Abstract: Sulfate ester modified cellulose nanofibers having an average fiber diameter in the range of 1 nm to 500 nm, and having sulfate ester modified hydroxyl groups on surfaces of the cellulose nanofibers. A method of producing cellulose nanofibers that are nanosized, that have a high crystallinity degree, and that have large aspect ratios, the method being a chemical method that does not require any physical pulverization, that is energy-saving, and that can be performed under mild reaction conditions. A method of producing modified cellulose nanofibers including modifying the surfaces of the cellulose nanofibers through esterification or urethanization. A method of producing cellulose nanofibers includes impregnating cellulose with a fibrillation solution containing dimethylsulfoxide, at least one carboxylic acid anhydride selected from acetic anhydride and propionic anhydride, and sulfuric acid to fibrillate the cellulose.

Abstract: An oyster paper and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The oyster paper is made of 60%-70% oyster shell powder, 10%-20% polymer, 15%-17% natural biodegradation inducing agent, and 3%-5% natural biodegradation assisting additive agent, by volume ratio, which are subjected to mixing and pre-melting processing, followed by compounding and pelletizing to prepare oyster paper pellets, which are then subjected to film blowing processing to be film-blown into an oyster paper product having a thickness of 0.05-0.5 millimeters. The oyster paper possesses the quality of wood pulp paper and shows bettered stiffness and wider applications. The oyster paper also provides, after being disposed and buried, an effect of being 100% natural degradation into compost for fertilizing the soil. As such, a kind of oyster paper featuring recycling and reuse of oceanic creature waste shell and natural microorganism induced degradation for composting and recycling and a manufacturing method thereof are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laminate having oxygen barrier properties, which laminate comprises; a porous fiber based layer comprising nanocellulose and cellulosic fibers wherein said fiber based layer has an air resistance of less than 4000 s/100 ml measured according to ISO5636/6 and a polymer layer attached to at least one side of said fiber based layer to form said laminate. The present invention further relates to a method to produce said laminate and a paper or paperboard product comprising the laminate and the use of the laminate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing of a laminated cellulose-based liquid or semi-liquid food packaging material, wherein the laminated packaging material has a bulk material layer comprising a low-density cellulose spacer layer, an outside module comprising a substrate layer having a print surface and an inside material module comprising a barrier layer or barrier coating. The invention further relates the laminated packaging materials obtained by the method and to a packaging container for liquid food packaging, comprising the laminated packaging material or being made from the laminated packaging material obtained by the method.

Abstract: A resin composition containing: a cellulose ester having at least two types of acyl groups; and an esterified starch.

Abstract: Provided herein are mycelium materials and methods for production thereof. In some embodiments, a mycelium material includes: a cultivated mycelium material including one or more masses of branching hyphae, wherein the one or more masses of branching hyphae may be disrupted or pressed and/or a bonding agent may be combined with the cultivated mycelium material. Methods of producing a mycelium material are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thermally conductive material containing a disk-like compound as a thermally conductive material having high thermal conductivity and high heat resistance. For example, the present invention provides a thermally conductive material containing a cured substance of a resin composition containing a disk-like compound having two or more functional groups, in which the functional groups are selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acryl group, a (meth)acrylamide group, an oxiranyl group, an oxetanyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a thiol group, an isocyanate group, a carboxyl group, and a carboxylic acid anhydride group. The present invention also provides a device, which includes the aforementioned thermally conductive material, and the aforementioned resin composition.

Abstract: A wet coating composition useful for coating a cellulosic fiber-based substrate is provided. The composition includes two aqueous emulsions. The first emulsion includes an oxidized paraffin/polyethylene wax and the second emulsion includes an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer wax, ethylene/acrylic amide copolymer wax, ethylene/acrylic acid/acrylic amide copolymer wax or a mixture thereof. The oxidized paraffin/polyethylene wax has a surface energy less than or equal to 25 mN/m being substantially dispersive energy. The wet coating composition when dried forms a coating having a surface energy ranging from 20 to 60 mN/m being the sum of dispersive and polar energies. A process for treating a cellulosic fiber-based substrate with the wet coating composition, a substrate coated and articles including the coated substrate are also described. The process involves a heating step to allow migration of the coating towards a core of the cellulosic fiber-based substrate.

