Abstract: A plated steel sheet and a connection terminal material using the plated steel sheet have low contact resistance and excellent corrosion resistance. The coated film, which has excellent adhesion, is formed by coating a stainless steel base sheet which is coated with a nickel-tin alloy with a solution/suspension of carbon black or graphite, carboxymethyl cellulose, and a water-borne organic resin which is acrylic resin, polyester resin, urethane resin, or phenol resin.

Abstract: A roll of flexible web having on its surface a plurality of reactive vinylsulfonyl groups fixed to the web via a linking group is favorably employable for manufacturing analytical elements to be used for analysis of biochemically active substances, for instance, analytical elements to which nucleotide derivatives or their analogues are attached.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laminate including a decorative layer, a first resin impregnated core layer, a radiation barrier layer and a second resin impregnated core layer. The laminate prevents the penetration of radiation therethrough and maybe used in the construction of ceiling and wall panels, flooring, furniture, fixtures, cabinet and door cladding, protective screens and other objects which will effectively prevent the passage of radiation from an isolated enclosure.

Abstract: The invention relates to the bonding of a phenolic resin impregnated core and a metal sheet into a high pressure laminate. A binding layer of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer is positioned between the core and the metal sheet to ensure bonding of the layers when a lay-up containing the desired layers is heated and pressed.

Abstract: A magnetically active laminate is disclosed. The magnetically active laminate is composed of a resin impregnated layer bonded to a distinct, magnetically active sheet. The laminate is especially well suited for use in the construction of erasable markerboards and cubicle panels, although many applications are possible within the scope of the present invention.

Abstract: To provide a retroreflective sheet which is suitable for co-molding by injection molding or the like, wherein the retroreflective sheet can be laid within a mold and molded with a resin to form a molded product, and, after molding, the sheet retains a significant portion of its reflection luminance and appearance as compared with the reflection luminance value before molding. A retroreflective sheet used for a co-molding, comprising a metallic reflective layer, a microspherical lens layer disposed as a single layer, and a transparent focal resin layer disposed between the reflective layer and the microspherical lens layer, in which the focal resin layer comprises a mixture of cellulose ester and polyvinyl butyral resin.

Abstract: In a single-sided paper phenolic resin copper-clad laminate composed of a phenolic resin impregnated paper base having copper foils laminated on and resists applied on the face side thereof, resists formed of the same material as the resists on the face side are applied also on the reverse side of the phenolic resin impregnated paper base, so that the face side and the reverse side match approximately with each other in thermal expansibility. The single-sided paper phenolic resin copper-clad laminate warps only slightly even when the peak temperature is raised to a degree suitable for lead-free solder in the reflow process for mounting electronic components.

Abstract: A laminated film comprises at least an aluminum layer and, superimposed on one side thereof by extrusion lamination, a linear low-density polyethylene layer, this linear low-density polyethylene layer prepared with the use of a metallocene olefin polymerization catalyst and having a density of 0.895 to 0.930 g/cm3 and an MFR (190° C.) of 0.1 to 100 g/10 min, wherein the linear low-density polyethylene layer at its surface exhibits an oxygen concentration of linear low-density polyethylene per se ranging from 1.0 to 1.4 atomic %. The laminated film which has an excellent balance of aluminum bond strength and heat sealing properties of linear low-density polyethylene layers and it can be provided at low cost. Further, a laminated film comprising at least the linear low-density polyethylene layer, the aluminum layer and a substrate layer arranged in this order can be provided at low cost by adding a layer or layers to the laminated film obtained by the extrusion lamination.

Abstract: Polyester composition comprising a polyester and 0.5 to 300 ppm, expressed as titanium atoms, of a compound oxide (A) containing titanium as an essential element and also containing a metal element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zirconium, germanium, tin and silicon, and 0.001 to 40 wt % of particles having an average particle size of 0.01 to 10 &mgr;m, and a production method, and a fiber or film composed of the polyester composition.

