Abstract: This invention relates to a glass sheet having a low content of alkaline oxides and alkaline-earth oxides, in the composition of which the sum of the alkaline and alkaline-earth oxides is less than or equal to 15%, with a sodium oxide content less than or equal to 10%, the values being expressed in percentages by weight, at least one of the faces of which is constituted of a surface zone virtually devoid, notably, of alkaline ions.

Abstract: Mirror resin backings containing antioxidant pigments which are cyanamide derivatives of metals, are protective backing coatings for glass substrates and mirrors. The resin backings are melamine based resin coatings which provide anti-corrosion protection for the metal layers with metal cyanamide antioxidant pigments.

Abstract: A durable energy-conserving window glass is produced with very low scattering of visible light. A typical structure consists of soda-lime glass coated successively with alumina, then fluorine-doped tin oxide and finally with bismuth silicate glass. The whole structure is heated so that the bismuth silicate glass softens and flows to form a smooth surface.

Abstract: An ultraviolet absorbing multilayer coating formed on one side of a transparent substrate includes a first layer formed on a surface of the transparent substrate and a second layer formed on the first layer. The first layer is an ultraviolet absorbing film of a hardened primer coating of a synthetic resin which is mixed with a fluorescent brightening agent and an ultraviolet absorbing agent. The second layer is a film of a siloxane polymer. An optional infrared reflecting coating is interposed between the transparent substrate and the first layer. The ultraviolet rays until the upper limit of its wavelength can be substantially absorbed by the multilayer coating.

Abstract: A transparent substrate (i), particularly glass, having a stack of thin films comprising successively form the substrate:i) a first dielectric material film;ii) a first film having infrared reflection properties;iii) a second dielectric material film;iv) a second film having infrared reflection properties;v) a third dielectric material film;vi) a third film having infrared reflection properties; andvii) a fourth dielectric material film, wherein the thickness of said third film having infrared reflection properties (vi) is greater than the thickness of said second film having infrared reflection properties (iv) and the thickness of said second film having infrared reflection properties (iv) is greater than the thickness of said first film having infrared reflection properties (ii).

Abstract: A metal-oxide layer exhibiting a photocatalytic activity function is formed on the surface of an inorganic architectural material, such as external wall material, roofing material, internal wall material, flooring material, and ceiling material, including glass, tile, concrete, stone, metal, and the like, so as to provide the property of deodorizing a space coming in contact with the architectural material, and antimold, antisoiling properties, and ultraviolet-ray absorbency of the surface of the architectural material, as well as the long-term maintenance of these properties. Preferably, the metal-oxide layer is formed by fixing a metal-oxide thin film on the surface of the architectural material.

Abstract: Solar energy absorptive coatings that comprise single cermet layers with a homogeneous metal volume fraction exhibit an absorptance of about 0.8, which is not high enough for practical solar applications. To achieve absorptance greater than 0.9, graded composite films have been developed, but they give rise to higher thermal emittance due to the absorption edge not being sharp enough. This leads to increased thermal emittance at high operating temperatures, in the range of 300.degree. C. to 500.degree. C. There is now disclosed a novel solar selective surface coating which is composed of two cermet layers, with different metal volume fractions in each layer. The two cermet layers have different thicknesses, and the layers have thicknesses and volume fractions such that solar radiation is absorbed by internal absorbing and phase cancellation interference, but the cermet layers are substantially transparent in the thermal infrared region.

Abstract: A heat reflecting and/or electrically heatable laminated glazing system having two single glass panes bonded together by a thermoplastic film such as polyvinyl butyral is disclosed. One of these two panes includes a layered construction, preferably of a conductive silver layer and an dielectric layer, preferably of zinc oxide, which is disposed on the silver layer. A bonding layer is utilized to improve the bond between the thermoplastic film and the dielectric layer. The bonding layer comprises one of the metals in groups IV, V, or VII of the periodic system or an oxide of these metals.

Abstract: Conductive paste for via connection of a multilayer ceramic substrate, comprising: an inorganic component which consists of 30.0 to 70.0% by weight of powder of conductive material and the remainder being one of glass powder having a softening point higher than a starting point of sintering of insulating material and crystalline glass ceramic powder having a glass transition point higher than the starting point of sintering of the insulating material; and an organics vehicle component which consists of at least organic binder and solvent.

