Abstract: Embodiments may include an insulated structure. The insulated structure may include a plurality of structural support members coupled together to form a frame. The insulated structure may also include a plurality of first wall boards attached to an exterior side of the frame to form an exterior wall or surface of the structure. The insulated structure may further include a spray foam insulation positioned within at least one of the wall cavities of the structure. The spray foam insulation may have an insulative R-value greater than or equal to 6.0 per inch at 40° F. The spray foam formulation may be made from a formulation that includes a reaction product of a polyisocyanate compound and a polyol compound and a blowing agent. The blowing agent may include a mixture of n-pentane and isopentane, where the mixture is at least 75% isopentane.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced hydrogel composite is provided. The composite includes a hydrogel and a fibrous component containing a plurality of fibers. Length of each of the plurality of fibers is less than about 1,000 ?m. A method of preparing a fiber-reinforced hydrogel composite is also provided. The method includes coating a hydrogel precursor solution on a substrate to form a hydrogel precursor film, depositing the plurality of fibers onto the hydrogel precursor film, and allowing the hydrogel precursor film to form a hydrogel film, (ii) thereby forming the fiber-reinforced hydrogel composite. A scaffold containing the fiber-reinforced composite, and a tissue repair method (iii) using the fiber-reinforced composite are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides, inter alia, multilayer films of alternating layers of a glycosylated polymer (e.g. a mucin) and a lectin, as well as methods of making and using these films. The films can be adapted for, inter alia, delivery of a biologically active agent providing a non-toxic substrate to support cell growth, replication, and/or maintenance as well as detecting a microorganism and/or reducing microorganism adherence to a surface.

Abstract: The invention provides articles and methods for making such articles including a substrate coated on at least one region thereof with a layer of nanocomposites nano-cellulose materials and nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for coating a sheet-like cellulose containing material by applying a composition comprising at least one glucan (G), which has a ?(beta)-1,3-glycosidically linked main chain and at least one side group having a ?(beta)-1,6-glycosidic bond to the main chain, particularly Schizophyllan, and at least one solvent (S), particularly a ionic liquid, on the surface of the sheet-like material.

Abstract: A laminate having high adhesion between a fine cellulose layer and a base material, a method for producing the same, and a gas barrier material. The laminate is such that a fine cellulose layer containing fine cellulose having a carboxyl group is laminated on the base material, and a mixed layer in which the fine cellulose is mixed in the base material is further interposed between the base material and the fine cellulose layer. This laminate can be produced by coating the base material with a dispersion containing fine cellulose having a carboxyl group, swelling the base material with the thus coated dispersion, and drying the swollen base material and the coated dispersion. The laminate may also be produced by providing a swollen base material, coating the swollen base material with a dispersion containing fine cellulose having a carboxyl group, and drying the base material and the coated dispersion.

Abstract: The disclosure provides tissue webs, and products incorporating the same, where the webs comprise wood and bamboo fibers. More specifically the disclosure provides soft and durable through-air dried tissue webs comprising at least about 10 percent bamboo fiber by weight of the web. In the through-air dried tissue webs of the present disclosure, bamboo typically replaces high average fiber length wood fibers, which increases the bulk of the through-air dried web without negatively effecting softness or durability.

Abstract: Biocomposite compositions and compositions, which include dried distillers solubles, and which can be used in making biocomposite compositions are described. Methods for preparing the compositions are also described.

Abstract: A method for applying an additive, e.g. a fluoropolymer, to cellulose. The method comprises a number of steps. First, solid cellulose, a solvent capable of dissolving cellulose, e.g. NMMO and a dispersion of the additive are brought into contact with each other. The additive is allowed to diffuse into the dissolved cellulose, which is possible as a result of the dissolution of the surface layer of the solid cellulose. The solubility of cellulose in the solvent is then reduced, whereby the additive that has diffused into the dissolved cellulose is incorporated into the resulting solid cellulose. A method for applying a fluoropolymer to cellulose as a surface coat is also described. Flexible bearing components comprising a mat of cellulose fibres and a fluoropolymer which may be made by the methods described.