Abstract: A release liner which includes a metal layer with a release agent attached to a side of the metal layer. The release agent is exposed to releasably receive an article. The metal layer has a thickness sufficient to prevent a laser from penetrating through the metal layer as the article, attached to liner, is laser cut.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a laminated, web-shaped packaging material intended for packaging containers in which the longitudinal joint has improved gas-and liquid-tightness properties and is substantially planar. The laminated, web-shaped packaging material includes a core layer and a layer of metal or metal oxide applied on one side of the core layer, and is processed along the longitudinal edges of the web in such a manner that the metal layer is exposed from the core layer along one of the edges and the edges are then covered with outer layers of plastic.

Abstract: To provide a retroreflective sheet which is suitable for co-molding by injection molding or the like, wherein the retroreflective sheet can be laid within a mold and molded with a resin to form a molded product, and, after molding, the sheet retains a significant portion of its reflection luminance and appearance as compared with the reflection luminance value before molding.

Abstract: A container mouth (21) is sealed with an inner seal which comprises a reseal liner (9) fitted inside of a cap (23) and a seal cover (10) separably laminated to the reseal liner and remaining on the container mouth after the container (20) is uncapped. The seal cover comprises a metal foil (5), a glassine paper (7) layered on the underside of the metal foil, and a hot-melt adhesive layer (8) coated on the underside of the glassine paper by gravure roll coating process. A polyethlene film (6) is preferably layered between the metal foil and the glassine paper to provide a better peel-off strength therebetween. The glassine paper may be replaced with an easy-peelable plastic film, such as a PET (polyethlene terephthalate resin) film. The inner seal fitted in the cap is placed onto the container mouth, and then the cap is subjected to a high frequency of 20-600 KHz to melt the hot-melt adhesive layer, whereby the seal cover hermetically seals the container mouth.

Abstract: The present invention provides a paper-laminated metal sheet having a structure in which at least one sheet of paper is laminated on at least one side of a metal plate via a pressure sensitive adhesive agent or an adhesive agent layer, and a protective layer is formed on a top surface of the paper-laminated side. With this structure, the paper-laminated metal sheet can be processed without wetting the paper with water, while thereby preventing the paper from being torn. In addition, the aesthetic appearance derived from the paper is kept for a long period of time. Due to high strength and processability derived from the metal base material, and high aesthetic appearance unbelievable for a metal plate derived from the paper, the paper-laminated metal sheet is valuable in various applications as a novel material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for producing a product which exhibits (a) a low level of emissivity and (b) a high level of moisture vapor permeability, and which enables trapped excess moisture to be transported from the product to the surrounding atmosphere while maintaining its effective radiant barrier properties. The product is an underlying substrate, having a pair of outer major surfaces and a radiant barrier material adhered to at least one of the pair of outer major surfaces of the underlying substrate with an adhesive material to form a radiant barrier material covered substrate. A plurality of apertures are formed in the radiant barrier material covered substrate. These apertures extend substantially completely through both the radiant barrier material and the adhesive material thereby forming substantially completely open moisture vapor flow channels which create a high level of moisture vapor permeability through the radiant barrier material and the adhesive material.

Abstract: A composite sheet including a first polymer layer laminated to the first major surface of a ferromagnetic substrate having opposing first and second major surfaces. A second polymer layer is laminated to the second major surface of the substrate, sandwiching the substrate between the first and second polymer layers. The substrate is preferably steel having a thickness preferably between about 1 to 3 mils. A significant advantage of the composite sheet is the increase in the utility of the composite sheet due to the composite structure.

Abstract: A compound of formula I containing at least one ring nitrogen: or a pharmaceutically acceptable base or acid addition salt, prodrug, metabolite, optical isomer or stereoisomer thereof.

Abstract: To provide a retroreflective sheet which is suitable for co-molding by injection molding or the like, wherein the retroreflective sheet can be laid within a mold and molded with a resin to form a molded product, and, after molding, the sheet retains a significant portion of its reflection luminance and appearance as compared with the reflection luminance value before molding. A retroreflective sheet used for a co-molding, comprising a metallic reflective layer, a microspherical lens layer disposed as a single layer, and a transparent focal resin layer disposed between the reflective layer and the microspherical lens layer, in which the focal resin layer comprises a mixture of cellulose ester and polyvinyl butyral resin.

