Abstract: A hydrogen absorbing alloy containing at least a rare-earth element, magnesium (Mg), nickel (Ni) and aluminum (Al), having an intensity ratio (IA/IB) of not smaller than 0.6 (where IA represents an intensity of the highest peak in a range of 2?=30°˜34° in the X-ray diffraction pattern using CuK?-radiation as the X-ray source and IB represents the intensity of the highest peak in a range of 2?=40°˜44°), and not substantially including La as the rare-earth element.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a metal air electrochemical cell whereby the anode is encapsulated with a protective layer. The encapsulated metal air anode provides prolonged submersion of anodes in electrolyte, improved metal anode discharge and decreased metal anode corrosion.

Abstract: An uncycled, preconditioned positive metal-oxide or lithium-metal-oxide electrode for a non-aqueous lithium electrochemical cell, the electrode being preconditioned in an aqueous or a non-aqueous solution containing stabilizing cations and anions that are etched into the electrode surface to form a protective layer. Methods of preconditioning the electrodes are disclosed as are electrochemical cells and batteries containing the electrodes.

Abstract: An activated electrode for a non-aqueous electrochemical cell is disclosed with a precursor of a lithium metal oxide with the formula xLi2MnO3.(1?x)LiMn2?yMyO4 for 0<x<1 and 0?y<1 in which the Li2MnO3 and LiMn2?yMyO4 components have layered and spinel-type structures, respectively, and in which M is one or more metal cations. The electrode is activated by removing lithia, or lithium and lithia, from the precursor. A cell and battery are also disclosed incorporating the disclosed positive electrode.

Abstract: A battery includes a cathode having an oxide containing one or more metals and pentavalent bismuth, an anode including lithium, a separator between the cathode and the anode, and an electrolyte. The metal(s) can be an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, and/or a main group metal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a positive electrode active material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery containing at least a lithium-transition metal composite oxide of a spinel structure, in which at least one kind of element which may become tetravalent exists on at least a surface of the lithium-transition metal composite oxide, and concentration of the element which may become tetravalent on the surface of the lithium-transition metal composite oxide is higher than concentration of the element which may become tetravalent inside the lithium-transition metal composite oxide. A use of this positive electrode active material can improve cycle characteristics and high rate characteristics without reducing the charge-discharge capacity of the lithium-transition metal composite oxide.

Abstract: Method of synthesis for a material made of particles having a core and a coating and/or being connected to each other by carbon cross-linking, the core of these particles containing at least one compound of formula LixM1?yM?y(XO4)n, in which x,y and n are numbers such as 0?x?2, 0?y?0.6 and 1?n?1.5, M is a transition metal, M? is an element with fixed valency, and the synthesis is carried out by reaction and bringing into equilibrium the mixture of precursors, with a reducing gaseous atmosphere, in such a way as to bring the transition metal or metals to the desired valency level, the synthesis being carried out in the presence of a source of carbon called carbon conductor, which is subjected to pyrolysis. The materials obtained have excellent electrical conductivity as well as very improved chemical activity.

Abstract: An electrochemically active material resulting from substituting a portion of the nickel in a single-phase composite oxide of nickel and lithium of the LiNiO2 type, characterized in that the active material satisfies the formula: Li(M1(1-a-b-c)LiaM2bM3c)O2 in which: 0.02<a?0.25; 0?b<0.30; 0?c<0.30; (a+b+c)<0.50; M3 is at least one element selected from Al, B, and Ga; M2 is at least one element selected from Mg and Zn; and M1=Ni(1-x-y-z)CoxMnyM4z in which M4 is at least one element selected from Fe, Cu, Ti, Zr, V, Ga, and Si; and 0?x<0.70; 0.10?y<0.55; 0?z<0.30; and 0.20<(1-x-y-z); b+c+z>0; and in that said active material, regardless of its state of charge, satisfies the relationship: 0.40<R<0.90, where: R=(1-a-b-c)*[3-[(nU/nMA+dox)/(4-2b-3c)]*(2-b-2c)] in which: nU is the lithium content expressed in moles; nMA is the sum of the contents of Ni, Mn, Co, and M4 expressed in moles; and dox is the overall degree of oxidation of M1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a negative active material for a lithium rechargeable battery and a method of preparing the same, and the negative active material prepared by coating a carbon source with a coating liquid, and drying the carbon source, and the negative active material comprises a core having a carbon source with surface-treatment layer formed on the surface of the core, the surface-treatment layer having at least one compound of coating element selected from the group cosnsisting of amorphous, semi crystalline, or crystalline hydroxides, oxyhydroxides, oxycarbonates, and hydroxidecarbonates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery comprising an overdischarge-preventing agent. Particularly, the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery comprising an overdischarge-preventing agent having superior effects for an overdischarge test and showing 90% or more capacity recovery after the test, by introducing lithium nickel oxide into a cathode for a lithium secondary battery comprising a lithium transition metal oxide capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions as an overdischarge-preventing agent to supply lithium ions such that irreversible capacity of an anode can be compensated or better, thereby lowering voltage of a cathode first to prevent voltage increase of an anode during the overdischarge test.

