Abstract: A charging/discharging overcurrent protection circuit and method. The circuit includes: an internal resistance sensing module, for sensing total internal resistance of serial charge/discharge switch transistors according to a preconfigured ratio in a charging/discharging state; a voltage selection module, connected to the internal resistance sensing module, for switching between different links according to a voltage gating switch so as to be connected to the internal resistance sensing module, to output a charging detection voltage and a charging reference voltage in a charging state, and output a discharging detection voltage and a discharging reference voltage in a discharging state; and an overcurrent signal generation module, connected to the voltage selection module, for switching between different inputs according to an input gating switch so as to generate a charging/discharging overcurrent protection signal according to a comparison result.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing system includes a gas discharger provided at a battery pack and configured to discharge gas in the battery pack, a gas channel configured so that the gas produced from the battery pack and discharged through the gas discharger flows through the gas channel when a fire occurs, an extinguishing agent tank in which an extinguishing agent is kept, a heat exchange channel provided in the extinguishing agent tank, connected to the gas channel so that the gas supplied through the gas channel flows through the heat exchange channel, and facilitating heat exchange between the gas flowing through the heat exchange channel and the extinguishing agent kept in the extinguishing agent tank, and a nozzle provided at the battery pack, connected to the extinguishing agent tank through an extinguishing agent supply channel, and supplying the extinguishing agent, which is supplied from the extinguishing agent tank, into the battery pack.

Abstract: An adaptive pre-charge control circuit includes include a high-voltage switch and a control circuit. The high-voltage switch controls the flow of current between an electric battery and a DC link capacitor, the electric battery to supply power to an electric vehicle. The DC link capacitor is made up of a sum of individual input capacitors of multiple subunits within an electric vehicle. The control circuit sends a PWM signal to the high-voltage switch based on a difference between an electric battery voltage and a DC link capacitor voltage.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material powder comprising lithium transition metal-based oxide particles, said particles comprising a core and a surface layer, said surface layer being on top of said core, said particles comprising the elements: Li, a metal M? and oxygen, wherein the metal M? has a formula: M?=(Niz(Ni0.5Mn0.5)yCox)1-kAk, wherein A is a dopant, 0.60?z?0.86, 0.05?y?0.20, 0.05?x?0.20, x+y+z+k=1, and k?0.01, said positive electrode active material powder having a median particle size D50 ranging from 5 ?m to 15 ?m and a surface layer thickness ranging from 10 nm to 200 nm, said surface layer comprising: sulfur in a content superior or equal to 0.150 wt % and inferior or equal to 0.375 wt % with respect to the total weight of the positive electrode active material powder, and aluminum in a content superior or equal to 0.05 wt % and inferior or equal to 0.15 wt % with respect to the total weight of the positive electrode active material powder.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material powder suitable for lithium-ion batteries comprises lithium transition metal-based oxide particles, said particles comprising a core and a surface layer, said surface layer being on top of said core, said particles comprising the elements: Li, M? and oxygen, wherein M? has a formula: M?=NizMnyCoxAk, wherein A is a dopant, 0.60?z?0.89, 0.05?y?0.20, 0.05?x?0.20, x+y+z+k=1, and k?0.01. The positive electrode active material powder has a median particle size D50 ranging from 5 ?m to 15 ?m, a span ranging from 0.25 to 0.90, and a surface layer thickness ranging from 10 nm to 200 nm. The surface layer comprises: sulfur in a content superior or equal to 0.150 wt % and inferior or equal to 0.375 wt % with respect to the total weight of the positive electrode active material powder, and aluminum in a content superior or equal to 0.05 wt % and inferior or equal to 0.15 wt % with respect to the total weight of the positive electrode active material powder.

Abstract: Presented are electrochemical devices with in-stack pressure sensors, methods for making/using such devices, and battery cells with electrode stacks having an electrode separator assembly with a piezoelectric layer for in-stack pressure sensing and dendrite cleaning. An electrochemical device, such as a lithium-class secondary battery cell for example, includes a device housing with an ion-conducting electrolyte located inside the device housing. A stack of working electrodes is also located inside the device housing, in electrochemical contact with the electrolyte. At least one electrode separator assembly is located inside the device housing, interposed between a neighboring pair of the working electrodes. The electrode separator assembly includes a pair of separator layers that transmit therethrough the ions of the electrolyte, and a piezoelectric layer that is interposed between the two separator layers.

