Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a surface-treated steel sheet which has highly balanced corrosion resistance and formability, and satisfies fundamental properties required mainly for steel sheets for automobile body, and a manufacturing method thereof. The surface-treated steel sheet of the invention is excellent in corrosion resistance and formability, comprising an amorphous inorganic film containing at least 5% magnesium and having a weight within a range of from 0.1 to 2.0 g/m2, formed on the surface of a zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet; wherein the inorganic film is soluble in an acidic solution and hardly soluble in a neutral or alkaline solution, and a manufacturing method thereof is provided. A zinc phosphate film may be provided between the galvanized steel sheet and the amorphous inorganic film.

Abstract: An external component of an endoscope includes an aluminum alloy base member whose surface is subjected to anodic oxidation, and thereafter, is subjected to an electrolytic deposition thereon.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a metallic fiber in which from a convergent extended wire, which is formed by a metallic fiber and a matrix member which is formed of a metallic material and whose dissolvability is higher than the dissolvability of the metallic fiber, the matrix member is continuously dissolved and removed by an electrolytic processing in a plurality of electrolytic tanks which are arranged in the conveying direction of the convergent extended wire, wherein: the convergent extended wire is passed through electrolytes in the plurality of electrolytic tanks, which are arranged in the shape of a gentle convex arch at the vertical direction upper side which includes the conveying passage of the convergent extended wire, the convergent extended wire is passed above a plurality of feeding devices which are provided at the outer sides of the electrolytes and which are disposed in the same arch-shape so as to correspond to the electrolytic tanks, in each of the plurality of electrolytic tanks, the metallic

Abstract: An array of nanowires having a relatively constant diameter and techniques and apparatus for fabrication thereof are described. In one embodiment, a technique for melting a material under vacuum and followed by pressure injection of the molten material into the pores of a porous substrate produces continuous nanowires. In another embodiment, a technique to systematically change the channel diameter and channel packing density of an anodic alumina substrate includes the steps of anodizing an aluminum substrate with an electrolyte to provide an anodic aluminum oxide film having a pore with a wall surface composition which is different than aluminum oxide and etching the pore wall surface with an acid to affect at least one of the surface properties of the pore wall and the pore wall composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aluminum material to which a surface treatment is performed, and has as its objective the provision of a surface-treated aluminum material that has excellent adhesive properties with organic resin film. The present invention further aims to provide a method for producing the aforementioned. In the present invention's surface-treated aluminum material, a non-porous anodic oxide film is formed to the surface of the aluminum or aluminum alloy. This non-porous anodic oxide film has a thickness in the range of 5˜800 nm, a porosity of 20% or less, and contains in an amount of 50 ppm or more at least one of silicon, phosphorous, boron or carbon as a component. As a result of this structure, the adhesive properties between organic resin film and non-porous anodic oxide film can be increased.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a solid electrolytic capacitor with excellent electrostatic capacitance and reduced dispersion of capabilities by treating the surface of a chemically formed aluminum film to form a dielectric film which is in contact an electrically conducting substance provided thereon with sufficiently high adhesion. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the solid electrolytic capacitor, which includes providing an organic electrically conducting polymer as a solid electrolyte on a chemically formed aluminum substrate having thereon an aluminum oxide dielectric film, where a chemically formed aluminum substrate, which was cut into a predetermined shape, is treated with an aqueous acid solution to dissolve a part of the dielectric film on the substrate surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a support for a lithographic printing plate prepared by cold rolling a sheet while intermediate annealing is omitted to save energy and the number of the cold rolling steps are decreased to simplify the sheet production steps and to give a desired strength of the sheet, and by inhibiting precipitation of Si particles in the substrate to give extremely excellent resistance to ink staining in the nonimage areas during printing, and a process for producing a substrate therefore. The production process comprises homogenization heat-treating an aluminum alloy slab comprising 0.10 to 0.40 wt % of Fe, 0.03 to 0.15 wt % of Si, 0.004 to 0.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant article of a magnesium material having the gloss of the metal substrate surface comprises an anodic oxide film formed on the external surface of an article of magnesium or a magnesium alloy, which never changes the gloss of the metal substrate and a colorless or colored transparent electrodeposition coating film on the anodic film. Such an article can be prepared by immersing an article of magnesium or a magnesium alloy in an electrolyte containing a phosphate and an aluminate to thus form an anodic oxide film through anodization of the surface of the article and forming a colorless or colored transparent electrodeposition coating film on the anodic film through electrodeposition coating.