Abstract: A cathode active material capable of further improving chemical stability, a method of manufacturing the cathode active material, and a battery using the cathode active material are provided. The cathode includes a cathode active material in which a coating layer made of a compound including Li, at least one selected from Ni and Mg, and O is arranged on complex oxide particles represented by Li1+xCo1?yMyO2?z, where M is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Mg, Al, B, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, W, Zr, Y, Nb, Ca and Sr, and the values of x, y and z are within a range of ?0.10?x?0.10, 0?y<0.50 and ?0.10?z?0.20, respectively. A surface layer made of an oxide including at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Ti, Si, Mg and Zr is formed on the coating layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel battery having a first electrode comprising an electrode active material represented by the general formula AaMb(XY4)2Zd, a second electrode which is a counter-electrode to the first electrode; and an electrolyte.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes, as generating elements, a positive electrode 11 which comprises, as a positive electrode, lithium nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide (LiNixCoyMnzO2) which can intercalate and deintercalate lithium ions or the mixture of lithium nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide (LiNixCoyMnzO2) and lithium manganese oxide whose amount is 0 to 50% by mass relative to the whole amount of the positive electrode active material, a negative electrode 12 which comprises a negative electrode active material which can intercalate and deintercalate lithium ions, and a nonaqueous electrolyte are provided. To the positive electrode 11, 5 to 20% by mass of lithium cobalt oxide relative to the whole amount of the positive electrode active material is added.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode including a lithium composite oxide represented by the general formula (1): LixM1-yLyO2 (0.85?x?1.25 and 0?y?0.50; M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni and Co; and L is at least one selected from the group of alkaline earth elements, transition elements other than Ni and Co, rare earth elements, and elements of Group IIIb and Group IVb). The lithium composite oxide is treated with a coupling agent having a plurality of hydrolyzable groups, and the remaining hydrolyzable group is inactivated.

Abstract: An all-solid-state battery having a high output power and a long life, exhibiting high safety, and being produced at a low cost is provided. The all-solid-state battery has a cathode comprising a cathode material, an anode comprising an anode material, and a solid electrolyte layer comprising a solid electrolyte, wherein the cathode material, the anode material, and the solid electrolyte are a compound shown by the following formulas (1), (2), and (3), respectively: MaN1bX1c ??(1) MdN2eX2f ??(2) MgN3hX3i ??(3) wherein M represents H, Li, Na, Mg, Al, K, or Ca and X1, X2, and X3 are polyanions, each of N1 and N2 is at least one atom selected from the group consisting of transition metals, Al, and Cu, and N3 is at least one atom selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ge, Hf, Zr, Al, Cr, Ga, Fe, Sc, and In.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a current collector, a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is provided on the current collector and includes at least any one of alkaline metals and alkaline earth metals. The second layer is provided on the first layer, and includes an active material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions having a barrier function of blocking ingress of gas.