Abstract: A bamboo scrimber includes a plurality of pressure-pressed bamboo strips impregnated with an adhesive and modified through heat-treatment. Each of the bamboo strips is formed with a plurality of slots penetrating through the bamboo strip substantially in a direction of thickness defined by the bamboo strip. A substantially longitudinal direction defined by the slots is substantially consistent with a substantially longitudinal direction defined by fibers of the bamboo strip.

Abstract: Biolaminate composite assemblies are provided. Generally, the biolaminate composite assemblies may comprise one or more biolaminate layers and at least one biolaminate layer may comprise polylactic acid. In one embodiment, a biolaminate composite assembly is provided comprising one or more biolaminate layers wherein the biolaminate composite assembly is three-dimensionally formable over a rigid non-plastic substrate. At least one of the biolaminate layers comprises polylactic acid and a natural wax. In another embodiment, a method for forming a biolaminate composite assembly is provided.

Abstract: Provided is a laminate having at least a base material and a fine cellulose layer which includes fine cellulose having a carboxyl group, the laminate characterized in being obtained by laminating two or more of the fine cellulose layer. Also provided is a method for manufacturing a laminate, comprising the steps of (1) coating the base material with a liquid dispersion that includes fine cellulose having a carboxyl group, (2) forming a fine cellulose layer by drying the liquid dispersion used for coating, and (3) laminating fine cellulose layers by repeating steps (1) and (2).

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bonding composition having high adhesion, from which formaldehyde is hardly released. The present invention relates to a bonding composition cured through heating and pressing. The bonding composition contains a polyvalent carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A formaldehyde-free aqueous adhesive composition comprising (a) soy protein and (b) magnesium oxide or a mixture of magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide, wherein components (a) and (b) together constitute at least 50 weight percent of the composition, excluding the weight of the water.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention generally relate to a moisture barrier coating that is biodegradable and compostable. Some embodiments also relate to a coating that is dual ovenable. Such coatings may be used to increase moisture resistance and provide non-stick or release characteristics when applied to biodegradable and compostable disposable food packaging and food service items. In some embodiments, a plasticizer, an amide wax and optionally a rosin are added to a cellulose-ester-based coating to increase moisture resistance. In other embodiments, a biodegradable polymer, an amide wax, optionally a plasticizer, and optionally a rosin are added to a cellulose-ester-based coating to drastically increase moisture resistance. In still other embodiments, phospholipids or medium-chain triglycerides or increased levels of amide wax may be added to the either of the embodiments above to provide enhanced release characteristics.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a wrapping, comprising a first layer of synthetic polymeric material; a second layer of synthetic polymeric material; and a layer of natural material sandwiched between at least a portion of the first and second layers; wherein the first and second layers are wider than the layer of natural material and extend beyond opposing ends of the layer of natural material to form tabs, the tabs comprising said first and second layers sandwiched together without the layer of natural material therebetween. Methods of making and using are disclosed.

Abstract: A composite construct comprising a side wall extending at least partially around an interior of the composite construct. At least a portion of the side wall comprises at least one laminate, and the at least one laminate comprises at least one layer of material that comprises a first renewable polymer. The composite construct can also comprise at least one injection-molded element comprising at least a second renewable polymer.

Abstract: Cyclodextrin compositions including one or more radiation polymerizable monomers and a cyclodextrin inclusion complex, the cyclodextrin inclusion complex including a cyclodextrin compound and an olefinic inhibitor of an ethylene generation in produce, are coated onto packaging materials and cured. Treated containers and treated package inserts having the cured cyclodextrin compositions are useful in packaging of respiring plant materials.

