Abstract: An assembly for an electrochemical system, comprising a separator plate with at least one layer and a membrane electrode assembly, MEA, the MEA having: an electrochemically active region, a frame-like reinforcing layer surrounding the electrochemically active region, and at least one tab for positioning the MEA relative to the separator plate and/or for fastening the MEA to the separator plate, wherein the layer has a first flat side and a second flat side opposite the first flat side, wherein the tab is connected at one side to the frame-like reinforcing layer and its free end is arranged on the side of the second flat side of the layer, wherein the frame-like reinforcing layer is arranged on the first flat side of the layer.

Abstract: A coolant flow field of a fuel cell stack includes a power-generation-portion-cooling flow path including a portion overlapping a power generation section of a membrane electrode assembly, a bypass flow path provided on outer peripheries of separators, a main supply flow path extending from a coolant supply passage through the bypass flow path and communicating with the power-generation-portion-cooling flow path, and a bubble release flow path extending from an upper portion of the coolant supply passage in the gravity direction toward the bypass flow path and communicating with the bypass flow path, wherein the bubble release flow path extends upward in the gravity direction above the coolant supply passage.

Abstract: Fuel cell stacks may include a plurality of fuel cells including a membrane-electrode assembly that includes an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, gas diffusion layers respectively on opposing sides of the membrane-electrode assembly, a first separating plate having a first surface facing the anode electrode so as to be in contact with the gas diffusion layer and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a second separating plate having a first surface facing the cathode electrode so as to be in contact with the gas diffusion layer and a second surface opposite to the first surface. At least one of the second surface of the first separating plate and the second surface of the second separating plate may include one or more protrusions protruding therefrom outwardly.

Abstract: A combustion section defines an axial direction, a radial direction, and a circumferential direction. The combustion section includes a casing that defines a diffusion chamber. A combustion liner is disposed within the diffusion chamber and defines a combustion chamber. The combustion liner is spaced apart from the casing such that a passageway is defined between the combustion liner and the casing. A fuel cell assembly is disposed in the passageway. The fuel cell assembly includes a fuel cell stack that has a plurality of fuel cells each extending between an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end receives a flow of air and fuel and the outlet end provides output products to the combustion chamber. The outlet end of the plurality of fuel cells extends through the combustion liner and partially defines the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a separator assembly for a fuel cell and a fuel cell stack including the same. The separator assembly includes (I) a plate-shaped first separator including a first reaction area where a flow path to which a reaction gas or a coolant flows on a center thereof and first manifolds to which the reaction gas or the coolant is introduced or discharged to opposite side areas of the first reaction area, and (ii) a plate-shaped second separator integrated with the first separator by bonding and including a second reaction area corresponding to a position where the first reaction area is formed and second manifolds communicating with the first manifolds. The first and second separators may have at least a portion of an inner edge of the respective first and second manifolds that are bent, thereby being disposed on an interface between the first and second separators.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a fuel cell, comprising: an anode; a cathode; and a membrane electrode assembly disposed between the anode and the cathode. The anode may comprise a gas diffusion layer with one or more channels for directing a source material through the gas diffusion layer of the anode to facilitate processing of the source material to generate an electrical current. The one or more channels may comprise one or more features configured to enhance a diffusion of the source material through the gas diffusion layer of the anode. The source material may comprise hydrogen and nitrogen.

Abstract: A fuel cell power pack is provided. The fuel cell power pack may include a case, a gas tank placed in a gas tank mounting and removing part formed in the case, and a fuel cell unit placed in the case in a weight balance with the gas tank. According to the fuel cell power pack, it is possible to reduce weight by supplying power from a fuel cell while enabling long-term operation of a flying object such as a drone, to maintain an overall weight balance and achieve a stable operation of the drone, even if integrally mounted in the drone, to maintain a stable operating environment temperature of a stack by improving an air circulation structure, and to enhance the user's convenience with a gas supply structure that is easy to attach and detach the gas tank.

