Abstract: A multi-layer molded polymer composition comprising a polyolefin layer and a immiscible polymer layer adjacent the polyolefin layer. The immiscible polymer layer is selected from a polymer that is normally immiscible for the polyolefin layer. A compatibilizer is blended into either the polyolefin layer or the immiscible polymer layer or optionally into both layers. The compatibilizer has a polyolefin backbone that is miscible in the polyolefin layer and one or more functional polymer grafts attached to the compatibilizer polyolefin backbone. The functional polymer grafts are miscible in the immiscible polymer layer whereby the compatibilizer bonds with both the polyolefin layer and the immiscible polymer layer.

Abstract: A fiber blend for use in friction materials. The fiber contains a blend of a highly fibrillated fiber, such as a fibrillated polyacrylonitrile fiber and a fiber with a high carbon content, such as an oxidized carbon fiber precursor.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the fabrication of SiC fiber reinforced, ceramic matrix composite articles exhibiting superior high temperature oxidative stability, those articles comprising:(a) a glass-ceramic matrix wherein alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal aluminosilicate crystals constitute the predominant crystal phase;(b) a fiber reinforcing phase comprising SiC fibers coated with an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal sheet silicate entrained within said glass-ceramic matrix; and(c) a borosilicate glass phase dispersed as an intergranular glass within said glass-ceramic matrix, said borosilicate glass phase generally being present in an amount sufficient to provide an intergranular glass phase therein.

Abstract: A diamond/carbon/carbon composite is provided comprising a carbon/carbon composite having a polycrystalline diamond film deposited thereon. The carbon/carbon composite comprises a preform of interwoven carbon fibers comprising vapor grown carbon fibers. The preferred method of producing the composite involves chemical vapor infiltration of the pyrolytic carbon into the interstices of the preform, followed by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of the diamond film on the carbon/carbon composite. The resulting diamond/carbon/carbon composite is useful as an integral dielectric heat sink for electronic systems in spacecraft, aircraft and supercomputers due to its thermal management properties. Such a heat sink can be made by depositing metallic circuits on the diamond layer of the diamond/carbon/carbon composite.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a heat-shrinkable, thermoplastic film or bag which contains at least one homogeneous ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer with long chain branching. Oriented films made in accordance with the present invention exhibit improved processability as well as improved physical properties such as resistance.

Abstract: A polymeric film structure having improved oxygen, flavor/odor, grease/oil and moisture barrier characteristics is disclosed. The structure includes a polymeric substrate adapted to receive an oxygen barrier on one side thereof and a moisture barrier on the other side of the oxygen barrier. The oxygen barrier includes polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked with aldehyde containing cross-linking agents in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid. The moisture barrier can be provided by the carrier web or incorporated into the cellulosic material, which is preferably box board.

Abstract: A novel coated sheet material is made by: (a) coating a porous substrate sheet material with a barrier coating comprised of (i) a cross-linkable polymer resistant to penetration by water moister when cured, and (ii) a water-dispersible, film-forming polymer that is resistant to penetration by grease and oil when cured, said barrier coating composition forming a barrier layer on said substrate sheet material; and (b) coating said barrier layer with a release coating composition. The coated sheet material may be used to make containers, wrappers and/or receptacles for food and other substances, including ovenable and dual-ovenable embodiments thereof.

Abstract: A biaxially stretched film with very high heat shrink and puncture resistance properties, formed of an ethylene alpha olefin copolymer having a density between about 0.88-0.905 g/m.sup.3, a low melt index not exceeding about 1.5 g/min, a Mw/Mn not exceeding about 3, and having a melting point below about 102.degree. C.

Abstract: The fluororesin composite material with high mechanical strength characteristics and wear resistance comprising 99 to 40 parts by weight of a fluororesin, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene, and 1 to 60 parts by weight of a carbon fiber wherein the carbon fiber has an interplanar spacing d(002) of 3.36 to 3.45 .ANG., a c-axis crystallite dimension (Lc) of 35 to 400 .ANG. and an a-axis crystallite dimension (La) of 40 to 800 .ANG.. The carbon fiber obtained by heat-treating a precursor fiber, previously infusiblized or flame resistance-treated, in an inert gas containing 20 to 5,000 ppm of an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of 2,500.degree. to 3,00.degree. C.

