in.sup.2 /24 hr. This film has a wide variety of applications as a packaging film including such demanding uses as the inside of a microwave popcorn bag. This film significantly improves the shelf life of microwave popcorn compared to conventional films used for this product.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of the surface of a transparent sheet or film having antilacerative and self-healing properties and the product made thereby, wherein the sheet or film includes a thermosetting polyurethane material employed as an external layer on a laminated glass or laminated plastic sheet or a mixture thereof. The process involves depositing a solution, dispersion or emulsion of wax or a wax-like substance and a silicone oil; or a solution, dispersion or emulsion of wax or a wax-like substance, a silicone oil and a fine-grained polishing agent on the surface of the polyurethane material. The solvent or solvents for the wax or wax-like substances have a boiling range of 40.degree. to 300.degree. C., and the silicone oil is present in an amount of less than 4% by wt. when no polishing agents are present and in an amount of from about 2 to 10% by wt. when fine-grained polishing agents are present.

Abstract: A nonoriented, heat sealable, coextruded, moisture barrier film is disclosed. This film has a base layer ("A") of polyethylene, preferably high density, a heat sealant layer ("C") of polyester/copolyester or blends thereof and a tie layer ("B") of modified polyethylene homopolymer, modified polyethylene copolymer, unmodified polyethylene copolymer or combinations thereof between the base layer ("A") and the heat sealant layer ("C"). This film has three layers ("ABC") or five layers ("CBABC"). This film exhibits a very broad heat seal range and has a moisture vapor transmission rate of from about 0.20 to about 1.0 g/100 in.sup.2 /24 hr. This film has a wide variety of applications as a packaging film including such demanding uses as the inside of a microwave popcorn bag. This film significantly improves the shelf life of microwave popcorn compared to conventional films used for this product. This film also exhibits excellent heat seal properties to itself as well as a wide variety of diverse substrates.

Abstract: Synthetic paper of multilayer resin films is described, comprising a base layer (1a) constituted by a biaxially stretched film made of the thermoplastic resin, and a laminate provided onto at least one of opposite surfaces of said base layer, said laminate including a paper-like layer (1b) and a surface layer (1c), said paper-like layer being constituted by a uniaxially stretched film made of a thermoplastic resin containing 8 to 65% by weight of inorganic fine powder, said surface layer being constituted by a uniaxially stretched film made of a thermoplastic resin, said surface layer having a thickness t satisfying the following expressionR.gtoreq.t.gtoreq.(1/10).times.Rin which R represents an average particle diameter of said inorganic fine powder existing in the paper-like layer.The synthetic paper is superior in paper supply property, in printability, in dryness of offset ink, and in surface strength and it is substantially free from paper dust trouble.

Abstract: An undercoat composition for ceramic flame spraying and composite molded articles produced using the undercoat composition are disclosed. The undercoat composition comprises an inorganic filler component having complex irregularities in the surface thereof and an organic binder component. The composite molded articles comprises a substrate, a ceramic flame sprayed coating, and an intermediate layer between the substrate and the ceramic flame sprayed coating, said intermediate layer being made of the above undercoat composition. The present undercoat composition permits good ceramic flame spraying, and there can be obtained composite molded articles having good impact resistance and environmental resistance.

Abstract: An oriented polyester film comprising ethylene terephthalate as the major repeating units, which comprises 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of silica particles and/or titanium dioxide particles having each an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.5.mu. and 0.005 to 1.0% by weight of calcium carbonate having an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.5.mu., which provides an oriented polyester film for the base film of video tape which has a flatness on the surface and has excellent slipperiness, abrasion resistance and running characteristics as well as excellent magnetic transducer characteristics.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is disclosed which comprises a non-magnetic support having magnetic recording layer on one surface thereof, and a backing layer on the surface opposite the magnetic recording layer, the backing layer containing inorganic particles having an average particle size of 0.02 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: Color sheets for thermal transfer printing comprise a substrate having a colorant layer on one side of the substrate and a resin layer formed on one side of the substrate and a resin layer formed on the other side of the substrate, the resin layer being made of a resin composition comprising fine particles and a lubricating material dispersed in a binder resin. The resin layer is made rough on the surface there of due to the presence of the fine particles whereby the color sheets do not stick to thermal heads and the resulting images are free of dropout defects and good in quality.

Abstract: Composite laminates such as metal plate/vibration damper/metal plate, metal plate/vibration damper/metal plate/vibration damper, metal plate/vibration damper/metal plate/vibration damper/metal plate are disclosed. The vibration damper is composed of ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid salt copolymers or its modified products having a specific melting point and a particular heat of fusion. The composite laminate having at least one vibration damper exhibits excellent vibration damping performance, particularly at high temperatures.