Abstract: A fuel cell separator includes a separator body and porous structure. The porous structure is stacked on a body surface with pores therein to provide a fluid flow path. The body includes: an inlet part having a space into which the fluid is introduced, a reaction region receiving the fluid, and a diffusion part between the inlet part and the reaction region and a passage to provide a path supplying fluid within the inlet part to the reaction region. The porous structure is stacked on a reaction region surface. A first inlet region, provided at the same height as the inlet part in a height direction in a porous structure inlet region facing the diffusion part, is provided closer to a central region of the porous structure than a second inlet region except for the first inlet region in the inlet region of the porous structure facing the diffusion part.

Abstract: An electronic device can include a first electronic component, a second electronic component, and an energy dampener positioned between and in contact with the first electronic component and the second electronic component. The energy dampener in this example includes a carbon nanotube-aerogel matrix including carbon nanotubes embedded in an aerogel with a rubber composited therewith.

Abstract: Some implementations of the disclosure are directed to a method, comprising: receiving a sheet of graphite comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface; and perforating the sheet in a first plurality of locations from the first surface through the second surface to form a first plurality of perforations through the sheet and a first plurality of protrusions of the graphite oriented outward from the second surface, the first plurality of protrusions configured to conduct heat away from a plane of the sheet. Further implementations comprise perforating the sheet in a second plurality of locations from the second surface through the first surface to form a second plurality of perforations through the sheet and a second plurality of protrusions of graphite material oriented outward from the first surface, wherein the second plurality of protrusions are configured to conduct heat away from the plane of the sheet.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a fuel cell comprising: an electrochemical circuit comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte between the anode and the cathode; a first channel comprising a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first channel is in fluid communication with the anode, wherein the first channel comprises one or more features, wherein the one or more features comprise (i) one or more cuts, (ii) one or more cutouts, (iii) one or more grooves, or (iv) any combination thereof; and a second channel comprising a second inlet and a second outlet, wherein the second channel is in fluid communication with the cathode.

Abstract: A manifold plate for a fuel cell stack includes a lower manifold portion, an upper manifold portion, a dielectric layer sandwiched between the lower manifold portion and the upper manifold portion, a bottom inlet hole and a bottom outlet hole formed in a bottom surface of the lower manifold portion, where the bottom inlet hole and the bottom outlet hole extend through the dielectric layer, top outlet holes and top inlet holes formed in opposing sides of a top surface of the upper manifold portion, outlet channels fluidly connecting the top outlet holes to the bottom inlet hole, and inlet channels fluidly connecting the top inlet holes to the bottom outlet hole.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a fuel cell comprising: an electrochemical circuit comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte between the anode and the cathode; a first channel comprising a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first channel is in fluid communication with the anode, wherein the first channel comprises one or more features, wherein the one or more features comprise (i) one or more cuts, (ii) one or more cutouts, (iii) one or more grooves, or (iv) any combination thereof; and a second channel comprising a second inlet and a second outlet, wherein the second channel is in fluid communication with the cathode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a strong polymer electrolyte membrane which can provide a water electrolyzer operable at low electrolysis voltage. The polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention comprises a fluorinated polymer and a woven fabric, wherein the weight of the woven fabric is from 20 to 95 g/m2, and the warp and weft of the woven fabric independently have a denier of from 30 to 100.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for decoupling reactant activation and reaction completion. Various embodiments of the present disclosure leverage electrodynamic inversion principles to provide fuel cell-like operation. In one exemplary embodiment a fuel cell-like apparatus is configured to: create reactant ions (e.g., fuel ions, oxidant ions, etc.) in isolation, transport the reactant ions to a reaction interface, enable a chemical reaction, harvest the resulting electrical current, and eliminate the exhaust products. The exemplary fuel cell-like device decouples the reactants from directly powering the load. Notably, the redox reaction is allowed to proceed at a reaction interface rather than directly at the anode and cathode.

Abstract: An improved or advanced electrically conductive selectively gas permeable anode flow field (SGPFF) design, allowing for efficient removal of CO2 perpendicular to the active area near the location where it is formed in the catalyst layer. The anode plate design includes two mating flow fields (an anode gaseous flow field, and an anode liquid flow field) separated by a semi-permeable separator. The separator comprises a hydrophobic semi-permeable separator for CO2 diffusive gas transport from the liquid side (with acid, water, and CO2) to the gaseous side (allowing for CO2 removal to the atmosphere).

