Abstract: Provided is a composition for forming an active material composite that gives an active material composite that can be used for an electrode in a lithium ion secondary battery and the like and that can improve battery cycle and rate characteristics. A composition for forming an active material composite comprising at least one active material selected from a metal, a metalloid, a metal alloy, a metal oxide, a metalloid oxide, a metal phosphate, a metal sulfide, and a metal nitride, a conductive material, a solvent, and at least one dispersant selected from a vinyl polymer comprising a pendant oxazoline group and a triarylamine-based hyperbranched polymer.

Abstract: A multi-electrolyte battery, that may include an anode, a cathode, a solid electrolyte positioned between the anode and the cathode, current carriers that comprises an anode current carrier and a cathode current carrier; and at least one other electrolyte. The anode current carrier and the cathode current carrier comprise two external portions that extends outside the anode. The solid electrolyte is sealingly coupled to the two external portions of at least one of the current carriers to define at least one sealed electrolyte, the at least one sealed electrolyte belongs to the at least one other electrolyte.

Abstract: A composite solid electrolyte for a solid-state electrochemical cell is provided. The electrolyte may include a plurality of aramid nanofibers, such as a branched aramid nanofiber network, an ionically conductive polymer, such as poly(ethylene oxide) or quaternary ammonia functionalized polyvinyl alcohol (QAFPVA), and an optional divalent ion salt. The electrolyte is particularly suitable for use with zinc ions, where the divalent ion salt may comprise zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate Zn(CF3SO3)2. An electrochemical cell or battery is provided incorporating such a composite solid electrolyte that cycles ions, such as zinc ions or hydroxide ions, suppresses or minimizes dendrite formation, while having good ionic conductivity and being flexible. This flexibility provides the ability to create deformations in the electrochemical cell, such as protrusions and recesses that may define a corrugated pattern.

Abstract: A multi-phase electrolyte film includes a first phase comprising a metal oxide, wherein the metal oxide is amorphous, crystalline, or a glass; and a second phase comprising a lithium salt having a decomposition temperature in air of greater than 200° C. or a lithium halide. The first phase is dispersed in the second phase and has an average particle size of 5 to 200 nanometers. Methods for the manufacture of the electrolyte film are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a technique relating to a functional layer for an electrochemical device that has excellent process adhesiveness and heat resistance and enables good electrolyte solution injectability. The functional layer contains inorganic particles and a particulate polymer. In this functional layer, a proportion of area occupied by the inorganic particles per unit area of a surface of the functional layer in plan view of the surface of the functional layer is more than 90%, the particulate polymer has a volume-average particle diameter of not less than 1.0 ?m and not more than 10.0 ?m, and the volume-average particle diameter of the particulate polymer is larger than the thickness of an inorganic particle layer.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate generally to devices, systems and methods of producing high energy density batteries having a semi-solid cathode that is thicker than the anode. An electrochemical cell can include a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode current collector and an ion-permeable membrane disposed between the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector. The ion-permeable membrane is spaced a first distance from the positive electrode current collector and at least partially defines a positive electroactive zone. The ion-permeable membrane is spaced a second distance from the negative electrode current collector and at least partially defines a negative electroactive zone. The second distance is less than the first distance.

Abstract: Secondary batteries and methods of manufacture thereof are provided. A secondary battery can comprise an offset between electrode and counter-electrode layers in a unit cell. Secondary batteries can be prepared by removing a population of negative electrode subunits from a negative electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet comprising a negative electrode sheet edge margin and at least one negative electrode sheet weakened region that is internal to the negative electrode sheet edge margin, removing a population of separator layer subunits from a separator sheet, and removing a population of positive electrode subunits from a positive electrode sheet, the positive electrode sheet comprising a positive electrode edge margin and at least one positive electrode sheet weakened region that is internal to the positive electrode sheet edge margin, and stacking members of the negative electrode subunit population, the separator layer subunit population and the positive electrode subunit population.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery capable of enhancing safety and test reliability. According to one embodiment, disclosed is a secondary battery comprising: an electrode assembly in which a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate are alternately stacked; and a case for accommodating the electrode assembly, wherein the first electrode plate includes an outer electrode plate located at the outermost part of the electrode assembly, and an inner electrode plate located inside the electrode assembly, and the outer electrode plate is smaller than the inner electrode plate and the second electrode plate.

