Abstract: Disclosed herein are CdSeTe photovoltaic devices having interdigitated back contact architecture for use in polycrystalline thin films in photovoltaic devices.

Abstract: In an aspect, a method of forming a photoactive device comprises: providing a perovskite-surfactant solution, said perovskite-surfactant solution comprising a perovskite ink and a surfactant; and coating said perovskite-surfactant solution onto a receiving surface of a substrate thereby forming a layer of said photoactive device; wherein said layer comprises a perovskite material; and wherein an active area of said photoactive device is at least 1 cm2.

Abstract: Energy-collecting display modules are disclosed. The modules include a base substrate with a plurality of sub-pixels, which are laid out in a substantially regular sub-pixel pattern. The sub-pixels are dispersed along the base substrate with sub-pixel spacing regions between individual sub-pixels. The modules also include a photovoltaic region disposed within the sub-pixel spacing regions such that the photovoltaic region minimally obscures a subpixel viewing cone region.

Abstract: This application provides a solar cell, a method for preparing the solar cell, smart glasses, and an electronic device. The solar cell includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, a first conductive lattice, a second conductive layer, and a functional layer. The functional layer is disposed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the functional layer is configured to absorb light and generate a photocurrent, and both the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are configured to receive the photocurrent. The first conductive lattice is in contact with a surface that is of the first conductive layer. The second conductive lattice is in contact with the second conductive layer, and the first conductive lattice and the second conductive lattice are configured to output the photocurrent to the target device. This application can mitigate impact of a sheet resistance on cell efficiency.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell and method of use, including an anode of metal, an air permeable cathode, an electrolyte between the anode and the cathode, and a transition metal phosphide catalyst on the cathode or between the cathode and the electrolyte. Also, a method of generating electrical current with an electrochemical cell by introducing a transition metal phosphide catalyst on a cathode side of the electrochemical cell. The catalyst can be in the form of any suitable nanostructure, such as molybdenum phosphide nanoflakes.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes a substrate structure and a p-type semiconductor absorber layer. A photovoltaic device may include a CdSeTe layer. A process for manufacturing a photovoltaic device includes forming a CdSeTe layer over a substrate. The process includes forming a p-type cadmium selenide telluride absorber layer.

Abstract: A dial for a watch includes a semi-transparent photovoltaic layer having a lower face. The dial also includes an ink-based decorative layer printed on the lower face of the photovoltaic layer. The decorative layer includes a pattern including one or more time markers.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion material dispersion liquid of an embodiment includes: perovskite crystal particles having a composition represented as ABX3, where A is a monovalent cation of an amine compound, B is a divalent cation of a metal element, and X is a monovalent anion of a halogen element, and having an average particle diameter of not less than 10 nm nor more than 10000 nm; and a dispersion medium which is composed of a poor solvent to the perovskite crystal particles, and in which the perovskite crystal particles are dispersed.

Abstract: A solar cell 100 includes a substrate 1, a first electrode 6, an electron transport layer 2, a first photoelectric conversion layer 3, and a coating layer 5. The first photoelectric conversion layer 3 is disposed between the first electrode 6 and the substrate 1. The substrate 1 has a first main surface and a second main surface, and the second main surface has an uneven structure. The electron transport layer 2 has a first main surface and a second main surface, and the first main surface and the second main surface each have an uneven structure. The first photoelectric conversion layer 3 has a first main surface and a second main surface. The second main surface of the substrate 1 faces the first main surface of the electron transport layer 2.

Abstract: A solar cell 100 includes a substrate 1, a first electrode 6, an electron transport layer 2, a first photoelectric conversion layer 3, and a coating layer 5. The first photoelectric conversion layer 3 is disposed between the first electrode 6 and the substrate 1. The substrate 1 has a first main surface and a second main surface, and the second main surface has an uneven structure. The electron transport layer 2 has a first main surface and a second main surface, and the first main surface and the second main surface each have an uneven structure. The first photoelectric conversion layer 3 has a first main surface and a second main surface. The second main surface of the substrate 1 faces the first main surface of the electron transport layer 2.