Abstract: A polyester film for magnetic recording media having excellent flatness, slipperiness and adhesiveness of the magnetic layer thereto, said film having minute protrusions on the surface thereof including roughness units each of which consists of a minute protrusion and a recess therearound having a longer diameter of at least 3 .mu.m, wherein the number of the roughness units per square mm, A, (number/mm.sup.2), satisfies the relation (1):5<A.ltoreq.2500 (1)and wherein the proportion of the number of the roughness unit to the total number of the protrusions D (%) satisfies the relation (2):0.1.ltoreq.B.ltoreq.50 (2)and wherein the center line average roughness R.sub.2 (.mu.m) and the number of secondary interference fringes measured by the multiple interference method, H.sub.2, (number/mm.sup.2), satisfies the relation (3):R.sub.a .gtoreq.2.times.10.sup.-4.H.sub.2 +0.08 (3)wherein H.sub.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is described, comprising a non-magnetic support, a magnetic recording layer on one side of the support, and a backing layer on the opposite side of the support to the magnetic recording layer, wherein said backing layer comprising a binder and a powder dispersed in the binder, wherein the powder is a powdered oxide represented by the formula M.sup.1.M.sup.2.O.sub.2+x (wherein M.sup.1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, Pb and Ca, M.sup.2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr and Sn, and x is in the range of from 0 to 0.9) or a mixture of said powdered oxide and carbon black. This magnetic recording medium has a decreased coefficient of friction, is free from formation of scratches, has good durability, and furthermore, maintains good S/N characteristics.

Abstract: A photographic paper support made of a water-repellent sized base paper coated on both sides with a waterproof synthetic resin, and wherein the paper contains a combination of sizing substances including a water-repellent sizing agent, a cationic strengthening retention and binding agent and a sulfate or phosphate ester of a polysaccharide. The water-repellent sizing agent relative to the paper fiber content is about 0.2 to 2% by weight, the cationic strengthening and binding agent is greater in amount than about 1.5 of the water-repellent sizing agent, and the amount of the esterified polysaccharide is about 0.1 to 10% by weight relative to the fiber content.

Abstract: A thin film magnetic recording medium has a shape imparting substance disposed on a substrate, and a thin-film layer including at least a magnetic layer formed on the shape imparting substance. The area of each of the projecting portions of the thin-film layer which are formed by virtue of the shape imparting substance is set such as to be more than four times as large as the area of each of the particles of the shape imparting substance. The center line of each of the projecting portions of the thin-film layer may be made offset from the center line of the corresponding particle of the shape imparting substance. Thus, it is possible for the thin film magnetic recording medium to display excellent electromagnetic response properties and runability as well as durability even under a harsh environment.

Abstract: A pencil lead comprising a binder, a filler and a colorant as essential components, said filler consisting at least partially of a fibrous material of magnesium oxysulfate. This pencil lead has a high bending strength and a stable quality which does not degrade with the lapse of time, and it can write well.

Abstract: Heatsealable opaque multilayer films, particularly wrapping films, having a high sealing strength, at low sealing temperature, favorable optical properties and machine compatibility based on a film of a propylene polymer and a linear statistical ethylene copolymer of low density as the heat sealing layer.

Abstract: X-ray intensifying screen comprising, in order, support; fluorescent phosphor containing active layer; and protective topcoat which is a flexible film of a fluorine containing polymer, the topcoat being energy treated under oxidative condition, e.g., corona discharge, etc., and having an antistatic agent applied thereto, e.g., from a solution containing at least 0.1% by weight of an anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric antistatic agent. The X-ray intensifying screens have improved resistance to static.

Abstract: The invention primarily concerns a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, the adhesive layer of which is filled with glass microbubbles and has a dark appearance by virtue of (1) the microbubbles are stained glass which preferably is dark, and (2) dispersed throughout the adhesive layer is a pigment or dye which preferably is dark. More broadly, the invention concerns any coherent article filled with stained-glass microbubbles. The glass of the microbubbles preferably has an ultraviolet window, permitting the article to be made by photopolymerizing a matrix filled with the microbubbles.

