Abstract: Electrolyte and lithium secondary batteries containing the same are disclosed. In one instance, the electrolyte includes a lithium salt, a solvent and an additive. In some examples, the additive includes substances A, B and C, wherein substance A is vinylene carbonate, substance B includes at least one of fluorinated or chlorinated ethylene carbonate or diethylene carbonate, and substance C includes at least one of ethylene sulfite, 1,3-propanesultone and propenyl sulfite.

Abstract: The invention provides fluoride ion host electrodes for use in electrochemical cells. These electrodes include carbon nanomaterials having a curved multilayered structure and a film or particles of a metal-based material. The metal-based material may react with fluorine and may be a transition metal such as silver. The invention also provides electrochemical cells in which the fluoride host electrode serves as at least one electrode of the cell.

Abstract: A rolled foil of surface roughened copper as thick as 26 ?m for example having a surface formed into an irregular shape with copper precipitated thereon by an electrolytic method is prepared as a negative electrode collector. Tin (Sn) or germanium (Ge) is deposited on the rolled foil described above, so that a negative electrode active material layer is formed. Note that the deposited tin or germanium is amorphous. The arithmetic mean roughness Ra in the surface-roughened rolled foil described above is preferably not less than 0.1 ?m nor more than 10 ?m. A non-aqueous electrolyte is produced by adding sodium hexafluorophosphate as an electrolyte salt in a concentration of 1 mol/l to a non-aqueous solvent produced by mixing ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate in the ratio of 50:50 by volume.

Abstract: The invention generally encompasses phosphonium ionic liquids and compositions and their use in many applications, including but not limited to: as electrolytes in electronic devices such as memory devices including static, permanent and dynamic random access memory, as battery electrolytes, as a heat transfer medium, fuel cells and electrochromatic devices, among other applications. In particular, the invention generally relates to phosphonium ionic liquids, compositions and molecules possessing structural features, wherein the molecules exhibit superior combination of thermodynamic stability, low volatility, wide liquidus range and ionic conductivity. The invention further encompasses methods of making such phosphonium ionic liquids, compositions and molecules, and operational devices and systems comprising the same.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte solution for lithium-ion secondary batteries comprising a tetraalkylphosphonium salt which improves the cycle characteristics and safety of lithium-ion batteries, and to provide a lithium-ion secondary battery using the electrolyte solution. Disclosed is an electrolyte comprising a tetraalkylphosphonium salt represented by general formula (1) wherein R1 represents a linear, branched or alicyclic alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and R2 represents a linear, branched or alicyclic alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms, provided that R1 and R2 are different from each other and the total number of carbon atoms in the phosphonium cation is 20 or less; and X represents an anion.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of tetraalkylammonium tetrafluoroborate-containing electrolyte compositions characterized in that said process comprises step (i): (i) mixing of at least one tetraalkylammonium halide with at least one metal tetrafluoroborate in at least one organic solvent, which is partially or completely miscible with water.

Abstract: A secondary battery including: an anode including a positive electrode active material; a cathode including a negative electrode active material; a separator interposed between the anode and the cathode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode active material includes a lithium nickel oxide, and the negative electrode active material includes at least one silicon compound selected from the group consisting of silicon, a silicon oxide, and a silicon alloy.

Abstract: A non-aqueous liquid electrolyte secondary battery using negative-electrode active material having Si, Sn and/or Pb, with high charge-capacity, superior characteristics including discharge-capacity retention rate over long is provided. Its non-aqueous liquid electrolyte contains carbonate having unsaturated bond and/or halogen and compounds like LiPF6 and/or LiBF4 (first lithium salt) and lithium salt different from said first one, represented by formula below (second lithium salt).