Abstract: Proposed is a method and an apparatus for automatically detecting the number of battery packs in an ESS. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method includes calculating the number of analog front-ends (AFEs) through measurement of voltage of an entire ESS, confirming the number of AFEs using serial communication with the AFEs, determining whether the number of AFEs calculated through the measurement of voltage of the entire ESS and the number of AFEs determined through the serial communication with the AFEs are the same, and when the number of AFEs calculated through the measurement of voltage of the entire ESS and the number of AFEs confirmed through the serial communication with the AFEs are the same, calculating the number of battery packs using the number of AFEs.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a battery stack including a plurality of battery cells and a case member in which the battery stack is housed. The case member includes an end wall part located on one end of the battery stack in a stacking direction and continuously integrated with a floor part, and a mounting-shape part located on an opposite end from the end wall part and configured to mount a panel-shaped member. The battery stack is retained in the case member while being held by compression between the end wall part and the end panel on the other end. The end panel is pressed against the mounting-shape part in a direction away from the end wall part by compression reaction force of the battery stack, and fixed therein.

Abstract: A battery cell assembly, including a rolled cell formed from a first electrode and a second electrode rolled together about a longitudinal axis. The rolled cell includes a primary section in which the first electrode and the second electrode overlap in a radial direction from the longitudinal axis, and a first extension end extending from a first longitudinal end of the primary section and formed from a first edge section of the first electrode. The first edge section includes a first folded portion folded to contact an adjacent portion of the first edge section. The battery cell assembly further includes a first end cap coupled to the rolled cell and contacting the first folded portion.

Abstract: When DC power to be supplied from a main power supply device drops and a voltage to be input to a load falls below a predetermined threshold value, a microcomputer controls a switch unit so as to start an ON-operation for supplying the DC power from a sub power supply device to the load, and when the DC power to be supplied from the main power supply device recovers, the microcomputer controls the switch unit so as to start an OFF-operation for restricting the DC power to be supplied from the sub power supply device to the load, restrict supply of the DC power from the sub power supply device to the load so that a voltage to be input to the load does not fall below a predetermined threshold value until a predetermined time has elapsed since start of the OFF-operation, and set supply of the DC power from the sub power supply device to the load to zero after the predetermined time has elapsed.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

Abstract: At least one aspect is direct to a system. The system can include a data processing system including one or more processors, coupled to memory. The data processing system can receive a data packet from a battery pack, the data packet indicating a characteristic of the battery pack. The data processing system can select, based on an identifier associated with the battery pack, a decoding scheme associated with the identifier. The data processing system can decode the data packet with the decoding scheme to generate a message. The data processing system can cause a computing device to display the message indicating the characteristic of the battery pack.

Abstract: Presented are smart vehicle systems and control logic for battery thermal event detection and severity assessment, methods for making/using such systems, and vehicles equipped with such systems. A method of operating a vehicle includes a resident or remote vehicle controller detecting a thermal event in at least one battery cell in the vehicle's battery system and, upon detection, monitoring the vehicle's surrounding area to detect target objects near the vehicle. Responsive to detecting any target objects near the vehicle, the controller aggregates target object data, including a total number of detected target objects and respective proximities of the detected target objects to the vehicle. Using this target object data, a situational severity level is estimated for the thermal event; the controller determines if the severity level exceeds a maximum allowable severity level. If so, the controller responsively commands a vehicle subsystem to execute a control operation to mitigate the event.

Abstract: A degassing unit has a basic body with an inner discharge portion, an annular chamber an outer discharge portion. The body is to be fixed at a perforation of a cylinder residual air space. The inner discharge portion has an inner discharge channel and an inner annular body. The inner discharge channel connects the air space to the chamber. The inner annular body covers an intermediate outlet of the inner discharge channel and defines a first pressure barrier in a discharge direction and a second sealing plane in an inlet direction. The outer discharge portion has an outer discharge channel and an outer annular body. The outer channel connects the chamber to atmosphere via an intermediate inlet at the chamber and an outer outlet to atmosphere. The outer annular body covers the outer outlet and defines a second pressure barrier in an outlet direction and a second sealing plane in an inlet direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery pack, which includes a plurality of battery modules and a pack case in which the battery modules are fixedly installed, the battery case includes a pack tray located at a lower portion of the battery modules, and a pack cover coupled with the pack tray to cover the battery modules, and each of the battery modules is fixedly coupled to the pack cover and includes battery cells arranged in one direction, a module case for accommodating the battery cells in an inner space thereof, and a rigid beam disposed between the battery cells inside the module case.

