Abstract: There is disclosed a honeycomb structure whose outer peripheral portion is plugged, whereby the insulating properties of the structure itself can improve to further improve the insulating properties, and the temperature of an introduced gas can be raised. A plasma reactor is also provided which can generate a large amount of hydrogen and which has a high electrode durability. A honeycomb structure 1 includes a cell structural portion having partition walls 4 which connect one end face thereof to the other end face thereof to define a plurality of cells 3 as through channels of a gas, and cells 3 having plugging portions 9 which plug both the end faces of an outer peripheral portion 7 of the cell structural portion, and the cell area of the plugging portions 9 is 10% or more of the whole cell area.

Abstract: Disclosed are high-porosity cordierite honeycomb substrates having fine pore size, narrow pore size distribution, little or no microcracking, and a high thermal shock resistance. The porous ceramic honeycomb substrates generally include a primary cordierite ceramic phase as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods for making and using the cordierite substrates.

Abstract: A process for producing a high temperature-resistant structure provides at least one at least partially structured metallic layer. A smooth metallic layer is deformed by a rolling process, in which oil at least partially wets the at least one layer. The oil is at least partially removed. Lubricant is fed onto at least one subsection of the at least one layer. A structure is at least partially shaped. Technical joining connections are produced for fixing the structure.

Abstract: A metal sheet having a microstructure relieved of notching, a carrier body having a plurality of sheets, and an exhaust system having the carrier body, are distinguished by a particularly long useful life in an automobile. Moreover, it is possible to bring about flow profiles coordinated exactly with the respective fields of use, so that a particularly efficient or extremely adaptable carrier body for purifying the exhaust gas of automobiles is provided.

Abstract: We describe a lattice part made of metal and a method for producing a lattice part made of metal or a metal alloy. The lattice has a thickness of less than 1 mm at a size of the gaps of less than 50 mm2. The lattice comprises a connection made of knots, and perpendicular to the lattice surface has lattice bars and lattice knots of the same thickness. A method for the production of a lattice part made of metal, particularly made of light alloy, is characterized by a primary shaping process according to DIN 8580, wherein a mold is formed in the first step, a primary material is introduced in the mold cavity in the second step, the part is removed from the mold in the third step, and the finishing of the metallic lattice part is carried out in the fourth step.

Abstract: A honeycomb body includes two opposite end sides, at least one housing and at least one metallic layer forming channels. At least one of the end sides has at least one brazed zone forming a belt-shaped, brazing material-free zone adjacent the housing. A method for producing the honeycomb body, an exhaust-gas treatment component for an internal combustion engine and a motor vehicle having the honeycomb body, are also provided.

Abstract: A honeycomb body for an exhaust treatment unit has at least one honeycomb structure and a least one housing, which at least partially surrounds the at least one honeycomb structure. At least one region between the honeycomb structure and the housing is formed with a brazed joint and at least two separate measures delimit the brazed joint. Furthermore, a method for producing a corresponding honeycomb is also proposed.

Abstract: An autogenously welded structure is provided that includes a first face sheet, a plurality of individual stiffener elements, and a second face sheet. The stiffener elements each have a first edge disposed against the first face sheet and an opposed second edge. Each stiffener element has a central portion extending between the opposed edges. The central portion is disposed at an angle to the first face sheet. The stiffener elements include at least some stiffener elements that are disposed at an angle to at least some of the other stiffener elements. The second face sheet is disposed against the second edges of the stiffener elements and the first and second face sheets are autogenously welded to the edges of the stiffener elements.

Abstract: A composite component comprising at least two parts that differ from one another in their respective coefficients of linear thermal expansion is disclosed. These parts are joined by at least one elastic connecting element having a height dimension and a thickness dimension and containing at least one shear element which is deformable in a shear-flexible manner. The height dimension relate to the thickness dimension in the range of 2 to 60. The inventive composite component is especially suitable for making glazing for automotive roofs.

Abstract: Methods and systems to manufacture bonded corrugation truss-based structures. This allows the ability to change the dimensions of the individual structural features of the corrugations, i.e. thickness of the core, face sheet thickness, relative density of the core, and the alloys. The nodal design which provides ideal stress/strain distribution for in-plane and out-off plane loading. The node has a curved/smooth triple point intersection which in turn can provide best load transfer interface with high integrity/toughness. The bonded corrugation truss based structure can be continuous to any length only limited by the volume of the extrusion billet and the press capacity. An aspect of the bonded corrugation structures may include friction stir welding of the face sheets or any fusion welding of panels with edge members for strengthening allows fabrication of panels of any width and length. Bonding panels enables the fabrication of structures of any width.