Abstract: An all-solid-state battery includes a body including a solid electrolyte layer, and an anode layer and a cathode layer alternately stacked with the solid electrolyte layer interposed therebetween. A first external electrode is disposed on one side of the body and includes a first electrode layer and a first conductive resin layer disposed on the first electrode layer, and a second external electrode is disposed on another side of the body and includes a second electrode layer and a second conductive resin layer disposed on the second electrode layer. A protective layer is disposed on an entirety of an external surface of the body free of the first and second electrode layers and on the first and second electrode layers, and at least one opening is included in a region of the protective layer disposed on at least one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

Abstract: The present embodiments provide a semiconductor element comprising a first electrode, an active layer, a second electrode comprising a homogeneous metal layer, and further a barrier layer comprising a transparent metal oxide. The barrier layer is placed between the active layer and the second electrode. The present embodiments also provide a method for manufacturing said semiconductor element.

Abstract: An electrochemical device suited to modifying a carbon dioxide concentration in an interior space includes a cathode chamber with an inlet which receives a feed gas containing carbon dioxide. A reduction catalyst layer in the cathode chamber reduces carbon dioxide in the gas to form an ionic carrier species. An anode chamber with an outlet outputs a gas comprising carbon dioxide. A solid electrolyte membrane spaces the anode chamber from the cathode chamber and transports the ionic carrier species between the cathode chamber and the anode chamber. The membrane includes an ionic liquid. An oxidation catalyst layer in the anode chamber oxidizes the ionic carrier species to form carbon dioxide. A voltage source provides a voltage difference across the membrane.

Abstract: Flow cell systems are provided. Example flow cell systems can include an H+/H2 half-cell and a counterpart Fe3+/Fe2+ or V5+/V4+ half-cell. Flow cell systems can also include a half-cell in fluid communication with an electrolyte regeneration chamber. Embodiments of these flow cells systems can be configured to produce hydrogen through electrolysis. Flow cell battery systems are also disclosed. Example flow cell battery systems can include an H+/H2 analyte; and a counterpart Fe3+/Fe2+ or V5+/V4+ catholyte. Processes for generating hydrogen are also disclosed. Example processes can include generating protons from a Fe3+/Fe2+ or V5+/V4+ electrolyte solution; and reacting the protons with H2O to form H2.

Abstract: A material optical transition analysis method and system are provided, the method includes: determining a dielectric function spectrum of a material to be analyzed, calculating a second derivative spectrum of the dielectric function spectrum related to the excitation light energy, and performing the CP fitting analysis on the second derivative spectrum to obtain a CP analysis result diagram of the material; drawing an energy band structure diagram and a PDOS diagram of the material, and drawing an energy difference diagram between CBs and VBs according to the energy band structure diagram of the material; determining spatial positions of CPs and the corresponding CBs and the VBs according to the CP analysis result diagram of the material and the energy difference diagram between the CBs and the VBs; and finally indicating the CBs and the VBs in the energy band structure diagram, and determining the particle types participating in formation of the CPs in the PDOS diagram to complete the material optical transi

Abstract: Compositions of the invention include metal-based coordination complexes, which are preferably tunable photodynamic compounds. The compositions and complexes are useful as therapeutic agents and as in vivo diagnostic agents for treating or preventing diseases including those that involve hyperproliferating cells in their etiology, such as cancer. Compositions and complexes of the invention are further capable of destroying microbial cells, such as bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, and destroying viruses. The compositions and complexes are also capable of modulating cell function in other ways.

Abstract: An intermediate structure unit for a secondary cell according to the present invention is the intermediate structure unit for a secondary cell having a secondary cell and a test structure unit on a common substrate. Each of the secondary cell and the test structure unit includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer. A plurality of layers are layered at the secondary cell between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The plurality of layers include at least a metal oxide semiconductor layer and a charging layer. A party of the plurality of layers is formed at the test structure unit between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

Abstract: A touch display panel having a display region, a peripheral region surrounding the display region, and a sensing region located between the display region and the peripheral region is provided. The touch display panel includes a pixel array, a touch electrode, an active device, at least one first sensor, at least one second sensor, and a light-shielding layer. The pixel array is located in the display region. The touch electrode located in the sensing region and the pixel array are separated from each other. The active device coupled to the touch electrode is located in the sensing region. The at least one first sensor and the at least one second sensor are located in the sensing region and separated from each other. The light-shielding layer covers the at least one first sensor.