Abstract: A battery data management system includes a communication device for obtaining state data of a battery from a battery management system and transmitting the state data of the battery to an outside and a management server for managing the state data of the battery, received from the communication device through a first network.

Abstract: A temperature measuring apparatus for measuring a temperature of a battery pack is provided. A first resistor is connected between a first power supply and a first node, and a second resistor is connected between a second node and a second power supply. A temperature-variable resistive element whose resistance is varied depending on a temperature is connected to between the first node and the second node. A processor measures the temperature of the battery pack based on at least one of a first temperature measured based on a voltage of the first node and a second temperature measured based on a voltage of the second node.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a circuit board, a battery cell, an exterior case having a cylindrical shape, and a pair of external terminals respectively provided at both ends of the exterior case, in which each of the external terminals includes an inserted portion to be inserted into the exterior case and an uninserted portion not to be inserted into the exterior case, at least a part of the circuit board is disposed between the battery cell and the external terminals, and an elastic resin is provided so as to be in contact with the battery cell, the at least part of the circuit board, and the external terminals.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a secondary battery including: a cap assembly including a cap plate including an electrode lead-out hole and an electrode terminal disposed on the cap plate; a current collector including a main body located at a side of the cap plate and an extending portion extending toward the electrode terminal, where the extending portion includes a top plate connected to the electrode terminal and a side plate connected to the main body, and the side plate and the top plate are configured to form a recess; and an insulating protection component including a column portion disposed in the recess, where surfaces of the side plate and the top plate which form the recess are in contact with the column portion and covered by the column portion.

Abstract: A coin-shaped cell containing a battery cell case having a bottom plate and side portion; a sealing plate; a gasket compressed and interposed between the side and a rim portion; power generation elements sealed by the case, the sealing plate, and the gasket; and a pressure-sensitive conductive film disposed on an outer surface of one of the case and the sealing plate. The pressure-sensitive conductive film includes a first elastomer layer that holds conductive particles, and a second elastomer layer which is disposed on at least one surface of the first elastomer layer and is in contact with at least a part of the conductive particles. An average particle diameter of the conductive particles is equal to or larger than a thickness of an elastomer part of the first elastomer layer, and the conductive particles are disposed in a single layer in a planar direction of the first elastomer layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a battery watchdog system for monitoring and managing batteries during short or extended storage and transit while ensuring low drain on a client battery being monitored. The battery watchdog system periodically powers the battery management system (BMS) of the client battery to retrieve battery information. The battery watchdog system can also collect battery information from other sensors (e.g., motion, ambient temperature, humidity, current, voltage, data integrity, and global positioning). The system can integrate data from the client battery and its own sensors to exploit algorithms and assess the battery's state, ambient conditions, potential hazards, and adherence to specific storage or transportation conditions. Further, the battery watchdog system can come equipped with onboard visual and audible indicators. And, in case of hazardous conditions, the system can autonomously activate its indicators to alert personnel.

Abstract: A battery module according to the present disclosure includes a plurality of cylindrical battery cells including a gas vent configured to discharge an internal gas and a busbar plate including a negative electrode connection terminal extending from an edge of a connection opening and having the extended part in contact with a negative electrode terminal to electrically connect the plurality of cylindrical battery cells wherein among a positive electrode connection terminal and the negative electrode connection terminal, the connection terminal in contact with a positive electrode terminal or a negative electrode terminal that is not opened by the gas vent includes a fuse portion configured to blow when a predetermined current or above flows from the cylindrical battery cell, the fuse portion having a bent structure that is bent in a horizontal direction at least once.