Abstract: An article includes a substrate formed of a superalloy, a silicon-based ceramic material and a thermally stable silicon diffusion barrier layer. The thermally stable diffusion barrier layer is intermediate to the substrate and ceramic material and prevents diffusion of silicon or carbon into the substrate. The diffusion barrier coating is any coating that is thermally stable and that prevents diffusion of silicon or carbon across a ceramic material:superalloy interface. In a method of forming an article, a superalloy substrate is formed, a thermally stable diffusion barrier layer is applied onto the substrate and a silicon-based ceramic material is supported by the barrier layer coated substrate. The diffusion barrier layer substantially prevents diffusion of silicon from the ceramic material into the superalloy substrate.

Abstract: An amorphous carbon film, preferably disposed on and substantially filling the pores in a porous anodized aluminum outer surface, wherein the amorphous carbon film comprises as an integral component an effective amount of a lubricity-increasing agent, preferably sulfur.

Abstract: A rare earth metal-based permanent magnet has a metal oxide film formed on the surface thereof by a sol-gel coating process. The rare earth metal-based permanent magnet is produced by forming a metal oxide film on the surface thereof by a sol-gel coating process. The metal oxide film is thin and dense. The adhesion of the film to the surface of the magnet is excellent. The film exhibits an excellent corrosion resistance. Typical examples of the metal oxide films are Al, Si, Ti and Zr oxide films. An interfacial layer with an R (rare earth element) atom chemically bonded with a film forming metal atom through an oxygen atom is formed between the metal oxide film and the entire surface of the magnet.

Abstract: A rolled product of metal with at least one structured surface with light spreading structure. The structured surface exhibits a groove-type pattern in the form of a series of circular arc lengths that runs in the roiling direction and is wave-like in cross-section. The maximum angle of inclination of a tangent to the circular arc lengths with respect to a plane defined by the surface is 1 to 15°, and the radius of the arc lengths is between 0.1 and 20 mm.

Abstract: A new stainless steel sheet has a stainless steel substrate which contains Cu at a ratio of 1.0 wt. % or more and has Cu-enriched grains precipitated at a ratio of 0.2 vol. %. The Cu-enriched grains are exposed to the outside through pinholes in a passive film generated on the substrate. Cu is preferably condensed at a Cu/(Cr+Si) weight ratio of 0.1 or more or a Cu/(Si+Mn) weight ratio of 0.5 or more with respect to Cr, Si and Mn present in the passive film or at an outermost layer of the substrate. Precipitation of Cu-enriched grains and condensation of Cu effectively improve solderability and electric conductivity of the stainless steel sheet.

Abstract: The invention described herein is a bioactive composite material comprising thin layers of bioactive glass reinforced with thin ductile metallic layers, and the use of this material in bone replacement procedures.

Abstract: The present invention generally describes multilayer coating systems comprising a composite metal/metal oxide bond coat layer. The coating systems may be used in gas turbines.

Abstract: This invention relates to a surface treatment method comprising the steps of soaking aluminum or an aluminum alloy in a treating solution containing a fluorine compound and ammonium silicofluoride, and treating the aluminum or aluminum alloy in the treating solution at a temperature in the range of 70 to 100° C.; a piston having undergone such a surface treatment; and a piston coated with a film consisting of an Al-OH-F compound, as well as a sliding member in which its sliding surface and the like are coated with a slide film consisting, for example, of a compound of aluminum, fluorine and the hydroxyl group; and a surface-treating film for an aluminum alloy which is formed on a surface of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and consists of an aluminum fluoride hydroxide compound and silicon particles dispersed therein.