Abstract: A gypsum board according to the invention comprises • calcium sulphate dihydrate; • Tartaric acid in an amount in the range of 0.01 to 0.1% w based on the weight of calcium sulphate hemihydrate; • A fluidizer in an amount of 1.0 to 10.0 kg/m3; • Starch in an amount of 3.0 to 12.0 kg/m3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of a surface coated support material wherein said process comprises contacting a support material with an aqueous dispersion of nanocellulose. The surface coated support material can be used in a composite material. The invention therefore further relates to the surface coated support material per se, a composite comprising the material, a process for the production of the composite material and an article produced from the composite material.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compositions comprising regioselectively substituted cellulose esters. One aspect of the invention relates to processes for preparing regioselectively substituted cellulose esters from cellulose dissolved in ionic liquids. Another aspect of the invention relates to the utility of regioselectively substituted cellulose esters in applications such as protective and compensation films for liquid crystalline displays.

Abstract: Provided is a structural member for electronic devices which uses a material that is flexible and has excellent restoration properties after extension and stress relaxation properties. The structural member for electronic devices has the following properties A and B: (Property A) In a case where predetermined deformation is applied, stress that applies the deformation is relaxed (reduced) with time: and (Property B) In a case where the stress that applies deformation is 0, the deformation rarely remains while a resin composition is recovered. That is, when stress is 0, residual strain substantially becomes 0 (specifically 3% or lower).

Abstract: The formulation for making plasterboard with paper cover sheets comprises finely divided gypsum, a minor amount by weight of starch and, as crosslinking agent for the starch, a tri-functional reactive s-triazine having substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6 of the triazine ring which are reactive with the starch. A preferred crosslinking agent is 2,4,6-trichloro-s-triazine, which is preferably partially reacted with the starch before further reaction with the paper cover sheets for the plaster board.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of a surface coated support material wherein said process comprises contacting a support material with an aqueous dispersion of nanocellulose. The surface coated support material can be used in a composite material. The invention therefore further relates to the surface coated support material per se, a composite comprising the material, a process for the production of the composite material and an article produced from the composite material.

Abstract: The disclosure provides tissue webs, and products incorporating the same, where the webs comprise wood and bamboo fibers. More specifically the disclosure provides soft and durable through-air dried tissue webs comprising at least about 10 percent bamboo fiber by weight of the web. In the through-air dried tissue webs of the present disclosure, bamboo typically replaces high average fiber length wood fibers, which increases the bulk of the through-air dried web without negatively effecting softness or durability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thin polarizing film which has only a small environmental load and has excellent optical characteristics. The thin polarizing film is produced by forming a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer on a thermoplastic resin substrate. The thin polarizing film has a thickness of 10 ?m or less, a single axis transmittance of 42.0% or more, a polarization degree of 99.95% or more, and an iodine content of 17.6 grams per 400×700 square millimeters or less, which is measured by an ion chromatography method.

Abstract: The disclosure provides tissue webs, and products incorporating the same, where the webs comprise wood and bamboo fibers. More specifically the disclosure provides soft and durable through-air dried tissue webs comprising at least about 10 percent bamboo fiber by weight of the web. In the through-air dried tissue webs of the present disclosure, bamboo typically replaces high average fiber length wood fibers, which increases the bulk of the through-air dried web without negatively effecting softness or durability.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an aqueous dispersion of acrylic modified starch with excellent long-term storage stability, as well as an aqueous coating composition that can form a coated film with excellent finished appearance, curability and weather resistance, obtained using the dispersion. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention is obtained by separate graft polymerization of a radical polymerizable unsaturated monomer mixture for formation of a hydrophobic polymer and a radical polymerizable unsaturated monomer mixture for formation of a hydrophilic polymer, in the presence of starch and/or modified starch, and neutralizing the carboxyl groups in the acrylic modified starch with a basic substance if necessary.

Abstract: A display device comprises a display panel, a window layer and a coating formed of gel material. The window layer is formed on the display panel and the coating layer is formed on the window layer.