Abstract: In impact detection device to be mounted on power storage pack, an impact detection circuit compares detection values of three axes output from a three-axis accelerometer sensor with thresholds set to different values according to mechanical characteristics of power storage pack, and detects an impact outside an allowable range. For example, power storage pack includes wound cylindrical cells, and a threshold of an axis in a direction along a winding axis may be set to a value smaller in absolute value than thresholds of other two axes.

Abstract: An overcurrent protection circuit, a memory storage device, and an overcurrent protection method are disclosed. The overcurrent protection circuit includes a load switch, a first mirror circuit, a second mirror circuit, and a control circuit. The first mirror circuit is configured to generate a first node voltage in a state that a voltage difference between two terminals of the load switch is within a first voltage region. The second mirror circuit is configured to generate a second node voltage in a state that the voltage difference between the two terminals of the load switch is within a second voltage region. The control circuit is configured to cut off the load switch according to at least one of the first node voltage and the second node voltage to perform an overcurrent protection. The first voltage region is different from the second voltage region.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a positive electrode plate and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode active material including a core and a shell enveloping the core. A chemical formula of the core is Li1+xMn1?yAyP1?zRzO4, where the first coating layer includes a crystalline pyrophosphate LiaMP2O7 and/or Mb(P2O7)c, the second coating layer includes a crystalline phosphate XPO4, and the third coating layer is carbon. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes a first additive including one or more selected from a group consisting of compounds represented by formula 1 and compounds represented by formula 2.

Abstract: A device and a method for managing batteries of a vehicle are disclosed. The device may include: batteries arranged in a vehicle, a plurality of temperature sensors mounted at different locations of the batteries, and a controller that, when a failure occurs at an arbitrary temperature sensor among the plurality of temperature sensors, estimates a temperature value at the failed temperature sensor using big data, and controls discharge of the batteries based on the estimated temperature value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery pack, which includes a plurality of cell assemblies respectively having a cell housing for accommodating battery cells and arranged in a front and rear direction; a first metal plate mounted at a top portion of the cell housing and integrally contacting upper electrode terminals of the battery cells; and a second metal plate mounted at a bottom portion of the cell housing and integrally contacting lower electrode terminals of the battery cells. The cell housing includes a side portion that has a slit forming a gap into which a part of the first metal plate and a part of the second metal plate are bent and inserted in an upper and lower direction and a perforated hole formed in a direction intersecting the slit. The bent part of the first metal plate mounted to any one cell housing is overlapped with the bent part of the second metal plate mounted to another the cell housing adjacent thereto inside the perforated hole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery module simulation system and method for easily implementing pressure and temperature conditions in a battery module by easily changing the pressure and temperature applied to a battery cell in a pressure measurement test of the battery cell.

Abstract: This application provides a battery, an apparatus, a preparation method of battery, and a preparation apparatus of battery. The battery includes a first battery cell, a second battery cell, and a first thermal insulation member. The second battery cell is disposed adjacent to the first battery cell, an energy density of the second battery cell is less than that of the first battery cell, and the first thermal insulation member is disposed between the first battery cell and the second battery cell.

Abstract: A lithium primary battery including a current collecting wire that electrically connects an electrode body and a sealing body or a battery can, in which the electrode body includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, the negative electrode includes at least one selected from the group consisting of metal lithium and a lithium alloy, the current collecting wire includes a first lead connected to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, a second lead connected to the sealing body or the battery can, and an overdischarge suppressing element interposed between the first lead and the second lead, the overdischarge suppressing element includes a first metal layer connected to the first lead, with the first metal layer being thinner than the first lead, a second metal layer connected to the second lead, with the second metal layer being thinner than the second lead, and a conductive layer interposed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer disposed to face ea

Abstract: A system and method for system for controlling power supplied to electronic components (12) powered by a battery (11) of a vehicle (10), the system comprising: a vehicle control unit (14) including a controller (16) and a transmitter (18) for transmitting wirelessly vehicle control signals (20); a wireless latching relay (22) including a receiver (24) configured for receiving the vehicle control signals (20) from the transmitter (18), and a latching relay (26); wherein the relay (26) is connected in series with the negative terminal (25) or positive terminal (29) of the battery (11).