Abstract: The disclosure provides tissue webs, and products incorporating the same, where the webs comprise wood and bamboo fibers. More specifically the disclosure provides soft and durable through-air dried tissue webs comprising at least about 10 percent bamboo fiber by weight of the web. In the through-air dried tissue webs of the present disclosure, bamboo typically replaces high average fiber length wood fibers, which increases the bulk of the through-air dried web without negatively effecting softness or durability.

Abstract: A lignocellulosic product comprises a plurality of lignocellulosic pieces, and an isocyanate component and a processing aid disposed on the pieces. The processing aid is reactive with the isocyanate component, comprises a graft polyol having a continuous and discontinuous phase, and can be used to form a lignocellulosic composite article. The processing aid is useful for imparting the composite article with moisture resistance, swelling resistance, and toughness, as well as providing cold-tack during manufacture of the composite article from the product. The continuous phase comprises an isocyanate-reactive component. The discontinuous phase comprises polymeric particles. The isocyanate component and the processing aid are present in the product a combined amount of from about (1) to about (25) parts by weight based on (100) parts by weight of the product.

Abstract: Cellulosic biolaminate assemblies are provided. In one embodiment, a biolaminate structure is provided comprising a first cellulosic layer, a second cellulosic layer, and a first bio-based polymer. The first bio-based polymer impregnates the first cellulosic layer and the second cellulosic layer. The first cellulosic layer and the second cellulosic layer are fused together.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a component comprised of a substrate layer and a cap layer. In one exemplary embodiment, multiple co-extruded wood composite components may be formed simultaneously. In another exemplary embodiment, a component may have a substrate layer comprised of cellulosic material. The cap layer may also include cellulosic filler and at least one streaker. The resulting component may serve a variety of different uses. For example, the component may be used in railing systems such as for decks, porches, fences, stairs, or other suitable applications.

Abstract: By treatment with hydrophobins, cellulosic materials such as paper, cardboard, cotton or, especially, wood-based materials, such as solid wood, glued wood products or particle board, can be effectively protected against absorption of and attack by water and/or moisture.

Abstract: Biocomposite compositions and compositions, which include dried distillers solubles, and which can be used in making biocomposite compositions are described. Methods for preparing the compositions are also described.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a tissue product comprising at least one multi-layered tissue web that includes a first fibrous layer and a second fibrous layer. The first fibrous layer comprises wood fibers and the second fibrous layer comprises cotton fibers. Cotton fibers are present within the second fibrous layer in an amount from about 1 to about 25 percent by weight of the layer, in some embodiments from about 5 to about 20 percent by weight of the layer, and in some embodiments, from about 10 to about 15 percent by weight of the layer. The selective incorporation of cotton fibers in the tissue web results in a web having improved handfeel without negatively effecting strength and durability.

Abstract: The disclosure provides tissue webs, and products incorporating the same, where the webs comprise wood and bamboo fibers. More specifically the disclosure provides soft and durable through-air dried tissue webs comprising at least about 10 percent bamboo fiber by weight of the web. In the through-air dried tissue webs of the present disclosure, bamboo typically replaces high average fiber length wood fibers, which increases the bulk of the through-air dried web without negatively effecting softness or durability.

Abstract: Cellulosic biolaminate assemblies are provided. In one embodiment, a biolaminate structure is provided comprising a first cellulosic layer, a second cellulosic layer, and a first bio-based polymer. The first bio-based polymer impregnates the first cellulosic layer and the second cellulosic layer. The first cellulosic layer and the second cellulosic layer are fused together.

Abstract: A lightweight composite article with controlled biodegradation includes a fibrous substrate and one or more additives applied to the fibrous substrate to control the rate of biodegradation of the composite article. The composite article has a weight of less than about 57 grams per square meter, and a biodegradation within a range of from about 30 days to about 150 days. In some embodiments, the additives include one or more of water repellent, antimicrobial agent and biodegradable binder.

Abstract: Provided is a cellulosic composite comprised of cellulosic material and a binder. The binder comprises a reaction product of an amine and a reactant in the form of an amino-amide intermediate. To the amino-amide is added an aldehyde or ketone to form a curable binder composition. The composition when mixed with cellulosic material and cured forms a cellulosic composite.

