Abstract: An anti-Newton ring film excellent in transparency and anti-scratching property is provided. The anti-Newton ring film comprises a transparent substrate and a resin layer formed on one or both sides of the substrate, wherein the resin layer comprising an ionizing radiation curable resin as a binder and a particulate material dispersed in the binder. Preferably, the particulate material is a lubricant.

Abstract: A cut-resistant and shred-resistant absorbent sheet material including an absorbent substrate and cut-resistant particles distributed through the substrate. Preferably, the absorbent substrate comprises cellulosic material and the particles comprise polymeric materials having an average size of at least about 100 micrometers, and most preferably between 100 and 1000 micrometers. It is also preferred that the absorbent substrate is provided in an amount of at least 50 percent by weight and is substantially free of inorganic free filler particulate. In addition, it is preferred that the sheet material has a basis weight of at least 100 pounds per 3000 ft2, and that the particles are provided in an amount of between about 10 percent and about 50 percent by weight of the sheet. The sheet material can be made using typical paper making processes. Preferably, heat and/or pressure are applied to the sheet material to cause the particles to at least partially flow, so as to bond to the absorbent substrate.

Abstract: A composite plate-shaped metal titanate having a composition expressed in MO.TiO2 (wherein M denotes a divalent metal) in which a surface of crystalline metal titanate is partially or entirely coated with amorphous and/or crystalline TiO2.

Abstract: A cast coated printing sheet providing high paper gloss and smoothness, desirable printing performance characteristics, and enhanced printed product attributes. The cast coated sheet comprises a substrate and a brushed coating layer comprising (a) a pigment, (b) a functionally effective amount of latex such that a dried unbrushed layer of the coating will not adhere sufficiently to the casting surface to allow the unbrushed layer to be cast, and (c) a functionally effective amount of brushing agent such that damage to the coating layer surface during brushing is minimized. The invention further provides methods for manufacturing such cast coated printing sheets.

Abstract: A method of purification of physiological liquids of organism has the step of passing a physiological liquid through a material which has a size, a shape, and a structure selected so as to remove toxic compounds from the physiological liquid and is composed of a partially chloromethylated porous highly crosslinked styrene or divinylbenzene copolymer which initially have surface exposed chloromethyl groups in which thereafter chlorine is replaced with an element which forms different surface exposed functional groups with a greater hydrophilicity and greater biocompatibility than that of the chloromethyl group.

Abstract: A magnetic layer (46) of a magnetoelectronics element (40) is provided that has a first sub-element layer (48) and a second sub-element layer (50). The first sub-element layer (48) is configured to have a first area and the second sub-element layer (50) is configured to have a second area that is less than the first area.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method of growing a doped glass films suitable for optical applications on a substrate comprising the steps of conveying an organometallic compound of the formula (R3SiO)jM(OR′)k to the substrate and reacting the silica forming substance and the organometallic compound to form the optical layer on the substrate, where M is a metal; R is methyl, ethyl or propyl; R′ is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl or s-butyl; j is 1, 2, 3 or 4; and k=4−j. The present invention also includes planar optical devices made by the above method. Additionally, the present invention includes an optical fiber made by the above method.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming an inorganic layer on a surface of a copper material, made of copper or of a copper-based alloy: a browning anodic oxidation process is performed on the copper material in an electrolytic bath containing only an alkali (for example NaOH) at a specified concentration in aqueous solution, under controlled condition of temperature and anodic current density and for a period of time suitable to form a continuous layer basically formed of copper (I) oxide (Cu2O): layers highly adherent to the copper substrate and having good mechanical behaviour are produced: different colors and optical properties may be obtained by controlling the process conditions so as to influence the crystalline form of the Cu2O layers.