Abstract: An electrode body of a secondary battery described herein includes: a core portion where electrode mixture layers of a plurality of electrode sheets are laminated; terminal connecting portions where respective current collector foil exposed portions are laminated, and a mixture layer non-facing portion where the electrode mixture layer faces the current collector foil exposed portion, the mixture layer non-facing portion being formed in a boundary between the terminal connecting portion and the core portion. In the secondary battery described herein, a short-circuit promoting portion having a predetermined depth (d) is formed in a separator provided between the electrode sheets in the mixture layer non-facing portion.

Abstract: A protection assembly of a battery module and a battery module are provided, which include a base disposed with a supporting portion, an accommodating portion, and a separating portion. The supporting portion is configured to dispose a positive lead and/or a negative lead of a busbar. The accommodating portion is configured to accommodate a low-voltage connector for transmitting a signal of the battery module to a battery management system. The supporting portion and the accommodating portion are located on the same side of the battery module. The separating portion is located between the supporting portion and the accommodating portion, and is configured to separate the low-voltage connector from the positive lead and/or the negative lead. In the protection assembly of the battery module, the positive lead and/or the negative lead and the low-voltage connector are respectively disposed on the supporting portion and the accommodating portion.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode of a double-layer structure including a different type of particulate active material having a different average particle diameter, and a secondary battery including the same, and according to the present invention, the mechanical strength and stability of the electrode increases, and the secondary battery to which they are applied exhibits excellent discharge capacity.

Abstract: A shell for a battery cell includes a pressure relief mechanism that includes: a body; a first weakened portion arranged on the body, the first weakened portion having two first free ends, and a line connecting the two first free ends not completely overlapping with the first weakened portion and jointly defining a pressure relief portion; and a second weakened portion arranged on the body, a first projection of the first weakened portion on a plane perpendicular to a first direction not intersecting a second projection of the second weakened portion on the plane, the first direction being a thickness direction of the pressure relief portion. The pressure relief portion is configured to be opened with the first weakened portion as a boundary and flip toward one side where the second weakened portion is located when an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold.

Abstract: An electrode current collector for a lithium secondary battery includes two or more metal foil layers, and a heat-pressure conversion layer positioned between the two or more metal foil layers, wherein the heat-pressure conversion layer includes a heat-pressure exchange ceramic material, a conductive material, and an adhesive. An electrode including the current collector, and a lithium secondary battery including the electrode are also provided.

Abstract: Various implementations of a smart battery management system are provided. An example method includes identifying sensor data of a cell in a battery system; predicting, based on the sensor data, a failure event of the cell; and preventing the failure event by activating a control circuit connected to the cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to a battery shell, in particular a battery shell of a traction battery, the battery shell being formed from plastics material, the battery shell having a fastening system for fastening a component to the battery shell, the fastening system having a guide rail, an inner profile and a fastening element, the guide rail being integrally or interlockingly connected to the battery shell, the inner profile being guided by the guide rail, the fastening element being designed to establish a connection between the component and the inner profile.

Abstract: A control assembly, including: a control circuit, a battery module, and a first interface and a second interface configured to connect the control assembly with an external atomization module. The battery module is provided with a first lead penetrating therethrough. The first interface and a first pin of the control circuit are connected to two electrode terminals of the battery module, respectively. The second interface and a second pin of the control circuit are connected to two terminals of the first lead, respectively. The first pin is an atomization pin, and the second pin is a power pin; or alternatively, the first pin is the power pin, and the second pin is the atomization pin; or alternatively, the first pin is a ground pin, and the second pin is the atomization pin; or alternatively, the first pin is the atomization pin, and the second pin is the ground pin.

Abstract: Provided is a protection circuit capable of reliably preventing an overcurrent or a sneak current after cutoff to improve safety, implementing cost reduction with a device configuration simpler than conventional device configurations, and further reducing a failure rate of a device. In a protection circuit, after one of two fuse elements provided in each of a plurality of protection elements is blown due to an overcurrent flowing along a current-carrying path, a heater provided in at least one of the plurality of protection elements generates heat due to a sneak current flowing via the plurality of protection elements on the current-carrying path which is remained and the current-carrying path which is remained is cut off due to destruction of the heater.

Abstract: Provided are a sensing assembly and a battery module including the same, having improved economical efficiency in such a manner that a relatively expensive flexible printed circuit board is used in a smaller amount by allowing a relatively inexpensive rigid printed circuit board to replace a portion of the flexible printed circuit board used for a conventional sensing assembly.

