Abstract: A gas diffusion electrode is described, especially for use in chloralkali electrolysis, said gas diffusion electrode having finely divided components on the liquid side. The electrode is notable for a low perviosity to gases and a lower operating voltage.

Abstract: An oxygen-consuming electrode is described, more particularly for use in chloralkali electrolysis, comprising a novel catalyst coating, as is an electrolysis apparatus. Also described is a production process for the oxygen-consuming electrode and the use thereof in chloralkali electrolysis or fuel cell technology. The oxygen-consuming electrode is based on a gas diffusion layer as a porous film of a fluorinated polymer, into which fine crystal needles of a catalyst metal have been introduced as the catalytically active component and are connected with electrical conduction to the current collector.

Abstract: A process includes contacting a carbon support material with an oxidizing agent followed by the acid treatment to form a functionalized carbon support material including surface hydroxyl functionality; contacting the functionalized carbon support material with a solution of a catalyst precursor; and adjusting the pH of the solution to produce a carbon supported catalyst material including a metal oxide catalyst.

Abstract: A power storage device which has high charge/discharge capacity and less deterioration in battery characteristics due to charge/discharge and can perform charge/discharge at high speed is provided. A power storage device includes a negative electrode. The negative electrode includes a current collector and an active material layer provided over the current collector. The active material layer includes a plurality of protrusions protruding from the current collector and a graphene provided over the plurality of protrusions. Axes of the plurality of protrusions are oriented in the same direction. A common portion may be provided between the current collector and the plurality of protrusions.

Abstract: A selectively oxygen-permeable substrate has a magnetic material dispersion layer having carbon as the main component and a magnetic material dispersed therein. The magnetic material dispersion layer has a gas introduction face for introducing gas into the inside thereof, and the magnetic material dispersion layer is preferably a layer where a magnetic material is dispersed in a porous carbon membrane and can be used as a substrate for a metal-air battery positive electrode. More preferably, the selectively oxygen-permeable substrate has the magnetic material dispersion layer and a porous substrate. A selectively oxygen-permeable substrate can selectively introduce oxygen in the air and have high durability against an electrolytic solution.

Abstract: A structure and a method of manufacturing a power storage device with high energy density are provided. An air electrode includes a first current collector; a second current collector having a projecting structure, in contact with the first current collector; and a catalyst layer having 1 to 100 graphene films. Accordingly, the surface area of the air electrode can be significantly large due to an effect of the second current collector, and further, the graphene film can produce a catalytic reaction without using a catalyst such as a noble metal; thus, by employing a structure in which the catalyst layer is provided on the second current collector, the energy density of the power storage device can be improved.

Abstract: Aqueous Li/Air secondary battery cells are configurable to achieve high energy density and prolonged cycle life. The cells include a protected a lithium metal or alloy anode and an aqueous catholyte in a cathode compartment. The aqueous catholyte comprises an evaporative-loss resistant and/or polyprotic active compound or active agent that partakes in the discharge reaction and effectuates cathode capacity for discharge in the acidic region. This leads to improved performance including one or more of increased specific energy, improved stability on open circuit, and prolonged cycle life, as well as various methods, including a method of operating an aqueous Li/Air cell to simultaneously achieve improved energy density and prolonged cycle life.

Abstract: A hydrogen-absorbing alloy, which is used as a negative electrode material of nickel-metal hydride secondary batteries for hybrid electric vehicles, and particularly for batteries to drive electric motors of hybrid electric vehicles, is an AB5-type alloy having a CaCu5-type crystal structure and the general formula RNiaCobAlcMnd (R: mixture of rare earth metals), wherein 4.15?a?4.4, 0.15?b?0.35, 1?c/d?1.7, 5.25?a+b+c+d?5.45.

Abstract: The main object of the present invention is to provide a nonaqueous electrolyte having favorable radical resistance. The present invention attains the object by providing a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising an ionic liquid having a cation portion and an anion portion, an organic solvent, and a metal salt, characterized in that the maximum electric charge calculated by the first-principle calculation in the cation portion of the ionic liquid and the organic solvent is 0.3 or less.