Abstract: An electrode material (1) for a fuel cell (50), comprising a planar body (11) made of an electrically conductive foam having an open and continuous porosity for at least one operating medium of the fuel cell (50), wherein the planar body (11) has a top side (12) and a bottom side (13), and wherein the thickness (14) of the material across all points (12a, 12a?) on the surface of the top side (12), measured in each case between a point (12a, 12a?) on the surface of the top side (12) and the point (13a, 13a?) opposite this point (12a, 12a?) on the surface of the bottom side (13), varies by at least 10%.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a flow field plate having at least one channel and at least one land, where each of the at least one channel is positioned between two adjacent lands. The fuel cell further includes a gas diffusion layer (GDL) positioned between the flow field plate and a catalyst layer, where the catalyst layer has a first region aligned with the at least one channel and a second region aligned with the at least one land. The first region may have a first catalyst material supported by a first catalyst support region, and the second region may have a second catalyst material supported by a second catalyst support region.

Abstract: A fuel cell to provide a higher power density. The fuel cell can be produced by 3D printing in ceramic and has an improved power density by virtue of its spiral shape. In order to better extract the energy generated by the fuel cell, an interconnector sheet can be fastened positively to fastening knobs of the fuel cell by holding eyes. In addition, the interconnector sheet can be fixed by glass solder.

Abstract: A fuel cell gas supply and diffusion layer includes a sheet-like porous body layer, and a plurality of gas passage grooves formed on one surface of the porous body layer in parallel and formed in a zigzag shape or a wave shape respectively. As viewed in a plan view, a first rectangular region where circumscribes one gas passage groove and a second rectangular region where circumscribes a gas passage groove adjacent to the one gas passage groove overlap along a region in contact each other. An overlapping region where the first rectangular region and the second rectangular region overlap exists at any depth position of the grooves. According to the fuel cell gas supply and diffusion layer, it is possible to increase a power generation efficiency of a fuel cell.

Abstract: A fuel cell bipolar flow field plate and a fuel cell stack are provided. The fuel cell bipolar flow field plate includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. Each of the gas channels has several sub-channels, each of the sub-channels has bending parts, and adjacent sub-channels have opposite flow directions. The sub-channels of the two gas channels form a four-leaf clover type pattern in a reaction area of the fuel cell bipolar flow field plate. A bending angle of each of the bending parts in the four-leaf clover type pattern is within 90 degrees.

Abstract: The present document relates to a cell for an electrochemical system, comprising two separator plates, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) arranged between the separator plates, and at least one flexible electrical cable for tapping off an electrical voltage. The separator plates, the MEA and the cable can be compressed with one another, the flexible cable has a first end portion and a second end portion, the first end portion is arranged for fastening between the separator plates, and the second end portion protrudes laterally from the cell.

Abstract: The present embodiment is a fuel cell including a stacked body of single cells each of which includes a power generating unit and separators disposed on both surfaces of the power generating unit, in which the separators each include a metal base material, a carbon layer made of carbon and formed on a first surface of the metal base material on a power generating unit side, and a titanium nitride layer made of titanium nitride and formed on a second surface of the metal base material opposite to the first surface.