Abstract: A composite sheet comprising two sheets joined by material closure provides on the one hand high global and local bending stiffness, and on the other hand very good forming behavior and very high load capacity in case of great deformations, as in case of a crash for example. Both sheets of the composite sheet comprise an at least partially structured surface and a smooth surface and both sheets are at least partially joined by material closure via the structured surfaces.

Abstract: Extruded metal honeycombs are produced by the direct extrusion of a softened bulk metal feedstock through a honey-comb extrusion die comprising a feedhole array for delivering softened metal through a supporting die baseplate to a honeycomb die discharge section, the discharge section comprising an array of intersecting discharge slots that form the walls of an extruded metal honeycomb structure. This process can be optimized by employing a proper pressure gradient for a particular extrudate flow rate, extrudate composition, and wall-drag condition arising from the particular composition of the feedhole wall, as illustrated graphically in FIG. 4.

Abstract: Ballistic resistant composites and articles formed therefrom for use in airplanes and other vehicles which meets particular structural, impact and ballistic requirements. An aerospace-specification grade honeycomb is positioned between panels comprising non-woven ballistic resistant fibrous layers, and optionally one or more fire resistant layers. The composites and the articles formed therefrom have superior structural, impact, fire resistance and ballistic performance at a light weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides an Fe—Cr—Al based stainless steel sheet and double layered sheet having a high Al content of greater than 6.5%, honeycomb bodies employing the stainless steel sheet or double layered sheet, and a process for fabrication of the steel sheet or double layered sheet. The sheet is a high Al-containing Fe—Cr—Al based stainless steel sheet or high Al-containing double layered sheet characterized by comprising, by weight, Cr: 10-30% and Al: >6.5%-15%. Preferably, the steel sheet further comprises either or both Ti: 0.02-0.1% and Nb: 0.02-0.3%, and also comprises La: 0.01-0.1%, Ce: 0.01-0.1% and P: 0.01-0.05%. It also preferably comprises Cu: 0.01-1.0% by weight, and preferably further comprises Mg: 0.001-0.1% by weight. There is also provided a honeycomb body fabricated using the Fe—Cr—Al based stainless steel sheet.

Abstract: A ballistics barrier having a multitude of vertically stacked layers. Each layer comprised of a plurality of horizontally-offset, interconnected laterally collapsible cells formed from multiple sheets of ballistics fabric. The perimeter interface between two vertically stacked layers is sealed by a skirt extending between the top of one layer and the bottom of the vertically adjacent layer.

Abstract: A method of forming an insert for a catalytic converter includes wrapping a catalytic core with a fibrous packing, inserting the wrapped core into a mantle, and forming end portions of the mantle into converging tapered portions capable of retaining the wrapped core in place within the mantle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a morphing cellular structure. The morphing cellular structure comprises a group of unit cells with each unit cell configured to have a cellular geometry. The group unit cells are formed of an active material, where the active material has both a first state and a second state. The active material is responsive to an actuation signal such that when the actuation signal is actuated, the active material is deformed from the first state to the second state, thereby changing the volume of each unit cell affected by the actuation of the actuation signal and morphing the cellular structure. Furthermore, both a passive material and at least one additional active material can be attached with the active material, allowing a user to selectively change the shape of the cellular structure.

Abstract: A method for gluing and brazing a honeycomb structure includes at least one partially structured foil with a pitch and a wave height. The method includes the steps of choosing a mean brazing material diameter of a powder brazing material, said diameter being 15% smaller than the height of the wave; determining a minimum thickness of the glue strip according to equation; gluing at least partially structured foil within the width of the glue strip on at least part of the wave crests formed by the undulation; brazing the honeycomb structure. The invention also relates to a corresponding honeycomb structure that ensures satisfactory joint connections even when said structure is used in the exhaust systems of automobiles.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method of blanking and hot forming an elongated part from a coil of press hardened steel sheet stock, including the step of: cutting a blank from the coil of press hardened steel sheet stock such that the blank has a length that is greater than a width, and such that the length is substantially parallel to the rolling direction. Ideally, the blank is cut such that the length is parallel to the rolling direction within plus or minus ten degrees. The present invention also provides ultra high-strength metallic components, preferably automotive body shell parts, hot formed from coils of press hardened steel sheet stock. Each part has a body with a body length that is greater than a body width, and one or more weld joints. The body also has a material texture orientation that is substantially parallel to the body length.