Abstract: This invention is directed to electrolyte systems for metal-air electrochemical power sources, particularly Al-Air batteries and fuel cells with alkaline electrolyte, methods of increasing the ionic conductivity of such electrolytes, methods of increasing the electrolyte utilization coefficient and to methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing an MnO2/carbon composite for a lithium-air secondary battery by preparing a precursor solution by dissolving permanganate powder in distilled water, preparing a MnO2/carbon composite by dispersing carbon in the precursor solution and using a reducing agent, and mixing the MnO2/carbon composite with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) and supporting the mixture on nickel foam. According to the method for preparing a MnO2/carbon composite for a lithium-air secondary battery, the MnO2/carbon composite is prepared by dispersing carbon in a permanganate solution, instead of simply mixing carbon with manganese oxide, and thus the binding force between carbon and manganese oxide and the dispersion of carbon in manganese oxide can increase. The MnO2/carbon composite prepared by the above method has improved catalytic performance as an air electrode for a lithium-air secondary battery and thus can be effectively used as an electrode material for lithium-air secondary batteries.

Abstract: Ionically conducting, redox active additive composite electrolytes are disclosed. The electrolytes include an ionically conductive component and a redox active additive. The ionically conductive component may be an ionically conductive material such as an ionically conductive polymer, ionically conducting glass-ceramic, ionically conductive ceramic, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A porous carbonaceous composite material including a core including a carbon nanotube (CNT); and a coating layer on the core, the coating layer including a carbonaceous material including a hetero element.

Abstract: The porous carbon structure according to one embodiment of the present invention includes mesopores, and at least two kinds of macropores having different average pore diameters. The porous carbon structure includes inter-connected pores and thereby increases specific surface area and improves electronic conductivity.

Abstract: The present application relates to a layer of an oxidant electrode having hygrophobic and current collecting properties, and electrochemical metal-air cell utilizing the same.

Abstract: There is provided a metal oxygen battery which uses an oxygen-storing material of a composite oxide containing Y and Mn as a positive electrode material, and can reduce the reaction overpotential. The metal oxygen battery 1 has a positive electrode 2 to which oxygen is applied as an active substance, a negative electrode 3 to which metallic lithium is applied as an active substance, and an electrolyte layer 4 interposed between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3. The positive electrode 2 contains an oxygen-storing material of YMn1-xAxO3 wherein A=Ru, Ni, or Co, and 0.01?x?0.2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithium-air hybrid battery and a method for manufacturing the same, which has a structure in which a liquid electrolyte electrode and a solid electrolyte electrode are stacked on both sides of an ion conductive glass ceramic. That is, disclosed is a lithium-air hybrid battery and a method for manufacturing the same, which has a structure in which a lithium metal negative electrode includes a liquid electrolyte and a porous air positive electrode comprising a carbon, a catalyst, a binder and a solid electrolyte are separately stacked on both sides of an impermeable ion conductive glass ceramic, and the liquid electrolyte is present only in the lithium metal negative electrode.

Abstract: There is provided a metal oxygen battery which uses an oxygen-storing material of a composite oxide containing YMnO3 as a positive electrode material, and can reduce the charge overpotential. The metal oxygen battery 1 has a positive electrode 2 using oxygen as an active substance, a negative electrode 3 using metallic lithium as an active substance, and an electrolyte layer 4 interposed between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3. The positive electrode 2 contains an oxygen-storing material of YMnO3 and a reducing catalyst.

Abstract: A metal air battery capable of obtaining larger charge-discharge capacity than before, is provided. The metal air battery 1 includes a negative electrode 2 including one metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Zn, Mg, Al, and Fe, a positive electrode 3 including a mixture of a carbon material and an oxygen-storing material, and an electrolyte interposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The electrolyte is immersed in a separator 4. The negative electrode 2 includes metal Li. The oxygen-storing material includes a composite oxide of yttrium and manganese. The oxygen-storing material preferably has a hexagonal structure.

Abstract: There is provided a selective oxygen-permeable substrate including: a selective oxygen-permeable membrane having an inorganic framework and a transition metal ion complex and being capable of selectively permeating oxygen, and a porous substrate disposed on one surface of the selective oxygen-permeable membrane. Preferably, the transition metal ion complex is bonded to the inorganic framework. More preferably, a material constituting the inorganic framework is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of silica, titania, alumina, and zirconia. The selective oxygen-permeable substrate can selectively introduce oxygen in the air into the inside and has high durability against an electrolytic solution.