Abstract: The invention provides a closed type battery comprising a battery element covered with a covering film and a heat fusion seal portion formed by heat fusion on a periphery of the covering film, wherein the cleaving strength upon an internal pressure rise of a seal portion positioned between a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal is larger than that of any other seal portion, and a safety valve adapted to release pressure upon a battery's internal pressure rise is located at a portion other than said inter-terminal seal portion. The invention also provides an assembled battery wherein a plurality of closed type batteries are stacked one upon another while a safety valve adapted to release pressure upon an increase in the internal pressure of the battery is located at a position in no contact with the covering film surface of an adjoining battery.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery including: (a) a positive electrode capable of charging and discharging lithium; (b) a negative electrode capable of charging and discharging lithium; (c) a separator or a lithium ion conductive layer interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and (d) a lithium ion conductive non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode contains a mixture of a first positive electrode active material and a second positive electrode active material, the first positive electrode active material includes lithium oxide containing manganese, the lithium oxide further contains aluminum and/or magnesium, and the second positive electrode active material includes LixCo1-y-zMgyAlzO2 where 1?x?1.03, 0.005?y?0.1 and 0.001?z<0.02.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte battery which comprises a positive electrode including carbon fluoride or sulfur as an active material, a negative electrode including calcium as an active material, and an electrolyte including an imide salt of calcium or a sulfonic acid salt of calcium.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including: an electrode group in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are spirally wound with a separator interposed therebetween; and a non-aqueous electrolyte including a non-aqueous solvent and a lithium salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent, the positive electrode including a positive electrode material mixture layer containing a nickel-containing lithium composite metal oxide, wherein a product of A and B equals 150 to 350, A equals 15 to 20%, and B equals 8 to 25%, where A (%) represents a porosity of the positive electrode material mixture layer, and B (%) represents a volume percentage of ethylene carbonate in the non-aqueous solvent.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including: an electrode group in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are spirally wound with a separator interposed therebetween; and a non-aqueous electrolyte including a non-aqueous solvent and a lithium salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent, the positive electrode including a positive electrode material mixture layer containing a nickel-containing lithium composite metal oxide, wherein a product of A and B equals 150 to 350, A equals 15 to 20%, and B equals 10 to 25%, where A (%) represents a porosity of the positive electrode material mixture layer, and B (%) represents a volume percentage of ethylene carbonate in the non-aqueous solvent.

Abstract: An assembled battery comprises mainly multiple non-aqueous secondary cells A and at least one electric device B for voltage detection containing a non-aqueous electrolyte connected to the multiple non-aqueous secondary cells A in series. When a difference in the non-aqueous secondary cell A between a voltage per cell (VA1) at a depth of discharge of 25% and a voltage per cell (VA2) at a depth of discharge of 75% is designated as ?VA, and a difference in the electric device B between a voltage per cell (VB1) at a depth of discharge equivalent to the depth of discharge of 25% of the non-aqueous secondary cell A and a voltage per cell (VB2) at a depth of discharge equivalent to the depth of discharge of 75% of the non-aqueous secondary cell A is designated as ?VB, the ?VB of electric device B is greater than the ?VA of non-aqueous secondary cell A.

Abstract: An electrode material comprising a powdery mixture of a metal material (particularly, an intermetallic compound) and a capacitive carbon material each capable of doping and dedoping lithium, and an optionally added fine electroconductive additive, and containing the metal material and the capacitive carbon material in amounts of 5-60 wt. % and 40-95 wt. %, respectively, is used as an active substance for an electrode, particularly a negative electrode, of a non-aqueous solvent secondary cell. As a result, there is provided a non-aqueous solvent secondary cell which has large charge-discharge capacities, a small irreversible capacity determined as a difference between the doping capacity and the de-doping capacity, and also excellent cycle characteristics.

Abstract: There is provided a C12A7 compound capable of selectively and reversibly clathrating X? ions, such as active oxygen radicals, with improved controllability. The C12A7 compound clathrating OH? ions and On? at a concentration of 2×1019 cm?3 or less can be prepared by subjecting a mixed material containing Ca and Al to a solid phase reaction at a firing temperature not lower than 1200° C. and lower than 1449° C. in a dry oxygen atmosphere having an oxygen partial pressure of 0.1 atm or more and a water vapor partial pressure of 10?3 atm or less, keeping the resultant product at a temperature of 1200° C. or higher, and cooling rapidly. The C12A7 compound is heat-treated to clathrate OH? ions at a concentration of 2×1019 cm?3 or less, and On? at a high concentration of more than 2×1019 cm?3. The compound can reversibly clathrate or release On? ion radicals through the elevation or lowering of the temperature thereof in a temperature range of 300 to 850° C.

Abstract: A battery with a high capacity and superior cycle characteristics, and an anode active material used for it are provided. An anode active material contains tin as a first element, a second element, and a third element. The second element is at least one from the group consisting of boron, carbon, aluminum, and phosphorus, and the third element is at least one from the group consisting of silicon, magnesium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, silver, indium, cerium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, and bismuth. The content of the second element in the anode active material is from 9.8 wt % to 49 wt %.