Abstract: A bright metallized formable film laminate having excellent optical and deformation properties. The bright metallized formable film laminate preferably includes a formable, weatherable clear coat film comprising polyvinylidene difluoride, a formable clear coat leveling layer on the weatherable clear coat film, and a discontinuous layer of indium islands deposited on the formable leveling layer, opposite said weatherable clear coat film. Also disclosed are methods of making such bright metallized formable film laminates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hard coat film used for various types of displays, wherein cracking and peeling of the hard coat layer is prevented, hardness reduction of the hard coat film is suppressed and the pencil hardness of the hard coat film is in the range of 4H-8H. The hard coat film includes a buffer layer (2) with a thickness of 3-50 &mgr;m, formed on at least one side of a plastic base film (1), which has a buffer function against deformation of the hard coat layer in response to deformation of the plastic base film (1), and a hard coat layer (3) with a thickness of 3-15 &mgr;m additionally formed over the buffer layer. The hard coat film (9) is designed so that the pencil hardness of the plastic base film (1), the pencil hardness of the buffer layer and the pencil hardness of the hard coat layer increase in that order.

Abstract: A surface treatment method for enhancing hydrophobicity of the surface of a film support is disclosed, comprising subjecting at least one side of the surface to a gas-discharge plasma treatment in a gas phase atmosphere comprising (a) an inert gas comprising argon or helium and (b) a reactive gas comprising a hydrocarbon gas or fluorinated hydrocarbon gas. There is also disclosed a photothermographic material by the use of the support having been subjected to the surface treatment.

Abstract: The sealability of a thermoplastic, mono- or multi-layer film having an irradiated sealing layer comprising a polyethylene and/or an ethylene-x-olefin copolymer with a density ≧0.915 g/cm3 is improved by corona treating said sealing layer. The integrity of the obtained sealed container is maintained under pasteurizing or cook-in conditions.

Abstract: An article of manufacture including a graphite sheet having a texturized surface. The article of manufacture comprises, in one embodiment, about 90 to 99 percent vermicular graphite and about 1 to 10 percent of a filler (e.g., talc or mica). The article of manufacture may also include an insert in the form of a sheet of, for example, stainless steel, polyester film, or fiberglass fabric. Also, a method including combining an article having a surface texture with a graphite sheet, and imparting the surface texture to a surface of the graphite sheet.

Abstract: Decorative grasses having a texture and/or appearance assimilating the texture and/or appearance of paper are disclosed, as are method for making such decorative grasses from materials wherein at least one surface of the materials is modified to assimilate the texture and/or appearance of paper.

Abstract: An ion complex which comprises a water-insoluble polyion (P) and a water-soluble polyion (A); and is insoluble in water and soluble in an aqueous organic solvent. Such an ion complex becomes a coating material which can preferably be used for coating of various ionic substances (e.g., substance having biological activity such as an anticoagulant property or an antibacterial property).

Abstract: Laminated adhesive-backed color-correction and light-diffusion filters are comprised of a gel layer having a desired light wavelength characteristic, one face of which is affixed by means of an optically transparent adhesive to an optically transparent supporting substrate. The other side of the supporting substrate is fixed, by means of an optically transparent adhesive layer, to an optically transparent peelable protective film. This process is done in such a way that no distortion, irregularities, or imperfections are detectable on any surface, allowing clear visual inspection and full color-corrective quality. Moreover, more than one such filter can be combined to achieve unique results.

Abstract: A film laminate for printing comprises a polyolefin film in which at least one side is surface-modified and an anchor layer formed on the surface-modified side of the polyolefin film and containing an oxazoline group-modified resin. The film laminate is prepared by subjecting at least one side of a longitudinally oriented polyolefin film to a corona discharge treatment, forming an ethylene-acrylic acid type copolymer layer on the corona discharge-treated side of the film, laterally orienting the film, and then forming an anchor layer comprising a binder resin, and an oxazoline group-modified resin, on the modified surface of the surface-modified polyolefin film subjected to the corona discharge treatment. The film laminate for printing is excellent in its transparency and it is also excellent in the adhesion to a coated layer.

Abstract: A release liner having an excellent releasability, workability, anti-curling properties and cleanness and little outgassing is described, which comprises the following layers A, B and C, wherein the thickness of the layer A:the sum of the thickness of the layers B and C formed on the either side of the layer A is from 9:1 to 6:4, the total thickness of the release liner is from 40 to 150 &mgr;m and the total outgassing developed when the release liner is heated to a temperature of 120° C.