Abstract: The transfer of dichroic inks into stretched and oriented substrates to form stereoscopic polarizing images and the like can be improved by the use of coatings which enhance imbibition of the ink into the substrate. The coatings serve to hold the ink in situ for a sufficient period of time to permit absorption of the dye and transfer of rich colors while minimizing the problems of smearing and/or runoff of unabsorbed ink. The present invention is particularly use will in the adaptation of ink jet printing techniques to the formation of stereoscopic polarizing images.

Abstract: The ski described is characterized by the use of a selected fiber reinforced material comprising a sheetlike textile material and a thermoset resin, the fiber content being 30-70% by weight and the fiber being not less than 30% by weight synthetic. This material is notable for high flexibility and high restoring forces and confers excellent properties on the ski, for example good vibration damping.

Abstract: The invention relates to a yarn guidance rod and to a device for the laying of a yarn on a cross-wound bobbin in a textile machine. A plurality of winding stations installed next to each other is serviced by a yarn guidance rod made of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic which can be moved back and forth. The yarn guidance rod is provided with a sheathing. The yarn guidance rod has segments made of a highly heat-expandable material in order to achieve heat compensation as compared with the textile machine.

Abstract: Carbon fibers with a surface oxygen concentration (O/C ratio) of 0.20 or less as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, a surface concentration of hydroxyl groups (C-OH/C ratio) of 0.5% or greater as measured by chemical modification X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and a surface concentration of carboxylic groups (COOH/C ratio) of 2.0% or less as measured by chemical modification X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and an aliphatic compound applied as a sizing agent which has multiple epoxy groups or an aromatic compound which has multiple epoxy groups, the number of atoms between the epoxy groups and an aromatic ring being 6 or greater.

Abstract: An abatement of the cytotoxicity to cells caused by mineral fibers/whiskers through the surface treatment of the fibers/whiskers with a material that changes the surface structure which eradicate charge and confer hydrophobicity. By pretreating the fibers/whiskers with such materials, an industrial hygiene problem occurring in the fabrication and handling of mineral fibers/whiskers is significantly reduced. Studies were conducted on mouse embryo cells and fetal lung cells, with essentially complete abatement of cytotoxicity when the mineral fibers/whiskers are treated with a silicone.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a structural member comprising a thermoplastic composite core with an exterior reinforcing layer, the core member is initially extruded in the shape of a profile. The profile is then contacted with reinforcing fiber and resin to form the exterior reinforcing layer. The exterior thermosetting layer is cured to form a reinforcing layer. The structural member is preferably manufactured using a pultrusion method in which a tractor device is used to provide linear movement of the profile from the extrusion head to the exterior coating operation. The fiber-reinforced thermoset is coated on the entirety of the exterior of the profile or is applied only on a portion of the profile requiring reinforcement in a defined load-bearing direction. The preferred thermoplastic core comprises a polymer-fiber composite material.

Abstract: A multilayered structure comprising at least 2 layers of a gas barrier resin layer and a protective layer, at least 1 layer thereof containing a deodorant, and a colostomy bag having excellent odor barrier properties (skatole and ammonia barrier properties) made of the film of the multilayered structure.

Abstract: The present invention resides in ignition resistant non-linear carbonaceous fiber or fiber tow having a reversible deflection ratio of greater than 1:1 but equal to or less than 1.2:1. The fibers have a multiplicity of crimps along their length with a crimp frequency on the order of from 6 to 15 crimps per inch. Fibers of the invention have an elongatability of from about 2 to about 9%, a pseudo-elongatability of from about 0.2 to about 18%, and a tenacity without a loss of elongation on the order of at least 6 g/d. The carbonaceous fibers can be used, for example, as thermal insulation and/or fire resistant insulation in vehicles, building structures or clothing in furniture coverings, carpets, and the like, and can be used alone or blended with other fibers to form fine yarns.