Abstract: Granular secondary particles of a lithium-manganese composite oxide suitable for use in non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries showing high-output characteristics which are granular secondary particles made up of aggregated crystalline primary particles of a lithium-manganese composite oxide and have many micrometer-size open voids therein with a defined average diameter and total volume of open voids. A process for producing the granular secondary particles which includes spray-drying a slurry of at least a manganese oxide, a lithium source, and an agent for open-void formation to thereby granulate the slurry and then calcining the granules.

Abstract: An electrode material for an anode of a rechargeable lithium battery, containing a particulate comprising an amorphous Sn.A.X alloy with a substantially non-stoichiometric ratio composition. For said formula Sn.A.X, A indicates at least one kind of an element selected from a group consisting of transition metal elements, X indicates at least one kind of an element selected from a group consisting of O, F, N, Mg, Ba, Sr, Ca, La, Ce, Si, Ge, C, P, B, Pb, Bi, Sb, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Zn, Be, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, As, Se, Te, Li and S, where the element X is not always necessary to be contained. The content of the constituent element Sn of the amorphous Sn.A.X alloy is Sn/(Sn+A+X)=20 to 80 atomic %.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery comprising: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material and a binder, the positive electrode active material comprising a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the chemical formula: Lia(Co1-x-yMgxMy)bOc where M is at least one selected from Ni, Mn and Al, 0?a?1.05, 0.005?x?0.025, 0?y?0.25, 0.85?b?1.1, and 1.8?c?2.1.

Abstract: A cathode active material for a secondary battery including a lithium-manganese composite oxide having a spinel structure and represented by the following general formula (I), Lia(MxMn2-x-y-zYyAz)(O4-wZw) (I), wherein 0.5?x?1.2, 0?y, 0?z, x+y+z<2, 0?a?1.2 and 0?w?1; M contains at least Co and may further contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Fe, Cr and Cu; Y is at least one element selected lo from the group consisting of Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, K and Ca; A is at least one of Ti and Si; and Z is at least one of F and Cl. When the cathode active material for the secondary battery is used as the cathode for the a secondary battery, a higher operating can be realized while suppressing the reliability reduction such as the capacity decrease after the cycles and the deterioration of the crystalline structure at a higher temperature.

Abstract: Batteries are disclosed. In some embodiments, a battery has a cathode that includes CuxMyOzXt, where M is a metal, X includes one or more halides and/or nitrate, x+y is from about 6.8 to about 7.2, and z and t are selected so that the copper in CuxMyOzXt has a formal oxidation state of +2 or greater.

Abstract: A method of producing a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a raw material mixture, comprising “nx” mol of magnesium, “ny” mol of an element M where the element M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Sr, Mn, Ni and Ca, “n(1?x?y)” mol of cobalt and “nz” mol of lithium, such that the values n, x, y and z satisfy 0<n, 0.97?(1/z)?1, 0.005?x?0.1, and 0.001?y?0.03; and (b) baking the raw material mixture in an oxidization atmosphere at 1000 to 1100° C.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode comprises a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent and a binder, the positive electrode active material comprises a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the formula Lia(Co1?x?yMgxMy)bOc, where M is at least one selected from Ni and Al, 0?a?1.05, 0.03?x?0.15, 0?y?0.25, 0.85?b?1.1 and 1.8?c?2.1, and the amount of the conductive agent contained in the positive electrode is not more than 3.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery comprising a material mixture layer comprising a carbonaceous material comprising a spherical natural graphite and a graphitized carbon fiber, wherein the material mixture layer has a carbon density of not less than 1.6 g/cm3; the spherical natural graphite has: (1) an interplanar spacing d002 between the (002) planes determined by an X-ray diffraction pattern of 0.3354 to 0.3357 nm, (2) a mean particle circularity of not less than 0.86, and (3) a mean particle size of 5 to 20 ?m; the graphitized carbon fiber has: (1) a mean fiber length of 20 to 200 ?m, and (2) a mean aspect ratio of 2 to 10; and the amount of the graphitized carbon fiber is 50 to 90% by weight of whole of the carbonaceous material.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery includes an cathode having an cathode mixture layer containing an cathode active material; an anode having an anode mixture layer containing an anode active material which includes a first active material and/or a second active material, where the first active material includes a metal, alloy or compound capable of react with lithium, and the second active material includes a carbonaceous material; and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution. By allowing the anode to contain the first active material in a predetermined amount, and by controlling the packing ratio of the anode mixture layer, the anode is successfully prevented from being degraded due to expansion-and-shrinkage of the anode active material in response to the charge/discharge cycle, and thus degradation of the charge/discharge characteristics of the battery is suppressed.