Abstract: Provided is a dielectric imaging sheet useful in electrographic imaging, wherein a particulate solid incorporated into the dielectric coating has been treated with an acyloxy or amino terminated polysiloxane. Short-chain polysiloxanes, e.g., 3 to 8 siloxane units, are preferred as the treating agent, with the amino group being preferably lower alkyl substituted and the acyloxy group being preferably lower acyloxy. Use of the specially treated particulate solid reduces moisture induced imaging defects upon using the dielectric sheet in electrographic imaging.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is disclosed. The medium comprises a non-magnetic support having provided thereon a magnetic layer comprising a binder, a magnetic powder and a powder of an oxide represented by the formula:M-1.multidot.M-2.multidot.O.sub.2+xwherein M-1 is at least one of barium, strontium, lead and calcium; M-2 is at least one member of titanium, zirconium and tin; and x represents a number of from 0 to 0.9. The medium has a high S/N ratio and improved wear resistance and causes only moderate wear of a magnetic head.

Abstract: An integrated circuit gate process and structure are disclosed which provide a self-aligned, recessed gate enhancement-mode GaAsFET. The process includes making self-aligned implants prior to gate metallization, with an intermediate step of applying patches of plasma- and chemical-etch resistant dielectric, such as zirconium oxide (ZrO), over the self-aligned implants to fixedly define gate length. The self-aligned gate process includes stair-stepping three successive implants, in respect to both depth and concentration, to provide a dopant concentration gradient inclined depthwise away from each side of the gate. The self-aligned, recessed gate GaAsFET exhibits improved source-gate resistance without degradation of gate-drain capacitance, increased gain and drain-source current, and reduced knee-voltage. Gate length is minimized to the limits of photolithography without degrading input resistance.

Abstract: An image-receiving sheet for a heat transfer recording system. The sheet comprises a substrate coated with an image-receiving layer comprised mainly of non-plate-shaped inorganic pigment and a binder. The smoothness of the image-receiving surface as determined according to TAPPI Standard T479 om-81 is 200 to 1,000 sec/10 ml, and the air permeability of the image-receiving sheet, as determined according to ASTM D726 Method B is below 500 sec/100 ml.

Abstract: In a recording method of using droplets of a recording liquid, the recording surface of the recording medium is formed with at least a filler and part of a fibrous substrate present mixedly.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a plastic base film, a thin magnetic metal layer formed on one side of the base film and a backing layer formed on the other side of the base film, characterized in that the backing layer is composed essentially of a thermoset or radiation-cured resin and carbon black and inorganic compound powder uniformly dispersed in the resin, and has a surface roughness of from 0.05 to 0.4 .mu.m, said carbon black having an average particle size of from 10 to 150 m.mu.m as measured by an electron microscope, said inorganic compound powder having a Mohs hardness of at most 6 and a particle size of from 10 to 500 m.mu.m, and the ratio of the carbon black to the inorganic compound powder being from 1:9 to 9:1.

Abstract: This invention relates to a magnetic recording medium whose coefficient of friction is lowered without lowering S/N and which has an improved running property, which comprises a magnetic recording layer on one side of a nonmagnetic support and a back layer containing an inorganic powder and a binder and having a thickness of at most 2.mu., on the other side thereof, characterized in that the surface of the back layer is provided with surface projections with a height of 0.05 to 0.8.mu., an interval of at least 50.mu. and 50 to 50,000 projections/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A radiographic intensifying screen comprising a support and a phosphor layer provided thereon which comprises a binder and a phosphor dispersed therein, characterized in that said binder contains a (meth)acrylic copolymer in the amount of 5-100% by weight, having repeating units represented by the formulas (I), (II) and (III): ##STR1## in which each of R.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 is independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R.sub.2 is a group selected from those consisting of an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group and an aralkyl group; R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, provided that R.sub.4 is not identical to R.sub.2 ; and x, y and z which represent molar percents are numbers satisfying the conditions of 5.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.99, 1.ltoreq.y+z.ltoreq.95 and x+y+z.gtoreq.90. The (meth)acrylic copolymer is preferably employed in combination with a linear polyester having a hydroxyl value in the range of 20-70.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is disclosed which comprises a non-magnetic support having provided thereon a magnetic recording layer consisting ferromagnetic powder and containing graphite and a fatty acid ester.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is disclosed, which comprises a non-magnetic support having, on opposite surfaces thereof, a magnetic recording layer containing magnetic particles and a backing layer containing carbon black and other inorganic particles and a binder having a thickness of not more than 2.mu., the backing layer containing (a) carbon black having an average particle size of 60 to 120 m.mu. and (b) other inorganic particles having an average particle size of 20 to 100 m.mu..