Abstract: A novel structure has, on a substrate a nonlinear optical thin film having a high .chi..sup.(3) value provided wherein metal fine particles are uniformly dispersed in a ferroelectric or highly dielectric matrix and heat treated whereby the metal fine particles and matrix are improved in crystallinity. The excitation wavelength can be substantially changed by a choice of the heat treating conditions. The crystallinity of the metal fine particles and matrix and .chi..sup.(3) value are improved by selecting a proper substrate or changing the heat treating procedure and conditions. The thin film is further improved in nonlinear optical properties, typically .chi..sup.(3) and .chi..sup.(3) /.alpha. values by using a perovskite type compound ABO.sub.3 having a specific A/B ratio as the matrix material and controlling film deposition conditions for improving the crystallinity of the matrix.

Abstract: A method of producing a dielectric ceramic composition is disclosed which includes the steps of: preparing a main ceramic composition comprising BaO, TiO.sub.2 and RE.sub.2 O.sub.3 (where RE represents at least one rare earth metal) as major components; calcining a mixture of starting materials which give the main ceramic composition, at a temperature of 1050.degree. C. or higher, to provide a calcined mixture; finely pulverizing the calcined mixture to provide a calcined ceramic powder having an average grain size of not larger than 0.8 .mu.m; and adding, as at least a part of a secondary component, a B.sub.2 O.sub.3 powder or a glass powder containing B.sub.2 O.sub.3, to the main ceramic composition. Also disclosed are a dielectric resonator and dielectric filter using such a dielectric ceramic composition as produced according to the above method, and a method of producing such a dielectric resonator or filter.

Abstract: A novel nonlinear optical thin film having a high .chi..sup.(3) value is provided wherein metal fine particles are uniformly dispersed in a ferroelectric or highly dielectric matrix and heat treated whereby the metal fine particles and matrix are improved in crystallinity. The excitation wavelength can be substantially changed by a choice of the heat treating conditions.The crystallinity of the metal fine particles and matrix and .chi..sup.(3) value are improved by selecting a substrate used or changing the heat treating procedure and heat treating conditions. By forming a portion having a lower content of metal fine particles in a surface portion on an upper and/or lower side of the matrix, the excitation wavelength can be substantially changed and precisely adjusted.

Abstract: Thin film devices including a film of a functional organic material, inorganic material or mixtures which are either insoluble or sparingly soluble in water, and deposited by electroplating. Particles of the functional material are dispersed in a micelle solution of a surfactant which is oxidizable and reducible by electrolysis in a colloidal state. Thin film devices prepared include color filters, optical recording media, electrochemical photoreceptors, nonlinear switching elements, and other devices requiring thin films of materials which are substantially insoluble in water.

Abstract: An electrochromic window comprises a tungsten oxide electrode on a transparent conductive glass sheet and a nickel oxide counterelectrode. The counterelectrode is activated by electrochemical intercalation of lithium on a transparent conductive glass sheet. The window also comprises a solid polymeric electrolyte interposed between the electrode and the counterelectrode. The electrolyte is formed by a solid solution of an ionic lithium compound in a solid crosslinked polyepoxide. The polyepoxide is obtained by copolymerization of a monoepoxide with a diepoxide.

Abstract: A window which is transparent to visible light and/or infrared radiation but which absorbs radio frequency energy. The window has a at least two layers of dielectric material separated by a conductor and backed with another conductor. Each layer of the window is selected to be transparent to visible light and/or infrared radiation. The window functions to absorb RF energy in a manner similar to a Jaumann absorber, with the exception that the backing conductor need not be a short circuit. The window is constructed of known window materials, such as glass and plastic, with the conductors being a gold film or indium-tin oxide.

Abstract: Glass frits are disclosed which are essentially free of lead and contain 0.05 to 15 mol-% sulfur and/or sulfides, preferably zinc sulfide. A process is disclosed for producing a glass frit by melting a mixture of oxides and/or non-oxide compounds (fluorides, carbonates) at temperatures of 1,000.degree. to 1,300.degree. C., followed by sudden cooling, characterized in that the glass frit contains between 0.05 and 15 mol-% sulfur, zinc sulfide or other sulfides. The glass frits can be used in enamel barrier layers for stopping the migration of silver.