Abstract: A method for making a water-degradable paper sheet involves the following: providing at least one strip of a water-soluble binding material in the form of a dry film; providing at least two strips each made of at least one ply of cellulose wadding; placing the strip of water-soluble binding material between the two strips of cellulose wadding; humidifying, assembling and pressing the three strips; and drying the complex strip thus obtained. The sheet thus obtained can be used for making a roll carrier mandrel by helically winding one or more strips from the sheet about a cylinder. Articles produced from the sheet can particularly be used in the field of products for sanitary or domestic use.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of protecting wood or other celiulosic material from decay by copper-tolerant fungi, and wood preservative formulations for use in the same. The wood preservative formulations comprise a biocidal metal compound, a 1,2,4-triazole and a didecyl quaternary ammonium cation. Didecyldimethyl quaternary ammonium compounds are particularly preferred.

Abstract: A gypsum composition, board, and method of producing a gypsum board with increased fire endurance are described. The set gypsum-containing composition can be used to prepare a gypsum board having fire endurance, based on particular water-to-stucco ratios.

Abstract: Disposable medical items made from bioplastic resins include a biodegradable resin selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), cellulose based PH, polycaprolate (PCL), polybutyleneadipatetetephathalate (PBT), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), green polyethylene (GPE), green polyethylene terephthalate (GPET), Poly3-hydoxybutrate-3-hydroxyhexxanate (PHBH), poly-D-lactide (PDLA), and poly-L-lactide (PLLA); a plasticizer intermixed with the resin to provide a generally homogenous bioplastic; and a device formed from the bioplastic, where the device is at least one of a vaginal speculum, a specimen container, a measuring cup, a urinal, or a medical band.

Abstract: A paint composition includes microfibrillated cellulose, binder, and solvent. The microfibrillated cellulose may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight based on the total weight of the paint composition.

Abstract: Medical device surfaces, for example a plastic catheter or metal guide wire, are disclosed with a lubricating coating made from Brasenia schreberi polysaccharide mucilage. The coated device surfaces may be prepared with a variety of techniques offering improved alternatives to conventional coatings.

Abstract: Provided are composite particles which exhibit excellent fluidity and high liquid retentivity and which exhibit high fluidity even in a liquid-holding sate. Also provided are composite particles which permit direct compressing in an open feed manner and which suffer from little compressing trouble and exhibit high shapability. When shaped together with an active ingredient, the composite particles provide shaped bodies which have uniform weight, uniform active ingredient content, and high hardness and which suffer from less galling.

Abstract: Aqueous coating composition for shading substrates, preferably paper, comprising (a) at least one shading dye of formula (I) in which R1 signifies H, methyl or ethyl, R2 signifies paramethoxyphenyl, methyl or ethyl, M signifies a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, ammonium which is mono-, di-, tri- or tetrasubstituted by a C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl radical, ammonium which is mono-, di-, tri- or tetrasubstituted by a C1-C4 linear or branched hydroxyalkyl radical, ammonium which is, di-, tri- or tetrasubstituted by a mixture of C1-C4 linear or branched alkylradical and linear or branched hydroxyalkyl radical or mixtures of said compounds, (b) at least one white pigment, (c) at least one primary binder, (d) optionally one or more secondary binders and (e) water.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for removing a target oil from an aqueous fluid stream using a capture medium. In embodiments, the capture medium can comprise an anchor substrate and a modifier technology supported on the anchor substrate, where the modifier technology complexes with the oil to form a removable complex.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a laminated body, which is a laminated body for a polarizing plate as well as comprises a polymer film and a layer comprising a sulfonyl group-containing compound, wherein either or both of the polymer film and the layer comprising a sulfonyl group-containing compound comprises an aromatic secondary amine.

Abstract: A packaging material includes an antimicrobial agent adhered to a substrate. The antimicrobial agent can include copper, and the packaging material can include cellulose. The substrate can be paperboard, and the copper can be a copper salt, such as copper sulfate. The packaging material may be provided by causing adherence between the substrate and the antimicrobial agent, such as by coating the substrate with the antimicrobial agent. Then, the packaging material may be cut into sheets. The sheets may be formed into cartons or other suitable packages.