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is disclosed. The medium comprises a non-magnetic support having provided on opposite surfaces a magnetic recording layer and a backing layer containing two types of carbon black and a binder and having a thickness of 2 .mu.m or less, one of said carbon black being fine carbon black having an average particle size of 30 to 100 m.mu. and the other of said carbon black being coarse carbon black having an average particle size of 150 to 500 m.mu., and the mixing weight ratio of said carbon black and the binder being 1:1.5 to 1:3.5.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium which comprises a non-magnetic support having on the surface side thereof a magnetic recording layer and on the opposite side thereof a backing layer having a thickness of 2 .mu.m or less, which contains carbon black and a binder and optionally, an inorganic powder, in which the backing layer contains at least two kinds of carbon black, one being fine-grained carbon black having a mean grain size of 10 to 30 m.mu. and the other being coarse-grained carbon black having a mean grain size of 150 to 500 m.mu. such that the weight ratio (P/B) of the total amount of carbon black and inorganic powder (P) to binder (B) is from about 1/0.5 to 1/3.5. The recording medium described provided smooth and stable tape-running for an extended period and a high S/N ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cup which is produced by thermoforming a polyolefin resin composition sheet wherein the polyolefin resin composition comprises from 30 to 80% by weight of a polyolefin resin, from 19 to 69% by weight of talc, and from 1 to 10% by weight of titanium oxide, and also by thermoforming of a laminated sheet comprising (A) a layer of the above described polyolefin resin composition and (B) a layer of a polyolefin resin composition containing from 0 to 10% by weight of an inorganic filler.The cup is of high whiteness, and has a high quality paper-like appearance of reduced luster and transparency impression, and is high in strength, stiffness, stability, and so forth.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin base film for a magnetic recording medium including a thermoplastic resin film and a discontinuous film adhering closely to at least one surface of the thermoplastic resin film. The discontinuous film has a thickness of not larger than 500 angstroms and is composed of a polymer blend containing fine particles. The polymer blend comprises a water-soluble polyester copolymer and a water-soluble polymer having at least one hydroxyl group in the recurring unit thereof. Fine protrusions are formed on the discontinuous film due to the presence of the fine particles therein. A magnetic recording medium using the base film is suitable for high density magnetic recording and has extremely excellent durability to repeated use.

Abstract: A filler which imparts heat dissipating and shrinkage reduction characteristics to a mixture of the filler with a synthetic resin. The mixture is useful for providing a layer between gel coat and a layer including glass fiber and resin to prevent the formation of small air voids. The filler imparts structural strength to resin so that a useful product may be made from only a layer of gel coat with a layer of the filler and resin. The filler is preferably a mixture of calcium silicate and mica, and in the preferred embodiment the calcium silicate is wollastonite. An improved apparatus for applying the mixture of synthetic resin and filler comprises a modified prior-art spray gun and a mixer which includes a plurality of augers for thoroughly mixing the filler with the resin. The preferred embodiment of the resin comprises a terpolymer mixed with styrene and having a Brookfield thixatropic index of from 2 to 4.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium, characterized in that 5 to 100 parts by weight of hexagonal ferrite particles having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.2 .mu.m and 100 parts by weight of ferromagnetic particles having a saturation magnetization of 72 to 220 emu/g and an average particle diameter larger than that of the hexagonal ferrite particles are dispersed in a resinous binder.

Abstract: This invention provides a magnetic recording medium, in particular, magnetic recording tape whose coefficient of friction is decreased and running durability is improved without deteriorating the S/N property, which comprises a magnetic layer on one side of a support and a back layer on the other side thereof, the back layer containing a filler dispersed in a binder, characterized in that the binder consists essentially of a cellulose resin, a diolefin- or olefin-type synthetic rubber and a polyisocyanate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyester film for a magnetic recording medium, which is comprised of a polyester film, a discontinuous film layer or layers adhering closely to one surface or both the surfaces of the polyester film, and fine particles present in the discontinuous film layer or layers and on the or each surface of the discontinuous film layer or layers, or on the exposed surface or surfaces of the polyester film in the portions where the discontinuous film layer or layers are not present. The discontinuous film layer or layers have a thickness of not larger than 500 angstroms and are composed mainly of a water-soluble polymer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is disclosed. The medium is comprised of a non-magnetic support having coated thereon a magnetic recording layer and a backing layer on the surface opposite the magnetic recording layer. The backing layer contains carbon black and the surface treated calcium carbonate dispersed in a binder. The calcium carbonate is surface treated so as to make the particles hydrophobic. Including the carbon black and the calcium carbonate in the backing layer provides a recording medium with improved durability and a reduced amount of drop out.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic display element having an electrochromic material layer and an ion-conductive material layer being in contact therewith, characterized in that said electrochromic layer comprises a transition metal oxide and said ion-conductive material layer comprises a light-transmissive organic polymeric resin and an inorganic ion-conductive material.