Abstract: Methods are provided for designing a microchannel layout for a flow field of a bipolar plate. The methods include defining a fluid flow optimization domain with boundary conditions and loads. Using a gradient-based algorithm together with computational fluid dynamics, the domain is then optimized for minimum flow resistance. The methods include setting the minimum inverse permeability to a non-zero value, and obtaining a grayscale design and fluid velocity field. Using Gray-Scott reaction diffusion equations with the grayscale design and fluid velocity field, the method includes obtaining a microchannel layout. The microchannel layout is then incorporated as a pattern for the flow field of the bipolar plate. In various aspects, anisotropic microchannels are provided; they may be formed using at least one of an additive manufacturing technique, a metal inverse opal electroplating technique, and a hybrid combination thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a fuel cell, comprising: an anode; a cathode; and a membrane electrode assembly disposed between the anode and the cathode. The anode may comprise a gas diffusion layer with one or more channels for directing a source material through the gas diffusion layer of the anode to facilitate processing of the source material to generate an electrical current. The one or more channels may comprise one or more features configured to enhance a diffusion of the source material through the gas diffusion layer of the anode. The source material may comprise hydrogen and nitrogen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for evaluating a performance of a fuel cell stack, and more particularly, to an apparatus for evaluating a performance of a fuel cell stack, in which a guide unit and an arm are provided on an anode end plate and a cathode end plate, respectively, to minimize an inclination of the fuel cell stack caused by a shrinkage of a sealant.

Abstract: To provide a gas diffusion layer that allows reducing an increase in contact resistance with a separator and also allows reducing deterioration of gas diffusivity. The gas diffusion layer is disposed in contact with a separator including a grooved fluid flow passage. The gas diffusion layer includes a diffusion layer substrate and a water-repellent layer. The diffusion layer substrate has a ratio of a pore diameter to a thickness of 0.35 or more. The water-repellent layer is disposed on a surface of the diffusion layer substrate. The diffusion layer substrate is made of a carbon fiber. A content rate of the carbon fiber is 30% or more.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor that includes a multilayer body element having a number of first layers that are laminated together, the multilayer body element having first and second main surfaces that oppose each other in a lamination direction, first and second side surface that oppose each other in a width direction, and first and second end surfaces that oppose each other in a length direction; a sealing portion covering the first and the second main surfaces and the first and the second side surfaces, wherein in the first layers, a cutting region is formed at an end of the multilayer body element on a side of the second end surface and a sealing portion filled with a sealing material in the cutting region is exposed at the second end surface.

Abstract: A gas diffusion electrode is provided that enables the achievement of a fuel cell which has high drainage performance and maintains good power generation performance, while exhibiting high power generation performance particularly at a low temperature (40° C.), if used in the fuel cell. The gas diffusion electrode includes a microporous layer on at least one surface of a conductive porous substrate, wherein the microporous layer has a fluorine compound region having a length of 3-10 ?m and a void having a length of 3-10 ?m.

Abstract: In a fuel cell stack and a method of producing the fuel cell stack, a first thickness of a first rubber seal member in a stacking direction before a tightening load is applied to a stack body is set such that, when the tightening load is applied to the stack body, a first amount of deformation of the first rubber seal member in the stacking direction is larger than a second amount of deformation of a top part of a first seal bead in the stacking direction.

Abstract: A porous body for a fuel cell is interposed between a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) and a bipolar plate to form a gas channel through which a reactant gas flows in a predetermined direction, the porous body including: a main body disposed to contact the bipolar plate; and a plurality of ribs each including a land portion disposed to contact the MEA and a connecting portion connecting the land portion to the main body, in which an area of the land portion is gradually narrowed from an upstream part to a downstream part of the gas channel.

Abstract: A bipolar plate with an enhanced fluid flow field design is provided for improved flow uniformity. The bipolar plate includes an inlet, an outlet, and a flow field having a pattern defining a plurality of microchannels configured to provide fluid communication between the inlet and the outlet. The pattern includes a plurality of channels with discrete areas of discontinuity to direct fluid from the inlet to the outlet. The pattern is designed using an inverse permeability field and is based on a reaction-diffusion algorithm to model channel spacing, thereby providing a variable pitch microchannel pattern. In various aspects, Gray-Scott reaction-diffusion equations may be used to obtain an anisotropic microchannel layout. Methods may include optimizing a porous media model domain for one of: a minimum flow resistance across the domain, a uniform velocity across a direction of the domain, and a minimum velocity across a direction of the domain.