Abstract: A wire-grid metal sheet includes a grid portion defined by a plurality of spaced strip-shaped longitudinal members extending longitudinally and cross members extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal members. A wire grid is made by attaching the wire-grid metal sheet to a frame. The cross members are arranged at intervals at least about five times greater than those of the longitudinal members. The longitudinal members and the cross members may define a lattice pattern. Alternatively, the longitudinal members or the cross members may be arranged in a staggered manner.

Abstract: A honeycomb body includes an inlet end side and an outlet end side. Metal sheets are wound, intertwined and/or layered into a multiplicity of sheet metal layers being at least partially structured to form channels leading from the inlet end side to the outlet end side. Edges of at least some of the sheet metal layers have cutouts formed therein at the inlet end side and/or the outlet end side, resulting in a fissured structure of the inlet end side and/or the outlet end side. As a result, only the smooth metal sheets or only the structured metal sheets or both can be provided with the cutouts. Additionally, at least some of the metal sheets can be made of a porous material, in particular compressed metal fibers. Deposition of soot particles on the end sides of the honeycomb body is, to a large extent, prevented due to the cutouts.

Abstract: A catalytic reactor or heat exchanger includes a monolith defining a plurality of leaves, the monolith having a generally annular cross-section. The monolith is disposed within a generally cylindrical outer tube, and around a corrugated inner tube. The reactor includes a device for urging the monolith radially outward, so as to maintain contact between the monolith and the outer tube. Such device may include a coned washer, or it may be defined by a folded flap that is integral with the inner tube. In either case, the reactor compensates for metal creep, and virtually insures continued contact between the monolith and the outer tube.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a metal core sandwich structure that is lightweight and many times stiffer than regular sheet metal, and which is easily formable into curved structures as well as structures having compound curves. In one embodiment, a formed metal core includes a plurality of cells comprising alternating front and rear projections extending outwardly in front of and behind a median plane, with each projection having a bonding surface area or land configured to be bonded with corresponding external metal sheets on both sides of the formed metal core. A plurality of micro-abrasions or indentations are formed on the bonding lands, allowing stronger bonding joints to be formed between the metal core and the external metal sheets by facilitating improved capillary action by the metal core during the bonding process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high Al-content steel sheet having an excellent workability and a method of production of the same at a low cost by mass production, a high Al-content metal foil and a method of production of the same, and a metal substrate using a high Al-content metal foil, that is, a high Al-content steel sheet having an Al content of 6.5 mass % to 10 mass %, the high Al-content steel sheet characterized by having one or both of a {222} plane integration of an ?-Fe crystal with respect to the surface of the steel sheet of 60% to 95% or a {200} plane integration of 0.01% to 15% and a method of production of the same, a high Al-content metal foil and a method of production of the same, and a metal substrate using a high Al-content metal foil.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive medium (1) includes a substrate (2) which has been treated to provide a miscut vicinal surface (3) in the form of terraces (4) and steps (5) of atomic and nanometer scale. There are discrete separated spacer nanowires (7) provided by an intermediate partial spacer film on each terrace (4) against each step (5). A further main film (11) provides main nanowires (10(a), 10(b)). A thin protective layer (15) covers the main nanowires (10(a), 10(b)) which form two separate subsets of main nanowires with different exchange interaction with the substrate and thus a different response to an external magnetic field. In use, when an external magnetic field (H) is applied the response of the main nanowires (10(a), 10(b)) changes as the exchange coupling with the substrate (2) varies and the magnetisation on the main nanowires (10(a), 10(b)) change. This is shown by the arrows while prior to the application of the external magnetic field, they might, for example, be aligned.

Abstract: A titanium alloy composite material including dispersed carbon fibers coated with a layer containing an element which forms a carbide in reaction with carbon, and the carbide formed thereby, in crystal grains of the titanium alloy. The element which forms a carbide in reaction with carbon is preferably at least one of silicon (Si), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), tantalum (Ta), molybdenum (Mo), zirconium (Zr), boron (B), and calcium (Ca). The carbon fibers are preferably carbon nanotubes, vapor-grown carbon fibers, or a mixture thereof. The titanium alloy composite material has excellent mechanical strength, such as tensile strength, Young's modulus, toughness, and hardness.