Abstract: Sheet materials according to the present invention comprise a sheet material substrate, such as for example a film or paper sheet, with a polymer base coating overlying and adhered to a surface of the sheet material substrate. The base coating comprises a radiation cured crosslinked polymer derived from at least one vapor deposited acrylate prepolymer composition having a molecular weight in the range of from about 150 to 600. A metal layer is deposited on and overlies a surface of the base coating, and a polymer top coating overlies and is adhered to a surface of the metal layer. The top coating comprises a radiation cured crosslinked polymer derived from a vapor deposited acrylate prepolymer composition having a molecular weight in the range of from about 150 to 600 and a ratio of its molecular weight to its number of acrylate groups (MW/Ac) in the range of from about 150 to 600.

Abstract: A fibrous core material is disposed between and bonded to metal skins to form a structural laminate having comparable strength to steel sheets of greater weight.

Abstract: A method for preventing tissue damage associated with graft-versus-host disease in a patient having undergone hematopoietic cell transplantation, and host-versus-graft disease in a patient having undergone organ allograft transplantation. The method includes orally administering to the patient a prophylactically effective amount of a topically active corticosteroid, such as beclomethasone dipropionate, for a period of time following hematopoietic cell or organ allograft transplantation, and prior to the presentation of symptoms associated with graft-versus-host disease or host-versus-graft disease. Representative tissues includes tissue of the intestine and liver, while representative tissue damage includes inflammation thereof.

Abstract: A container having walls made of a paper/plastic laminate having a cardboard core sandwiched between inner and outer face liners, wherein at least one of the face liners is comprised of a face liner laminate. The face liner laminate is composed of an exterior ply of oriented synthetic plastic film whose opposing surfaces are rendered wettable by corona-discharge treatment, and a base paper ply is cold-laminated to the film ply and adhered to the core of the board. The cardboard core may be a fluted medium of corrugated paper board, or it may be a planar stiff paper core. The invention is also directed to a structural member for use in making inexpensive furniture comprising a supporting member and a cardboard core laminated to a face liner laminate. The film ply of the laminate enhances the strength of the container or structural member and imparts water resistance thereto. Because the exposed surface of the film ply is printable, it may have decorative graphics or other printed matter applied thereto.

Abstract: The present invention comprises methods of contact printing of patterned, self-assembling monolayers of alkanethiolates, carboxylic acids, hydroxamic acids, and phosphonic acids on metallized thermoplastic films, the compositions produced thereby, and the use of these compositions. Patterned self-assembling monolayers allow for the controlled placement of fluids thereon which contain a chemically reactive, indicator functionality. The optical sensing devices produced thereby when the film is exposed to an analyte and light, can produce optical diffraction patterns which differ depending on the reaction of the self-assembling monolayer with the analyte of interest. The light can be in the visible spectrum, and be either reflected from the film, or transmitted through it, and the analyte can be any compound reacting with the fluid on the self-assembling monolayer. The present invention also provides a flexible support for a self-assembling monolayer on gold or another suitable metal.

Abstract: A thermally-decomposable, biodegradable resin composition is dispersed and stabilized in water optionally along with additives to give an aqueous dispersion of the resin composition. In the dispersion, the base polymer consists substantially of a water-insoluble starch-type, biodegradable resin. The dispersion is usable in various fields of papermaking, non-woven fabric production, film and sheet production and woven fabric production, in those of dispersed adhesive production, and in those of metal processing, plastic processing, wood processing and stone processing.

Abstract: A laminate and a coated web suitable for use as containers exhibiting a static decay of at least 90% in less than 2 seconds while measured at +/-5,000 volts, at 10% relative humidity and 24 hours conditioning is disclosed. The laminate and coated web comprise a paper substrate or a synthetic fiber substrate, a first coating on at least one surface of said paper substrate comprising synthetic hectorite clay and optionally a second coating comprising an organic or inorganic pigment applied over at least one of said coatings. These laminates are useful as antistatic coated paper containers.

Abstract: A structural panel comprises a metal and paper composite in which the metal outer skins have a minimum thickness of 0.005 in. exceeding foils and a maximum thickness of 0.012 in. while the paper core ranges between 0.01 in. and 0.05 in. The panel is a stiff, lightweight substitute for thicker metals and may replace light metal sheets such as aluminum with a composite in which the metal skins comprise sheets from heavier metals such as steel. The paper core is a web which is adhesively bonded to the metal skins and which may have openings to create paths for adhesive bridges between the metal skins to minimize failure caused by buckling.