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing an electrolyte solution for lithium ion batteries, in which lithium hexafluorophosphate is used as an electrolyte, comprising the steps of (a) reacting phosphorus trichloride, chlorine and lithium chloride in a nonaqueous organic solvent; and (b) reacting a reaction product of the step (a) formed in the solvent, with hydrogen fluoride.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to prevent deterioration and expanding of anode active material and to improve charge-discharge cycle characteristics in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising an anode of which current collector has thereon a thin layer of an anode active material containing a metal. To solve this problem, in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery wherein a thin layer of anode active material containing a metal which absorbs and discharges lithium is formed on a current collector and the thin layer of the anode active material is divided into columns by a gap formed along the thickness thereof, a compound represented by the following formula is contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte. A-N?C?O In the above formula, A represents an element or a group other than hydrogen.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery includes a non-aqueous organic solvent; lithium salt; and difluoro oxalato borate and fluoro ethylene carbonate (FEC). The capacity retention property and durability of a lithium ion secondary battery including the electrolyte is excellent even when the battery is left at a high temperature.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to new compositions comprising an, B12FxH12-x? anion that may be prepared chemically or electrochemically by oxidation of B12FxH12-x2? salts. This anion can be generated electrochemically in a voltammetry experiment, or by chemically by treatment of the (2?) anions with powerful oxidants such as XeF2 or NO2(+) salts. The new compositions can be used as 1 electron chemical oxidants and in electrochemical cells such as lithium ion batteries where their fomation at elevated potential can serve to limit the upper limit of voltage during the overcharge of such a cell.

Abstract: A difluorophosphate salt, which is expensive and not readily available, can be produced with a high purity readily and efficiently from inexpensive and readily available materials. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that exhibits low-temperature discharge and heavy-current discharge characteristics and high-temperature preservation and cycle characteristics without impairing the battery safety.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium battery includes a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and an additive comprising a) a compound represented by the following Formula (1), and b) a compound selected from the group consisting of a sulfone-based compound, a poly(ester)(meth)acrylate, a polymer of poly(ester)(meth)acrylate, and a mixture thereof: wherein R1 is a C1 to C10 alkyl, a C1 to C10 alkoxy, or a C6 to C10 aryl, and preferably a methyl, ethyl, or methoxy, X is a halogen, and m and n are integers ranging from 1 to 5, where m+n is less than or equal to 6.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte having improved lithium ion conductivity and excellent voltage resistance is provided. A lithium rechargeable battery and a rechargeable battery system including the inventive non-aqueous electrolyte is also provided. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes at least one aromatic compound which is polymerizable at a working electrode potential of 4.2 to 4.5 V when a lithium metal is used as a counter electrode and platinum is used as a working electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid esters and for further transforming the same into the salts thereof. The invention also relates to the use of the produced compounds in electrolytes, batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors, and galvanic cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aprotic polymer/molten salt ternary mixture solvent and to a corresponding quaternary mixture additionally comprising an ionic conducting salt, which are prepared by mixing the constituents of the mixture. These mixtures are advantageously used in the preparation of electrochemical membranes, electrochemical systems and of electrochromic systems. The invention also relates to electrochemical and electrochromic systems obtained hereby that exhibit, in particular, excellent electrochemical properties at low temperatures.

Abstract: Nonaqueous electrolytes capable of providing a battery having a high capacity and excellent in storability and cycle characteristics are provided. Also provided are nonaqueous-electrolyte batteries produced with the electrolytes. The nonaqueous electrolytes include ones which (1) contains a cyclic carbonate having an unsaturated bond and further contains a fluorinated cyclic carbonate having two or more fluorine atoms, (2) contains an aromatic compound having 7-18 carbon atoms in total and further contains a fluorinated cyclic carbonate having two or more fluorine atoms, (3) contains diethyl carbonate and further contains a fluorinated cyclic carbonate having two or more fluorine atoms, or (4) contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of cyclic sulfonic acid ester compounds, di-sulfonic acid ester compounds, nitrile compounds, and compounds represented by general formula (1) and further contains a fluorinated cyclic carbonate having two or more fluorine atoms.

Abstract: A secondary battery capable of improving the cycle characteristics and the swollenness characteristics is provided. The secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution. The anode includes an anode active material layer having a plurality of fine pores on an anode current collector. The anode active material layer contains an anode active material and an anode binder. A change rate of a mercury intrusion into the plurality of fine pores measured by mercury penetration technique is distributed to show a peak in the pore diameter range from 30 nm to 10000 nm, both inclusive.