Abstract: A composite metal article from two dissimilar metals is prepared. A metal base is comprised of a first metal and having first and second opposing surfaces and a least one longitudinally-positioned depression in each of the first and second opposing surfaces for receiving a wire. An elongated metal element comprised of a second metal is introduced into each of the at least one first and second depressions of the metal base to form a composite assembly, and the composite assembly is heated under pressure to urge the adjacent surfaces of the second metal elements and the depressions together to form a bonded article.

Abstract: A preform with edges overlapped and jointed each other and first and second outer members for forming outer surfaces of a hydroformed product, and reinforcement members that are jointed to the first and second outer members to form reinforcement ribs that divide a hollow cross section of the outer surfaces, the reinforcement members having dimensions capable of suppressing elongation in a tensile direction due to a tensile force that develops during hydroforming.

Abstract: To provide a method for recovering performance of a discharge gas processing apparatus, the method being capable of recovering NOx removal performance of a deteriorated NOx removal catalyst without replacing the deteriorated NOx removal catalyst with a new catalyst and without adding a new catalyst. After a honeycomb catalyst 1 having gas conduits for feeding a gas to be treated has been placed and used in a discharge gas conduit of a discharge gas processing apparatus 10, the honeycomb catalyst 1 is rearranged such that a portion of the honeycomb catalyst 1—the portion being on the upstream side in terms of the flow of the gas to be treated and extending to cover a predetermined range is transferred from the inlet side of the discharge gas conduit.

Abstract: A honeycomb body for an exhaust treatment unit has at least one honeycomb structure and a least one housing, which at least partially surrounds the at least one honeycomb structure. At least one region between the honeycomb structure and the housing is formed with a brazed joint and at least two separate measures delimit the brazed joint. Furthermore, a method for producing a corresponding honeycomb is also proposed.

Abstract: A honeycomb body includes two opposite end sides, at least one housing and at least one metallic layer forming channels. At least one of the end sides has at least one brazed zone forming a belt-shaped, brazing material-free zone adjacent the housing. A method for producing the honeycomb body, an exhaust-gas treatment component for an internal combustion engine and a motor vehicle having the honeycomb body, are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to metal foam bodies having an open-porous structure as well as a method for producing thereof wherein according to the set task such metal foam bodies are to be provided which achieve an increased oxidation resistance and/or an increased corrosion resistance. With the metal foam bodies having an open-porous structure according to the invention, for such metal foam bodies within the webs of the open-porous structure there are channel shaped cavities formed as being determined by the production. At the same time, the webs and cavities will be provided with a metallic protective layer made of a material differing from the metallic starting material of the foam body or the channel shaped cavities will be filled with this material. For this, an adequate metal powder or an alloy component being included in the powder will be used which becomes liquid and forms a liquid phase respectively during thermal treatment below a temperature at which the metal of the base foam body is melting.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a metal foam body, according to which a molten material containing gas is prepared and said molten material is left to solidify, thus forming a metal foam body. The aim of the invention is to produce high-quality metal foam bodies with a desired shape, without requiring complex equipment and whilst reducing the safety risk for the operating personnel. To achieve this, the material used is fused under atmospheric pressure and gas is simultaneously and/or subsequently introduced into the molten metal. The latter is then poured into a mold and is left to solidify, whereby the ambient pressure is reduced at least temporarily.

Abstract: Extruded metal honeycombs are produced by the direct extrusion of a softened bulk metal feedstock through a honey-comb extrusion die comprising a feedhole array for delivering softened metal through a supporting die baseplate to a honeycomb die discharge section, the discharge section comprising an array of intersecting discharge slots that form the walls of an extruded metal honeycomb structure. This process can be optimized by employing a proper pressure gradient for a particular extrudate flow rate, extrudate composition, and wall-drag condition arising from the particular composition of the feedhole wall, as illustrated graphically in FIG. 4.