Abstract: A reinforcing member for civil and architectural structures is made up of a mixture of reinforcing fibers and thermoplastic fibers which become thermoplastic at a temperature which is lower than a temperature at which the reinforcing fibers become thermoplastic. The thermoplastic fibers may be mixed into each bundle of the reinforcing fibers. The mixture may be formed by arranging respective fiber bundles of the reinforcing fibers and fiber bundles of the thermoplastic fibers. It may also be made by mixing the thermoplastic fibers and an electrically conductive heat-generating wiring material into the reinforcing fibers.

Abstract: Partially oriented yarns (POY), when processed into short fibers and used as a fiber reinforcement in an elastomer, have been found to demonstrate reduced crack propagation in the elastomer. POY reinforced elastomers can be used in tires to replace cord reinforced components, and for example, can be used in the tread base of a tire, obviating the need for an overlay ply. In one embodiment it has been found that the properties of a fiber reinforced elastomer can be optimized by using a mixture of partially oriented fibers and fibrillated pulp fibers, such as pulped high modulus rigid rod liquid crystalline fibers, as the fiber reinforcement.

Abstract: Multidimensional oligomers of the present invention are surprisingly useful for advanced composites because each generally has a use temperature greatly in excess of its curing temperature. The oligomers have essentially no arms, and comprise crosslinking phenylimide end caps condensed directly onto an aromatic hub (preferably, phenyl) through "commodity" polymeric linkages, such as amide, diimide, ether, or ester. For example, p-nadicimidobenzoylchloride can be condensed with triaminobenzene to yield a multidimensional, crosslinking amide oligomer. Short chains of ether/carbonyl aromatic chains can be included, if desired. Methods for making these high-performance oligomers with ether/carbonyl aromatic chains use an Uhlman ether synthesis followed by a Friedel-Crafts reaction.

Abstract: A durable and extremely water- and oil repellent ultra thin film is formed on the surface of a substates such as glass, ceramics, fabrics, fur and cloth by a dehydrochlorination reaction between a functional group such as a hydroxyl group or an imino group on the surface of the substrate. The coating film of the material comprises a plurality of chlorosilyl groups was formed on the surface of the substrate by dipping and holding the substrate comprising functional groups on its surface in a solution prepared by dissolving a material comprising fluorocarbon groups and a plurality of chlorosily groups in a non-aqueous solvent and drying the substrate which is then taken out from the solution in a substantially moistureless or low moisture atmosphere and removing the non-aqueous solvent remaining on the substrate. Further, when the coating film is left in an atmosphere comprising moisture, i.e.

Abstract: An infrared radiation-interactive article comprising a supported or unsupported oxidizable metal film of an infrared radiation-interactive size and shape, with an oxidation-promoting salt in contact with the metal film, arranged so that in exposure to ambient moisture, the metal film is oxidizable to an infrared radiation non-interactive form. The article of the invention may be employed to carry out a method of generating a transient infrared radiation response, e.g., an infrared radiation reflectance signature, or infrared radiation absorption, at a selected locus receiving infrared radiation incident thereon, by disposing at the locus an infrared radiation interactively-effective amount of such infrared radiation-interactive article.

Abstract: A multi-layer film comprising a thermoplastic barrier layer, and a seal layer. The seal layer being an ethylene copolymer, having in the range of from about 5 to about 12 mol percent of a comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate and butyl acrylate. The multi-layer film is RF weldable in the range of from about 10 to about 50 MHz to form a non-peelable seal and where the seal layer has an anti-block matted surface.

Abstract: A laminated printed shrinkable film comprising at least a first unprinted shrinkable film laminated to a second printed shrinkable film. Preferably each said shrinkable film is shrinkable at a temperature no higher than 100.degree. C. The laminated printed film can be in the form of tubing suitable for sealing to make into a bag. The bag can be end-sealed or side-sealed. Bags made of such laminated printed film are useful in packaging food items such as meat.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for forming metal or non-metal carbide fiber from the corresponding metal or non-metal containing material such as a silicon sol or mixtures thereof and silicon, silicon carbide or silicon oxide, or mixtures of silicon carbide and silicon or silicon oxide.

