Abstract: A process for producing a liquid developer includes: providing a dispersion liquid containing an aqueous dispersion medium and toner mother particles including a rosin resin; chemically modifying surfaces of the toner mother particles with an amine-based material by mixing the amine-based material with the dispersion liquid to obtain toner particles; and dispersing the toner particles in an insulating liquid.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulation liquid, and toner particles that are dispersed in the insulation liquid. Fatty acid monoester is unevenly distributed in the vicinity of surfaces of the toner particles, and the insulation liquid contains unsaturated fatty acid triglyceride.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes: an aqueous medium; and a magnetic toner which is substantially dispersed in the aqueous medium and includes a polymer compound and a magnetic powder, the amount of the magnetic powder being from about 0.2 volume % to about 5 volume % with respect to the magnetic toner.

Abstract: To provide a wet developer which is capable of improving fixability, while ensuring a sufficient heat-resistant storage property. The wet developer contains toner particles composed of a colorant and a binder resin, which are dispersed in a non-volatile carrier solution by using a dispersant. As the binder resin, a polyester resin, which has an alcohol component containing a mixture of an ethylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A and a propylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A, with a ratio thereof being 1:19 to 10:10 (weight ratio), is used.

Abstract: A printing method comprising: forming a first image utilizing a liquid toner comprising carrier liquid and pigmented polymer particles having a first color; transferring the first image to an intermediate transfer member; forming at least one additional image utilizing a liquid toner comprising at least one carrier liquid and pigmented polymer particles having a second color, different from the first color; transferring the at least one additional image to the intermediate transfer member overlaid on the first image, to form a composite image on the intermediate transfer member; and further transferring the composite image to a further substrate, wherein said polymer particles in said first liquid toner and in at least one of said additional liquid toners have different compositions, aside from colorants, the differences in composition including at least one of different polymers or blends of polymers, different amounts or types of placticizers, different amounts of solvated liquid and different compositions

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid developer in which in liquid developers for electrophotography or electrostatic recording obtained using the coacervation method, electric resistance of the liquid developer and the electrophoretic property or the charging characteristic of the toner particles are adequately maintained, and the dispersibility of a pigment and the dispersion stability of the toner particles are good. A liquid developer formed by dispersing colored resin particles comprising at least a pigment, a dispersant and a resin in a hydrocarbon insulating medium using a coacervation method, wherein said dispersant is a carbodiimide compound having at least one basic nitrogen-containing group and at least one polyester side chain introduced through a reaction with a carbodiimide group in its molecule, and said resin is an acid group-containing resin and the acid value of the resin is 1 to 100.

Abstract: A liquid developer is provided. The liquid developer comprises an insulation liquid, toner particles dispersed in the insulation liquid, a dispersant dissolved in the insulation liquid; and a charge control agent dissolved in the insulation liquid. The charge control agent is represented by the following chemical formula (I): wherein in the chemical formula (I) R1 represents an alkyl group or alkenyl group having a carbon number in the range of 8 to 22, and R2 represents a hydroxyalkyl group. The liquid developer has both superior dispersibility and a charge characteristic of toner particles. Further, an image forming apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulating liquid; toner particles constituted by a material containing a polyester resin; and an alkyl diamine and an amide compound having a hydroxy fatty acid skeleton as dispersants.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulating liquid; toner particles mainly constituted by a resin material; and a dispersant having an amine value, wherein a power of hydrogen ion concentration pH of the liquid developer at 24° C. is from 4 to 7.

Abstract: A liquid developer of the type that is positively-charged is provided. The liquid developer includes an insulation liquid, and toner particles dispersed in the insulation liquid, wherein each of the toner particles includes a toner matrix particle mainly made of a polyester resin and a positively-charged polymeric dispersant adhering to the surface of the toner matrix particle. The polymeric dispersant is preferably of the type that an amino group is contained in its molecule, or of the type that an ester structure is contained in its molecule. Further, the polyester resin is preferably of the type that a —SO3? group is contained in its molecule. The liquid developer has excellent positively-chargeable charging characteristics and fixing characteristics.