Abstract: There is disclosed a resin-coated overlay for bonding to solid substrates, and which imparts improved waterproofing and chemical resistance to the resulting resin-coated overlaid solid substrate. Depending upon the desired end use of resin-coated overlaid solid substrate, the resin-coating may be modified to impart desirable surface features and/or characteristics. For example, additives such as waxes, oils, silicones, fluorocarbons and fatty acid compounds may be used to promote the release of concrete from forms made of solid substrates overlaid with the resin-coated overlays of the present invention. Moreover, resin-coated overlaid solid substrates may be produced having a surface which is suitable for painting and which accepts application of various tape products. Other modifications are disclosed which can be used to gain desirable cure speed, cost, and chemical/mechanical properties in the resin-coating.

Abstract: A novel wrapping element comprising at least two layers in intimate contact is described. This element has a sealing layer which is applied to the element to be wrapped and a forming layer which is holographically enhanced on the outside. The holographic enhancement adds interest and beauty to the element to be wrapped which may include flower and floral arrangements, flower pots, and gifts, among others. Since the sealing layer will hold in any moisture or other material which may leak therefrom and since the forming layer permits the forming of the wrapping element about the element to be wrapped, there is great utility within this use.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive sparkless switching device includes a layer of piezoresistive cellular polymer foam, at least two conductive layers, and an insulative spacer element having at least one opening. When pressure is applied to the device the piezoresistive foam disposes itself through the opening of the spacer element and makes electrical contact between the conductive layers. The resistance of the piezoresistive foam varies with the amount of pressure applied to provide an analog as well as on-off function. The device may also provide multiple switching, and shear detection capabilities.

Abstract: A holographic image that has been transferred from a conventional polymeric support to a board stock element is described in this invention. A host of images may be envisioned and since this image, on a board stock element, may then be wound up in a roll, it can be used in the manufacture of boxes, containers and the like. The board stock element containing the holographic image may also be used in sheets for advertisements and the like. This element and process permits the wide spread use of such holographic images, such use not being available until now.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a material from a greaseproof paper used as support. At least one face of the support is coated with water or at least one aqueous solution. The support thus becomes a pliable support, The surface of the pliable support is treated by depositing one or more pigmented layers on the surface. This treatment improves the qualities of metallization or of printing or of both of the paper, relative to uncoated greaseproof paper. The pliable support thus becomes a pliable coated support. The pliable coated support is then calendared.

Abstract: The present invention relates to easy-open hermetically sealed single serving packages. The present invention relates in particular to a multi-layer film that is particularly adapted for use in individually sealed packages where increased storage life of the packaged product is desired. The present invention is also useful in packaging multiple individual servings together in a single overall package, so that when the overall package is opened, the individual servings are protected from oxygen and moisture. More particularly, this invention is concerned with a novel film used for packaging individual sticks of chewing gum so that the freshness of each individual stick of chewing gum or the like is retained for extended periods of time after the overwrap packaging has been opened.

Abstract: A holographic article and method for forming permits the party producing the final document to print the holographic image directly on the final document thereby permitting such party to retain and maintain control of its own embossing shim on which the hologram has been formed and which is utilized for embossing the holographic image on the document. A film upon which a holographic image can be directly stamped upon the final document includes a layer of metal having a thickness in the range of 20 millimicrons to 100 millimicrons, a lacquer coating having a thickness in the range of 0.5 microns to 3 microns and a heat activatible adhesive. The metal layer lacquer coating and heat activatible adhesive are caused to be adhered to the substrate forming the final document during a stamping operation which releases said metal layer, lacquer coating and heat activatible adhesive from a plastic carrier film to which had initially been applied.

Abstract: A homogeneous composition for forming on firing a film of precious metal, which is one or more of platinum, palladium, gold and silver, on a substrate, for instance to decorate table ware, comprises polymeric resin and a solution, in water and a co-solvent, of thiolate of the precious metal, the composition containing 3-22% by weight of the precious metal as the thiolate, and the co-solvent, resin and thiolate being such that as the composition on a substrate dries and is progressively heated in firing, the water evaporates off to leave a homogeneous composition of the resin and thiolate in the co-solvent, then the co-solvent evaporates off to leave a homogeneous composition of the thiolate in the resin, and then the thiolate decomposes to the precious metal while the resin volatilize.