Abstract: The present invention features a solar-to-electric energy conversion device based on a light absorbing electrode coupled to a one-dimensional nanoparticle based photonic crystal. The function of the latter is to localize the incident light within the electrode thus enhancing the optical absorption and the power conversion efficiency of the so called dye-sensitized and organic (polymer based or hybrids) cell. The photonic crystal comprises alternating layers possessing different index of refraction and can be easily integrated into the cell.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for generating and storing electric power in which a microbial solar cell is provided in a sealed container with photosynthetic organisms that generate reactants of the microbial fuel cell and the products of the microbial fuel cell from sunlight received through the container.

Abstract: The invention provides an optoelectronic device comprising: (i) a porous dielectric scaffold material; and (ii) a semiconductor having a band gap of less than or equal to 3.0 eV, in contact with the scaffold material. Typically the semiconductor, which may be a perovskite, is disposed on the surface of the porous dielectric scaffold material, so that it is supported on the surfaces of pores within the scaffold. In one embodiment, the optoelectronic device is an optoelectronic device which comprises a photoactive layer, wherein the photoactive layer comprises: (a) said porous dielectric scaffold material; (b) said semiconductor; and (c) a charge transporting material. The invention further provides the use, as a photoactive material in an optoelectronic device, of: (i) a porous dielectric scaffold material; and (ii) a semiconductor having a band gap of less than or equal to 3.0 eV, in contact with the scaffold material.

Abstract: A photoelectrochemical secondary cell comprising a photocatalytic anode, or photoanode; an anode; a cathode comprising a metal hydride; electrolyte; separator; and case at least a portion of which is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation required by said photoanode to charge said photoelectrochemical secondary cell.

Abstract: The solar fuels generator includes an ionically conductive separator between a gaseous first phase and a second phase. A photoanode uses one or more components of the first phase to generate cations during operation of the solar fuels generator. A cation conduit is positioned provides a pathway along which the cations travel from the photoanode to the separator. The separator conducts the cations. A second solid cation conduit conducts the cations from the separator to a photocathode.

Abstract: A hybrid photoelectrochemical and microbial fuel cell device is provided that includes a single-chamber photoelectrochemical device having an n-type TiO2 photoanode and a Pt counter electrode in an aqueous electrolyte solution, and a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell having an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a cation exchange membrane, where the anode chamber includes a carbon anode and microorganisms and the cathode chamber includes Pt-loaded carbon cathode, the carbon anode is electrically connected to the Pt counter electrode, the carbon cathode is electrically connected to the TiO2 photoanode, a light source creates photoexcited electron-hole pairs at the photoanode, the holes oxidize water into oxygen, where dissolved oxygen in the cathode chamber is reduced, the microorganisms oxidize and produce bioelectrons, where the bioelectrons are transferred to the Pt electrode and reduce protons to form hydrogen gas.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a photoelectric conversion element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a first layer. The second electrode includes a base member and a first material portion. The base member includes a plurality of structure bodies including carbon. The first material portion includes a carrier transport material and is provided between the structure bodies. The photoelectric conversion layer is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. The photoelectric conversion layer includes a material having a perovskite structure. The first layer is provided between the photoelectric conversion layer and the second electrode. The first layer includes the carrier transport material.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery cell includes at least two working electrodes, each including an active material, an inert material, an electrolyte and a current collector, a first separator region arranged between the at least two working electrodes to separate the at least two working electrodes so that none of the working electrodes are electronically connected within the cell, an auxiliary electrode including a lithium reservoir, and a second separator region arranged between the auxiliary electrode and the at least two working electrodes to separate the auxiliary electrode from the working electrodes so that none of the working electrodes is electronically connected to the auxiliary electrode within the cell.