Abstract: Sanitary wares having a controlled surface are disclosed which are less likely to be stained or soiled and/or possess excellent gloss. The first sanitary ware comprises a sanitary ware body and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body, wherein the surface glaze layer has a center line average roughness Ra of less than 0.07 &mgr;m. This sanitary ware is advantageous in that stains or soils are much less likely to be adhered to the surface thereof and, even when adhered to the surface thereof, can be removed by a weak water stream. The second sanitary ware comprises a sanitary ware body and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body, wherein the surface glaze layer has a kurtosis Rku of less than 2.70. This sanitary ware advantageously possesses excellent surface gloss.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a copper foil having excellent adhesion to an etching resist layer, without performing physical polishing such as buffing in pre-treatment of an etching process to form a circuit from the copper foil. To attain the object, in electroforming, a titanium material having a grain size number of 6.0 or more is employed as a copper deposition surface of the rotating drum cathode, and glue and/or gelatin is added in an amount of 0.2-20 mg/l to a copper sulfate solution, thereby producing a drum foil. An electrodeposited copper foil obtained from the drum foil, wherein 20% or more of the crystals present in a shiny side surface of the electrodeposited copper foil have a twin-crystal structure, is used for producing copper-clad laminates.

Abstract: In a wet friction material and a method therefor of the present invention, an excessive binder coating on the outermost surface layer of the friction material is removed or prevented while at least one of impregnation, drying and setting of a binder, and further the surface of the friction material is smoothed by means of heating, pressurizing and molding.

Abstract: The surfaces of an amorphous carbon substrate 10 of a scintillator panel 1 have undergone sandblasting, and an Al film 12 serving as a reflecting film is formed on one surface. A columnar scintillator 14 for converting incident radiation into visible light is formed on the surface of the Al film 12.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide not only a semiconductor wafer obtained by forming a semiconductor thin film with uniform resistivity and substantially no slip dislocation on a main surface of a semiconductor single crystal substrate having a relatively low dopant concentration, as large as 300 mm or more in diameter but also a vapor phase growth apparatus by means of which such a semiconductor wafer can be produced.

Abstract: There is described a fiber-reinforced material composed of a sheetlike textile material and a thermoset resin with a fiber content of from 30 to 70% by weight, at least 30% of the fiber being synthetic fiber. The thermoset resin is preferably a phenolic resin which contains up to 25% by weight of a fluoropolymer. The sheetlike textile material is preferably 100% synthetic fiber, in particular polyacrylonitrile fiber. There are also described a prepeg formed from the textile material and the thermosetting resin and the process for producing these articles and the use of the material for producing construction elements, in particular for hydraulic systems, by application of mechanical shaping processes.

Abstract: An image receiving sheet includes a substrate and a receptor layer. The substrate has at least one face, the receptor layer has a binder resin, and the receptor layer is provided on the face of the substrate. The binder resin of the receptor layer has storage elasticity moduli of 104 Pa or more at 130° C. and 102 Pa or more at 200° C.

Abstract: A decorative composite stone material, the finished face of which is more durable and requires less maintenance than previous composite stone products. The decorative component of the aggregate material is specifically limited to a hard aggregate of enhanced aesthetic appeal, specifically, to granules of quartz or other transparent or semi-transparent material having a Mohs index of at least 7, naturally occurring or synthetic. The granules of quartz are adjustably coated with a metallic, ceramic, plastic or other film, mixed with a binder, cast, and cured. In the surface finishing step, granules close to the surface are ground to create an exposed facet through which light passes in and out, the coating providing reflective properties that add color, sparkle, glitter, metallic or other visual effect to the hard composite stone surface without compromising the hardness and durability of the product.