Abstract: A charged toner particle for use in printing a light emitting device, the particle comprising: a polymer; and electroluminescent particles dispersed in the polymer, wherein when the toner is printed the electroluminescent particles in the printed toner are spatially substantially static.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulation liquid, toner particles dispersed in the insulation liquid, which at least a part of the surface of each of the toner particles contains a rosin resin and a dispersant improving dispersibility of the toner particles in the insulation liquid, which the dispersant is consisted of a material having a predetermined amine value. The liquid developer described above has superior positive charge property of toner particles and which has superior dispersibility of the toner particles for a long period of time. Further, an image forming apparatus that can suitably use such a liquid developer is also provided.

Abstract: A resin particle liquid dispersion for an electrostatic image developing toner comprises: a terminal addition-polymerized polyester having an acid value of from about 5 to about 70 mg·KOH/g, and the terminal addition-polymerized polyester is obtained by a process comprising: polycondensing a polycondensable monomer having a composition comprising the components (a) to (c) described in the specification to obtain a polyester having an addition-polymerizable unsaturated group at a terminal; and addition-polymerizing the addition-polymerizable unsaturated group of the polyester having an addition-polymerizable unsaturated group at a terminal.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes: an insulating liquid; toner particles constituted by a resin material as a main component; and a dispersing agent expressed by Formula (I): H2N—R—NH—R???(I) (where, R denotes an alkylene group having a carbon number of to 6 and R? denotes an alkyl group having a carbon number of 8 to 24).

Abstract: A printing method comprising: forming a first image utilizing a liquid toner comprising carrier liquid and pigmented polymer particles having a first color; transferring the first image to an intermediate transfer member, forming at least one additional image utilizing a liquid toner comprising at least one carrier liquid and pigmented polymer particles having a second color, different from the first color, transferring the at least one additional image to the intermediate transfer member overlaid on the first image, to form a composite image on the intermediate transfer member; and further transferring the composite image to a further substrate, wherein said polymer particles in said first liquid toner and in at least one of said additional liquid toners have different compositions, aside from colorants, the differences in composition including at least one of different polymers or blends of polymers, different amounts or types of plasticizers, different amounts of solvated liquid and different compositions

Abstract: A liquid developing agent includes a toner particle having a nuclear particle and a covering layer containing a wax, provided on the surface of the nuclear particle in which the wax has at least one of polar groups and aromatic substituent groups, is substantially insoluble in an electric insulation solvent at room temperature, has a melting point below a boiling point of the electric insulation solvent, and is dissolved in the insulation solvent at a temperature higher than the melting point.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulating liquid containing a fatty acid monoester and a toner particle constituted mainly of a resin material, the main toner particle being shaped in a disc form.

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of this disclosure include ink composition for use in electrostatic imaging, method of making an ink formulation for use in electrostatic imaging, and the like.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulation liquid containing a fatty acid monoester and toner particles comprised of a resin material, the resin material containing a first resin component and a second resin component of which weight-average molecular weight Mw2 is larger than a weight-average molecular weight Mw1 of the first resin component. The first resin component and the second resin component are characterized in that the weight-average molecular weight Mw1 of the first resin component is in the range of 3,000 to 12,000, the weight-average molecular weight Mw2 of the second resin component is in the range of 20,000 to 400,000, and when an amount of the first resin component contained in the resin material is defined as A (wt %) and an amount of the second resin component contained in the resin material is defined as B (wt %), A and B satisfy a relation: 1.0?A/B?9.0. The liquid developer described above is harmless to the environment.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulation liquid containing a fatty acid monoester and toner particles comprised of a resin material. The resin material is characterized in that a weight-average molecular weight Mw of the resin material is in the range of 20,000 to 200,000, and an amount of a component of which molecular weight M is 10,000 or less contained in the resin material is in the range of 5 to 40 wt %. The liquid developer described above is harmless to the environment. Further, the liquid developer also has superior preservability or storage stability and superior fixing characteristics at a low temperature. An image forming apparatus that can suitably use such a liquid developer is also provided.

Abstract: A liquid electrostatographic toner or liquid ink jet ink prepared by the steps of heating a marking particle mix of particles of a resin and a colourant blend in a carrier liquid to a temperature between about the first softening point of the resin and about the second softening point of the resin, maintaining the temperature of the heated marking particle mix for a selected period of time, cooling the marking particle mix to room temperature, and mixing the marking particle mix with high shear. The particle mix can be produced by coarse grinding in a ball mill. The resultant toner or ink has an improved Newtonian like flow behaviour, improved electrical properties, reduced sedimentation and agglomeration and significantly improved optical density and reduced background.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes a toner particle mainly composed of a resin material, and a nonvolatile insulating liquid, the resin material including an ethylene copolymer, and the insulating liquid including fatty acid triglyceride.