Abstract: Battery pack (10) having a substantially sealed structure includes a plurality of cells (11-16) each having an opened portion provided in order to discharge an internal gas when an internal pressure rises. Non-resettable pressure switch (30, 31) that is connected to controller (50) by a signal line. The pressure switch changes irreversibly from a significant state to a non-significant state when a pressure in battery pack (10) is greater than a predetermined pressure threshold value.

Abstract: A battery system includes a battery cell assembly including at least two battery cell modules, a first main relay, a second main relay, a first sub-relay, and a second sub-relay, and in response to a fault being detected in a battery cell in one of battery cell modules, controlling the first and second main relays and the first and second sub-relays to stop operation of the battery cell module having the battery cell with the detected fault.

Abstract: Disclosed is a master battery management system (BMS) including: a transmission unit for transmitting a cell balancing start command signal and a temperature measurement command signal to a plurality of slave BMSs; a wired communication unit for transmitting a FAN ON signal to a plurality of fans after the transmission unit wirelessly transmits the cell balancing start command signal; a reception unit for receiving an association signal from an associated slave BMS having a difference in temperature of a printed circuit board (PCB) board of a corresponding slave BMS and a temperature of a PCB substrate of a corresponding slave BMS that is greater than a preset value; and a control unit for determining that the associated slave BMS is disposed in the same rack, and changing an ID and communication channel of the associated slave BMS to a specific value.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes an electrode assembly including first and second electrodes, an outer body having an opening and housing the electrode assembly, a conductive sealing plate sealing the opening, and a deformable member. The sealing plate has a first through-hole. The deformable member seals the first through-hole. When the opening of the outer body faces upward, a second electrode connecting member electrically connected to the second electrode is above the deformable member. A conductive conducting member is disposed between the second electrode connecting member and the deformable member. The diameter of the conducting member is larger than the diameter of the first through-hole. When the pressure inside the outer body becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the deformable member is deformed and brings the conducting member into contact with the second electrode connecting member and electrically connects the sealing plate and the second electrode connecting member.

Abstract: A device for depassivation of an energy storage device having an anode, a cathode and a core with an electrolyte, the device including: a first switch configured to provide a positive input voltage to the anode; a second switch configured to provide a negative input voltage to the anode; and a controller configured to: detect that a first predetermined event related to a buildup of passivation has occurred with regard to the energy storage device; switch between a positive input voltage and a negative input voltage provided to the anode at a frequency sufficient to depassivate the anode; discontinue the switching when a second predetermined event related to passivation has occurred.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a terminal component that can reduce thermal deterioration due to beam irradiation to a metal joining portion. A terminal component disclosed herein includes a first member formed of a metal and a plate-like second member formed of a metal, and a metal joining portion joined by metal joining is formed in a boundary surface where the first member and the second member are stacked. On a surface of the second member in an opposite side to the boundary surface, a raised portion raised from the surface is formed in a peripheral portion close to the metal joining portion.

Abstract: A protection element (10) of the present invention has a substrate (11), a first fuse element (12) and a second fuse element (13) connected in series on the substrate (11), a heater (14) connected between the first fuse element (12) and the second fuse element (13), a third upper electrode part (17) connected between the first fuse element (12) and the second fuse element (13) and connected to the heater (14) in series, a first conduction part (18) connected to the third upper electrode part (17) and having a lower resistance value than the heater (14), and a third lower electrode part (19) connected to the first conduction part (18) and configured to be connectable to an external protection circuit.

Abstract: A semiconductor device that inhibits deterioration of a secondary battery is provided. The semiconductor device includes a secondary battery module and a first circuit. The secondary battery module includes a secondary battery and a sensor. The first circuit includes a variable resistor. The sensor has a function of measuring a temperature of the secondary battery. The first circuit has a function of judging the charge voltage of the secondary battery and outputting a first result; a function of judging the temperature of the secondary battery measured by the sensor and outputting a second result; a function of determining the magnitude of the variable resistor on the basis of the first result and the second result; a function of discharging the charge voltage through the variable resistor; and a function of stopping discharge when the charge voltage reaches a specified voltage.