Abstract: A photoelectrode, photovoltaic device and photoelectrochemical cell and methods of making are disclosed. The photoelectrode includes an electrode at least partially formed of FeO combined with at least one of lithium, hydrogen, sodium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, and nickel. The electrode may be doped with at least one of lithium, hydrogen, and sodium. The electrode may be alloyed with at least one of magnesium, manganese, zinc, and nickel.

Abstract: A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer with a coordination catalyst to form a reactive polymer; and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with a nitroso compound.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element, having: an electrically-conductive support; a photoconductor layer having a semiconductor fine-particle layer adsorbed a dye; a charge transfer layer containing an electrolyte; and a counter electrode; which are provided on one side of the support in this order, in which the dye has at least one terdentate ligand having at least one acidic group; at least one ligand coordinating to a metal atom M has an sp2 carbon atom; a cyclic group binds to the sp2 carbon atom; a specific substituent R is substituted at an atom of ?- or ?-position to the atom of the cyclic group directly binding to the sp2 carbon atom; and with the metal atom M, an atom G1 of the ?- or ?-position, and an atom G2 of the substituent R, an angle ? (?MG1G2) is 150° or less.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a back-illuminated imager which has a pinned back surface is disclosed. A first insulator layer is formed overlying a mechanical substrate. A conductive layer is deposited overlying the first insulator layer. A second insulator layer is formed overlying the conductive layer to form a first structure, an interface being formed between the conductive layer and the second insulator layer, the conductive layer causing band bending proximal to the interface such that the interface is electrically pinned. Hydrogen is implanted in a separate device wafer to form a bubble layer. A final insulator layer is formed overlying the device wafer to form a second structure. The first structure and the second structure are bonded to form a combined wafer. A portion of the combined wafer is removed underlying the bubble layer to expose a seed layer comprising the semiconductor material substantially overlying the second insulator layer.

Abstract: A mediator-type photocell system is provided. The mediator-type photocell system includes a galvanic cell having a galvanic cell anode and a galvanic cell cathode; and a light capturing portion, including a light capturing cathode corresponding to the galvanic cell anode; and a light capturing anode electrically connected to the light capturing cathode via a conductive element, and corresponding to the galvanic cell cathode, wherein the galvanic cell cathode and the light capturing anode have a first mediator therebetween, the galvanic cell anode and the light capturing cathode have a second mediator therebetween, an oxide is generated to be provided to the galvanic cell cathode when the first mediator is illuminated, and a reducing substance is generated to be provided to the galvanic cell anode when the second mediator is illuminated.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material layer, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. At least one of the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer contains carbon dioxide and releases the carbon dioxide in the range of 0.1 ml to 10 ml per 1 g when heated at 350° C. for 1 minute.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for effecting a photocatalytic or photoelectrocatalytic reaction of a reactant comprising contacting a metallic material having an electrical conductivity of 105 to 106 S/m with the reactant and exposing the metallic material and the reactant to visible light so as to catalyze the reaction of the reactant.

Abstract: Walkable photovoltaic floor, constituted of pieces of laminated glass composed of at least two layers of glass (1 and 2), joined together by an encapsulant (6), by an intermediate layer of photovoltaic material (3), and by a peripheral sealed frame (4).