Abstract: A turbine component (10), such as a turbine blade, is provided which is made of a metal alloy (22) and a base columnar thermal barrier coating (20) on the alloy surface, where a heat resistant ceramic oxide sheath material (32′ or 34′) covers the columns (28), and the sheath material is the reaction product of a precursor ceramic oxide sheath material and the base thermal barrier coating material.

Abstract: A turbine component (10), such as a turbine blade, is provided which is made of a metal alloy (22) and a base, planar-grained thermal barrier layer (28) applied by air plasma spraying on the alloy surface, where a heat resistant ceramic oxide overlay material (32′) covers the bottom thermal barrier coating (28), and the overlay material is the reaction product of the precursor ceramic oxide overlay material (32) and the base thermal barrier coating material (28).

Abstract: A method for smoothing the surface of a ceramic-based protective coating which exhibits roughness is disclosed. The method includes the steps of applying a ceramic-based slurry or gel coating to the protective coating surface; heating the slurry/gel coating to remove volatile material; and then further heating the slurry/gel coating to cure the coating and bond it to the underlying protective coating. The slurry/gel coating is often based on yttria-stabilized zirconia, and precursors of an oxide matrix. Related articles of manufacture are also described.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a coated steel having an ability to form a high corrosion-resistant rust layer in an early stage even in a severely corrosive environment, for example one with a high amount of atmospheric salinity, by applying a surface treatment which is economical and easily applied onto surfaces of a weather resistant steel and normal steel or surfaces of rust layers over these steels. A surface of a steel or a surface of a rust layer over a steel is coated with an organic resin paint comprising, by weight, 0.2 to 60% of the total with a composition of (i) 0.1-30% calcium oxide, (ii) a metal sulfate whose solubility is 1 g or more in 100 g of water at 5 degrees C and (iii) at least one or more kind(s) of phosphoric acid, the dried coating film having a thickness between 1 &mgr;m and 200 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A method for increasing the surface area of foil electrodes of electrolytic capacitors. A valve metal is deposited by evaporation on a valve metal foil in a low pressure inert atmosphere including oxygen at a pressure one to two orders of magnitude lower than the pressure of the inert gas. The resulting surface is fractal-like. The foil thus treated is suitable as such for use as a cathode. Prior to anodization to produce an anode, a discontinuous layer of a valve metal oxide is deposited on the foil, to preserve the high surface area of the fractal-like surface and otherwise promote the formation of a dielectric coating whose interface with the metal foil has a high surface area.

Abstract: A chamber material made of Al alloy excellent in thermal cracking resistance and chemical and/or physical corrosion resistance and capable of reducing contamination excellently and further having excellent and wide applicable brazing property in a high temperature corrosive circumstance, in which the substrate aluminum material for the chamber material made of Al alloy having an anodized film comprises 0.1 to 2.0% Si, 0.1 to 3.5% Mg, 0.02 to 4.0% Cu on the mass % basis and the balance of Al and impurity element with Cr in the impurity elements being less than 0.04%. Preferably, Fe is 0.1% or less and Mn is 0.04% or less in the impurity element and, further, the total sum of impurity elements other than Cr and Mn being restricted to 0.1$ or less. This invention can be utilized suitably to various materials used in high temperature corrosive circumstance, particularly, in high temperature corrosive gas or plasma atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of forming an electrically insulating layer on a steel article such as a stack of electrical steel laminations or an individual, unstacked electrical steel lamination, comprising exposing the article to an oxidation atmosphere, and to a temperature (such as at least about 800° F.) for a time sufficient to form on the article an electrically insulating layer comprising hematite. The hematite layer is effective to provide the article with a surface resistivity characterized by an F-amp value of not greater than about 0.85 at a test pressure of 50 psi and a transfer surface roughness of about 10 microinches (Ra). Also featured is a steel article having the electrically insulating layer formed thereon.