Abstract: A blank material for manufacturing fiber-reinforced coatings or metal components comprising fibers made of a high-strength material and metals or metal alloys, and a process for manufacturing the blank, and for manufacturing coatings and components made therefrom. The fibers are aligned in the blank in parallel to its axis, and metal wire meshes are knitted around them, with the fibers embedded at a distance from one another. By means of high-temperature isostatic pressing, metal components can be made, through which the reinforcing fibers extend at a uniform distance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tube head equipped with an internal lining having a barrier effect, the internal lining consists of a multi-layered polymeric element fixed by an external surface layer of the element to a plastics annular covering of the head, the element also has one or more polymeric layers having a barrier effect and a total thickness of between 0.008 and 0.05 mm and an internal surface layer of polyolefin or of polyester. The invention also relates to such thermoformed monobloc becoming the internal lining element. The invention is suitable for the production of numerous tubes.

Abstract: Vulcanizable semiconductive shield compositions contain a linear, single-site catalyzed polymer formed by polymerizing ethylene with at least one comonomer selected from C.sub.3 to C.sub.20 alpha-olefins; a carbon black selected from furnace carbon blacks that contain ash and sulfur in amounts of 50 ppm or less and have crystal dimensions L.sub.a and L.sub.c of 30 .ANG. or less, acetylene carbon blacks, and furnace carbon blacks having an ASTM grade of N-351; and a crosslinking agent. The compositions may be used to manufacture semiconductive shields for electrical conductors, such as power cables. The semiconductive shields exhibit improved processability, low water vapor transmission and low shrinkback, without abrading or corroding extrusion equipment.

Abstract: Continuous, elongated nickel plated graphite fibers are bound with an epoxy and are formed into a structural shape (11). An area (13) of the epoxy is removed by bead blasting to expose a layer of the plated graphite fibers (14), which are aligned in the desired direction of radio frequency current propagation. The bead blasted area (13) is then silver plated to obtain good contact to the plated graphite fibers (14) and resultant high conductivity from the structural shape (11).

Abstract: The pyrolytic carbon lamellar interphase is formed on the reinforcing fibers inside a chamber in which a plurality of successive cycles is performed, each cycle comprising: injecting a reaction gas in which the pyrolytic carbon precursor is selected from alkanes, excluding methane taken as a sole component, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof; the gas is maintained inside the chamber for a first predetermined time period to form an interphase layer of controlled thickness of nanometer size; the gaseous reaction products are then evacuated during a second time period; the cycles being performed consecutively in the chamber until the thickness desired for the interphase has been obtained, thereby achieving a lamellar interphase that is highly anisotropic, whose lattice fringe texture has distorted fringes of total length (L.sub.2) not less than 4 nanometers on average with maximum values exceeding 10 nanometers.

Abstract: An ethylene homopolymer or copolymer comprising ethylene and not more than 10% by weight of an .alpha.-olefin having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms and a fuel tank obtained therefrom are disclosed, said ethylene homopolymer or copolymer having (1) an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.] of from 2 to 6 dl/g, (2) a density of from 0.945 to 0.970 g/cm.sup.3, (3) an R value of from 2.5 to 4, said R value being defined as a .sigma..sub.2 /.rho..sub.1 ratio, wherein .sigma..sub.1 and .sigma..sub.2 mean stress in elongation with a strain at 2 sec and 4 sec, respectively, under a flow at an elongational strain rate .epsilon. of 0.5 sec.sup.-1, and (4) a relationship between high-velocity impact strength (HRI-IZOD) measured at -30.degree. C. and a melt index under a load of 21.6 kg (HLMI) satisfying formula:HRI-IZOD.gtoreq.-log HLMI+1.

Abstract: A two-phase stainless steel wire rope having a high fatigue resistance and a high corrosion resistance, containing two-phase stainless steel wires of 0.03 to 0.1% by weight of C, 0.33 to 1.0% by weight of Si, 0.65 to 1.5% by weight of Mn, 0.019 to 0.04% by weight P, 0.004 to 0.03% by weight of S, 18.21 to 30% by weight of Cr, 3.10 to 8.0% by weight of Ni, 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of Mo, with the balance being Fe, and 30.0 to 80.0% by volume of ferrite, which wire rope has a means slenderness ratio, M.sub.R, of 4 to 20 by wire drawing.

