Abstract: Disclosed is a packaging material suitable for manufacturing synthetic sausage casings, comprised of a cellulose hydrate base layer and a layer of vinylidene chloride containing copolymer on the base layer, as well as several methods for preparing the packaging material.

Abstract: A laminated light-polarizing sheet having an excellent humidity resistance with dimensional stability under a high humidity as well as an excellent light resistance comprising a light-polarizing film of a halogenated vinyl or vinylidene polymer containing polyene chains formed by partial dehydrohalogenation and a film or sheet of an acrylate or methacrylate polymer laminated on at least one surface of the light-polarizing film.

Abstract: A light-polarizing film comprising a polymer mixture containing a polymer having polyene chains formed by partial dehydrohalogenation of a halogenated vinyl polymer or a halogenated vinylidene polymer and one or more of the polymers selected from the group consisting of acrylate polymers and methacrylate polymers. Said light-polarizing film has excellent heat stability as well as humidity resistance and is useful in various fields including liquid crystal device, optical device, etc.

Abstract: A polyvinyl chloride surface, such as plasticized polyvinyl chloride telephone cord jacket, is coated with a coating formulation comprising a medium molecular weight methyl methacrylate copolymer, cellulose acetate butyrate and a carbalkoxy benzyl phthalate plasticizer. The coating affords good adhesion, fast drying and stain resistance.

Abstract: A polarizer of particularly small thickness for an electro-optically activated cell, wherein a polarization foil is provided between an adhesion layer causing the adhesion to the cell and a protective layer providing protection from external influences. The small thickness of the polarizer is achieved by the use of a particularly thin protective layer consisting of a curable lacquer of the type which is used for coating packaging foils in the foodstuffs packaging industry, thereby reducing the thickness of the polarizer provided with protective layers on both sides to much less than 50 .mu.m, without the polarizer sacrificing its outstanding resistance to chemical and mechanical influences.

Abstract: A sheet of a crosslinkable polymer of ethylene having a melt index of at least 1.5 is supported by a sheet of a polymer having a melt index of 0.9 or less. The support sheet provides support for the sheet of the crosslinkable polymer of ethylene during a thermoforming operation.

Abstract: Sheet materials are provided which are photoluminescent by virtue of their coating.These sheet materials comprise a textile or other flexible sheet material substrate to which adheres a coating layer consisting of one or more synthetic resins admixed with a photoluminescent complex, the latter comprising (a) a phosphorescent metal sulphide such as zinc, calcium, cadmium or strontium sulphide and (b) a first substance which absorbs energy of short wavelength and emits it within the absorption spectrum of the said sulphide and with or without (c) a second substance which is fluorescent and which imparts to the said sheet materials a daytime coloration different from their nighttime coloration.The sheet materials may be textile sheet materials useful for the production of garments, in particular safety garments and furnishing fabrics. Self-adhesive materials may also be produced.

Abstract: An artificial leather sheet material, comprising a layer of permeable fabric made of interlaced multifiber yarns, the lower face of said fabric having an open nap of fibers teased from said yarns and bonded together, and a continuous layer of polymer material on the upper face of said fabric. The bonded nap may be subjected to spaced short cuts to give it a rough appearance.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a drawing layer for a plastic film, in particular for a polyester film, said drawing layer being adherent to the film and comprising a cellulose ester crosslinked by a formaldehyde resin, and including a matt-finishing agent and/or a pigment, the improvement which comprises that the drawing layer additionally contains at least one copolymer containing maleic anhydride units.

Abstract: In a photographic element for the color diffusion transfer process including a neutralizing system for reducing the pH of an aqueous alkaline processing solution which comprises a neutralizing layer and a timing layer, the improvement which comprises the timing layer comprising a polymer latex which is produced by emulsion polymerization of (1) each of (A) at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-type monomers having at least a free carboxylic acid group, a free sulfonic acid group or a free phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof and (B) at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of monomers represented by the following general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a --COOR.sup.1 group; Y is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a --(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOR.sup.2 group; Z is an aryl group, a --COOR.sup.3 group or a ##STR2## group; R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: Disclosed is a packaging material suitable for manufacturing synthetic sausage casings, comprised of a cellulose hydrate base layer and a layer of vinylidene chloride containing copolymer on the base layer, as well as several methods for preparing the packaging material.

Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated blocked aromatic diisocyanates are prepared which readily polymerize to form homopolymers and interpolymers with copolymerizable vinylidene monomers. Polymers can be prepared via emulsion polymerization, and exhibit excellent stability to hydrolysis when stored in latex form. The polymers cure at temperatures as low as 80.degree. C., and under acidic, neutral, or basic pH conditions. Homopolymers and interpolymers of the defined diisocyanates are useful as adhesives, and interpolymers of the ethylenically unsaturated blocked aromatic diisocyanates with acrylate monomers are particularly useful as binders for nonwoven fibers.

Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated blocked aromatic diisocyanates are prepared which readily polymerize to form homopolymers and interpolymers with copolymerizable vinylidene monomers. Polymers can be prepared via emulsion polymerization, and exhibit excellent stability to hydrolysis when stored in latex form. The polymers cure at temperatures as low as 80.degree. C., and under acidic, neutral, or basic pH conditions. Homopolymers and interpolymers of the defined diisocyanates are useful as adhesives, and interpolymers of the ethylenically unsaturated blocked aromatic diisocyanates with acrylate monomers are particularly useful as binders for nonwoven fibers.

Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated blocked aromatic diisocyanates are prepared which readily polymerize to form homopolymers and interpolymers with copolymerizable vinylidene monomers. Polymers can be prepared via emulsion polymerization, and exhibit excellent stability to hydrolysis when stored in latex form. The polymers cure at temperatures as low as 80.degree. C., and under acidic, neutral, or basic pH conditions. Homopolymers and interpolymers of the defined diisocyanates are useful as adhesives, and interpolymers of the ethylenically unsaturated blocked aromatic diisocyanates with acrylate monomers are particularly useful as binders for nonwoven fibers.

Abstract: The ability to withstand weathering by acrylic substrates having an abrasion resistant coating comprising a cured epoxy-terminated silane on the surface thereof is improved by using a particular primer composition between the coating and the substrate. The primer comprises a mixture of an acrylic polymer and cellulose esters of carboxylic acids.

Abstract: A heat sensitive color forming and heat sensitive electrical conductivity increasing composition comprising a mixture of (A) a basic polymer which reacts with hydrogen halide and is capable of forming a quaternary salt and (B) a halogen-containing polymer capable of forming a conjugated polyene by the elimination of hydrogen halide; and a heat sensitive image recording sheet containing the same.

Abstract: High performance thermoplastic pressure sensitive adhesives are prepared by the copolymerization of N-(meth)-acryloylamino acids and acid derivatives with long-chained alkyl acrylates. The copolymers can be formulated into tapes that possess an excellent threefold balance of the necessary tape properties of tack, adhesion and cohesion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for coating the surface of a shaped article of cellulose hydrate with a layer of polymer material which comprises applying to the surface of a shaped article in the gel state and based on cellulose hydrate, a liquid layer of an aqueous solution of a chemically modified protein obtained by mixing an aqueous alkaline protein solution with an aqueous solution of N-methylolacrylamide or N-methylol-methacrylamide or of the alkoxy derivatives thereof of aliphatic alcohols with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, particularly of organic, tetrafunctional, doubly unsaturated compounds of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen or an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, andR.sub.3 is the group --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, n being an integer from 1 to 8, or the group ##STR2## in which R.sub.4 is an alkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, subjecting the liquid mixture to a dwell time, heating the coated shaped article, and wetting the shaped article.

Abstract: Recording paper for use in, for example, an electrostatic recording system, comprising an electrically conductive base layer, a photoconductive or dielectric recording layer disposed on one surface of the base layer, and a heat-sensitive bonding layer disposed on the other surface of the base layer. The bonding layer is non-tacky at normal temperature, and it develops tackiness when heated after a recording has been made on the recording paper.

Abstract: This invention relates to a copolymerizate foil suitable for surface finishing, and which may be thermosetting, composed of:(A) an elastomeric copolymerizate with a glass transition temperature no higher than +10.degree. C.

Abstract: A skivable billet having improved uniform heat absorptive ability in which layers of enhanced optical density comprise water soluble polyazo direct dyes such as Formanil Black G and finely divided silica.

Abstract: A building form and method of preparing molded articles thereon which comprises molding an article on the casting surface of a building form comprising a casting surface adhered to a water destructible support layer, the said casting surface comprising a water permeable polymeric film, water destructing the said support layer, water penetrating the said casting surface, and removing the molded article.