Abstract: Two sided electric paper that can be written onto on both sides by having a layer of conductive material between two sheets of electric paper. The electric paper is made of small balls encased in a liquid so that they are free to rotate, and then suspended in a solid substrate. Each ball has two hemispheres, one white and one black, each hemisphere also having a different electrical quality. Thus, in an electric field, the balls can be made to rotate to create an image of black and white areas. The intermediate conductor electrically isolates each sheet of electric paper so that both sides can be written onto at the same time.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions which comprise an emulsion polymer which is stable with respect to polyvalent zirconium ions, and a water-soluble zirconium compound, prevent the penetration of constituents from substrates which show a tendency to bleeding, and the dispersions are therefore suitable as a primer, especially for woods.

Abstract: A plastic foil for hot leaf stamping includes a layer of metal having a thickness in the range of 20 millimicrons to 100 millimicrons, a lacquer coating having a thickness in the range of 0.5 microns to 3 microns and a heat activatible adhesive. The metal layer lacquer coating and heat activatible adhesive are caused to be adhered to the substrate forming the final article during a stamping operation which releases said metal layer, lacquer coating and heat activatible adhesive from a plastic carrier film to which had initially been applied. Methods for forming such foil and for forming a decoration image on a substrate using such foil are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is an elastic metallized film composed of an elastic film and a metallic coating substantially covering at least a portion of at least one side of the film. The elastic film may be formed from a thermoset elastic material, a thermoplastic elastic material or a naturally occurring polymeric elastic material. The film may also be microporous and/or micropertured. The elastic metallized film has a metallic coating with an thickness ranging from about 1 nanometer to about 5 microns and which remains on the film when the film is stretched at least about 25 percent. The elastic metallized film may be joined with other materials to form multi-layer materials. Also disclosed is a process of making an elastic metallized film.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a laminate to a core having a profiled edge, comprising a frame for supporting the core and laminate, a resilient sheet, and means mounted to the frame for placing the sheet in tension and moving the sheet between a position out of contact with the laminate to a tensioned position in contact with the laminate, whereby further movement of the sheet applies a force to the laminate to form the laminate to the edge of the core.

Abstract: A process for producing metalized packaging films comprises the step of sputtering a metal, such as aluminum, gold, silver, copper, platinum, nickel, titanium or tantalum onto a biodegradable poly(hydroxy acid), preferably poly(lactic acid) film, which may then be adhered to a cellulosic substrate if desired.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to extrudable sealants which are particularly well suited for bonding a metal based, lidding material to a polystyrene container. The most preferred sealant compositions of the present invention preferably contain an acid copolymer, a tackifier and a polyolefin.

Abstract: A wood veneer laminated gypsum board comprises a gypsum core and lamination f a paper or a paper-like outer layer on both sides, an aluminum backed wood veneer bonded to the paper outer layer, and debossed designs on the wood veneer which penetrates beyond the surface of the gypsum board. The wood veneer laminated gypsum board is formed by spraying or applying a mixture of adhesive diluted with liquid softening agent, which may include water or water mixed with other materials, on the aluminum side of the aluminum-backed wood veneer. The paper or paper-like outer covering is lightly sprayed or coated with the softening agent. The coated aluminum backed wood veneer is placed on the lightly coated the gypsum board. The wood veneer is moistened with water. The wood veneer and the gypsum board is pressed with application of heat for a predetermined period.

Abstract: A composite molded article is formed by forming a composite wood overlay surface material by laminating a wood veneer on a front side of a base sheet selected from one of a metal sheet and a resin sheet; laminating a back sheet selected from one of a porous material and a fibrous material on a back side of said base sheet; coating said wood veneer incorporated in said composite wood overlay surface material; placing said composite wood overlay surface material in a mold; and injecting a resin onto said back sheet incorporated in said composite wood overlay surface material. Thus, the composite molded article has an excellent appearance of coating on the surface of the article.