Abstract: Tooling for handling molten or hot solid aluminum and its alloys wherein the tooling is made of a passivated titanium aluminide (TiAl) intermetallic compound having a thin passivating surface oxide film formed in-situ thereon by contact with an oxygen-bearing atmosphere at elevated temperature. The surface oxide film passivates and renders the tooling non-wetted by and non-reactive with molten aluminum and its alloys and non-bonded to hot solid aluminum and its alloys.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating system for a superalloy substrate is disclosed. The superalloy is preferably of the type that is capable of forming an adherent alumina layer. A bond coat is applied to a local area of the substrate, so that a portion of the substrate remains exposed. The localized area is defined to be the area(s) at which a TBC typically fails first, e.g., the leading and trailing edges of an airfoil, or other area. An alumina layer is formed on the remaining portion of the substrate, and also on the bond coat. A ceramic layer is then applied on the alumina layer. Even if the ceramic material is removed, the localized bond coat remains, and reduces the rate at which the underlying substrate oxidizes. A coated article is also disclosed, as is a system that utilizes a conventional superalloy and aluminide coating with the localized bond coat.

Abstract: The known flourinated layer has usually a thickness of from 1000 to 3000 angstroms. After the forced oxidation of metal, the forcibly oxidized surface is flourinated. As a result of the preceding forcing oxidation, a 1 &mgr;m or more thick fluorinated layer is formed on the surface of the metal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the surface treatment of stainless steel and/or of a nickel alloy. It also relates to the use of such a process and to a stainless steel treated by the process or of a treated nickel alloy. It is envisaged that the treatment is carried out with peroxide or with a water/peroxide mixture or with a peroxide solution.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a joined article between a ceramic member and another member, which process includes the steps of brazing the ceramic member with another member by using a brazing material composed of 50 to 99 wt % of copper, 0.5 to 20 wt % of aluminum, 0.5 to 5 wt % of at least one kind of active metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium and niobium, thereby obtaining a joined body including the ceramic member, another member and a layer of the brazing material, and heating the brazing material layer in an oxidative atmosphere.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing anodic coatings with superior corrosion resistance and other properties on aluminum and aluminum alloy surfaces by cryogenically treating the aluminum prior to anodizing. The invention also relates to the anodic coatings and to the anodically coated articles produced by the process. The anodized coating has a thickness of 0.001 to 0.5 mm and a time to penetration of at least 5 hours for aqueous solutions of HCl.

Abstract: A method for increasing the surface area of foil electrodes of electrolytic capacitors. A valve metal is deposited by evaporation on a valve metal foil in a low pressure inert atmosphere including oxygen at a pressure one to two orders of magnitude lower than the pressure of the inert gas. The resulting surface is fractal-like. The foil thus treated is suitable as such for use as a cathode. Prior to anodization to produce an anode, a discontinuous of a valve metal oxide is deposited on the foil, to preserve the high surface area of the fractal-like surface and otherwise promote the formation of a dielectric coating whose interface with the metal foil has a high surface area.

Abstract: A charging member for amorphous silicon photoreceptors which can be supplied with a uniform and stable resistivity, exhibits an excellent durability and is insusceptible to variation of resistivity against environmental conditions, pinhole leak and contamination on the photoreceptors, showing a good quality and a long life. An electrophotographic charging member for charging a photoreceptor (preferably, mainly composed of amorphous silicon), which comprises a porous anodized aluminum film formed by anodically oxidizing a support the surface of which is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. In the charging member, it is preferred that the pores in the porous anodized aluminum film be filled with a metal or an electrically conductive material made of an oxyacid salt of transition metal or pure water be attached to the inner wall of the pores in the porous anodized aluminum film. The charging member of the present invention may comprise a surface protective layer on the porous anodized aluminum film.