Abstract: An extrudable vinylidene chloride composition is useful in packaging films where controlled CO.sub.2 and O.sub.2 transmission rates benefit the packaging of products such as gassing cheese. The compositon, and film made therefrom, comprises 100 parts by weight of at least one vinylidene chloride copolymer; between 4 and 15 parts by weight of a plasticizer; and between 4 and 15 parts by weight of an acrylate/styrene copolymer; wherein the total amount of plasticizer and acrylate/styrene copolymer comprises at least 9 parts by weight.

Abstract: The oxidation protection for a surface of a carbon/carbon composite substrate having a primary protective coating previously formed thereon is improved by applying to said surface a layer of a coating material comprising titanium diboride, colloidal silica, and an intermetallic compound, e.g., silicon carbide. The primary coating can be a boronated silicon carbide coating.

Abstract: A laminar article comprising a blend of at least one olefin polymer and at least one ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. If desired, a compatibilizer may also be included in the blend. The melting point of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having the highest melting point in the blend is at least 5.degree. C. below the melting point of the olefin polymer having the lowest melting point in the blend. The melt index of the olefin polymer can be higher than, lower than, or equal to the melt index of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.

Abstract: A molding material shaped like a plate and comprising a composite of continuous fibers and thermoplastic resin wherein each of the filaments which form the continuous fiber is coated around the surface thereof with the thermoplastic resin. Although the molding material has a high density of reinforcing fibers therein, it provides excellent distribution of fibers in the molding process; few of its fibers are broken, and its mechanical strength is considerably enhanced when its specific surface is made larger than a certain value. This molding material can be used for injection, extrusion and compression moldings.

Abstract: An applicator with a surface having a first wetting angle and a first surface area, which surface area has grafted thereto a layer of ion-producing gas plasma having a second wetting angle and a second surface are, wherein the second wetting angle is less than the first wetting angle and the second surface area is greater than the first surface area.

Abstract: Lidding film, without metal foil, for lidding push-through forms of packaging, where the lidding film contains at least one polyolefin-based or polyester-based thermoplastic and the thermoplastic contains 5 to 50 wt % filler material. With the aid of a sealing layer the lidding film can, if desired, be sealed onto the bottom part of a push-through form of packaging or blister pack. The lidding film is inelastic to such a degree that the packaged contents can be pushed through the film.

Abstract: The invention provides a film, a package and methods for employing the same. The film has a first layer of an elastomer and a second layer of a polyethylene such as a single site catalyst polyethylene. The film can have a third layer of a polyethylene such that the second layer is disposed between the first and third layers. The polyethylene of the third layer also can be single site catalyst polyethylene and, the elastomer of the first layer can be styrene butadiene copolymer. The film has an oxygen transmission rate of up to about 1000, such as 150-450 cc/100 in.sup.2 /24 hr., typically 260-400 cc/100 in.sup.2 /24 hr., with values of 300, 350-360, 400 cc/100 in.sup.2 /24 hr. and even higher exhibited by the film. The film is suitable for packages, for instance, packaging for cole slaw and leafy salad. The film also exhibits excellent clarity, durability, seal strength and machinability.

Abstract: Activated carbon fiber is made by pre-treating a carbonized fibrous material, preferably a carbonized cellulose fiber, with a solution of nitrogen-containing compound, comprising at least one of the following substances: urea, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium acetate, and other organic salts of ammonia such as formate, carbamate, citrate and oxylate, and activating the pre-treated carbonized material at 800.degree. to 1200.degree. C. in an atmosphere comprising steam and/or carbon dioxide until a high degree of activation is produced. The activated carbon fiber material is amphoteric, wherein both acidic and basic functional groups are present on its surface. The resulting material is suitable for removing organic impurities, cations and anions from water and other fluids.

Abstract: A container to hold aromatic substances which can be sealed aroma-tight with a composite film consisting of several laminae. The composite film on the top of the container is made up of an aroma-tight outer film having at least two laminae and an aroma-permeable inner film which is detachably bonded to the outer film by means of a bonding agent. The outer film can be applied onto the inner film or membrane film, which consists of at least two permanently bonded laminae, whereby the lamina adhering to the container is made of polyethylene and the third or top lamina is made of a polymer materialwhich has a different density. The surface structure of the side of the membrane film facing away from the container is selected in such away that the entire membrane film stays on the container when the outer film (16) is pulled off.