Abstract: To provide a power storage device having excellent charge/discharge cycle characteristics and a high charge/discharge capacity. The following electrode is used as an electrode of a power storage device: an electrode including a current collector and an active material layer provided over the current collector. The active material layer includes a plurality of whisker-like active material bodies. Each of the plurality of whisker-like active material bodies includes at least a core and an outer shell provided to cover the core. The outer shell is amorphous, and a portion between the current collector and the core of the active material bodies is amorphous. Note that a metal layer may be provided instead of the current collector, the active material bodies do not necessarily have to include the core, and a mixed layer may be provided between the current collector and the active material layer.

Abstract: There is provided a negative electrode comprising an aluminum alloy, wherein the alloy has a magnesium content of 0.0001% by weight or higher and 8% by weight or lower, the alloy satisfies at least one condition selected from the group consisting of the following (A) and (B): (A) an iron content is 0.0001% by weight or higher and 0.03% by weight or lower, and (B) a silicon content is 0.0001% by weight or higher and 0.02% by weight or lower, and a content of each element other than aluminum, magnesium, silicon and iron in the alloy is 0.005% by weight or lower.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are related to anion exchange membranes used in electrochemical metal-air cells in which the membranes function as the electrolyte material, or are used in conjunction with electrolytes such as ionic liquid electrolytes.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes a negative electrode including a form of lithium, a positive electrode spaced apart from the negative electrode and including an electron conducting matrix and a lithium insertion material which exhibits a volume change when lithium is inserted, a separator positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode; and an electrolyte including a salt, wherein Li2O2 or Li2O is formed as a discharge product.

Abstract: An air electrode for an air battery with high rate characteristics, and an air battery comprising the air electrode. Disclosed is an air electrode for an air battery, including at least an air electrode layer, wherein the air electrode layer includes a carbon material in which graphene layers are unidirectionally oriented, and a Basal plane of the carbon material is exposed on a surface of the carbon material.

Abstract: Silicon-oxygen batteries comprising a silicon anode as chemical fuel, an air-cathode for dissociating oxygen and a non-aqueous electrolyte, and applications using the same are provided. The silicon-batteries may utilize air for generating oxygen.

Abstract: Arrangement for producing hydrogen from an electrolyte solution, in particular an aqueous solution, the arrangement comprising a hydrogen-developing body, in the electrolyte-contacting surface of which regions formed from magnesium, Mg, or zinc, Zn, or the like, or an alloy thereof alternate with regions formed from ferrum, Fe, or a Fe alloy, or the like, and means for accumulating hydrogen which has developed on the surface of the body.

Abstract: Provided is a structure for effectively utilizing a novel metal porous body, such as an aluminum porous body, having a three-dimensional network structure as a battery electrode. An air battery that uses oxygen as a positive electrode active material includes an aluminum porous body having a three-dimensional network structure, the aluminum porous body functioning as a positive electrode collector, wherein an electrode that includes a positive electrode layer containing a catalyst and a binder and provided on a surface of a skeleton of the aluminum porous body is used. Furthermore, provided are an electrode having continuous pores in a state where a positive electrode layer is provided on a surface of a skeleton of an aluminum porous body, an electrode having a continuous hollow portion inside a skeleton thereof, and an air battery including any of the electrodes.

Abstract: An aluminium electrode for use in an aluminium-air fuel cell. The aluminium electrode includes at least two long dimensions and at least two sides formed by the at least two long dimensions. At least one side includes at least one partially disrupted surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for charging the cell by electrodeposition of metal fuel on the anode thereof.

Abstract: A diffusion medium for use in a PEM fuel cell including a porous spacer layer disposed between a plurality of perforated layers having variable size and frequency of perforation patterns, each perforated layer having a microporous layer formed thereon, wherein the diffusion medium is adapted to optimize water management in and performance of the fuel cell.