Abstract: An un-coated paper-making sludge substrate for metallizing, the substrate containing: 1) from about 40 to about 94 percent, by weight, low-average fiber length pulp, and 2) from about 6 to about 60 percent, by weight, ash generating materials, such that the paper-making sludge substrate is adapted, upon depositing a metallic coating onto a surface of the substrate, to provide a metallized paper with at least one surface having a gloss of at least about 19. Also disclosed is a metallized paper composed of: 1) a paper-making sludge substrate having a first surface and second surface, the paper-making sludge substrate containing from about 40 to about 94 percent, by weight, low-average fiber length pulp, and from about 6 to about 60 percent, by weight, ash generating materials, the paper-making sludge substrate being free of base coatings; and 2) a metallic coating on at least one surface of the substrate, so that at least one surface of the metallized paper has a gloss of at least about 19.

Abstract: This high-voltage installation has a metallic enclosure (1) which is filled with insulating gas and surrounds voltage-carrying active parts. In addition, it has at least one at least partial protective coating (7, 9, 10) either on the internal surface of the enclosure (1) or on the external surface over the active parts, or at least one at least partial protective coating (7, 9, 10) both on the internal surface of the enclosure (1) and on the external surface of the active parts.It is intended to provide a high-voltage installation in which free electrons are also reliably removed from the insulating gaps and in which partial discharges generated by free particles are reduced to noncritical values of intensity. This is achieved in that the at least one protective coating (7, 9, 10) is doped with at least one fullerene which absorbs free electrons. Protective coatings which have a surface of vapor-deposited fullerene are also particularly suitable.

Abstract: A charge roll for electrophotography wherein surface of the roll is formed from a resin layer containing BaSO.sub.4 particles coated with SnO.sub.2-x (wherein 0.ltoreq.X.ltoreq.1) is disclosed. The charge roll may comprise a roll shaft, an electroconductive elastic layer and the surface resin layer. The charge roll may further comprise an intermediate layer formed between the electroconductive elastic layer and the surface resin layer.

Abstract: A laminated material for packaging containers comprising polyvinyl alcohol or other water-soluble, thermoplastic resin layers disposed on both sides of a paperboard base material layer and other thermoplastic synthetic resin layers laminated thereon. An aluminum foil layer 5 may be provided over a polyolefin adhesive resin layer. The paper pulp can be readily separated from the polyethylene and other thermoplastic synthetic resins during the recycling process.

Abstract: A label for use as a price tag on products has a printable recording medium which can be attached by adhesive to a carrier foil. The adhesive attachment can be provided by means of a laminated material having an adhesive action. To create a label which, by means of its adhesive layer, properly adheres to the product to be labelled, and which, after removal from the product, leaves behind no adhesive residue, the laminated material can be made to have an intermediate layer coated on both sides with adhesive, and which intermediate layer is configured to exert a stronger adhesive force on adhesive than the products to be labelled will exert on the adhesive. Further, the adhesive deposited on the side of the intermediate layer facing the carrier foil preferably has a lower adhesive strength than the adhesive deposited on the side of the intermediate layer facing the recording medium.

Abstract: A laminated sheet allows circuit boards to be fabricated without any special equipment. The laminated sheet can be printed using an ordinary laser printer on a personal computer. The sheet has a conductive layer, such as copper, attached to a nonconductive flexible substrate, such as Kapton. The outer surface of the copper is coated with an ink which provides a receiving surface for toner when the laminated sheet is fed through a printer. The other side of the flexible substrate is attached to a removable layer of paper which provides support for the laminated sheet during the printing process. The paper is removed after printing and the adhesive which held the paper is used to attach the flexible substrate to a rigid substrate. Alcohol is used to remove the ink and expose the copper for etching. The alcohol does not remove the toner which acts as a mask during the etching process. The toner is removed after board fabrication.

Abstract: A holographic article and method for forming permits the party producing the final document to print the holographic image directly on the final document thereby permitting such party to retain and maintain control of its own embossing shim on which the hologram has been formed and which is utilized for embossing the holographic image on the document. A film upon which a holographic image can be directly stamped upon the final document includes a layer of metal having a thickness in the range of 20 millimicrons to 100 millimicrons, a lacquer coating having a thickness in the range of 0.5 microns to 3 microns and a heat activatible adhesive. The metal layer lacquer coating and heat activatible adhesive are caused to be adhered to the substrate forming the final document during a stamping operation which releases said metal layer, lacquer coating and heat activatible adhesive from a plastic carrier film to which had initially been applied.