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to a nanowire mesh solar fuels generator. In one aspect, a nanowire mesh solar fuels generator includes (1) a photoanode configured to perform water oxidation and (2) a photocathode configured to perform water reduction. The photocathode is in electrical contact with the photoanode. The photoanode may include a high surface area network of photoanode nanowires. The photocathode may include a high surface area network of photocathode nanowires. In some embodiments, the nanowire mesh solar fuels generator may include an ion conductive polymer infiltrating the photoanode and the photocathode in the region where the photocathode is in electrical contact with the photoanode.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are provided for Schottky junction solar cells. In one embodiment, a solar cell includes a mesh layer formed on a semiconductor layer and an ionic layer formed on the mesh layer. The ionic layer seeps through the mesh layer and directly contacts the semiconductor layer. In another embodiment, a solar cell includes a first mesh layer formed on a semiconductor layer, a first metallization layer coupled to the first mesh layer, a second high surface area electrically conducting electrode coupled to the first metallization layer by a gate voltage, and an ionic layer in electrical communication with the first mesh layer and the second high surface area electrically conducting electrode. In another embodiment, a solar cell includes a grid layer formed on a semiconductor layer and an ionic layer in electrical communication with the grid layer and the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A light transmitting substrate having at least a light receiving surface, a first electrode located on the light transmitting substrate, a collector electrode located on at least a part of the first electrode and formed from a metal thin film, a photoelectric conversion portion located on an upper surface of the first electrode or the collector electrode, carrying a photosensitizer, and immersed in a carrier transport material, an insulating frame portion surrounding sides of the photoelectric conversion portion, and a second electrode located to be opposed to the first electrode above the photoelectric conversion portion are provided. Relation of Isc×Rh<0.05×Voc is satisfied, where Isc represents a short-circuit current value of a dye-sensitized solar cell, Rh represents a total value of electrical resistance values of the collector electrode, the first electrode, and the second electrode, and Voc represents an open circuit voltage value of the dye-sensitized solar cell.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide adsorption and release device, which has high adsorptivity, and also consumes low energy upon adsorption and desorption.

Abstract: Provided is a power storage device having a high discharge capacitance and a light-transmitting property. The power storage device includes a first current collector having a net-like planar shape; a first active material layer over the first current collector; a solid electrolyte layer over the first active material layer; a second active material layer over the solid electrolyte layer; and a second current collector over the second active material layer.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a dye solution monitoring device and a dye solution controlling device for a dye-sensitized solar cell, more particularly, to a dye solution monitoring device for a dye-sensitized solar cell comprising a light-absorption device for measuring absorbance of a dye solution for a dye-sensitized solar cell, and a pH measuring device for measuring pH of a dye solution for a dye-sensitized solar cell; and, a dye solution controlling device for a dye-sensitized solar cell further comprising a dye supply device supplying dye of high concentration, and an acid or base supply device for pH control, in addition to the monitoring device. According to the present invention, a dye adsorption process may be optimized in real time to manufacture a solar cell of high quality with high productivity, maximize utilization of expensive dye, and minimize the waste, thereby reducing production cost.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide capture and release includes contacting a gas comprising carbon dioxide with a mixture comprising a precursor and a solvent and reducing the precursor to form a capture agent. The capture agent is reacted with the carbon dioxide to form a non-volatile species containing carbon dioxide. The non-volatile species is oxidized to regenerate the precursor and to release carbon dioxide. The mixture may be formed by combining the precursor and the solvent.

Abstract: Organic dyes and photoelectric conversion devices are provided. The Organic dye has the structure represented by formula (I), wherein, n is an integral of 2-11; the plurality of X is independent and elected from the group consisting of and combinations thereof; R, R1, and R2 comprise hydrogen, halogen, C1-18 alkyl group, C1-18 alkoxy group, C3-18 heteroalkyl group, C3-20 aryl group, C3-20 heteroaryl group, C3-20 cycloaliphatic group or C3-20 cycloalkyl group, or R1 is connected to R2 to form a ring having 5-14 members; R3 comprise hydrogen, halogen, nitro group, amino group, C1-18 alkyl group, C1-18 alkoxy group, C1-18 sulfanyl group, C3-18 heteroalkyl group, C3-20 aryl group, C3-20 heteroaryl group, C3-20 cycloaliphatic group or C3-20 cycloalkyl group; and Z is hydrogen, alkali metal, or quaternary ammonium salt.

Abstract: A solar power generation method involves generating power by irradiating ionized hydrogen water, in which ortho hydrogen molecules or hydrogenated hydrogen with ion binding properties has been dissolved, with light that includes at least waves with a wavelength of 193 nm, and then generating a potential difference between the ionized hydrogen water and water containing cations.