Abstract: A method for the production of a converter-carrier body having a metallic honeycomb body made of a plurality of metal layers, especially smooth layers and corrugated layers, the layers having layer ends, such that an outer shape of the honeycomb body is formed by the layer ends. At least one stack is produced having several alternately disposed metal layers that are structured such that channels are formed for a fluid to flow through. The at least one stack is transformed into a honeycomb body having a cylindrical form. The honeycomb body is deformed from the cylindrical form so that an outer shape that deviates from the cylindrical form is produced. Additionally, the invention relates to a corresponding converter-carrier body and a tool for the production thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing a honeycomb body with at least one fleece having metallic fibers, includes at least the following steps: producing metallic fibers; forming a layer having metallic fibers; welding the metallic fibers to one another; deforming the layer to form a fleece having defined fleece properties; producing a honeycomb body; and brazing the honeycomb body. A honeycomb body produced according to the process is suitable in particular for filtering exhaust gases from a motor vehicle. A process for filtering an exhaust-gas stream is also provided.

Abstract: A method and system for inspecting a honeycomb structure having a plurality of parallel channels includes aligning the honeycomb structure with an image sensing device such that the channels of the honeycomb structure are tilted with respect to the parallel channels of the honeycomb structure. An image of the honeycomb structure is then acquired. The image is processed in order to determine the perpendicularity of the end surface of the honeycomb structure.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure that is a plurality of honeycomb segments (21) bonded into one piece by a bonding material (25), the honeycomb segments (21) each having a large number of through-channels (11) separated from each other by partition walls (20), the bonding material (25) being composed of components substantially the same as components composing the unified body of honeycomb segments (21), and the honeycomb segments (21) being bonded to each other at their planes substantially parallel to the direction of channels of through- channels (11), in which honeycomb structure each bonded plane (22) of each honeycomb segment (21) has a structure possessing an unbonded area (12) containing at least an edge portion opening to a periphery of its gas inlet side end face (15) and/or a periphery of its gas outlet side end face (17). With this honeycomb structure, there is no cracking caused by the thermal stress during the use, and excellent durability can be obtained.

Abstract: Multifunctional cellular metals (or other materials) for structural applications that are capable of recovering their original (undeformed) shape and thickness after impact or crushing (i.e., self-healing). Alternatively, they may normally be stored or used in their compressed (i.e., crushed) state and deployed when needed to act as energy absorbing structure or packaging (i.e., deployable energy absorber). Additionally, the multifunctional structures may act as an actuator, capable of providing localized or distributed force and displacement, and related methods of using and manufacturing the same. These active cellular metals (or other materials) are composites consisting of conventional metal/alloy truss structures (or other material structures) in combination with shape memory metal/alloy components (or other material components) and offer high specific strength and stiffness, but which are also deployable energy absorbers or self-healing smart structures.

Abstract: The subject matter of the present invention relates to a metal foil with an embossed structure for use in the purification of exhaust gas as well as to a tool and a method for its production. In the direction of the main flow, the metal foil has alternating peaks with ascending flanks and descending flanks and valleys, with the peaks and valleys being divided into rows parallel to the direction of the main flow and with the peaks and valleys of adjacent rows being staggered in the direction of the main flow in such a way that the ascending flanks and the descending flanks of the staggered peaks form a trough which connects the staggered valleys.

Abstract: A process for producing a one-piece, structured metal sheet having an interior with a hole, provides a predetermined, curved outer contour and inner contour that delimits the hole. A smooth, shaped blank is produced, having an outer edge substantially concentrically outside the predetermined outer contour and an inner edge substantially concentrically outside the predetermined inner contour. A structure, which preferably has formations running substantially radially, is then stamped into the metal sheet so that the sheet is formed with an approximately uniform degree of deformation in an inner boundary region and an outer boundary region. A metal sheet for a catalyst carrier body has an interior hole, an outer contour, an inner contour delimiting the hole and a structure with formations running approximately in radial direction. The metal sheet is produced in one piece and in particular is seamless.

Abstract: A honeycomb body, which is composed in such a manner that a strip of corrugated foil made of heat-resistant stainless steel containing aluminum and a strip of flat foil made of stainless steel are alternately wound or laminated on each other, is incorporated into an outer cylinder made of metal and integrated into one body by means of diffusion bonding, so that a diffusion bonded metallic catalyst carrier can be formed. Surface roughness of the strip of foil after the completion of diffusion bonding is 0.001 to 2.0 ?m when it is expressed by center line average height Ra, and no sintered bridges are formed at both end portions of the diffusion bonded section in the longitudinal direction. The catalyst carrier is manufactured in a condition so that ?b, which is defined by ?b=6.