Abstract: A negative electrode material and a battery which have an excellent cycle characteristic as well as a high capacity are provided. A positive electrode housed in an exterior can and a negative electrode housed in an exterior cup are laminated with a separator therebetween. An electrolytic solution of lithium salt dissolved in a solvent is poured into the inside of both the exterior can and the exterior cup. The negative electrode contains Mg2?xMIIxMI. MI expresses a first element such as Si, Sn, Ge, Pb, or the like. MII expresses a second element which is a metallic element, preferably Mn, Cu, Zn, or the like except both Mg and the first element. X is preferably in the range of 0.1?x?1.9. Substituting part of Mg by the second element MII can produce the distortion of the crystal structure, ease distortion accompanying the occluding/releasing lithium, and improve the charge and discharge efficiency and the cycle characteristic.

Abstract: Electrode active materials comprising lithium or other alkali metals, a transition metal, and a phosphate or similar moiety, of the formula: Aa+xMbP1?xSixO4 wherein (a) A is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, and mixtures thereof, and 0<a<1.0 and 0?x?1; (b) M comprises one or more metals, comprising at least one metal which is capable of undergoing oxidation to a higher valence state, where 0<b?2; and wherein M, a, b, and x are selected so as to maintain electroneutrality of said compound.

Abstract: A nickel electrode for an alkaline storage battery in which an active material mainly containing nickel hydroxide is applied to a porous sintered nickel substrate, wherein a layer containing at least one hydroxide of an element selected from a group consisting of Ca, Sr, Sc, Y, lanthanoid, and Bi is formed on a surface of the active material thus applied to the sintered nickel substrate, or between the sintered nickel substrate and the active material.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the invention comprises a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material including lithium containing composite oxide having a layer crystal structure represented by a general formula of LixMnaCobMcO2 (0.9?X?1.1, 0.45?a?0.55, 0.45?b?0.55, 0<c?0.05 and 0.9<a+b+c?1.1 are set and M is at least one kind selected from Al, Mg, Sn, Ti and Zr), a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ion, a separator for separating the positive electrode from the negative electrode, and a nonacqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: Batteries and methods of making batteries are disclosed. In some embodiments, a battery includes a housing, a positive electrode comprising a copper material in the housing, a negative electrode in the housing, a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution comprising soluble aluminum in the housing. A method of making a battery can include providing a positive electrode comprising a copper material into a housing, adding a material comprising aluminum to an electrolytic solution, and adding the electrolytic solution into the housing.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a non-aqueous lithium cell comprising a LiMn2?xMxO4 spinel structure in which M is one or more metal cations with an atomic number less than 52, such that the average oxidation state of the manganese ions is equal to or greater than 3.5, and in which 0?x?0.15, having one or more lithium spine oxide LiM?2O4 or lithiated spinel oxide Li1+yM?2O4 compounds on the surface thereof in which M? are cobalt cations and in which 0?y?1.

Abstract: A particulate positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary cell which satisfies high charge and discharge cyclic durability, high safety, high temperature storage properties, a high discharge average voltage, large current discharge properties, a high weight capacity density, a high volume capacity density, etc. in a well-balanced manner is provided. A particulate positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary cell, which is represented by the formula LipCoxMyOzFa (wherein M is at least one element selected from Groups 2 to 8, 13 and 14 of the Periodic Table, 0.9?p?1.1, 0.980?x?0.9999, 0.0001?y?0.02, 1.9?z?2.1, 0.9?x+y?1 and 0.0001?a?0.02), wherein fluorine atoms and element M are unevenly distributed on the particle surface, the atomic ratio of fluorine atoms to cobalt atoms (a/x) is from 0.0001 to 0.02, and in powder X-ray diffraction using CuK?-ray, the half value width of the angle of diffraction on (110) plane is from 0.06 to 0.

Abstract: A battery for electrical appliances that consume low voltage battery has a body containing a fluid material that is composed of active carbon and water therein, two conductive rods functioning as the opposite electrodes of the battery and extending into the body, and a water receptacle attached to the body. Water stored in the receptacle is able to be drawn into the body via a water absorbent bar to react with the two conductive rods. With such an arrangement, a chemical reaction of the two electrodes and water generates electricity to provide to an electrical appliance.