Abstract: Various embodiments include fuel cell interconnects having a fuel distribution portion having an inlet opening, a fuel collection portion having an outlet opening, and a primary fuel flow field containing channels, wherein the fuel distribution portion comprises at least one raised feature defining a fuel distribution flow path, and the fuel distribution flow path is not continuous with the channels in the primary fuel flow field. The at least one raised feature may include, for example, a network of ribs and/or dots. Further embodiments include interconnects having a fuel distribution portion with a variable surface depth to provide variable flow restriction and/or a plenum with variable surface depth and raised a raised relief feature on the cathode side, and/or varying flow channel depths and/or rib heights adjacent a fuel hole.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fuel cell stack having a cathode-side separator and an anode-side separator which are made of different materials to prevent performance degradation of stacks and corrosion and damage of components. A fuel cell stack according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may have multiple unit cells stacked therein, in which each unit cell of the multiple unit cells may include: a membrane electrode assembly (MEA); a pair of gas diffusion layers (GDLs) disposed on opposite surfaces of the MEA; and an anode-side separator and a cathode-side separator disposed to face each other, the MEA and the pair of GDLs being disposed therebetween, in which the cathode-side separator has a corrosion resistance higher than a corrosion resistance of the anode-side separator.

Abstract: A method of producing an MEA includes a first joining step of joining an anode to one surface of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane to thereby form a joint body and a second joining step of joining a cathode to another surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane. In the first joining step, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is attracted by suction and heated through the anode placed on a suction/heating surface of a suction/heating plate. In the second joining step, a stack body of the joint body and the cathode is pressed and heated in a stacking direction, between the suction/heating surface and a heating plate.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack assembly includes first and second bipolar plates, an active area membrane, and an optional subgasket. The first bipolar plate defines a first plurality of tunnels and the second bipolar plate defines a second plurality of tunnels. The second plurality of tunnels may be engaged with and nested between the first plurality of tunnels. The active area membrane may be disposed within an internal periphery of a subgasket between the first and second bipolar plates wherein the subgasket may, optionally, be positioned between the first and second plurality of tunnels.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, including a positive electrode current collector, a conductive layer which is disposed directly or indirectly on the positive electrode current collector, and which includes a conductive particle, a polymer particle, and a fluororesin or a resin including a structural unit derived from a nitrile group-containing monomer, and a positive electrode active material layer disposed directly or indirectly on the conductive layer, as well as a lithium ion secondary battery using the same.

Abstract: Provided is an end cell heater for a fuel cell capable of preventing water existing in reaction cells of a fuel cell stack from being frozen to improve initial start ability and initial driving performance of the fuel cell at the time of cold-starting the fuel cell during winter by disposing heaters on end cells disposed at both ends of the fuel cell stack and capable of securing air-tightness and pressure resistance properties of air passages and fuel passages formed in the end cell.

Abstract: There are included a preparing step of preparing a separator base member having a core member of which surfaces are coated with a coating material having a higher radioparency than that of the core member; a press-forming step of press-forming the separator base member in a predetermined shape; and an examining step of examining the separator base member after the press-forming step using an X-ray having an output at which the X-ray passes through the coating material.

Abstract: A first metal separator of a power generation cell includes boss pairs. Each of the boss pairs includes two first bosses provided adjacent to a hole and adjacent to each other between a passage bead and an oxygen-containing gas flow field. A gap facing the hole is formed between the two first bosses. The second metal separator includes one second boss facing the boss pair through a resin film. The second boss extends over the two first bosses as viewed in a separator thickness direction.

Abstract: An input reactant flow guiding arrangement for a solid oxide electrolyzer cell includes a flow distribution area and a flow outlet area, each on the flow field plate. The arrangement guides input reactant flow to the flow distribution area from sides of the electrolyzer cell, and turns at least one of the input reactant feed flow and the input reactant outlet flow to equalize flow distribution on an electrolyte element. A reactant flow adjusting structure with flow restriction orifices has at least one geometrical shape for adjusting homogenously at least one of the input reactant feed flow and input reactant outlet flow over an electrolyte element based on a flow functional effect of the at least one geometrical shape of the flow adjusting structure, the flow adjusting structure having flow restriction orifices of definable height and a gasket structure having at least partly an elliptical shape.