Abstract: A primary aluminum hydride cell and a battery formed with a plurality of the cells is described herein. The cells are constructed of an anode, a cathode and an aqueous electrolyte, and the anode comprises aluminum hydride and a conductive material. In some embodiments, the cathode comprises an air diffusion cathode.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte fuel cell comprising a cathode layer 12 formed on one side of a solid electrolyte layer 10 and an anode layer 18 formed on the other side of the solid electrolyte layer 10, wherein the cathode layer 16 comprises a first cathode layer 12 formed in contact with the solid electrolyte layer and a second cathode layer 14 formed covering the first cathode layer 12, the second cathode layer 14 is formed having a higher porosity than the first cathode layer 12 and the first cathode layer 12 is divided into a plurality of island-shaped portions 12a, 12a.

Abstract: A negative electrode structure for aqueous electrolyte comprising at least a negative electrode active material layer, wherein the negative electrode active material layer comprises, as the negative electrode active material, at least one selected from the group consisting of the following metals and alloys comprising at least one of the metals: Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Al and Ag, and wherein a solid electrolyte layer comprising a Zr-containing garnet-type solid electrolyte described by the following formula (1), is provided on one side of the negative electrode active material layer: Formula (1): Li5+xLayZrzO12 wherein 0<x?3, 0?y?3 and 0?z?2.

Abstract: Methods and devices for enhanced energy storage in an electrochemical cell are provided. In some embodiments, an electrode for use in a metal-air electrochemical cell can include a plurality of nanofiber (NF) structures having high porosity, tunable mass, and tunable thickness. The NF structures are particularly suited for energy storage and can provide the electrode with exceptionally high gravimetric capacity and energy density when used in an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery that includes an organic-inorganic hybrid protective layer where the lithium ion conductivity of a polymer included in the organic-inorganic hybrid protective layer is about 10?4 S/cm or less, a method of manufacturing the same, and a lithium secondary battery employing the same.

Abstract: A fuel cell unit (1) according to the present invention comprises a fuel cell (6) having an inner electrode layer (16), an outer electrode layer (20) and a through passage (15); and inner and outer electrode terminals (24, 26) fixed at the opposite ends (6a, 6b) of the fuel cell (6). The fuel cell (6) has an inner electrode peripheral surface (21) electrically communicating with the inner electrode layer (16) and an outer electrode peripheral surface (22) electrically communicating with the outer electrode layer (20). The inner and outer electrode terminals are respectively disposed so that they cover over the inner and outer electrode peripheral surfaces (21, 22) and they are electrically connected thereto. The inner and outer electrode terminals have respective connecting passages which are communicated with the through passage (15).

Abstract: A lithium oxygen or air battery (80) is disclosed having two halves (81) that are joined together along their edges. Each battery half (81) has a carbon cloth or mesh cathode current collector (82), a cathode (83), a cathode terminal (84), an anode (85), an anode current collector, anode terminal (88) and a solid separator (87). The cathode includes randomly distributed carbon fibers throughout.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal air battery a metal anode and an air cathode, wherein the metal anode includes an organic electrolyte and the air cathode includes an aqueous electrolyte, and a method for preparing the same. The metal air battery having a structure according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may prevent the electrolytes of the cathode and the anode from being mixed and activate battery reaction, thereby preparing a high-capacity battery.

Abstract: Provided is a battery which can prevent deactivation from occurring by avoiding solid deposition at electrodes. The battery includes an anion conductor, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a first aqueous liquid electrolyte layer and a second aqueous liquid electrolyte layer, wherein the first aqueous liquid electrolyte layer and the positive electrode are present in this sequence on a first surface of the anion conductor, and the second aqueous liquid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode are present in this sequence on a second surface of the anion conductor, and wherein the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material which can release a metal ion upon discharging.

Abstract: An electric power generation device includes a cell body and a secondary electric power generator. The cell body has an electrolyte, a fuel electrode and an air electrode. The secondary electric power generator is joined to at least one of the fuel and air electrodes and includes P- and N-type thermoelectric conversion members. With the electric power generation device, the cell body generates electric power at temperatures higher than or equal to an power generation start temperature, and at the same time, the P- and N-type thermoelectric conversion members joined to the cell body and functioning as a thermocouple produce electric power by utilizing the Seebeck effect.