Abstract: Provided are a lithium primary battery in which a structure of an electrode closely related to output characteristics of the battery is improved to expand a reaction area, thus improving the output characteristics of the battery, and a method for manufacturing the lithium primary battery.

Abstract: A pouch type secondary battery in which an electrode lead of the pouch type secondary battery and an electrode lead of an adjacent different pouch type secondary battery are welded together to construct a battery module is provided. The electrode lead of the pouch type secondary battery includes a length extended part so that, after cutting a welded part of the electrode leads of the pouch type secondary battery and the adjacent different pouch type secondary battery to form electrode leads of remaining length, the electrode leads of remaining length are welded together again. A battery module and method of reusing the battery module are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a composition for a functional layer capable of forming a functional layer that can both inhibit post-cycling swelling of a secondary battery and increase charge carrier acceptance of the secondary battery at low temperatures. The composition for a functional layer contains non-conductive inorganic particles, a solvent, and a block copolymer including a block region formed of an aromatic vinyl monomer unit and a block region formed of either or both of an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer unit having a carbon number of 5 or more and a hydrogenated aliphatic conjugated diene monomer unit having a carbon number of 5 or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for repairing a waste silicon-carbon material which relates to the technical field of secondary batteries. The method for repairing a waste silicon-carbon material includes the following steps: (1) pretreating the waste silicon-carbon material to obtain a powdery mixture; (2) mixing the powdery mixture obtained in step (1) with an metal-organic framework compound, and washing and drying the mixture to obtain a black powder; and (3) mixing the black powder obtained in step (2) with graphite, calcining the mixture in an acetylene atmosphere, and subjecting the calcined product to vapor deposition, cooling, washing and drying to obtain a silicon-carbon material.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a battery includes an external container, an electrode group, and a sealing plate. The electrode group includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode wound in a flat shape with an insulating layer interposed therebetween. Thicknesses TE of the positive and negative electrodes are each from 0.03 mm to 0.08 mm. A first direction is orthogonal to a winding axis direction of the electrode group. A second direction is parallel to the winding axis direction. The thicknesses TE of each electrode, a thickness TW of the electrode group in the third direction orthogonal to the first and second directions, and an innermost circumferential height HIC of the electrode group in the first direction satisfy 0.02?(TE×TW)/HIC?0.04.

Abstract: This application provides a separator, an electrical apparatus containing such separator, and preparation methods thereof. The separator includes a coating layer containing an organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound and provides improved performance in a number of aspects, and the organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound is formed by periodically assembling, along at least one spatial direction, basic units expressed by formula I, Lx(MaCb)y·Az. This application further provides a battery and electrical device containing such separator, preparation methods thereof, organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound for improving performance of a separator.

Abstract: Provided is a composite layer of graphene sheets and anode particles being dispersed in a conducting polymer network for a lithium battery anode (negative electrode), the layer comprising a mixture of a conducting polymer network, multiple graphene sheets, and multiple particles of an anode active material, wherein the anode particles have a diameter or thickness from 0.5 nm to 20 ?m and occupy from 30% to 98% by weight, the graphene sheets occupy from 0.01% to 25% by weight, and the conducting polymer network occupies from 1% to 30% by weight based on the total mixture weight and wherein the graphene sheets and the conducting polymer network together form dual conducting pathways for both electrons and lithium ions.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for suppressing thermal runaway of lithium batteries, which is included a step of providing a lithium battery capable of performing charging and discharging, which includes an electrochemical reaction system. When the temperature of the lithium battery reaches to a predetermined temperature, a metal ion (A) and an amphoteric metal ion (B) are applied to the positive active material layer and the negative active material layer of the lithium battery to passivate the positive active material layer and the negative active material layer. The metal ion (A) is selected from a non-lithium alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion or a combination thereof to prevent the thermal runaway from occurring.