Abstract: A coated paper suitable for cold-set as well as heat-set printing applications and methods for producing the coated paper. In accordance with one aspect, the coated paper comprises a cellulosic substrate and a coating on at least one side of the substrate wherein the coating comprises a binder and a pigment such that the coated side exhibits surface characteristics such that the surface accepts cold-set inks.

Abstract: A prepreg can be obtained by impregnating a decorative base paper with an impregnating resin solution which contains at least one polymer latex and at least one modified starch with a specific molecular weight distribution.

Abstract: Multiphase biomaterials are provided which are based on bacterially synthesized nanocellulose (BNC) including at least two different bacterial cellulose networks. To this end, a culture median is inoculated with at least two different cellulose-producing bacterial strains.

Abstract: Composite panels may be prepared using a moisture resistance additive having a formulation that includes a triglyceride having a saponification value of at least 150 and an iodine value of at least 35. The additive may be used in the form of a water emulsion. The water emulsion may be prepared by dispersing the components of the additive formulation under conditions sufficient to at least partially saponify the triglyceride. The moisture resistance additive can impart resistance to moisture absorption and thickness swelling to composite panels prepared therewith.

Abstract: The present invention relates to light wood-base materials comprising from 30 to 92.5% by weight, based on the wood-base material, of wood particles, the wood particles having a mean density of from 0.4 to 0.85 g/cm3, from 2.5 to 20% by weight, based on the wood-base material, of polystyrene and/or of styrene copolymer as a filler, the filler having a bulk density of from 10 to 100 kg/m3, and from 5 to 50% by weight, based on the wood-base material, of a binder, the mean density of the light wood-base material being less than or equal to 600 kg/m3.

Abstract: A cellulose acylate film containing a cellulose acylate and an organic acid represented by X-L-(R1)n in an amount of 0.01-1% by mass of the cellulose acylate, wherein at least 90% by mass of the cellulose acylate is a cellulose acylate having a total degree of acyl substitution of 1.5-2.7. In the formula, X represents an acid group having an acid dissociation constant of at most 5.5, L represents a single bond or a lining group having two or more valence, and R? represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions for coating of printing paper, said compositions comprising microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and one or more polysaccharide hydrocolloids, and use of said compositions. Further, the invention relates to coated paper, comprising a first layer of polysaccharide hydrocolloid(s) and a second layer of MFC, and use of said paper. A method for reducing the linting and/or dusting of a paper is also disclosed.

Abstract: Polysaccharides and/or hydroxyl polymers, more particularly, structures, especially fibers, comprising a polysaccharide and/or hydroxyl polymer and an association agent, fibrous structures comprising such structures and processes for making such structures and/or fibrous structures are provided.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a cellulose resin film, with which the deterioration of the entire film and the occurrence of die lines can be prevented. The method for producing a cellulose resin film, including the steps of: discharging two cellulose resins A and B molten in the respective extruders in the form of an A/B/A three-layer sheet from a die upon a support by co-extrusion; and cooling and solidifying the sheet-shaped molten resin into a film, wherein the resin A, which forms a pair of outer layers of the A/B/A three-layer sheet, has a number average molecular weight smaller than that of the resin B, which forms the inner layer of the A/B/A three-layer sheet, and the resin A has a number average molecular weight of 20,000 or more and 50,000 or less, and the resin B has a number average molecular weight of 30,000 or more and 100,000 or less.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a cellulose resin film, with which the deterioration of the entire film and the occurrence of die lines can be prevented. The method for producing a cellulose resin film, including the steps of: discharging two cellulose resins A and B molten in the respective extruders in the form of an A/B/A three-layer sheet from a die upon a support by co-extrusion; and cooling and solidifying the sheet-shaped molten resin into a film, wherein the resin A, which forms a pair of outer layers of the A/B/A three-layer sheet, has a number average molecular weight smaller than that of the resin B, which forms the inner layer of the A/B/A three-layer sheet, and the resin A has a number average molecular weight of 20,000 or more and 50,000 or less, and the resin B has a number average molecular weight of 30,000 or more and 100,000 or less.