Abstract: A recording medium and method of performing recording/reproducing on the recording medium. The recording medium includes a multi-layer structure wherein at least two kinds of atomic layers are alternately laminated on a support. The elements of the atomic layers are selected so that they have secondary electron emission characteristics, such as secondary electron emission efficiency or secondary electron energy spectrums different from each other and do not form any alloy with each other, or so that a reacted mixture between the at least two kinds of atomic layers has secondary electron characteristics different from the atomic layers. The recording is performed by irradiating the surface of the recording medium with a recording beam selected from an electron beam, a charged particle beam, and a neutral particle beam to expose the next lower different kind of atomic layer of forma mixture.

Abstract: In an automotive window glass having a pair transparent sheet glasses that are stuck to each other with a transparent resin film, the inner surface of one of the pair of sheet glasses, which faces the transparent resin film, is coated with a heat-ray intercepting film that is composed of any one of the following chemical formulas whose atomic ratios are defined.(A) ZrN.sub.x O.sub.y : 0.5.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.8, and 0.8.ltoreq.x+y.ltoreq.1.2(B) TiN.sub.x O.sub.y : 0.2.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.8, and 1.4.ltoreq.x+y.ltoreq.1.8(C) CrN.sub.x O.sub.y : 0.1.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.8, and 1.4.ltoreq.x+y.ltoreq.1.

Abstract: Novel gold(I) mercaptocarboxylic acid esters of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which X is a C.sub.1 - to C.sub.3 alkylene group and Z is a group from the series tricyclo(5,2,1,0.sup.2.6)decane-8- or -9-yl or tricyclo (5,2,1,0.sup.2.6)decyl-3- or -4-methyl. These esters can be prepared from mercaptocarboxylic acid esters of the formula (II) ##STR2## and from a gold(I) chloride-dialkylsulfide complex. The novel esters can be used in gold preparations for gilding solid bases, especially ceramic materials. Compared to known gold(I) mercaptocarboxylic acid esters, the novel esters result in considerably shorter drying times for gold preparations.

Abstract: Metallic silver is deposited upon the surface of a nonconducting substrate using a multi-step wet deposition process. The surface is cleaned, and then activated in an aqueous solution containing stannous tin. The silver is deposited as a colloidal material from an aqueous solution of a silver-containing salt, a reduction agent that reduces the salt to form the metallic silver, and a deposition control agent that prevents the silver from nucleating throughout the solution. After the substrate is coated, the coating is stabilized in an aqueous solution of a salt of a metal from the platinum group of gold, dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid. The process is particularly effective for depositing uniform films of 2 to 2000 Angstroms thickness, which strongly adhere to the substrate.

Abstract: Structures composed at least partially of an organic substrate may be protected from oxidation by applying a catalyst onto said substrate for promoting the combination of atomic oxygen to molecular oxygen. The structure may also be protected by applying both a catalyst and an atomic oxygen shielding layer onto the substrate. The structures to be protected include spacecraft surfaces.

Abstract: High-performance heat-reflective films having a metallic silver layer bounded by two dielectric layers are disclosed. The thickness of the layers is selected to insure high levels of heat rejection but relatively high levels of light transmission together with a substantial level of color neutrality.

Abstract: An inorganic thin film polarizer having polarization characteristics comprises: a matrix for thin film polarizer composed of fine columns thereof arranged on a substrate; and light absorbing portions provided on the columns. The columns are made of inorganic substance which is transparent in the desired wavelength region of light such as the visible light region, ultraviolet region and infrared region, and each column has a substantially circular cross section. The columns are tilted at a constant angle with respect to a surface normal of the substrate and has anisotropy in density. The light absorbing portions have a light extinction coefficient larger than that of the columns at the desired wavelength region of light. The columns are arranged at a spacing of from 0.2 to 20 times the diameter of the column.

Abstract: This invention offers a unique method to fabricate unique, straight, curved, or coiled tubes as small as 1 micron (0.000004 inches) in diameter with wall thicknesses starting at less than 0.01 microns. These tubes can be made from many of the materials that can be applied to a surface of carbon, glass, or other tube forming fibers and then made to withstand the environment used to remove the fiber. A monolithic piece can be formed where the tubes are channels or holes.