Abstract: A heat exchanger of the plate-fin type has fins of one metal brazed to a plate made of a different metal for use in oil coolers, condensers, evaporators, and the like. The distortion-prone titanium fins of conventional heat exchangers may be replaced with another metal, such as a stainless steel or a nickel based alloy to provide a structure that is resistant to crushing at the brazing temperature. Fluid or air flow resistance (pressure drop) through the heat exchanger may also be improved if the selected fin metal forms better fin shapes and has fewer burrs than conventional titanium fins. The replacement material may also improve the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger if the selected fin metal has higher thermal conductivity than titanium.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure includes a plurality of substantially parallel channels, a layer of at least partially structured metal foils and a housing. The layer includes a number N of at least partially structured metal foils and a number N+1 of smooth metal foils. The number N=1, 2 or 3 and two of the smooth metal foils are exterior foils. A method for producing such a honeycomb structure is also provided. The honeycomb structure is used, in particular in exhaust gas systems of mobile internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A honeycomb filter 1 is constituted by integrating a plurality of honeycomb segments 12 including a large number of through channels 3 partitioned by partition walls 2 and extending through an axial direction. The honeycomb filter 1 is characterized in that a thermal conductivity, strength, or strength/Young's modulus ratio of a honeycomb segment 12I disposed in a central portion is high, or a porosity, average pore diameter, or (porosity×(average pore diameter)2) of a wall portion is small with respect to a honeycomb segment 12O disposed in an outer peripheral portion. The honeycomb filter is used in a filter or the like for capturing particulates in an exhaust gas, superior in regeneration efficiency, and capable of simultaneously achieving durability and low pressure loss.

Abstract: An improved catalyst system that includes a metal support structure and an anti-corrosive layer on the metal support structure, and has improved resistance to corrosion and other degradation under corrosive environments. Typically, a catalyst supporting layer is applied over the anti-corrosive layer.

Abstract: Laminate structures and methods for forming same are disclosed. In one embodiment, a laminate structure includes a metal-polymer composite lamina. The metal-polymer composite lamina has a first face and a second face spaced apart, and extends to a terminal edge. The lamina includes a ply of fiber-reinforced polymer that extends between the first face and the second face and has an interior edge. The interior edge defines at least one cutout. A ply of metal foil extends between the first face and the second face substantially from the interior edge filling the at least one cutout.

Abstract: A honeycomb body has sheet-metal layers and sheet-metal foils to be joined with brazing powder. Each of the foils has at least one sliding structure enabling the adjacent layers to slide over one another. A honeycomb body, particularly a catalyst carrier body for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, includes at least partially structured sheet-metal layers wound and/or stacked to form passages for fluid flow. The sheet-metal layers are at least partially joined to one another by the brazing powder. The honeycomb body also has at least one sheet-metal foil with at least one sliding structure. A process for producing the honeycomb body guarantees sharply delineated brazed joints, even for brazing powder, which results in a greatly increased lifespan, particularly with regard to thermal and dynamic loads placed on the honeycomb body when used as a catalyst carrier body in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A metallic honeycomb body has an axial length, a partial volume covering at least 55% of the axial length, a radial dimension of at least 20 mm, an inflow end side and an outflow end side. The honeycomb body includes sheet-metal layers structured to permit a fluid to flow through the honeycomb body in a flow direction from the inflow end side to the outflow end side. The sheet-metal layers each have a surface area, partial regions and edges at the end sides. Each of the sheet-metal layers have a multiplicity of holes formed at least in the partial regions in the partial volume. Each of the holes have a hole surface area of between 1 and 120 mm2. The sheet-metal layer surface area in the partial volume is reduced by 10 to 80% by the holes as compared to a sheet-metal layer without holes. The partial volume is disposed at a distance from each of the end sides, preventing the holes from touching and from cutting through the edges of the end sides of the sheet-metal layers.

Abstract: This invention provides a configuration of a joint that allows a satisfactory welded joint to be formed with reduced deformation of the joint region when two-face structures (panels) are friction-welded end to end. The panels 31, 32 each have two substantially parallel plates 33, 34 and a third member 35 connecting the two plates 33, 34. The end portions of the plates 33, 34 of one panel 32 are friction-welded to the end portions of the plates 33, 34 of the other panel 32. At least one of the panels has a plate 36 at its end for connecting the plates 33 and 34 and has a rigidity to support a pressing force produced during the friction welding.