Abstract: Base paper for decorative coating materials with a raw paper containing 5 to 55% by weight of a white pigment and/or filler and coated with a coating solution containing at least one water soluble modified starch with a specific molecular weight distribution.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a woodland substrate from the complete recycling of the materials recovered from treatment of urban solid waste is disclosed. The woodland substrate obtained by the process is also described.

Abstract: An absorbent structure is provided which comprises a first outer layer, a second outer layer, a core layer positioned between the first outer layer and the second outer layer, wherein the core layer comprises a recycled cellulose material, and a core bonding agent.

Abstract: A construction board (10) comprising a cellular body and at least one facer (22,23), where the at least one cellulosic facer (22,23) is characterized by a burst strength of at least 250 kPa pursuant to T403 om-02 (TAPPI).

Abstract: Composite panels may be prepared using a moisture resistance additive having a formulation that includes a triglyceride having a saponification value of at least 150 and an iodine value of at least 35. The additive may be used in the form of a water emulsion. The water emulsion may be prepared by dispersing the components of the additive formulation under conditions sufficient to at least partially saponify the triglyceride. The moisture resistance additive can impart resistance to moisture absorption and thickness swelling to composite panels prepared therewith.

Abstract: Cellulosic biolaminate assemblies are provided. In one embodiment, a biolaminate structure is provided comprising a first cellulosic layer, a second cellulosic layer, and a first bio-based polymer. The first bio-based polymer impregnates the first cellulosic layer and the second cellulosic layer. The first cellulosic layer and the second cellulosic layer are fused together.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a Wet Burst of greater than 30 g as measured according to the Wet Burst Test Method and that may also exhibit a Geometric Mean (“GM”) Modulus and/or CD Modulus of less than 1320 at 15 g/cm and/or less than 875 at 15 g/cm as measured according to the Modulus Test Method are provided.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a composition containing a thinned starch having from about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % substitution with a hydrophobic substituent wherein, after cooking at from about 15% solids to about 30% solids, the composition has a viscosity of about 1000 cps at 35° C. Also disclosed herein is a paper product containing a substrate containing paper or paperboard and having a first surface and a second surface and a coating applied at least to substantially the entire first surface of the substrate, wherein the coating contains a thinned starch having from about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % substitution with a hydrophobic substituent wherein, after cooking at from about 15% solids to about 30% solids, the coating has a viscosity of about 1000 cps at 35° C., wherein the paper product contains from about 5 lb starch to about 500 lb starch per ton of substrate.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a wrapping, comprising a first layer of synthetic polymeric material; a second layer of synthetic polymeric material; and a layer of natural material sandwiched between at least a portion of the first and second layers; wherein the first and second layers are wider than the layer of natural material and extend beyond opposing ends of the layer of natural material to form tabs, the tabs comprising said first and second layers sandwiched together without the layer of natural material therebetween. Methods of making and using are disclosed.

Abstract: There is described a multi-layer film. The film comprises a first biodegradable layer and a second biodegradable layer, wherein the first and second biodegradable layers each comprises a biopolymer selected from the group consisting of carbohydrates, polysaccharides, gums, proteins, colloids, polyorganic acids and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Processes for producing polyethylene terephthalate copolyesters are disclosed, that include the steps of: esterifying a mixture of at least terephthalic acid, from 20 mole percent to 45 mole percent 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and ethylene glycol, optionally in the presence of one or more alkaline earth metals or alkali metals, to form an oligomer; polycondensing the oligomer in the melt phase in the presence of aluminum and one or more alkaline earth metals or alkali metals, to obtain a copolyester having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.5 dL/g; and thereafter adding to the copolyester a phosphorus-containing compound.