Abstract: In a system based on aluminum, zirconium and nitrogen at least one layer has covalent bonds of aluminum nitride or at least one layer has bonds of the aluminum nitride and zirconium nitride type. In a process for producing such a system an electrical gas discharge is fired in a vacuum chamber such as essentially to form a noble gas-enriched plasma resulting in ionization of the metal elements. To form the nitridic layer nitrogen is continuously fed as a reactive gas into the vacuum chamber and pumped away so as to set a reactive gas partial pressure which is used for process control purposes. The use of such a system for producing a coating on a surface is also described.

Abstract: Aluminum or aluminum alloy bodies, such as cast fuel pump bodies, are subjected to anodic spark deposition under deposition conditions in an electrolyte effective to form an surface layer that is enriched in alpha alumina to improve surface hardness and that includes a substantially uniform distribution of lubricant-retaining, nanosize surface pores.

Abstract: Provided are a substrate with a zinc oxide layer, in which at least a zinc oxide layer is provided on a support substrate, wherein the zinc oxide layer comprises a zinc oxide layer having the c axis perpendicular to the support substrate and a zinc oxide layer having the c axis slantindicular to the support substrate in the order from the side of the support substrate; and a photovoltaic device in which a semiconductor layer is formed on the substrate with the zinc oxide layer. Thus provided is the inexpensive photovoltaic device with excellent reflective performance and optical confinement effect and with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Abstract: A composite in which a substrate body is coated with a single layer or multiple layers and at least one layer has two or three phases comprised of cubic ZrCN and monoclinic or tetragonal ZrO2. The composite can be in the form of a lathe or milling cutter cutting insert.

Abstract: A new family of ceramic materials is identified having particular utility as thermal insulating or thermal barrier coatings on metallic substrates. The ceramic materials have a pyrochlore structure and are typified by the composition A2B2O7 where A and B are various ions and 0 is oxygen. A may have a positive charge of 3+ or 2+ and B may have a positive charge of 4+ or 5+. These materials are characterized by having chemical stability, thermal stability and thermal insulating properties superior to those of currently used thermal barrier ceramics. An example pyrochlore material is lanthanum zirconate.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel article, preferably in the form of a tubing. The article has a passivated surface layer, which in the case of a tubing is on the interior surface of the tubing. The passivated surface layer has an oxide component having Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 and a metal component of Fe with zero valence and Cr with zero valence. The ratio of the oxide component to the metal component is in excess of 8:1.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of forming an electrically insulating layer on a steel article such as a stack of electrical steel laminations or an individual, unstacked electrical steel lamination, comprising exposing the article to an oxidation atmosphere, and to a temperature (such as at least about 800° F.) for a time sufficient to form on the article an electrically insulating layer comprising hematite. The hematite layer is effective to provide the article with a surface resistivity characterized by an F-amp value of not greater than about 0.85 at a test pressure of 50 psi and a transfer surface roughness of about 10 micro inches (Ra). Also featured is a steel article having the electrically insulating layer formed thereon.

Abstract: A steel suitable for a fabric with or without painting and has good corrosion resistance with reproducibility, even if the steel is composed mainly of ordinary carbon steel or low alloy steel, wherein the surface of the steel is coated with rust comprising one or more selected from Ti, Nb, Ta, Zr, V and Hf in the total amount of 0.01 wt % or more. In the steel, the fraction of &agr;-FeOOH and an amorphous rust is 35 wt % or more, and the fraction of &bgr;-FeOOH is 20 wt % or less.

Abstract: A dummy plate is provided for offset printing which essentially consists of a plate-, sheet- or band-form, mechanically and/or electro-chemically roughened, anodically oxidized and optionally hydrophilized aluminium support and a non-photosensitive, water-soluble protective layer applied thereto, characterized in that the layer contains a water-soluble organic compound which contains at least one OH- or NH-acidic group having a pKa value of ≦8 as acid or salt, and has a layer thickness which is smaller than the average roughness ra of the support material, determined by optical means. Even after extended storage at elevated temperature, the dummy plate can easily be used without an additional development step and exhibits no tendency to stick.