Abstract: The ceramic member of this invention is formed on the surfaces of crystal grains with a plurality of protrusions having smaller diameter than that of the crystal grain, said crystal grain composing at least the surface or its vicinity of a dense ceramic base material of purity being 95 wt % or higher. Such ceramic members may be produced by performing the surface of a dense ceramic base material with a corrosion treatment in an acid etchant, the dense ceramic base material having purity of 95 wt % or higher and exceeding 90% of a theoretical density, whereby ceramic grains existing on the surface or its vicinity of the base material are formed on the surface thereof with a plurality of protrusions.

Abstract: Thermoplastic products such as vehicle cargo area liners, floor mats, recreational and playground equipment, cargo pallets, and wet area walking surfaces are provided with an antislip surface treatment. The antislip surface is made up of individual non-interconnected asperities of an antislip polymer material, which do not form a continuous film over the surface of the thermoplastic product. The thermoplastic product is especially made of high density polyethylene. The antislip polymer is preferably a thermoset polymer, and most particularly is a polyurea/isocyanate polymer. The antislip polymer is preferably applied by spraying, and then the product is heat treated at a temperature in the range from 100 to 200° F., or is thermoformed at a temperature in the range from 250 to 550° F. The antislip asperities are durably bonded onto the thermoplastic base material, and provide a significantly increased coefficient of friction.

Abstract: An elastomer delustering method comprising impregnating the surface of an elastomer with an organic compound having air-oxidizable curable unsaturated groups.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a nonmagnetic substrate having applied thereon through a nonmagnetic underlayer a magnetic recording layer composed of a magnetic metal material. The nonmagnetic substrate has a smooth surface with an average surface roughness Ra of not more than 20 Å, a recesses-and protrusions-forming layer having stripe-like protrusions and recesses in the circumferential direction, formed on the substrate. A CrP or CrMoP reinforcing coat layer having a hardness higher than that of the recesses-and protrusions-forming layer is sandwiched between the substrate and the recesses-and-protrusions-forming layer.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented polyolefin film having more than one layer and made from a base layer and from at least one outer layer. The base layer include a fatty amide and the outer layer include at least 80% by weight of a linear olefin polymer. The film is suitable, for example, for producing a film laminate by melt extrusion of a polyethylene layer.

Abstract: A method of producing an organic LED display panel, which includes: a step of preparing a donor film by forming a transfer film on a base film comprising at least a foundation film and a light-to-heat conversion layer and a step of combining the donor film with a substrate and irradiating the donor film with one of a light beam and a heat radiation beam to pattern-transfer the transfer film from the donor film onto the substrate, wherein surfaces of the base film and the substrate which are to be brought into contact with the transfer film are hydrophilic or hydrophobic, and have water contact angles &thgr;1 and &thgr;2, respectively, which satisfy the following expression (I):

Abstract: An antistatic hard coat film for various displays is provided which can prevent electrostatic deposition of foreign materials and at the same time possesses excellent scratch resistance and hardness high enough not to cause a deterioration in transparency upon being rubbed. The antistatic hard coat film 5 comprises: a transparent substrate film 1; a transparent conductive layer 2, having a surface resistivity of preferably not more than 1012 &OHgr;/□, provided on the substrate film 1; and a hard coat 3 provided on the transparent conductive layer 2, the hard coat 3 preferably having such an anisotropic conductivity that the resistivity in the layer surface direction is higher than the resistivity in the layer thickness direction.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented polyester film for magnetic recording media which has (1) a Young's modulus in a machine direction of 5.0 GPa or less and a Young's modulus in a direction perpendicular to the machine direction of 8.0 GPa or more, (2) a surface roughness on one side of 0.3 to 1.5 nm when measured for a measurement area of 246.6×187.5 &mgr;m and 0.1 to 3.0 nm when measured for a measurement area of 2.5×1.9 mm and a surface roughness on the other side of 0.6 to 2.5 nm when measured for a measurement area of 246.6×187.5 &mgr;m and 0.1 to 5.0 nm when measured for a measurement area of 2.5×1.9 mm, and, (3) controlled heat shrinkage factors in the machine and transverse directions at 105° C. and 150° C.