Abstract: A battery (10) is disclosed having a negative or anodic half cell (12) and a cathodic or positive half cell (13). The positive and negative half cells are encased within a fabric within a non-conductive housing (14). The housing includes holes (18) which allow the passage of ambient air. The anodic material (20) is preferably a transition metal bronze such as Na0.9W0.75Ti0.25O3. The positive half cell is made of a cathodic material (25) in the form of powder which is encased a fabric (26). The cathodic material is preferably Na0.9W0.75P0.25O3.325. The battery also includes an electrical conductor (31) in electrical contact with the positive half cell and the negative half cell. The electrical conductor includes a switch (35) which may be opened and closed to couple the half cells together to produce an electric current through a load (36).

Abstract: An air battery includes: a positive electrode for utilizing oxygen as active material; a negative electrode for adsorbing and desorbing a metal ion, which includes at least one of Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe and Al; and a non-aqueous electrolyte disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes ion liquid. When the non-aqueous electrolyte includes the ion liquid, the oxide generated by the discharging step is effectively decomposed. Thus, the battery has excellent cycle characteristics.

Abstract: A lithium air battery capable of being used for a long time with little deterioration due to influence by moisture in the air in which oxygen supply to a porous cathode is not inhibited by an air electrode current collector is provided. The lithium air battery includes an oxygen permselective film that is less likely to transmit moisture vapor and that selectively transmits oxygen, an oxygen chamber that stores oxygen, an air electrode current collector made of a porous material, a diffusion layer that is arranged between the air electrode current collector and a porous cathode and is made of a conductive material, the porous cathode containing a conductive material and a catalyst material, a separator that is less likely to pass moisture vapor, a nonaqueous electrolyte, an anode that extracts lithium ions, and an anode current collector. The lithium air battery may have a water-repellent layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an oxygen-consuming electrode that includes the steps of (a) producing a powder mixture consisting of at least one polymer as binder and a catalytically active component, (b) applying the powder mixture to an electrically conductive sheet-like support element, and (c) compacting and consolidating the powder mixture on the support element using rollers, wherein the rollers used in the compaction step c) comprises a surface coating of tungsten carbide and wherein the roller surface has a roughness of not more than 0.5 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithium ion air battery. The lithium ion air battery includes a lithium metal electrode, an air electrode and an intercalation electrode therebetween. The intercalation electrode is charged with lithium ions intercalated from the lithium metal electrode, and then used as an anode. The electric energy is generated from a reaction with the air electrode that is a cathode.

Abstract: A method for using an integrated battery and device structure includes using two or more stacked electrochemical cells integrated with each other formed overlying a surface of a substrate. The two or more stacked electrochemical cells include related two or more different electrochemistries with one or more devices formed using one or more sequential deposition processes. The one or more devices are integrated with the two or more stacked electrochemical cells to form the integrated battery and device structure as a unified structure overlying the surface of the substrate. The one or more stacked electrochemical cells and the one or more devices are integrated as the unified structure using the one or more sequential deposition processes. The integrated battery and device structure is configured such that the two or more stacked electrochemical cells and one or more devices are in electrical, chemical, and thermal conduction with each other.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell has a cell assembly that has an anode, an air cathode infused with a liquid electrolyte, an ionically-conductive separator medium disposed between and coupling said anode and said air cathode, a housing enclosing said anode, said cathode, and said ionically-conductive separator medium, and a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide disposed within said housing in gaseous communication with said air cathode, wherein said carbon dioxide comprises from about 0.04% to about 95% molar fraction of said mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A hydrogen electrode constituted of a mixed phase composed of an oxide sinter having particles of at least one member selected from Ni, Co, Fe, and Cu on a surface part thereof and coated wholly or partly with a film having mixed conductivity and a sinter having ionic conductivity is formed on a surface of an electrolyte having oxygen ion conductivity.

Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a gaseous product generator including: at least one rechargeable metal-air cell operable to provide the gaseous product; and a manifold arrangement having an inlet structure allowing a feed atmosphere to be introduced to the metal-air cell and an outlet structure for transporting the gaseous product to an intended point of use thereby to provide an environmentally enhancing function.