Abstract: A plastic pipe having improved resistance, inter alia, to methanol-containing fuels and improved mechanical properties, comprising at least:(I) an outer layer,(III) an inner layer comprising a moulding composition based on polyvinylidene fluoride, and(II) an intermediate layer disposed between said inner layer (I) and said outer layer (III) comprising a moulding composition based on a mixture of(a) polyamide, and(b) polyglutarimide,wherein the adjacent layers (I) to (III) are each adhesively bonded to one another.

Abstract: An easy open tear control package, preferably a pouch, from a film of polymeric barrier material is disclosed. Methods and films for making of such packages are also disclosed. The easy open tear control feature arises from roughening portions of the outer or inner surface of the films, prior to fabricating into the package. The roughened portion is on one face or on each face of the package and is at least a full width of a seal when the film is made into the package. The roughened portion can extend the entire width of the package and can be of any desired length.

Abstract: A new prepreg material having good tack drape properties and feasible out-time and articles derived therefrom as well as processes for preparation these products are disclosed. The prepreg is prepared by impregnating inorganic fibers with a compostion comprising:(A) fine powder of a metal oxide or oxides having an average particle diameter of not larger than 1 .mu.m,(B) a soluble siloxane polymer having double chain structure,(C) a trifunctional silane compound having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond in the molecule thereof,(D) a organic peroxide,(E) a radically polymerizable monomer having at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds; and heating the impregnated fibers.

Abstract: An improved fiber reinforced glass composite includes a carbon-coated refractory fiber in a matrix of a black glass ceramic having the empirical formula SiCxOy where x ranges from about 0.5 to about 2.0, preferably 0.9 to 1.6 and y ranges from about 0.5 to 3.0, preferably 0.7 to 1.8. Preferably the black glass ceramic is derived from cyclosiloxane monomers containing a vinyl group attached to silicon and/or a hydride-silicon group.

Abstract: A polymeric film structure having improved oxygen, flavor/odor, grease/oil and moisture barrier characteristics is disclosed. The structure includes a polymeric core sandwiched between an oxygen barrier on one side thereof and a moisture barrier on the other side of the polymeric core. The oxygen barrier includes polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked with aldehyde containing cross-linking agents in the presence of a catalytic amount of an inorganic acid, preferably sulfuric acid. The moisture barrier is a coating of polyvinylidene chloride, which also enhances the oxygen barrier of the polymeric film structure.

Abstract: The invention is directed to chopped strands of carbon fibers in which 0.3-5% by weight of carbonaceous spherules are present between filaments of carbon fibers. The chopped strands of carbon fibers can be used in spinning. During production, the chopped strands include water, or an organic medium, in which 1-15% by weight of carbonaceous spherules are dispersed. The chopped strands of carbon fibers show no fusion of filaments together, are excellent in separationability and easily disperse in a matrix while maintaining excellent bundling properties.

Abstract: A preform for use in the production of a container in a blow-molding operation includes an inner parison molded in a first mold to include a finish portion including a mouth-defining opening, a threaded outer surface adapted to engage a container closure, and a lower margin including a support ring, a closed bottom portion including a gate vestige, and a barrel portion extending between the finish portion lower margin and the bottom portion, and an outer parison molded in a second mold and consisting essentially of a barrel portion having a length similar to the inner parison barrel portion and a bottom portion including an opening for receiving the inner parison gate vestige, the outer parison having an inner surface conformably matching the inner parison outer surface. The outer parison is mechanically telescopically assembled over the inner parison outside the first and second molds to form a layered preform, the preform optionally including an intermediate layer.

Abstract: Coating compositions which have improved oxygen and flavor/odor barrier characteristics are disclosed. The coating compositions are obtained by coating a polymeric substrate with an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and urea and drying the coating at a temperature sufficient to allow the polyvinyl alcohol and urea to crosslink such that urethane linkages are formed at least between the polymeric substrate and the coating composition. Polymeric film structures including coating compositions and a method of making the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fiber blend for use in friction materials. The fiber contains a blend of a highly fibrillated fiber, such as a fibrillated polyacrylonitrile fiber and a fiber with a high carbon content, such as an oxidized carbon fiber precursor.