Abstract: A composite material is produced from carpet waste and a binding agent, in intimate association, and may also include wood fiber or chips and/or other additives. A method of manufacturing a composite material includes shredding carpet waste, coating the carpet waste with a binding agent, and subjecting the shredded, coated carpet waste to elevated heat and pressure. As an additional step, the composite material may be actively cooled to prevent deformation of the material.

Abstract: The invention provides articles and methods for making such articles including a substrate coated on at least one region thereof with a layer of nanocomposites nano-cellulose materials and nanoparticles.

Abstract: Aqueous coating composition for optical brightening and shading of substrates comprising (a) at least one optical brightener of formula (I) in which the anionic charge on the brightener is balanced by a cationic charge composed of one or more identical or different cations selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, ammonium which is mono-, di-, tri- or tetrasubstituted by a C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl radical, ammonium which is mono-, di-, tri- or tetrasubstituted by a C1-C4 linear or branched hydroxyalkyl radical, ammonium which is, di-, tri- or tetrasubstituted by a mixture of C1-C4 linear or branched alkylradical and linear or branched hydroxyalkyl radical or mixtures of said compounds, R1 and R1? may be the same or different, and each is hydrogen, C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl, C2-C4 linear or branched hydroxyalkyl, CH2CO2?, CH2CH2CONH2 or CH2CH2CN, R2 and R2? may be the same or different, and each is C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl, C2-C4

Abstract: Disclosed are methods relating to an extruded pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch prepared by mixing at least water, non-pregelatinized starch, and acid to form a starch precursor. The acid can be a weak acid that substantially avoids chelating calcium ions or a strong acid in a small amount. In the method, pregelatinization and acid-modification of the starch precursor occurs in one step in an extruder. Also disclosed are methods of preparing board using the starch prepared according to the methods, as well as starches and boards prepared by various methods of the invention.

Abstract: Reinforced wood flooring according to one embodiment includes: a surface layer having a plurality of wood sheets and a resin-impregnated paper sheet interposed between the wood sheets, in which each of the wood sheets has a predetermined thickness and a plate shape, and the wood sheets and the resin-impregnated paper sheets are bonded together into a unitary body through hot-pressing; an adhesive layer formed beneath the surface layer to serve as an adhesive; and a plywood arranged beneath the adhesive layer and attached to a lower side of the surface layer by the adhesive lay.

Abstract: The present invention provides plain printing paper comprising a paper substrate containing, as main components, cellulose pulp and calcium carbonate as a filler, and an optional cationic resin and a multivalent cation salt attached onto the paper substrate, wherein the total amount of the cationic resin and the multivalent cation salt attached on both surfaces of the paper substrate is 1.0 g/m2 to 5.0 g/m2, both inclusive, and the mass ratio of the cationic resin to the multivalent cation salt is 0:100 to 90:10, both inclusive.

Abstract: A process for the production of a lignocellulose-containing material, in which, based in each case on the lignocellulose-containing material: A) from 30 to 95% by weight of lignocellulose particles; B) from 1 to 25% by weight of expanded plastic particles having a bulk density in the range from 10 to 150 kg/m3; C) from 1 to 50% by weight of a binder selected from the group consisting of aminoplast resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups, and optionally D) additives are mixed and are then pressed at elevated temperature and under elevated pressure, wherein the component B) comprises a curing agent for the component C).

Abstract: The formulation for making plasterboard with paper cover sheets comprises finely divided gypsum, a minor amount by weight of starch and, as crosslinking agent for the starch, a tri-functional reactive s-triazine having substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6 of the triazine ring which are reactive with the starch. A preferred crosslinking agent is 2,4,6-trichloro-s-triazine, which is preferably partially reacted with the starch before further reaction with the paper cover sheets for the plaster board.

Abstract: In an aspect, a display device including a display panel, a first protecting film attached under the display panel, and a second protecting film attached on the second protecting film, in which at least any one of the first and second protecting films includes a retardation layer is provided.

Abstract: There is provided a multilayer film comprising a starch layer and at least one other layer. The multilayer film has excellent barrier properties. The starch layer comprises a modified starch having a degree of substitution less than 1.5. Suitable other layers include polyolefins. The multilayer film finds use in packaging, particularly in packaging foodstuffs.