Abstract: A vehicle drive system powered by a hybrid fuel cell including at least one cathode, at least one anode, and at least one auxiliary electrode. The auxiliary electrode works in combination with the anode to provide a current as a rechargeable battery while the anode and cathode work in combination to provide an electrical current as a fuel cell. The cathode and the auxiliary electrode may operate alone or in tandem to provide an electrical current.

Abstract: An electrode including a current collector and active material layers stacked on the current collector, and a lithium battery using the electrode. In the electrode, the active material layers include a complex binder having a fluorinated polymer and mesophase SiO2 particles homogenously combined therein.

Abstract: A hybrid fuel cell/battery including at least one cathode, at least one anode, and at least one auxiliary electrode. The auxiliary electrode works in combination with the anode to provide a current as a rechargeable battery while the anode and cathode work in combination to provide an electrical current as a fuel cell. The cathode and the auxiliary electrode may operate alone or in tandem to provide an electrical current.

Abstract: A cathode active material for a lithium secondary cell used in a cellular phone is disclosed. The cathode active material for the lithium secondary cell and the method the same having a high capacity and a long lifetime, different from LiCoO2 and LiMn2O4, Li(Ni, Co)O2, and V-system oxide that has been researched as the active material for substituting LiCoO2 are provided. The cathode active material for the lithium secondary cell in the next formula 1 is obtained by heating or chemically treating diadochite [Fe2(PO4)(SO4)(OH).6H2O] that is the mineral containing PO43?, SO42?, and OH?. LiaFebMc(PO4)x(SO4)y(OH)z ??(1) In the formula, M is at least one element selected from a radical consisting of Mg, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, and Si, with 0?a, c?0.5, 1?b?2, 0.5?x, y, z?1.5.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery containing a lithium-containing composite metal oxide having a composition represented by: Li1+yM1?y?zM1zPO4 where M is at least one of Co and Ni, and M1 is at least one of Mg, Zr and Al, the molar ratio y is larger than 0 and smaller than 0.5, and the molar ratio z is larger than 0 and not larger than 0.5 is provided.

Abstract: A positive active material for rechargeable lithium batteries includes an active material component processed from a manganese-based compound. The transition metal compound is selected from LixMnO2, LixMnF2, LixMnS2, LixMnO2-zFz, LixMnO2-zSz, LixMn1-yMyO2, LixMn1-yMyF2, LixMn1-yMyS2, LixMn1-yMyO2-zFz, LixMn1-yMyO2-zSz, LixMn2O4, LixMn2F4, LixMn2O4-zFz, LixMn2O4-zSz, LixMn2-yMyO4, LixMn2-yMyF4, LixMn2-yMyS4, LixMn2-yMyO4-zFz, or LixMn2-yMyO4-zSz where 0<x?1.5, 0.05?y?0.3, z?1.0 and M is selected from Al, Co, Cr, Mg, Fe or La. A metallic oxide is coated on the active material component.

Abstract: A positive active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is provided comprising lithium manganese oxide having such a spinel structure that the half-width (2?) of the reflection peak corresponding to 440 plane as determined by X-ray diffractometry using CuK? ray is not greater than 0.145°. The use of this positive active material makes it possible to obtain a secondary battery which exhibits a good cycle life performance at room temperature and high temperatures and a reduced capacity drop when stored at high temperatures.

Abstract: A composition suitable for use as a cathode material of a lithium battery includes a core material having an empirical formula LixM?zNi1?yM?yO2. “x” is equal to or greater than about 0.1 and equal to or less than about 1.3. “y” is greater than about 0.0 and equal to or less than about 0.5. “z” is greater than about 0.0 and equal to or less than about 0.2. M? is at least one member of the group consisting of sodium, potassium, nickel, calcium, magnesium and strontium. M? is at least one member of the group consisting of cobalt, iron, manganese, chromium, vanadium, titanium, magnesium, silicon, boron, aluminum and gallium. A coating on the core has a greater ratio of cobalt to nickel than the core. The coating and, optionally, the core can be a material having an empirical formula Lix1Ax2Ni1?y1?z1Coy1Bz1Oa. “x1” is greater than about 0.1 a equal to or less than about 1.3. “x2,” “y1” and “z1” each is greater than about 0.0 and equal to or less than about 0.2. “a” is greater than 1.5 and less than about 2.1.