Abstract: A fuel cell anode flow field includes at least one flow channel with a cross-sectional area that varies along at least a portion of its length. In some embodiments, the channel width decreases along at least a portion of the channel length according to a natural exponential function. This type of anode flow field can improve performance, reduce fuel consumption and/or reduce detrimental effects such as carbon corrosion and catalyst degradation, thereby improving fuel cell longevity and durability. When operating the fuel cell on either a substantially pure or a dilute fuel stream, this type of anode flow field can provide more uniform current density. These flow channels can be incorporated into reactant flow field plates, fuel cells and fuel cell stacks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polar plate for a fuel cell, comprising at least one single plate with two opposing main sides, wherein the single plate has, on at least one of its main sides: elevations and free spaces arranged therebetween, which form a flow structure for an operating medium of the fuel cell; and spring projections which are arranged on the elevations and are designed to yield in case of a force effect taking place orthogonally to the main sides. Furthermore, the invention relates to a fuel cell stack with a polar plate according to the invention.

Abstract: The present application relates to a battery module and an end plate of the battery module. The end plate includes a body and connecting plates connected to edges of the body. The body has a different material from that of the connecting plate. The connecting plates extend along a height direction of the battery module. The body is fixedly connected to side plates of the battery module through the connecting plates. When the end plate is designed, the body can utilize a lower density material, so that the thickness of the body can be appropriately increased, which enables the case of the battery module to be not easily deformed due to the battery's expansion force. Further, the connecting plate can employ a material capable of improving the weld strength between the end plates and the side plates.

Abstract: A bipolar plate assembly for a fuel cell includes a cathode plate disposed adjacent an anode plate. The cathode and anode plates are formed having a first thickness of a low contact resistance, high corrosion resistance material by a deposition process. The first and second unipolar plates are formed on a removable substrate, and a first perimeter of the first unipolar plate is welded to a second perimeter of the second unipolar plate to form a hermetically sealed coolant flow path.

Abstract: A separator for a fuel cell includes a thin metal plate, a protrusion formed on the thin metal plate, a gas passage formed by the protrusion, and a trap that is formed by forming a recess in a wall portion of the protrusion such that the trap is provided in the gas passage to correspond to the recess.

Abstract: A bipolar plate for a fuel cell comprises a fiber reinforcement structure containing thermoplastically bonded carbon fibers, the fiber reinforcement structure being multilayered and comprising a plurality of fiber reinforcement structure layers, at least two of which contain thermoplastically bonded carbon fibers.

Abstract: A fuel cell is provided that includes a cell structure, a pair of separators and a plurality of at least partially porous ribs. The cell structure includes an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte membrane, the anode and the cathode being laminated on opposite sides of the electrolyte membrane, respectively. The separators are disposed on both surfaces of the cell structure with gas passages being defined by the separators and the cell structure for circulating two types of gas for power generation. The porous ribs porous ribs are disposed successively on an entire cross-section of the gas passage in a transverse direction with a flow direction of the gas for power generation.

Abstract: An amorphous carbon film contains carbon as a main component, not more than 30 at. % of hydrogen, not more than 20 at. % of nitrogen and not more than 3 at. % of oxygen (all excluding 0 at. %), and when the total amount of the carbon is taken as 100 at. %, the amount of carbon having an sp2 hybrid orbital is not less than 70 at. % and less than 100 at. %. Nitrogen and oxygen are concentrated on a surface side of the film and when detected from a surface layer by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, oxygen content ratio is not less than 4 at. % and not more than 15 at. % and nitrogen content ratio is not less than 10 at. % and not more than 30 at. %.

Abstract: A bipolar plate, including conductive sheets, and in which flow channels are made between the conductive sheets and are in communication with a coolant inlet and outlet manifolds. An outer face of a conductive sheet includes first ribs delimiting reactant flow channels, and a second rib extending on the side of the reactant flow channels. A sealing gasket extends at least partially on the second rib. The outer face of the conductive sheet further includes third ribs extending between a first rib and the second rib, between which an alternation of third ribs and of indentation is formed. The sheets are in contact at the level of indentations, and respective passages are formed under the third ribs.