Abstract: A glass composition and method of preparation utilizes a mixture consisting of phosphorus oxide within the range of about 40 to 49 molar percent, lead oxide within the range of about 10 to 25 molar percent, iron oxide within the range of about 10 to 17 molar percent and an alkali oxide within the range of about 23 to 30 molar percent. The glass resulting from the melting and subsequent solidifying of the mixture possesses a high degree of durability and a coefficient of thermal expansion as high as that of any of a number of metals. Such features render this glass highly desirable in glass-to-metal seal applications.

Abstract: A reflective article such as a mirror or an energy-screening transparent panel comprises a reflective metal coating deposited on a glass substrate. The metal coating comprises a reflective layer of silver and has been treated with a solution containing ions of at least one of the group consisting of: Cr(II); V(II or III); Ti(III or II); Fe(II); In(I or II); Cu(I); and Al(III). Such a treatment affords protection of the reflective coating against corrosion.

Abstract: An attachment for a video screen of a cathode ray tube of a monitor or TV receiver is constituted by a glass pane having on a front side, facing away from the video screen, a multilayer anti-reflective coating. If necessary, the glass pane on a rear side, facing towards the video screen, may incorporate an absorptive coating. The anti-reflective coating is limited to two active dereflective layers. One of said two layers is a metal layer of gold or a metal alloy with a gold content of more than 50% and with a thickness of 4 to 10 nm. The second active dereflective layer is of dielectric material with a refractive power of n<1.8 and constituting an interference layer which faces away from the glass pane and which is essentially absorption-free and forms an anti-reflective layer for the visible region of the spectrum.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heat ray (infrared) reflecting glass structure of the type composed of two sheets of transparent plate glass substrates with same size, wherein a metal or metallic oxide heat ray reflecting material coating layer with desired color is coated on the inner surface of the outdoor-facing plate glass substrate, and a black or gray printing ink coating layer having orderly intercrossing stripes or net configuration composed of circle or hexagon patterns is further coated or printed on said metal or metallic oxide coating layer; then said outdoor-facing plate glass substrate and the other plate glass substrate are laminated with an intermediate adhesive layer to become a laminate structure which renders most sunlight reflected and only a portion of it will pass through the crevices without reflecting material and printing ink coating into indoor and is characterized in high heat insulation, high luminosity, no duplicated virtual image or no distorted static image.

Abstract: An electrically heatable laminated glazing system is disclosed comprising two single glass panes (1,4) bonded together by a thermoplastic film of polyvinyl butyral (3). One of these two panes (1) bears a layered construction (2). The layered construction comprises a conducting silver layer (22), an anti-reflective cover layer (23) of zinc oxide disposed on the silver layer (22), and a bonding layer (24) utilized to improve a bond between the polyvinyl butyral film (3) and the anti-reflective covering layer (23). The bonding layer comprises one of the metals in groups IV, V, or VII of the periodic system or an oxide of these metals.

Abstract: A process for coating a non-conductive substrate, such as glass, ceramic or plastic, which comprises applying to the surface of the substrate a coating of a silylated polyamine-noble metal (SPNM) complex and then optionally bringing the coated substrate so obtained into contact with a solution containing a metal salt, such as a salt of nickel, cobalt or copper, to obtain plating of metal from the latter solution onto the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An electrically resistive film of the type used for forming thick film resistors is formed predominantly of palladium and includes an addition of boron nitride to increase resistance, preferably in combination with tantalum oxide. A paste of palladium powder and boron nitride powder dispersed in a vaporizable vehicle is applied to a substrate and sintered to form the film. In a preferred embodiment, the substrate is a ceramic powder compact that is concurrently sintered in a co-firing process.

Abstract: A reflective article includes a glass substrate and a reflective metal coating deposited on the glass substrate including a reflective layer of silver and having a surface stratum which has a population of tin atoms which is augmented as compared with the population of tin atoms (if any) in an underlying subsurface stratum by at least one tin atom per hundred metal atoms thereby conferring on the reflective metal coating an enhanced resistance to corrosion. The reflective layer of silver is treated with an acidified aqueous solution of a stannous salt, which solution is free from opalescence, thereby to augment tin atom population in a surface stratum of the reflective metal coating.

Abstract: A glazing unit comprises a substrate ply and a laminating ply laminated to a surface of the substrate ply. A coating on a laminated surface of the substrate ply is a film stack comprising a film of electrically conductive material covered by a film of dielectric material. The film of dielectric material immediately adjacent the laminating ply comprises a layer of silicon dioxide immediately adjacent the laminating ply and a layer of dielectric material of refractive index greater than 1.5 between the silicon dioxide and the conductive material. Applications include, for example, glazing units for solar load reduction and electrically heated glazing units.