Abstract: Provided is highly elastic polymer composite binder composition for use in an anode or cathode of a lithium battery, the composition comprising a polymerizing or cross-linking liquid precursor and a 0.01%-50% by weight of a conductive reinforcement material dispersed in the liquid precursor, wherein the liquid precursor is capable of chemically bonding to an anode active material or cathode active material in the lithium battery upon completion of polymerization or cross-linking reactions to form a high-elasticity polymer and the resulting high-elasticity polymer has a recoverable tensile strain from 5% to 700% when measured without the conductive reinforcement dispersed in the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is preferably directed to a polylactam ceramic coating for a microporous battery separator for a lithium ion secondary battery and a method of making this formulation and application of this formulation to make a coated microporous battery separator. The preferred inventive coating has excellent thermal and chemical stability, excellent adhesion to microporous base substrate, membrane, and/or electrode, improved binding properties to ceramic particles and/or has improved or excellent resistance to thermal shrinkage, dimensional integrity, and/or oxidation stability when used in a rechargeable lithium ion battery.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes a radical unit in which electrodes and separators are alternately stacked, the radical unit having a structure in which one electrode is stacked at the uppermost end. An auxiliary unit is provided with a separation sheet disposed at the uppermost end side of the radical unit. The separation sheet includes a separation part disposed at the uppermost end side of the radical unit and a side surface protection part connected to each of side surfaces of the separation part and folded to contact a side portion of the radical unit to cover the side portion of the radical unit.

Abstract: A negative active material includes a carbon material. The carbon material satisfies the following relationship: 6<Gr/K<16, Gr is a graphitization degree of the carbon material, measured by X-ray diffraction; and K is a ratio Id/Ig of a peak intensity Id of the carbon material at a wavenumber of 1250 cm?1 to 1650 cm?1 to a peak intensity Ig of the carbon material at a wavenumber of 1500 cm?1 to 1650 cm?1, and is measured by using Raman spectroscopy, and K is 0.06 to 0.15.

Abstract: An electrode includes a current collector, an active material layer, a first layer including first particles, and a second layer including second particles, wherein an average cross-sectional area of the first particles in a plane substantially parallel to the electrode surface is smaller than an average cross-sectional area of the second particles in a plane substantially parallel to the electrode surface.

Abstract: A composition includes an electrode made of Lithium Manganese Oxyfluoride (LMOF). A single layer separator adheres to a surface of the electrode, is a dielectric that is conductive for Lithium ions but not electrons, and has top and bottom sides. A solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) saturates the electrode so that the LMOF is between 55 percent and 85 percent by mass of a composition of the LMOF electrode and the SPE is between 7.5 percent and 20 percent by mass of the composition of the LMOF electrode. The SPE saturates the separator so that the SPE resides both on the separator top and bottom sides so that the SPE residing on the separator top side contacts the surface. The LMOF exhibits X-Ray Diffraction spectrum peaks between twenty-two and twenty-four 2-theta degrees, between forty-eight and fifty 2-theta degrees, between fifty-four and fifty-six 2-theta degrees, and between fifty-six and fifty-eight 2-theta degrees.

Abstract: New, improved or optimized battery separators, components, batteries, industrial batteries, inverter batteries, batteries for heavy or light industrial applications, forklift batteries, float charged batteries, inverters, accumulators, systems, methods, profiles, additives, compositions, composites, mixes, coatings, and/or related methods of water retention, water loss prevention, improved charge acceptance, production, use, and/or combinations thereof are provided or disclosed. More particularly, the present invention is directed to one or more improved battery separators having various improvements that may result in decreased water loss for a battery in which such a separator is incorporated, enhanced charge acceptance, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a solid-state electrochemical cell having a uniformly distributed solid-state electrolyte and methods of fabrication relating thereto. The method may include forming a plurality of apertures within the one or more solid-state electrodes; impregnating the one or more solid-state electrodes with a solid-state electrolyte precursor solution so as to fill the plurality of apertures and any other void or pores within the one or more electrodes with the solid-state electrolyte precursor solution; and heating the one or more electrodes so as to solidify the solid-state electrolyte precursor solution and to form the distributed solid-state electrolyte.