Abstract: A protective plastomeric sheet material for lamination to an image containing layer of a diffusion transfer photographic product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a powdery coating composition having excellent anti-caking ability, which comprises polymer particles having an average particle size of 0.5 to 200.mu. composed of a polymer having a softening point not exceeding 90.degree. C. as a core component and a polymer having a softening point of at least 100.degree. C. as an outer component covering said core component, and to a process for the preparation of such powdery coating composition.

Abstract: Plastic sheeting and other formed plastic articles, particularly of cellulose ester, having an improved overall balance of physical properties such as impact strength, solvent resistance, surface hardness and surface appearance are obtained by applying radiation curable compositions containing certain unsaturated cellulose ester materials to one or more surfaces of the articles and radiation curing the same.

Abstract: A multilayered hollow plastic container having improved resistance to permeation by unwanted gases, especially injection blow molded containers having a preformed inner lining which is applied to a core prior to the formation of the composite parison. One layer is a barrier plastic having substantial but incomplete resistance to gas permeation, and another layer contains a getter material capable of binding unwanted gas uniformly dispersed throughout.

Abstract: Polyester films are primed with copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid esters, glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate, and acrylonitrile, optionally with an acrylic or methacrylic comonomer having a functional hydrophilic group, e.g. hydroxyethyl methacrylate. When the priming polymer contains less than 20 mole % of acrylonitrile as comonomer it is preferably cross-linked with an agent such as a melamine formaldehyde condensate.

Abstract: A heat-sealable coating composition which comprises a copolymer of vinylidene chloride and one or more other ethylenically unsaturated monomers, there being one such copolymer containing at least about 5 weight percent methacrylonitrile, the total vinylidene chloride content of the polymer(s) in the composition being at least about 88 weight percent of the polymer(s), and specified amounts of behenic acid, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, stearamide and glyceryl monostearate; base films coated therewith, and coating baths thereof. The coated film is a versatile packaging film, which not only can be used without difficulty on various types of automatic packaging machines, but also can be used for making various laminated films and as a substrate for extrusion coated films.

Abstract: A method of making multilayered hollow plastic containers having improved resistance to permeation by unwanted gases, especially injection blow molded containers having a preformed inner lining which is applied to a core prior to the formation of the composite parison. One layer is a barrier plastic having substantial but incomplete resistance to gas permeation, and another layer contains a getter material capable of binding unwanted gas uniformly dispersed throughout. The resultant improved container is characterized by having improved resistance to gas permeation.

Abstract: A heat-sealable coating composition for organic polymeric films such as regenerated cellulose film that provides good runnability properties of the coated films on automatic packaging machines, comprising a conventional heat-sealable vinylidene chloride copolymer coating composition containing from about 0.4 to 1.5% by weight of an alkali metal salt of lauryl sulfate and from about 0.2 to 1.0% by weight of an alkaline earth metal stearate, alkali metal stearate, or ammonium stearate. In addition, the composition may also contain from 0.4 to 1.0% lecithin. The coating composition provides good packaging machine runnability properties in a single coating on organic polymeric films without impairing heat-sealability, and its appearance in response to high relative humidity exposure can be varied in degrees of antifogging characteristics by adjustment of the sulfate and stearate additive concentrations.

Abstract: A smash-recoverable printing blanket having a substantially uniform thickness and method of making same are provided wherein the blanket comprises a plurality of layers including at least one layer adapted to swell upon being contacted by a liquid and a plurality of microcapsules disposed within the blanket with the microcapsules containing the liquid; and, the microcapsules are adapted to be ruptured upon smashing the blanket to thereby release the liquid contained therewithin against the one layer causing swelling thereof and restoring of the adjacent layers substantially to their original position prior to the smashing to define the uniform thickness.

Abstract: New copolymers containing carboxy and ester groups, of maleic anhydride, diketene and optionally vinyl alkyl ethers, the alcohol components of the ester groups of said copolymers being derived from ethylene glycol- or polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, alcohols of 1 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, and the ratio of carboxy groups to ester groups being 5:1 to 1:5 are provided.The new copolymers are employed as textile assistants, such as antistatic agents or fabric softeners; they can also be used as non-woven binders, as paper sizing agents or as hair laquers.