Abstract: A mediator-type photocell system is provided. The mediator-type photocell system includes a galvanic cell having a galvanic cell anode and a galvanic cell cathode; and a light capturing portion, including a light capturing cathode corresponding to the galvanic cell anode; and a light capturing anode electrically connected to the light capturing cathode via a conductive element, and corresponding to the galvanic cell cathode, wherein the galvanic cell cathode and the light capturing anode have a first mediator therebetween, the galvanic cell anode and the light capturing cathode have a second mediator therebetween, an oxide is generated to be provided to the galvanic cell cathode when the first mediator is illuminated, and a reducing substance is generated to be provided to the galvanic cell anode when the second mediator is illuminated.

Abstract: A system and method is presented that uses solar power driven expansion of an electrolytic solution to force the electrolytic solution from a container through at least one pore of an insulator having a fixed surface charge of one polarity into a collection receptacle. The velocities of the cations and anions flowing through the pore differ because of the fixed surface charge of the pore and this produces an electrical charge separation, the streaming potential, as a source of electrical power. Energy absorption spans the full solar spectrum including infrared, visible and near ultraviolet wavelengths.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell including: (a) a housing including an at least partially transparent cell wall having an interior surface; (b) an electrolyte, disposed within the cell wall, and containing an iodide based species; (c) a transparent electrically conductive coating disposed on the interior surface; (d) an anode disposed on the conductive coating, the anode including: (i) a porous film containing titania, the porous film adapted to make intimate contact with the iodide based species, and (ii) a dye, absorbed on a surface of the porous film, the dye and the porous film adapted to convert photons to electrons; (e) a cathode disposed on an interior surface of the housing, and disposed substantially opposite the anode; (f) electrically-conductive metallic wires, disposed at least partially within the cell, the wires electrically contacting the anode and the electrically conductive coating, and (g) a second electrically conductive coating including an inorganic binder and an inorganic electrically conductive fill

Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel cell unit, fuel cell unit array, fuel cell module and fuel cell system that can achieve a reduction in size and costs.

Abstract: A device for reducing carbon dioxide includes a cathode chamber including a cathode electrolyte solution and a cathode electrode, an anode chamber including an anode electrolyte solution and an anode electrode, and a solid electrolyte membrane. The anode electrode includes a nitride semiconductor region on which a metal layer is formed. The metal layer includes at least one of nickel and titanium. A method for reducing carbon dioxide by using a device for reducing carbon dioxide includes steps of providing carbon dioxide into the cathode solution, and irradiating at least part of the nitride semiconductor region and the metal layer with a light having a wavelength of 250 nanometers to 400 nanometers, thereby reducing the carbon dioxide contained in the cathode electrolyte solution.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an enlarged dye sensitized solar cell which has a short-circuit preventing structure while a distance between a transparent conductive oxide and a counter electrode, that is, a cell gap is shortened. The dye sensitized solar cell includes a transparent conductive oxide which includes a transparent substrate and a conductive metal oxide having a light transmission property; a metal grid which is formed on the transparent conductive oxide; a protective film with which the metal grid is coated; a dye-adsorbed semiconductor thin film which is formed on the transparent conductive oxide in which the metal grid is not formed; and a counter electrode substrate, wherein a short-circuit preventing layer is provided in the counter electrode substrate facing the metal grid, and a width formed by a short side of the short-circuit preventing layer is larger than a width formed by the metal grid and protective layer.

Abstract: In exemplary implementations of this invention, a photoelectrode includes a semiconductor for photocarrier generation, and a catalyst layer for altering the reaction rate in an adjacent electrolyte. The catalyst layer covers part of the semiconductor. The thickness of the catalyst layer is less than 60% of its minority carrier diffusion distance. If the photoelectrode is a photoanode, it has an OEP that is more than the potential of the valance band edge but less than the potential of the Fermi level of the semiconductor. If it is a photocathode, it has an RHE potential that is less than the potential of the conduction band edge but more than the potential of the Fermi level of the semiconductor. The absolute value of difference (OEP minus potential of valence band edge, or RHE potential minus potential of conduction band edge) is greater than zero and less than or equal to 0.2V.