Abstract: A negative electrode active substance particle according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises a mother particle that has: a silicate phase that includes Na, Si, and at least one element selected from M, M1, M2, M3 and M4 (M is an alkali earth metal, and M1, M2, M3 and M4 are elements other than alkali metals, alkali earth metals or Si); and silicon particles dispersed in the silicate phase. The contents of the elements in the silicate phase are: 9-52 mol % of Na; 3-50 mol % of M, M1, M2, M3 and M4; and at least 25 mol % of Si.

Abstract: A negative active material includes a carbon material. The carbon material satisfies the following relationship: 6<Gr/K<16, Gr is a graphitization degree of the carbon material, measured by means of X-ray diffraction; and K is a ratio Id/Ig of a peak intensity Id of the carbon material at a wavenumber of 1250 cm?1 to 1650 cm?1 to a peak intensity Ig of the carbon material at a wavenumber of 1500 cm?1 to 1650 cm?1, and is measured by using Raman spectroscopy, and K is 0.06 to 0.15. The negative active material according to this application can significantly improve an energy density, cycle performance, and rate performance of the electrochemical device.

Abstract: Batteries according to embodiments of the present technology may include a housing including a first terminal disposed on a first side of the housing and a second terminal disposed on the first side of the housing. The batteries may include an electrode stack positioned within the housing. The electrode stack may include an anode current collector. The anode current collector may define an anode tab along a first side of the anode current collector, and be electrically coupled with the first terminal. The electrode stack may include a cathode current collector. The cathode current collector may define a cathode tab along a second side of the cathode current collector. The cathode tab may extend from the cathode current collector in a direction normal to a direction the anode tab extends from the anode current collector. The cathode tab may be electrically coupled with a busbar disposed within the housing.

Abstract: A method of preparing a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, which includes forming a negative electrode mixture layer including a negative electrode active material on a negative electrode current collector, disposing lithium metal powder on at least a part of the negative electrode mixture layer, pressing the negative electrode mixture layer on which the lithium metal powder is disposed, wetting the pressed negative electrode mixture layer with a first electrolyte solution, and drying the wet negative electrode mixture layer. A battery including the negative electrode of the present invention has enhanced rapid charge/discharge characteristics and enhanced lifespan characteristics.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a cathode, a separator and an anode. The cathode includes a cathode current collector, a first cathode active material layer including a first cathode active material, a second cathode active material layer including a second cathode active material, and an insulating layer. The first cathode active material layer is disposed between the cathode current collector and the second cathode active material layer, and the first cathode active material layer is disposed on a first region of a surface of the cathode current collector facing an anode active material layer of the anode, and the thickness of the first cathode active material layer is greater than Dv50 of the first cathode active material. The insulating layer is disposed on a second region of the surface of the cathode current collector not facing the anode active material layer of the anode.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrolyte membrane for a lithium-air battery, a method of manufacturing the same, a cathode for a lithium-air battery, a method of manufacturing the same, and a lithium-air battery including the electrolyte membrane and the cathode. Particularly, the lithium-air battery includes i) an electrolyte membrane, which is manufactured using an inorganic melt admixture including two or more nitrogen-oxide compounds and thus may have a very low eutectic point, and ii) a cathode, which is manufactured by reducing a metal at a fast speed on a carbon material. As such, the lithium-air battery is capable of stably operating even at low temperatures and providing high power output.

Abstract: An electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises: a first electrode formed in the form of a single sheet and repetitively in-folded and out-folded at a predetermined interval; a second electrode formed into a plurality of pieces and respectively interposed in spaces formed by folding the first electrode; and a separator formed in the form of a single sheet and interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode so as to be repetitively in-folded and out-folded at a predetermined interval together with the first electrode, wherein the first electrode is a single-sided electrode in which a first electrode active material is applied to only one surface of a first electrode collector, and the second electrode is a double-sided electrode in which a second electrode active material is applied to all both surfaces of a second electrode collector.