Abstract: A polypropylene film contains a non-migratory slip and release additive package of a synthetic or mineral wax, an aluminosilicate additive, and optionally a silicone oil and a crosslinked silicone polymer resin. This film has excellent and stable cold seal adhesive release properties and exhibits a marked improvement in stable slipperiness, excellent transparency, excellent printability, and no cold seal adhesive deadening.

Abstract: A weather strip comprises an extruded part and a molded part which is connected to the extruded part. The molded part is molded from a material containing a solid particle antifriction material and has 1 to 50 &mgr;m of ten points average surface roughness (Rz) on the surface of the molded part. The material is a thermoplastic elastomer or a soft resin.

Abstract: Stripped porous polymer film and a method for making such film from substantially heterogeneous porous polymer film are described. The heterogeneous film has surface characteristics that are different from the characteristics of the interior bulk material, and the method comprises mechanically stripping at least a portion of at least one surface layer from the heterogeneous film. The stripped porous polymer film may be incorporated into composite membranes. Such composite membranes are particularly suitable for incorporation into membrane electrode assemblies for use in electrochemical cells, including electrochemical fuel cells.

Abstract: A paperboard product having at least one layer of bleached or semi-bleached pulp and having improved smoothness and reduced bulk loss. For paperboard having sizing without pigment, the smoothness on the printed side, measured by the Parker test is better (lower) than 6.5 when measured using a pressure of 10 kgf/cm2 while the smoothness measured by the Hagerty/Sheffield test is not below 280 Sheffield units. For paperboard having sizing with pigment, the Parker smoothness is less than 5.0 and the Hagerty/Sheffield smoothness is not less than 180 Sheffield units. The web is finished by applying temperature and moisture gradients, then smoothing the web surface using extended nip calendering. The surface temperature of the calendering roll is maintained at 250-400° F. Prior to entering the extended nip, the web surface is moisturized using steam showers. The nipload applied in the heated extended nip is preferably between 300 to 2,500 pli.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods of improving blocking resistant properties and reducing the coefficient of friction of a multilayer film comprising providing at least one layer of an ethylene-propylene impact copolymer having from about 3% to about 30% by weight ethylene, wherein said copolymer has no more than two peaks in the melting curve within the range from about 110° C. to about 165° C., and wherein said layer is non-heat sealable, to a multilayer film having a core layer comprising polypropylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE) or linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), whereby anti-blocking and coefficient of friction characteristics of said film is improved without necessity of adding an antiblock or slip agent.

Abstract: In conjunction with a so-called patterned medium comprising recording tracks each having an array of unit minute recording portions of a magnetic material separated by non-recording portions of a nonmagnetic material, the invention aims to prevent the recorded information from being disrupted by contact of a magnetic head slider with the medium. The magnetic recording medium of the invention includes recording tracks each having an array of unit minute recording portions (14) of a magnetic material separated by non-recording portions (16) of a nonmagnetic material. The surface height of the unit minute recording portions (14) is set lower than the surface height of the non-recording portions (16).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of depositing a carbon doped silicon oxide film having a low dielectric constant (k). A process gas mixture containing at least a carrier gas, an oxidizer, a carbon gas source, or combinations thereof, is supplied adjacent an edge of a substrate though a purge gas inlet in a substrate support to facilitate deposition of low k carbon doped silicon oxide film having a greater concentration of silicon oxide around the edge of the substrate than an inner portion of the substrate.

Abstract: Decorative grasses having a texture and/or appearance assimilating the texture and/or appearance of paper are disclosed, as are method for making such decorative grasses from materials wherein at least one surface of the materials is modified to assimilate the texture and/or appearance of paper.

Abstract: Curled decorative grasses having a texture or appearance simulating the texture or appearance of paper on at least a portion of one surface thereof are disclosed, as are methods for making such curled decorative grasses from materials wherein at least a portion of one surface of the materials is modified to simulate the texture or appearance of paper.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented polyester film which has a difference between refractive index on the front side and refractive index on the rear side of the film of 0 to 0.002, a heat shrinkage factor of 0 to 0.6% when it is heated at 105° C. for 30 minutes under no load, a Young's modulus of 4,609 MPa (470 kg/mm2) or more and a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of Young's modulus on the film plane of 981 MPa (100 kg/mm2) or less, a center line average roughness on the film plane of 2 to 10 nm, and a static friction coefficient of 0.55 or less. A flexible disk having excellent electromagnetic conversion characteristics can be produced by forming an adhesive layer on both sides of the film and a magnetic layer on the adhesive layer.