Abstract: Liquid toners suitable for use in the electrostatic printing of functional materials to produce microstructures such as ribs, electrodes, spacers or filters, and methods of producing the liquid toners. The functional materials, which may include metals, glass and phosphors, are suspended as particles in a dilutent, which may be a non-polar liquid. The surface, or portions of the surface, of the functional material particles are given an appropriate acidic or hydroxyl functionality necessary for their use in electrostatic imaging either by etching or by coating with a material having the appropriate surface functionality.

Abstract: Methods of printing with a liquid electrophotographic toner composition prepared within an electrophotgraphic printing apparatus are provided, wherein a polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions is first prepared in a reaction solvent, wherein the reaction solvent comprises less than about 10% aromatic components by weight and has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL. Toner particles are then formulated in the reaction solvent and dried. The dried toner particles are then redispersed in a carrier liquid.

Abstract: An electrostatic latent image developing magenta toner includes at least quinacridone pigment, naphthol pigment, and a release agent. Colorant of the toner satisfies conditions (a) and (b): (a) an average primary particle size D50 of a quinacridone pigment represented by formula (1) and an average primary particle size D50 of a naphthol pigment represented by formula (2) are such that the average primary particle size D50 of the quinacridone pigment is smaller than the average primary particle size D50 of the naphthol pigment; and (b) the average primary particle size D50 of the quinacridone pigment is greater than 20 nm, and the average primary particle size D50 of the naphthol pigment is smaller than 200 nm. Formula (1): Here, each of R1, R2, R3, and R4 is selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, and Cl, R1 and R2 are different from each other, and R3 and R4 are different from each other.

Abstract: Disclosed is a birefringent marking material comprising a vehicle for the marking material and birefringent nanoparticles having an average particle size of less than about 700 nm. The birefringent marking material, such as an ink or a toner, can be used to provide a security marking on or in an item, thereby enabling authentication of the item containing the image formed using the birefringent marking material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid toner and imaging apparatus provided with an imaging surface having a liquid toner image formed thereon on fibrous toner particles and carrier liquid. The fibrous toner particles can be composed of a polymer portion and pigment dispersed therein, where the polymer portion comprises a surface of the fibrous toner particles and is insoluble in the carrier liquid at temperatures below 40° C., so that the polymer portion will not dissolve or solvate in storage. The polymer portion also is solvatable by the carrier liquid only at temperatures above 50° C. The carrier liquid has, as a major component, first liquid hydrocarbon having a first rate of evaporation, and, as a minor component, second liquid hydrocarbon having a second rate of evaporation which, at room temperature, is at least an order of magnitude less than the first rate of evaporation.

Abstract: An electrophoretic particle including: a pigment particle having an average particle diameter of 1 ?m or smaller; and a polymer layer having an average thickness of 1 to 500 nm formed on a surface of the pigment particle, wherein 50% or higher of an entire surface of the pigment particle is coated with the polymer layer. The electrophoretic particle can be produced by radical polymerization using a polymerization initiator in a state where a pigment particle and monomer components are present in a solvent. The electrophoretic particle can be used in a microcapsule and a sheet for electrophoretic display, as well as an electrophoretic display device and an electronic equipment.

Abstract: Methods of preparing a liquid electrographic toner composition are provided, wherein a polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions is first prepared in a reaction solvent, wherein the reaction solvent comprises less than about 10% aromatic components by weight and has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL. Toner particles are then formulated in the reaction solvent and dried. The dried toner particles are then redispersed in a carrier liquid that has substantially the same chemical constitution as the reaction solvent to form a redispersed liquid electrographic toner composition. Products and kits are also provided.

Abstract: A liquid developer having superior fixing characteristic of toner particles to a recording medium and which is harmless to the environment, and an image forming apparatus using the liquid developer are provided. The liquid developer is comprised of an insulation liquid and toner particles dispersed in the insulation liquid, wherein the insulation liquid contains a first vegetable oil and a reaction product produced by an ester exchange reaction of a second vegetable oil and a monovalent alcohol.