Abstract: A radiation polymerizable protective coating composition or paint, coated articles bearing such a protective radiation polymerizable paint which, on a non-polymerizable solvent, pigment, initiator and particulate filler-free basis, consists essentially of a binder solution of: (1) between about 90 and about 10 parts of a saturated, thermoplastic vinyl polymer prepared from at least about 85 weight percent of monofunctional vinyl monomers; (2) between about 10 and about 90 parts of vinyl solvent monomers for said vinyl polymer, at least about 10 weight percent, preferably at least about 30 weight percent, of said solvent monomers being selected from the group consisting of divinyl monomers, trivinyl monomers, tetravinyl monomers and mixtures thereof; and (3) between about 1.0 and about 15.0 parts per 100 parts of the total of said thermoplastic vinyl polymer and said vinyl solvent monomers of a triester of phosphoric acid bearing one or more sites of vinyl unsaturation.

Abstract: A temporary barrier between reactants in photographic products and especially for color diffusion transfer film units comprises two contiguous layers, one layer comprising a polymeric timing layer and having an activation energy of penetration of the layer by an aqueous alkaline solution of less than 18 kcal/mole and the second layer comprising a coalesced or partially coalesced polymeric latex and having an activation energy for the process of penetration of the layer by an aqueous alkaline solution of greater than 18 kcal/mole.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising (a) a hydrophilic copolymer of ethylene, alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and polyvalent alcohol monoester of alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, (b) a water-soluble base, (c) water, and if required, (d) one or more compounding agents, can form on substrates such as glass, plastics, metals and fibers films having excellent hydrophilic nature, water resistance, surface hardness, resistance to scuffing, adhesion to the substrates, and the like.

Abstract: A materials composite having improved resistance to permeation by unwanted substances, especially gas permeation. The composite includes a first layer of a barrier having partial resistance to permeation and a second layer adhered to the first layer. The composite includes a uniformly dispersed getter material capable of absorbing unwanted substance permeating through the barrier.

Abstract: A structural multiple ply wall for a product container has an inner container sheet ply having a composition providing low product permeability through the ply for a product disposed adjacent to a first face of the ply. A fluid coating consisting of an aqueous solution of a reducing sulfite salt is disposed adjacent to the second face of the inner sheet ply, the coating actively reacting with oxygen gas from the adjacent atmosphere. At least one sheet exterior ply has one face of one of the exterior ply disposed adjacent to the fluid coating. The exterior ply can have a composition providing low oxygen permeability through the sheet exterior ply. The inner sheet ply, the liquid coating, and the sheet exterior ply are contiguously integrally disposed together forming the structural multiple ply wall. The wall is formed into a product container providing at least the major proportion of the container wall area. A method of manufacturing the multiple ply wall is taught.

Abstract: Leader strip for motion picture films is described which is composed of a substrate of cellulose acetate or polyester, a gum-removing layer comprising an organic binder selected from the group consisting of cellulose esters, polyurethanes, polyacrylonitrile, copolymers of acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride, and epoxy resins, a gum-shearing agent of finely divided polymeric particles, said agent being bonded by the organic binder to the substrate, said gum-shearing agent being a member selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyamides, polyimides and polyolefins, said polymeric particles having a size less than about five mils.

Abstract: Timing layer for color diffusion transfer assemblages comprises a mixture of cellulose acetate and a maleic anhydride copolymer with 2 to 20% by weight of the mixture being said copolymer.

Abstract: Improved high temperature and high humidity resistant release agents for pressure sensitive tapes are provided. Reaction products of (1) a polyanhydride resin and (2) water or an amine or an alcohol are applied as a thin coating to the tape to permit easy unwinding of the tape, even though it may have been stored at elevated temperature or humidity.

Abstract: The roll formation of polymer coated regenerated cellulose films is substantially improved by incorporating in polymer coatings for such films from 0.25 to 4% by weight, based upon the weight of the polymer coating, of finely divided cellulose fibers having an average particle fiber length within the range of from 10 to 150 microns.

Abstract: A protective vinyl transfer sheet material and a method for laminating such transfer sheet material to a vinyl substrate. The transfer sheet material consists of a film of plasticized vinyl resin releasably supported with measurable adhesion on one side of a continuous, flexible, non-fibrous cellulosic carrier, particularly regenerated cellulose sheet. In the method of the present invention, the vinyl film is bonded under pressure with heat to the vinyl substrate, after which the cellulosic carrier may be readily stripped from the laminate, leaving the firmly bonded vinyl film as a protective overcoating for the substrate.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition having excellent flame resistance and thermal stability comprising an epoxy resin and a halogenated polyhydroxystyrene and a metal clad laminate comprising at least one planar base material having impregnated therein the above-described flame resistant thermosetting resin composition and at least one metal foil laminated thereon.