Abstract: Electrodes and electrolytes for nickel-zinc secondary battery cells possess compositions that limit dendrite formation and other forms of material redistribution in the zinc electrode. In addition, the electrolytes may possess one or more of the following characteristics: good performance at low temperatures, long cycle life, low impedance and suitability for high rate applications.

Abstract: A primary cell having an anode comprising lithium and a cathode comprising iron disulfide (FeS2) and carbon particles. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent mixture which contains an additive, preferably iodine, suppressing voltage delay. A cathode slurry is prepared comprising iron disulfide powder, carbon, binder, and liquid solvent. The mixture is coated onto a conductive substrate and solvent evaporated leaving a dry cathode coating on the substrate. The anode and cathode can be spirally wound with separator therebetween and inserted into the cell casing with electrolyte then added.

Abstract: A metal halogen electrochemical energy cell system that generates an electrical potential. One embodiment of the system includes at least one cell including at least one positive electrode and at least one negative electrode, at least one electrolyte, a mixing venturi that mixes the electrolyte with a halogen reactant, and a circulation pump that conveys the electrolyte mixed with the halogen reactant through the positive electrode and across the metal electrode. Preferably, the negative electrodes are made of zinc, the metal is zinc, the positive electrodes are made of porous carbonaceous material, the halogen is chlorine, the electrolyte is an aqueous zinc-chloride electrolyte, and the halogen reactant is a chlorine reactant. Also, variations of the system and a method of operation for the systems.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery includes a non-aqueous organic solvent; lithium salt; and difluoro oxalato borate and fluoro ethylene carbonate (FEC). The capacity retention property and durability of a lithium ion secondary battery including the electrolyte is excellent even when the battery is left at a high temperature.

Abstract: There is provided an electric storage device comprising carbonaceous active material-containing positive and negative electrodes, an onium salt-containing nonaqueous electrolyte, and a separator, wherein an electrochemical charge process in the positive electrode shows a sequential charge process having a threshold of a transition voltage and consisting of an adsorption process of anions of the onium salt in a lower voltage range than the transition voltage and an intercalation process of anions of the onium salt in a higher voltage range than the transition voltage. The electric storage device is advantageous in that the electric storage capacity and energy capacity which can be substantially utilizable are large and, at the same time, a charge/discharge cycle is highly reliable.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid esters and for further transforming the same into the salts thereof. The invention also relates to the use of the produced compounds in electrolytes, batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors, and galvanic cells.

Abstract: Provided is a rechargeable lithium-ion cell that contains a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a charge-carrying electrolyte containing a charge carrying medium and a lithium salt, and a triphenylamine compound dissolved in or dissolvable in the electrolyte. The triphenylamine compound has an oxidation potential above the positive electrode recharged potential and serves as a cyclable redox chemical shuttle providing cell overcharge protection. Also provided are methods for manufacturing a rechargeable lithium-ion cell.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode contains a negative electrode mixture containing a binder; and the binder contains polyvinylidene fluoride and polyacrylonitrile, with a mass ratio of polyvinylidene fluoride to polyacrylonitrile ranging from 99.9/0.1 to 95.1/4.9.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nonaqueous electrolyte which comprises a nonaqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt dissolved therein, wherein the nonaqueous organic solvent contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acid anhydrides and carbonic esters having an unsaturated bond, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sulfonic compounds and fluorine-containing aromatic compounds having 9 carbon atoms or less; and a lithium secondary battery employing the same.

Abstract: There is provided a battery device having a high operating voltage and a low capacity degradation rate. The battery device comprising: a positive electrode having at least a positive electrode active material layer and a positive electrode collector; a negative electrode; a separator; and an organic electrolytic solution, wherein the positive electrode active material layer contains non-porous carbon having a specific surface area of 500 m2/g or less as a main component, and a material forming the negative electrode is different from a positive electrode active material, and contains a material capable of storing and releasing an alkali metal ion or an alkaline earth metal ion as a main component.