Abstract: The liquid storage apparatus includes: a liquid storage chamber which is constituted by a flexible bag member and stores liquid; an exterior container which has walls constituted by a shape memory member and has a hermetically sealed space in which the liquid storage chamber is disposed, the shape memory member extending and contracting freely at temperatures not greater than a transformation temperature and recovering a memorized shape at temperatures not less than a shape recovery temperature; a forcing member which applies a contraction force to the walls of the exterior container in a direction in which the walls contract; and a temperature adjuster which adjusts a temperature of the shape memory member directly or indirectly so as to control a ratio of a portion of the shape memory member having temperatures not greater than the transformation temperature and deformed to a contracted shape by the contraction force of the forcing member and a ratio of a portion of the shape memory member having temperatur

Abstract: The invention provides liquid electrographic toner compositions comprising a liquid carrier having toner particles and at least one soluble polymer dispersed in the liquid carrier. The liquid carrier has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL. The toner particles comprise polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The soluble polymer is present in an amount of from about 1% to about 10% by weight based on toner particle weight. The absolute difference in Hildebrand solubility parameters between the soluble polymer and the liquid carrier is less than about 3.0 MPa1/2. In one aspect of the invention, the soluble polymer that is incorporated in the toner composition has no more than about 30% weight ratio chemical constitution variance from the chemical constitution of the S material portion of the amphipathic copolymer.

Abstract: A resin particle liquid dispersion for an electrostatic image developing toner includes: a polycondensable resin obtained by polycondensing at least one selected from the group consisting of a polycondensable monomer, an oligomer of the polycondensable monomer and a prepolymer of the polycondensable monomer, wherein the resin particle liquid dispersion further comprises a compound having a solubility parameter of 8 or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner binder for electrophotography which comprises a polyester resin constituted of an alcohol component containing a polyoxyalkylene ether (A) of a bisphenol and an acid component, and the content of unreacted bisphenols in said polyester resin is 15 ppm or less.

Abstract: Copper chromite particles can advantageously be used as black particles in electrophoretic media and displays. Preferably, the copper chromite particles are coated with a silica coating and a polymer coating.

Abstract: The invention provides liquid electrographic toner compositions comprising a liquid carrier having toner particles dispersed in the liquid carrier. The liquid carrier has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL. The toner particles comprise polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The S material portion comprises at least one soluble component and at least one insoluble component, wherein the insoluble component is the reaction product of monomers having an absolute difference in Hildebrand solubility parameter from the liquid carrier of about 3.0 MPa1/2 or greater. These toner particles can exhibit excellent final image durability characteristics, and can also provide toner compositions that provide excellent images at low fusion temperatures on a final image receptor.

Abstract: The invention provides liquid electrographic toner compositions comprising a liquid carrier having toner particles dispersed in the liquid carrier. The liquid carrier has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL. The toner particles comprise polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The toner composition additionally comprises a wax component associated with the toner particle, wherein the wax component and the amphipathic copolymer each comprise at least one of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base pair in an amount sufficient to form weak, reversible intermolecular non-covalent bonds resulting from acid/base interactions between the wax component and the amphipathic copolymer. These toner particles can exhibit excellent final image durability characteristics, and can also provide toner compositions that provide excellent images at low fusion temperatures on a final image receptor.

Abstract: The invention is directed to amphipathic polymeric particles that serve as both the dispersant and the binder in water based inks, ink compositions containing these particles, and methods for making the particles. The polymeric particles contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties with a pre-determined structure, and have an average diameter of 50 to 500 nm. The amphipathic polymeric particles may be prepared by a side-chain conversion method or a polymerization process involving an ATRP step, with or without a cross-linking agent. This invention improves the stability of polymer and inks by both ionic and steric stabilization of the suspended polymer particles.

Abstract: The invention provides liquid toner compositions in which the polymeric binder is chemically grown in the form of copolymeric binder particles dispersed in a liquid carrier. The polymeric binder includes one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions, wherein the amphipathic copolymer comprises a polysiloxane moiety having molecular weight of at least about 500. Methods of making the liquid toner compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Negatively charged coated toner particles are provided that comprise a plurality of polymeric binder particles that are substantially free of negatively charged pigment and a coating material comprising at least one negatively charged pigment coated on the outside surface of the polymeric binder particles. In one embodiment, a majority of the specific charge of the toner particles is contributed from the negatively charged pigment. In another embodiment, the toner particles are substantially free of additional charge director or charge control additive. Electrographic toner compositions comprising these particles are also provided.