Abstract: The invention disclosed is directed to a gel composition, including (a) an aliphatic saturated monocarboxylic acid having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms; (b) an interpolymer of ethylene and a vinyl ester of a monocarboxylic acid having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; (c) a tackifying resin; and (d) an organic solvent. Substrate surfaces to which the gel composition is applied typically exhibit good resistance to blocking and may be effectively heat sealed to other surfaces at relatively low temperatures in minimum time. In aspects of the invention the coated substrates may be polyolefinic or cellulosic sheet materials, including laminates thereof with vinylidene chloride interpolymer layers. Improved heat sealable substrates and processes for heat sealing are also described.

Abstract: Water swellable polyacrylate articles are made from a solution of the polyacrylate having an effective amount of a soluble crosslinking agent therein by heating and/or drying the solution. The polyacrylate solution is made from a polyacrylate by saponification and the crosslinking agent is then added.

Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated blocked aromatic diisocyanates are prepared which readily polymerize to form homopolymers and interpolymers with copolymerizable vinylidene monomers. Polymers can be prepared via emulsion polymerization, and exhibit excellent stability to hydrolysis when stored in latex form. The polymers cure at temperatures as low as 80.degree. C., and under acidic, neutral, or basic pH conditions. Homopolymers and interpolymers of the defined diisocyanates are useful as adhesives, and interpolymers of the ethylenically unsaturated blocked aromatic diisocyanates with acrylate monomers are particularly useful as binders for nonwoven fibers.

Abstract: Heat softened polydienic sheets, such as transpolyisoprene or polychloroprene, are usefully mounted in rolls, the layers being separated by powders or granules such as salt to prevent cohesion, and the salt is preferably dusted off as used, or the sheet is passed through a warm water bath which will remove the salt and warm it and softening to an applying state useful for many purposes. It can be shaped as an in-sole for shoes and upon softening will accept the shape of the wearer's foot greatly improving the comfort; or as breast plates, athletic supporters, knee guards, head guards such as a helmet, ear guards or ear supports which may carry sound transfer means, i.e., such as headphones or a hearing aid; or it may be used as a bandage and for which purpose it can be reinforced by a long fiber and the comfort of the plastic bandage can be modified as by having perforations filled with fiber to transmit moisture from side to side.

Abstract: Strong heat-sealable nonwoven fabrics, textiles, papers and other substrates which have been treated with a polymer latex derived predominantly from polymers of vinyl halides or vinylidene halides which have been overpolymerized with one or more of .alpha.,.beta. -olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, olefinically unsaturated amides or their N-alkylol and N-alkoxyalkyl derivatives, and esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids. Copolymers of vinyl halide or vinylidene halide with vinylidene monomers containing a terminal CH.sub.2 =C< group may also be overpolymerized in the same way in making the heat sealable articles.

Abstract: Metal surfaces moving at high speeds are coated with a chromium-resin containing layer having improved adhesion and resistance to deformation. The coatings provide corrosion resistance to the metal as well as enhancing its appearance when a pigment is added. The improved metal coatings are obtained by processes which apply an aqueous dispersion containing a water soluble dichromate of a metal, a reducing agent for the dichromate consisting of a mixture of a lower alkanolamine and a hexitol, and an acrylic resin mixture consisting of about 5 to 22% by weight of thermosetting acrylic tetrapolymer and 95 to 78% by weight of thermoplastic acrylic copolymer to the metal surface and thereafter heating the metal to evaporate water and form a coating on the metal at a temperature ranging from about 180.degree. to 275.degree. F. and then curing the coating while simultaneously reducing the chromium in the dichromate by heating the metal within the range of about 400.degree. to 500.degree. F. for at least 2 seconds.

Abstract: An improved electroconductive resin composition is obtained by using a water-dispersible, film-forming acrylamide polymer as a binder and extender for a water-soluble quaternary ammonium electroconductive resin. Particularly useful is a self-binding blend of about 65-95 wt. % polyvinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride and about 5-35 wt. % nonhydrolyzed polyacrylamide which can be formulated as an aqueous dispersion with clay or other printing pigments. Applied to a nonmetallic substrate, such as paper or an organic polymer film, the improved electroconductive resin composition reduces the surface electrical resistivity of the substrate and also provides improved holdout to aromatic and aliphatic solvents.