Abstract: The present application relates to wood preservation, for example, surfactants and phospholipids for improving wood preservation. Included are surfactants and phospholipids containing a 2-amino-N,N-dimethylacetamide. Provided are wood preservative compositions containing these surfactants or phospholipids, methods of applying such wood preservative compositions to wood, and wood products resultant from some such methods. Also provided are wood products containing the wood preservative compositions provided herein.

Abstract: A laminate structural material including at least one substrate layer and at least one reinforcing layer. The reinforcing layer may include a binder and a starch-containing component. The reinforcing layer is made from a base material having discrete starch-containing pellets bound to each other by a carbohydrate polymer binder. The laminate structural material to be formed into components of furniture, shelters, enclosures, pet accessories, and/or other structures.

Abstract: A breathable, semi-permeable, laminate that includes at least one a semi-permeable layer having top and bottom surfaces; at least one microporous liquid impermeable layer bonded to at least one surface of the semi-permeable layer; and at least one textile layer.

Abstract: Porous wood-based lignocellulosic material is modified by incorporating into its pore matrix a bonded silica filling. An immobilized-silica precursor such as a water-glass solution of silica subunits or a colloidal silica is used to produce the filling, such as by immersion of the lignocellulosic material therein. The impermeable wood-based lignocellulosic material produced thereby is inflammable and impermeable to penetration by fluids and pests.

Abstract: A composite wood product containing acetylated wood elements characterized by an average value in thickness swelling not exceeding 5% after subjection to 25 wet-dry/freeze-thaw cycles as described in Table II. Alternative characterizations include moduli of elasticity and rupture, and bending strength. A two stage process for the acetylation of wood elements is also described.

Abstract: A decorative laminate includes a decorative layer and a core layer. The decorative layer is composed of a resin impregnated decorative sheet. The core layer is composed of at least one resin impregnated sheet of core paper. The core paper is impregnated with a resin composed of phenol formaldehyde resin and wood molasses. In this manner, a substantial portion of the resin used to impregnate the core paper is replaced with wood molasses, which results in a reduction of the cost of manufacturing the decorative laminate. The decorative laminate is manufactured by preparing a resin impregnated decorative sheet and preparing at least one resin impregnated core sheet by impregnating a core sheet with a resin composition composed of phenol formaldehyde resin and wood molasses. The decorative sheet and the core sheet are then layered to form a laminate lay-up that is heated and pressed to consolidate and cure the laminate.

Abstract: A process for reducing the permeability of a paper wrapper used in the construction of a smoking article is disclosed. The paper wrapper is treated with a film-forming composition that forms treated discrete areas on the wrapper. The treated discrete areas have a permeability within a predetermined range sufficient to reduce the ignition proclivity properties of a smoking article made with the wrapper. In accordance with the present invention, the film-forming composition contains a film-forming material. The film-forming material has a relatively low viscosity. In this manner, the film-forming composition can have a relatively high solids content and still be applied to the wrapper using conventional techniques, such as by using a gravure printer.

Abstract: A gypsum panel that incorporates a plant fiber other than paper is disclosed. The plant fiber material may be in the form of a facing material adhered to at least one side of the gypsum panel or in the form of loose fibers integrated with the gypsum panel as a matrix or both. Further, the plant fiber may be combined with conventional gypsum panel additives, is fully recyclable and environmentally sustainable. The present invention further relates to a method of making such a gypsum panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing coated substrates by providing a substrate, providing at least one mineral material, providing a polysaccharide material comprising one or more polysaccharides, coating the substrate with the at least one mineral material, and coating the resulting pre-coat layer of mineral material with the gel comprising one or more polysaccharides, as well as the coated substrate obtained by this process and its use.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for coating a sheet-like cellulose containing material by applying a composition comprising at least one glucan (G), which has a ?(beta)-1,3-glycosidically linked main chain and at least one side group having a ?(beta)-1,6-glycosidic bond to the main chain, particularly Schizophyllan, and at least one solvent (S), particularly a ionic liquid, on the surface of the sheet-like material.