Abstract: Negatively charged coated toner particles are provided that comprise a polymeric binder particle and a coating material. The coating material comprises at least one visual enhancement additive coated on the outside surface of the polymeric binder particle. Electrographic toner compositions comprising these particles, and methods of making these particles particularly by magnetically assisted impact coating processes are also provided.

Abstract: Positively charged coated toner particles are provided that comprise a plurality of polymeric binder particles that are substantially free of positively charged pigment and a coating material comprising at least one positively charged pigment coated on the outside surface of the polymeric binder particles. In one embodiment, a majority of the specific charge of the toner particles is contributed from the positively charged pigment. In another embodiment, the toner particles are substantially free of additional charge director or charge control additive. Electrographic toner compositions comprising these particles are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides liquid toner compositions in which the polymeric binder is chemically grown in the form of copolymeric binder particles dispersed in a liquid carrier. The polymeric binder includes one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions, wherein the D material portion has a Tg greater than about 55° C. The toners as described herein surprisingly provide compositions that are particularly suitable for electrophotographic processes wherein the transfer of the image from the surface of a photoconductor to an intermediate transfer material or directly to a print medium is carried out without film formation on the photoconductor.

Abstract: Negative liquid electrographic toner compositions are provided comprising a liquid carrier having a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL and a plurality of negatively charged toner particles dispersed in the liquid carrier. The toner particles comprise a polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic graft copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The toner composition additionally comprises a charge control adjuvant that is an acid or a base. These compositions have surprising bulk conductivity and charge per mass properties, particularly as the toner particles are depleted from the toner composition during printing operations.

Abstract: An electrophotographic liquid developer includes a carrier liquid and toner particles. The toner particles include a colorant and a resin component and are dispersed in the carrier liquid. The resin component includes a polyester resin as a main component. When 0.3 g of the liquid developer is dropped on a filter paper (which is defined in JIS P 3801) from a point of 10 mm height, the carrier liquid diffuses in the filter paper at a speed not lower than 1 mm/minute.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid developer that is used in an apparatus for forming an image by developing an electrostatic latent image formed on a latent image carrying member, transferring the developed image to a recording medium, and then fixing the image, in which the liquid developer contains a carrier liquid and particles formed with a composition containing a binder resin, a colorant, and a charge controlling agent comprising a charge controlling substance containing an ionic or neutral substance, wherein the charge controlling substance containing an ionic or neutral substance is supported by an inorganic porous material.

Abstract: A liquid toner comprising: a carrier liquid; and toner particles dispersed in the carrier liquid, said toner particles comprising: a polymer blend comprising: a first polymer comprising a minor portion of said blend and having a relatively higher chemical bonding reactivity with paper, comprising a polymer chosen from the group consisting of maleic anhydride terpolymer, maleic anhydride grafted linear low density polyethylene; maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene copolymer and maleic anhydride grafted linear ethylene acetate polymer; and a second polymer comprising a major portion of said blend and having a relatively lower or null chemical bonding reactivity with paper, said first polymer being in a proportion of between 2% and less than 10% of the blend.

Abstract: Liquid electrographic toners are derived from organosols incorporating amphipathic copolymeric binder particles that include polymerizable, crystallizable compounds chemically incorporated into the dispersed portion of the copolymer. The invention further provides organosols that include amphipathic copolymeric binder particles that include a dispersed (D) portion and a solvated (S) portion, wherein the D portion has a high glass transition temperature, and at least one polymerizable, crystallizable compound is chemically incorporated into the D portion, the S portion, or both the D and S portion of the copolymer. Methods of making and electrographically printing liquid toners derived from these organosols are also described. The invention is particularly suited for preparing liquid toners for electrophotographic printing.

Abstract: The invention provides an ink composition comprising a charge generating material and a medium wherein the charge generating material absorbs radiation in both the near infra-red and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Also provided is an electrophotographic toner composition comprising a binder resin and the charge generating material. The compositions are useful in, for example, security marking wherein the composition is printed on an article or substrate. Methods of establishing the authenticity of an article or substrate are also provided which comprise detecting an absorption of infra-red radiation by the charge generating material.

Abstract: Positive liquid electrographic toner compositions are provided comprising a liquid carrier having a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL and a plurality of positively charged toner particles dispersed in the liquid carrier. The toner particles comprise a polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic graft copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions. The toner composition additionally comprises a charge control adjuvant that is an acid or a base. These compositions have surprising bulk conductivity and charge per mass properties, particularly as the toner particles are depleted from the toner composition during printing operations.