Abstract: Low temperature sealing glass compositions comprising 35 to 80% by weight TeO.sub.2, 15 to 50% V.sub.2 O.sub.5 and 0.1 to 20% Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, ZrO.sub.2 and/or ZnO.

Abstract: A continuous thin film metal coated ceramic substrate is provided by employing intimate mixtures of transition element metal and element different from the transition element metal which is from the same group of the Periodic Table as the metallic or semimetallic atom of the ceramic of the substrate.

Abstract: A glazing for motor vehicles is provided with at least one zone, in particular in the form of a filtering band attenuating the light radiation and the heat radiation in the upper area of the glazing. The filtering band is made with a transparent coating of a bakable enamel, which contains at least one nobel metal present in colloidal dispersion. The coating has a constant layer thickness, is applied by silk-screening and exhibits a geometrically exact screening on its entire surface. The degree of coverage of the screen is 85-95% in the area close to the edge.

Abstract: A composition capable of being applied as a film and hardening to form a protective layer on the back of a mirror comprises a fluid organic resin and a corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of dicyandiamide and metal or acid salt thereof. The organic resin may be any thermoplastic or thermosetting resin suitable for coating the reflective and other metallic layers of the mirror. Exemplary resins include alkyd resins, acrylic resins, modified alkyd resins, polyesters, urethane oils, vinyl halide polymers or copolymers, oleoresinous varnishes, nitrocellulose compositions, phenol-formaldehyde resin varnishes, and epoxy resins. Preferably, the resin is an alkyd or modified alkyd resin. The dicyandiamide or metal or acid salt or dicyandiamide may be present in an amount from about 0.1 to 20 weight percent, preferably 0.5 to 10 weight percent, of the organic resin coating system. The resin system should be essentially free of lead and lead salts.

Abstract: An electromagnetic shielding panel incorporates at least two electroconductive coatings. In two of the panels the coatings are carried on separate sheets of float glass one of the coatings being an anti-abrasive coating is on the outermost surface of the glass in the panel arrangement while the other coating being a relatively soft abrasive-sensitive coating, e.g. silver, is on the innermost of the glass in the panel arrangements. In other panel arrangements the two coatings are located on opposing sides of one glass sheet and in two of the panels a plain sheet of float glass is employed to protect the soft silver coating. In another panel a sheet of glass carrying an anti-abrasive coating is employed. The panels are of the double glazed and the laminated type.

Abstract: A laminating material for safety glass is disclosed wherein said material comprises a substrate of a polyester film satisfying the following conditions (1) to (4), on one side of which a heat ray shielding layer consisiting of a metal and/or a metallic compound:R.gtoreq.8000 (1)H.ltoreq.5 (2).alpha..sub.MD +.alpha..sub.TD .ltoreq.10 (3)F.sub.B .gtoreq.8 (4)wherein R stands for retardation (nm), H stands for film haze (%), .alpha..sub.MD and .alpha..sub.TD respectively stand for shrinkage of the film in the longitudinal (machine) direction and in the direction perpendicular to said direction and F.sub.B stands for the strength at break point (kg/mm.sup.2) in the longitudinal direction. The laminating material of the present invention does not generate interference fringes by polarized light, is excellent in transparency, heat resistance and strength and, therefore, suitable for heat ray reflection safety glass.

Abstract: A lead-free composition capable of being applied as a film and hardening to form a protective layer on the back of a mirror comprises a fluid organic resin and a corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of dicyanadiamide, metal or acid salts of dicyandiamide, hydrogen cyanamide, and 2-cyanoacetamide. The organic resin may be any thermoplastic or thermosetting resin suitable for coating the reflective and other metallic layers of the mirror. Exemplary resins include alkyd resins, acrylic resins, modified alkyd resins, polyesters, urethane oils, vinyl halide polymers or copolymers, oleoresinous varnishes, nitrocellulose compositions, phenol-formaldehyde resin varnishes, and epoxy resins. Preferably, the resin is an alkyd or modified alkyd resin. The aforementioned corrosion inhibitor may be present in an amount from about 0.1 to 20 weight percent, preferably 0.5 to 10 weight percent, of the organic resin coating system. The resin system should be essentially free of lead and lead salts.