Abstract: Electrolyte for lithium secondary batteries and battery packs includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent, and an additive. The additive includes two or more members selected from the group consisting of substances A, B and C, wherein A includes one or more fused ring compounds and fused heterocyclic compounds, B includes an alkoxy aromatic compound, and C includes halogenated borane-based salt.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The negative electrode active material of the negative electrode includes a material that is capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions and a metallic material capable of alloying with lithium. The electrolyte includes a chemical compound containing a nitrile (—CN) radical.

Abstract: A composition is provided that includes a ternary electrolyte having a melting point greater than about 150 degree Celsius. The ternary electrolyte includes an alkali metal halide, an aluminum halide and a zinc halide. The amount of the zinc halide present in the ternary electrolyte is greater than about 20 mole percent relative to an amount of the aluminum halide. An energy storage device including the composition is provided. A system and a method are also provided.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of this invention includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode mixture, a negative electrode including a negative electrode mixture, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode mixture includes a material capable of absorbing and desorbing Li and a carbon material. The material capable of absorbing and desorbing Li includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si and Sn, and the amount of the carbon material is 3 to 60% by weight of the negative electrode mixture. At least one of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the non-aqueous electrolyte contains a lithium perfluoroalkylsulfonyl imide represented by the following general formula (1): LiN(CmF2m+1SO2)(CnF2n+1SO2)??(1) where m and n each represent an integer of 1 to 5 and may be m=n. The ratio of the weight of the lithium perfluoroalkylsulfonyl imide to the weight of the carbon material is 10?3 to 10.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode of artificial graphite or natural graphite and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution having an electrolyte dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent, wherein 0.1 to 20 wt. % of a cyclohexylbenzene having a halogen atom bonded to a benzene ring thereof is contained in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution exhibits large electric capacity and excellent cycle performance.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes positive and negative electrodes and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte includes succinic anhydride and at least one of lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate presented in Chemical Formula (1) and lithium bis(oxalate)borate presented in Chemical Formula (2).

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery is disclosed. The non-aqueous electrolyte battery include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The negative electrode includes an anode mixture layer having a volume density of 1.70 to 1.90 g/cm3 prior to being subjected to charge and discharge processes. The anode mixture layer includes mixed particles composed of spherical graphite having an average particle size of 25 to 35 ?m and non-spherical graphite having an average particle size of 8 to 22 ?m.

Abstract: A power storage device of the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte. At least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode includes an organic compound as an active material having a portion contributing to an oxidation-reduction reaction. The organic compound is crystalline in both a charged state and a discharged state.

Abstract: A battery capable of improving the cycle characteristics is provided. The battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution. The anode has an anode active material layer that contains an anode active material containing silicon on an anode current collector, and intensity ratio I1/I2 between peak intensity I1 originated in (220) crystalline plane of silicon obtained by X-ray diffraction and peak intensity I2 originated in (111) crystalline plane of silicon obtained by X-ray diffraction is 0.05 or more.

Abstract: A battery capable of improving the cycle characteristics is provided. The battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution is impregnated in a separator provided between the cathode and the anode. The anode has a coat on an anode active material layer provided on an anode current collector. The coat contains a fluorine resin. A terminal of the fluorine resin is a hydroxyl group or the like capable of being fixed (for example, being absorbed or bound) on the surface of the anode active material layer (anode active material).

Abstract: An aluminum secondary battery exhibiting favorable characteristics is provided. The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising an electrolyte containing Al(CF3SO3)3 and a room temperature molten salt of a quaternary ammonium salt where CF3SO3? is anion, and to an aluminum secondary battery containing that non-aqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: The invention intends to provide a high-capacity type non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that includes a nickel-containing lithium composite oxide as a positive electrode active material and exhibits good charge/discharge cycle characteristics even under a high temperature environment. The invention is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including: a positive electrode including a nickel-containing lithium composite oxide as a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium; a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte including a non-aqueous solvent and a solute dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent. In the nickel-containing lithium composite compound after a discharge to a predetermined cut-off voltage of discharge, the molar ratio r of lithium to the other metal elements than lithium is 0.85 or more and 0.92 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery comprising a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and at least one additive compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formula (1) and derivatives thereof: where R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen radicals, alkyls aryls, cycloalkyls, alkenyls, alkynyls, ester radicals, and aliphatic carbonate radicals. The electrolyte improves both swelling inhibition properties at high temperature and capacity characteristics of a lithium secondary battery.