Abstract: A system including a battery module configured for use in an electric aircraft includes at least a battery cell and a battery module casing. The at least a battery cell includes at least a pair of cell tabs and at least a conductor. The battery module casing includes at least a lithiophobic surface with an ejecta barrier and at least a nonlithiphobic surface that is configured to vent the cell ejecta. The battery module casing closely matches the dimensions of the battery cell.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte including: an oxide represented by Formula 1 LiyMzHfO3-x??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, M is a divalent element, a trivalent element, or a combination thereof, and 0?x<3, 0<y<1, and 0<z<1.

Abstract: Disclosed are a ceramic and polymer compositely coated lithium ion separator and a preparation method therefor. The ceramic and polymer compositely coated lithium ion separator comprises a polyolefin porous membrane, a ceramic coating coated onto one or both sides of a membrane surface, and a polymer coating coated onto a ceramic surface or the membrane surface. The composite separator prepared in the present disclosure significantly enhances heat resistance of the separator and bonding strength thereof with positive and negative pole pieces, improves the wettability of an electrolyte, can effectively prevent an internal short circuit due to layer dislocation between the separator and the electrodes, and also improves hardness and safety performance of the battery.

Abstract: Presented are new, earth-abundant lithium superionic conductors, Li3Y(PS4)2 and Li5PS4Cl2, that emerged from a comprehensive screening of the Li—P—S and Li-M-P—S chemical spaces. Both candidates are derived from the relatively unexplored quaternary silver thiophosphates. One key enabler of this discovery is the development of a first-of-its-kind high-throughput first principles screening approach that can exclude candidates unlikely to satisfy the stringent Li+ conductivity requirements using a minimum of computational resources. Both candidates are predicted to be synthesizable, and are electronically insulating. Systems and methods according to present principles enable new, all-solid-state rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a separator for secondary batteries, configured to provide insulation between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the separator comprises no polyolefin substrate, is configured to have a layer structure comprising a fibrous support, inorganic particles, and a binder, and has improved dimensional stability.

Abstract: The technology concerns methods for stabilizing slurries and/or electrophoretic deposition (EPD) bath suspensions for the preparation of electrodes and/or separation area or any other coating and specifically, to electrodes and separators for use in energy storage devices.

Abstract: A zinc bromine electrochemical cell comprises an anode-side subassembly, an insulating porous separator, and a cathode-side subassembly. The anode-side subassembly comprises an anode current collector, an anode sheet, and an anode insulating net. The cathode-side subassembly comprises a cathode insulating mesh, a cathode graphite felt, and a cathode current collector. The zinc bromine electrochemical cell is rollable, foldable, or stackable.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a battery including a cathode, an anode positioned opposite the cathode and a carbon interface layer. The carbon interface layer includes an electrically insulating flaky carbon layer conformally encapsulating the anode. A plurality of carbon nano-onions (CNOs) defining a plurality of interstitial pore volumes are interspersed throughout the electrically insulating flaky carbon layer. An electrolyte is in contact with the carbon interface layer and the cathode. A separator is positioned between the anode and the cathode. The electrically insulating flaky carbon layer can include graphene oxide (GO). The plurality of interstitial pore volumes can be configured to transport lithium (Li) ions between the anode and the cathode via the plurality of interstitial pore volumes in a bulk phase of the electrolyte. The carbon interface layer can be configured to inhibit growth of Li dendritic structures from the anode towards the cathode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a negative electrode for a secondary battery which comprises a negative electrode collector, a negative electrode active material layer formed on the negative electrode collector, and a lithium metal layer, wherein an adhesive layer is disposed between the negative electrode active material layer and the lithium metal layer, and the lithium metal layer comprises lithium and metal oxide in a weight ratio of 50:50 to 99:1.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery including an electrode assembly includes a positive electrode including a positive current collector and a positive active material layer disposed on the positive current collector; a negative electrode including a negative current collector, a negative active material layer disposed on the negative current collector, and a negative electrode functional layer disposed on the negative active material layer; and a separator, wherein the positive active material layer includes a first positive active material including at least one of a composite oxide of metal selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, and a combination thereof and lithium and a second positive active material including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, the negative electrode functional layer includes flake-shaped polyethylene particles, and a battery capacity is greater than or equal to about 3.5 Ah. LiaFe1?x1Mx1PO4??[Chemical Formula 1] In Chemical Formula 1, 0.90?a?1.8, 0?x1?0.