Abstract: The invention concerns an electromagnetic shielding panel for attenuating electromagnetic radiation typically in the frequency range 20 MHz to 10,000 MHz. In one embodiment of the invention, the panel comprises a laminate of two panes of glass one of which includes an electroconductive coating sandwiched between the two sheets of glass is a plastics interlayer (i) into which is embedded four strips of fine electroconductive mesh which lie along the edge of the laminate and which are in electrical contact with the coating. In another embodiment of the invention, the coated glass includes peripheral bus bars which are in electrical contact with the coating. The mesh and bus bars are arranged to make electrical contact with a metal frame which may be earthed. Alternatively, no direct mechanical contact is made between the frame and the coating and a capacitive coupling (cc) suffices.

Abstract: A plated ceramic or glass substrate having a plated surface, wherein an undercoat is formed between the surface of the substrate and the plating film. The undercoat includes nitrogen and at least one of chromium and titanium as major components thereof.

Abstract: A multilayer wiring substrate which includes a glass ceramic section, a wiring layer section having a plurality of wiring layers electrically insulated from each other by a polyimide material, and an intermediate layer made of an inorganic material and arranged between the ceramic section and the wiring layer section.

Abstract: A glazing unit comprises a substrate ply and a laminating ply laminated to a surface of the substrate ply. A coating on a laminated surface of the substrate ply is a film stack comprising a film of electrically conductive material covered by a film of dielectric material. The film of dielectric material immediately adjacent the laminating ply comprises a layer of silicon dioxide immediately adjacent the laminating ply and a layer of dielectric material of refractive index greater than 1.5 between the silicon dioxide and the conductive material. Applications include, for example, glazing units for solar load reduction and electrically heated glazing units.

Abstract: A glazing unit comprises a substrate ply and a laminating ply laminated to a surface of the substrate ply. A coating on the laminated surface of the substrate ply is a film stack comprising an electrically conductive film of silver metal covered by a tantalum pentoxide dielectric film immediately adjacent the laminating ply. Between the silver film and the tantalum pentoxide film is an adhesion film of metal selected from zinc and copper. Applications include, for example, glazing units for solar load reduction and electrically heated glazing units.

Abstract: A double glazing unit comprising an outer pane of body colored heat absorbing glass and an inner pane of annealed glass with a coating including a silver layer having a thickness in the range 15 nm to 40 nm on its face turned towards the outer pane.

Abstract: A new and improved bonded ceramic-metal article and the method of making the article is described. The ceramic-metal article comprises a ceramic article, such as a lanthana-strengthened yttria article, bonded to a metal article, such as niobium, by a layer of a brazing material to form a bonded ceramic-metal article. The method of bonding the ceramic article to the metal article comprises placing the brazing alloy, such as a brazing alloy consisting essentially of 63% by weight silver, 35.25% by weight copper, and 1.75% by weight titanium, between the lanthana-strengthened yttria article and the niobium article and heating the layered structure in vacuum at about 50 degrees centigrade above the liquidus temperature of the brazing alloy for a period of about 5 minutes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for metallizing a ceramic surface which consists essentially of 10.0 to 32.5% by weight of Mn, 45.0 to 67.5% by weight of W, up to 5.0% by weight of at least one member selected from Ti and Zr, and Ag and Ni in a total amount of 15.0 to 35.0% by weight, the amount of Ni being 5.0 to 20.0% by weight of the total amount of Ni and Ag. This composition is applied to the surface of a ceramic body in the form of a metal paste or metal powder and heat-fusion-bonded to the ceramic surface, or the composition is applied to the surface of a ceramic body by the gas-phase deposition method.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic substrate comprises plural conductive layers and insulation layer for insulating the plural conductive layers, and the insulation layer is made of an inorganic composition comprising at least one member selected from the group of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and ZrO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, PbO, and at least one member selected from the group of BaO, CaO and ZnO in predetermined range. The multilayer ceramic substrate can be sintered at low temperature in the air and is splendid in a heat resistance, a solderability and resistance value of the insulation layer and furthermore, a microcrack is not caused in a laser trimming of a top resistance film.

Abstract: An adherent gold film is deposited onto an oxide substrate by cleaning the xide surface so as to remove all contaminants and then vacuum depositing onto the clean oxide surface a gold film of up to 40 nm in thickness.