Abstract: A device (10) having a ceramic thermal barrier coating layer (16) characterized by a microstructure having gaps (18) with a sintering inhibiting material (22) disposed on the columns (20) within the gaps (18). The sintering resistant material (22) is stable over the range of operating temperatures of the device (10) and is not soluble with the underlying ceramic layer (16). For a YSZ ceramic layer (16) the sintering resistant layer (22) may preferably be aluminum oxide or yttrium aluminum oxide, deposited as a continuous layer or as nodules.

Abstract: A support for a lithographic printing plate in which uniform pits are efficiently formed by electrochemically graining treatment, always independently of electrolytic conditions to give excellent printing performance, which comprises an aluminum alloy plate containing 0.05% to 0.5% by weight of Fe, 0.03% to 0.15% of Si, 0.006% to 0.03% by weight of Cu and 0.010% to 0.040% by weight of Ti, wherein the Cu concentration of a surface layer portion of from a surface to a depth of 2 &mgr;m of the aluminum alloy plate is at least 20 ppm higher than that of a region deeper than the surface layer portion.

Abstract: An article having an improved thermal barrier coating is disclosed. The article includes a superalloy substrate, and an adherent alumina layer generated on the substrate surface. The article also includes a layer of ceramic material forming a columnar grain, thermal barrier coating on the alumina layer. The coating is composed of a generally homogeneous mixture of two materials, such as yttria and ceria and preferably at least about 5 w/o yttria, balance, ceria. The article may also include an intermediate ceramic bond coat, such as a layer of yttria strengthened zirconia, to enhance the adherence of the thermal barrier coating.

Abstract: This invention relates to a surface treatment method comprising the steps of soaking aluminum or an aluminum alloy in a treating solution containing a fluorine compound and ammonium silicofluoride, and treating the aluminum or aluminum alloy in the treating solution at a temperature in the range of 70 to 100° C.; a piston having undergone such a surface treatment; and a piston coated with a film consisting of an Al—OH—F compound, as well as a sliding member in which its sliding surface and the like are coated with a slide film consisting, for example, of a compound of aluminum, fluorine and the hydroxyl group; and a surface-treating film for an aluminum alloy which is formed on a surface of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and consists of an aluminum fluoride hydroxide compound and silicon particles dispersed therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improvement in an anodic aluminum oxide coating on which microbials are easy to adhere and propagate, for constantly keeping it clean. The present invention provides an anti-microbial aluminum product comprising: a porous oxide coating covering the surface of the aluminum core for the product and an inorganic bacteria controlling ingredient being carried in the micropores of the oxide coating. The anodic oxide coating is preferably sealed.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating system and a method for forming the coating system on a component designed for use in a hostile thermal environment, such as superalloy turbine, combustor and augmentor components of a gas turbine engine. The coating system includes a diffusion aluminide bond coat whose oxide growth rate is significantly reduced to improve the spallation resistance of a thermal barrier layer by forming the bond coat to include a dispersion of aluminum, chromium, nickel, cobalt and/or platinum group metal oxides. The oxides preferably constitute about 5 to about 20 volume percent of the bond coat. A preferred method of forming the bond coat is to initiate a diffusion aluminizing process in the absence of oxygen to deposit a base layer of diffusion aluminide, and then intermittently introduce an oxygen-containing gas into the diffusion aluminizing process to form within the bond coat the desired dispersion of oxides.

Abstract: Aluminum anode foil is etched using a process of treating the foil in an electrolyte bath composition comprising aluminum chloride hexahydrate, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and perchloric acid or perchlorate. The anode foil is etched in the electrolyte bath composition by passing a direct current (DC) through the bath, resulting in an aluminum anode foil having a higher capacitance and/or metal strength than using known methods or etching compositions. The etched anode foil is suitable for use in an electrolytic capacitor.