Abstract: An electrode for a lithium secondary battery, which may be applied to the lithium secondary battery to increase cycling performance and efficiency of the battery, and a manufacturing method thereof. When the electrode for the lithium secondary battery of the present invention is applied to the lithium secondary battery, uniform deposition and stripping of lithium metals occur throughout the surface of the electrode when charging/discharging the battery, thereby inhibiting uneven growth of lithium dendrites and improving cycle and efficiency characteristics of the battery. Further, the electrode for the lithium secondary battery of the present invention exhibits remarkably high flexibility, as compared with existing electrodes including a metal current collector and an active material layer, thereby improving processability during manufacture of the electrode and assembling the battery.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a lithium secondary battery including a pre-lithiated negative electrode. A composite of lithium and a negative electrode active material is formed through a lamination process which is a process of manufacturing a battery. In the case of the lithium secondary battery to which the negative electrode having the composite formed by lithium and the negative electrode active material is applied, when the battery starts to operate, the negative electrode active material is pre-lithiated, and thus the charging/discharging process proceeds in the state where the lithium alloy is already formed on the negative electrode, thereby showing an effect of reducing initial irreversible phases.

Abstract: Articles and electrochemical devices containing electrodes, current collectors, heaters, and/or sensors and associated systems and methods, are provided. The sensors, when present, may be temperature sensors or pressure sensors. In some cases, the heaters and/or sensors are adjacent to the article or electrochemical device. In certain cases, the heaters and/or sensors are thin films that are integrated into the article or electrochemical device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming metal electrode structures, more specifically lithium-containing anodes, high performance electrochemical devices, such as primary and secondary electrochemical devices, including the aforementioned lithium-containing electrodes. In one implementation, the method comprises forming a lithium metal film on a current collector. The current collector comprises copper and/or stainless steel. The method further comprises forming a protective film stack on the lithium metal film, comprising forming a first protective film on the lithium metal film. The first protective film is selected from a bismuth chalcogenide film, a copper chalcogenide film, a tin chalcogenide film, a gallium chalcogenide film, a germanium chalcogenide film, an indium chalcogenide film, a silver chalcogenide film, a dielectric film, a lithium fluoride film, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A battery electrode composition is provided that comprises a composite material comprising one or more nanocomposites. The nanocomposites may each comprise a planar substrate backbone having a curved geometrical structure, and an active material forming a continuous or substantially continuous film at least partially encasing the substrate backbone. To form an electrode from the electrode composition, a plurality of electrically-interconnected nanocomposites of this type may be aggregated into one or more three-dimensional agglomerations, such as substantially spherical or ellipsoidal granules.

Abstract: The present application relates to an electrochemical device and an electronic device including the same. The electrochemical device includes a cathode, a separator and an anode, wherein the cathode includes a cathode current collector; a first cathode active material layer including a first cathode active material; a second cathode active material layer including a second cathode active material, wherein the first cathode active material layer is disposed between the cathode current collector and the second cathode active material layer, and the first cathode active material layer is disposed on a first surface, facing the anode, of the cathode current collector; and an insulating layer, wherein the insulating layer is disposed on a second surface, that is not facing the anode, of the cathode current collector.

Abstract: To provide a liquid composition with which a catalyst layer and a polymer electrolyte membrane will hardly be broken at the time of their formation and a method for producing the liquid composition; and a method for producing a membrane/electrode assembly by which a catalyst layer and a polymer electrolyte membrane will hardly be broken at the time of their formation. A liquid composition comprising a polymer having ion exchange groups, water and an organic solvent, wherein the average secondary particle size of the polymer having ion exchange groups is from 100 to 3,000 nm, and the primary particle size parameter represented by the product of the average primary particle size (nm) and the ion exchange capacity (meq/g dry resin) of the polymer having ion exchange groups, is from 12 to 20.

Abstract: Provided is a battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolytic solution, and a particle-containing resin layer that contains particles and a resin. A shape of the particles includes a plane, a plane rate of the particles is greater than 40% and equal to or less than 100%, and a refractive index of the particles is equal to or greater than 1.3 and less than 2.4.