Abstract: A direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a water-resistant support having provided thereon an image receiving layer, wherein the image receiving layer comprises particles having rough surface composed of core particles having on the surfaces thereof fine particles adhered, and a binder resin comprising a complex composed of a resin containing a siloxane bond in which a silicon atom is connected with an oxygen atom and an organic polymer containing a group capable of forming a hydrogen bond with the resin containing a siloxane bond. According to the use of the direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor of the present invention, images free from not only background stain over an entire surface but also dot-like stain can be formed thereon. Also, the direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor can prepare a lithographic printing plate providing a great number of printed matter having clear images free from disappearance or distortion of image.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gold-plated body, a method for surface treatment of a gold-plated body, a surface-treated product, and an immobilization method which make it possible to immobilize a large number of sulfur-containing molecules. With the surface treatment method in accordance with the present invention, the surface of a gold-plated body is subjected to an annealing treatment at a temperature of 350 to 790° C. so that a large number of sulfur-containing molecules can be immobilized thereon. In particular, the treatment is conducted so as to obtain a structure in which surface gold crystals have no less than 30% planes with (1, 1, 1) orientation. The present invention also provides a method for the manufacture of a gold-plated body that allows a large number of sulfur-containing molecules to be immobilized on the surface thereof, by which surface gold crystals are formed from a starting material comprising a crystal growth enhancer.

Abstract: A silicon nitride sintered body comprising Mg and at least one rare earth element selected from the group consisting of La, Y, Gd and Yb, the total oxide-converted content of the above elements being 0.6-7 weight %, with Mg converted to MgO and rare earth elements converted to rare earth oxides RExOy. The silicon nitride sintered body is produced by mixing 1-50 parts by weight of a first silicon nitride powder having a &bgr;-particle ratio of 30-100%, an oxygen content of 0.5 weight % or less, an average particle size of 0.2-10 &mgr;m, and an aspect ratio of 10 or less, with 99-50 parts by weight of &agr;-silicon nitride powder having an average particle size of 0.2-4 &mgr;m; and sintering the resultant mixture at a temperature of 1,800° C. or higher and pressure of 5 atm or more in a nitrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium includes an underlayer 12 formed of an inorganic compound layer, and a magnetic layer 13 formed over the underlayer 12. The inorganic compound layer as the underlayer 12 has crystal grains and at least one kind of oxide, the crystal grains having as main elements at least one of cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide and nickel oxide, the at least one kind of oxide lying as a non-crystalline phase in grain boundaries between the crystal grains and selected from among silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide and zinc oxide.

Abstract: Polymeric articles, including membranes, with surfaces having a desired chemical functionality are created by surface segregation of a branched component blended with a compatible, matrix base component, the branched component having the desired chemical functionality. In particular, hydrophilic surfaces are created via surface segregation of a branched hydrophilic copolymer blended into a polymer matrix. The use of branched molecular architecture provides a thermodynamic mechanism for the segregation of the hydrophilic species to the surface and a means for achieving a high surface coverage of the hydrophilic moiety. The branched hydrophilic copolymer can be defined by a random copolymer including two or more methacrylate or acrylate monomers, at least one of which features a short hydrophilic side chain, such as a polyethylene glycol side chain. The branched hydrophilic copolymer is compatible, and well-entangled, with the acrylate polymer matrix.

Abstract: The present invention provides a material having adhesiveness to bone and/or fascia, which is composed of a polymeric material comprising carbon as a constituent element, and at least a part of a surface of which is modified by ion bombardment. The material of the present invention is applicable as a prosthesis in surgery of spinal diseases and as a prosthesis in surgery on thoracic organs and abdominal organs or musculoskeleton in addition to the application thereof to the artificial dura mater.