Abstract: The thin battery has an anode material and a cathode material applied as pastes on one or more separator paper layers there between. The battery also has an aqueous electrolyte solution, binders and additives. The cathode paste furthermore has conductive material at least partly of carbon nanotubes. The thin battery has an anode material and a cathode material applied as pastes on one or more separator paper layers there between. The battery also has an aqueous electrolyte solution, binders and additives. The cathode paste furthermore has a conductive material at least partly of carbon nanotubes. The conductive material can additionally have one or more other allotropes of carbon, such as carbon powder, e.g. graphite powder.

Abstract: A battery capable of improving the cycle characteristics is provided. A current collector containing copper (Cu), in which ratio I(200)/I(111) between intensity I (200) of a peak originated in (200) crystal plane of copper obtained by X-ray diffraction and intensity I (111) of a peak originated in (111) crystal plane thereof is in the range from 0.5 to 1.5.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that allows a good charge/discharge cycle characteristic to be obtained. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the invention includes a negative electrode containing silicon as a negative electrode active material, a positive electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the average particle size of the negative electrode active material is not less than 5 ?m nor more than 20 ?m, and the weight of the negative electrode active material is at least 10% of the weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus are described for batteries including a positive electrode (14), a negative electrode (16), a separator (18), and an electrolyte (20) contacting the positive and negative electrolyte. The negative electrode can include lithium (Li) in the form of a thin sheet. The positive electrode can include an active material such as copper oxide (CuO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), or silver oxide(Ag2O) in the form of powder mixed with adhesive materials and/or conductive materials. The active material powder and the additives can be coated on a thin sheet substrate. The separator can be in the shape of a thin sheet, and is sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, such that the positive electrode and the negative electrode are electrically insulated from each other. The negative electrode, the separator, and the positive electrode can be overlaid on top of each other and rolled to form a cylindrical shape structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are electrochemical cells that include electrodes comprising an electrolyte comprising a vinylene carbonate or a halogenated ethylene carbonate, composite electrodes, and a binder.

Abstract: A material (hereinafter referred to as “positive electrode material”) including sodium manganate powder as a positive electrode active material, carbon black powder as a conductive agent, and polytetrafluoroethylene as a binder is prepared. The positive electrode material is mixed in an N-methylpyrrolidone solution to produce slurry as a positive electrode mixture. A working electrode is produced by applying the slurry on a positive electrode collector. A negative electrode containing tin or germanium is produced. The non-aqueous electrolyte is produced by adding sodium hexafluorophosphate as an electrolyte salt in a non-aqueous solvent produced by mixing ethylenecarbonate and diethyl carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolytic solution exhibiting excellent battery characteristics such as electrical capacity, cycle property and storage property and capable of maintaining the battery characteristics for a long tire, and a lithium secondary battery using the nonaqueous electrolytic solution. A nonaqueous electrolytic solution for a lithium secondary battery, in which an electrolyte salt is dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent, containing 0.1 to 10% by weight of an ethylene carbonate derivative represented by the general formula (I) shown below, and 0.

Abstract: An electrolytic solution capable of suppressing the battery swollenness and improving the battery characteristics such as the charge and discharge efficiency and a battery using it are provided. A cathode (21) and an anode (22) are layered with an electrolyte layer (24) in between. The electrolyte layer (24) is gelatinous, containing the electrolytic solution and a polymer compound. The electrolytic solution contains a compound having proton scavenging capacity such as hexamethylenetetramine and hexaethylenetetramine. Thereby, a free acid such as hydrofluoric acid is scavenged, and decomposition reaction of the electrolytic solution or the like is prevented.