Abstract: Provided is an image forming method using an electrophotographic photoreceptor provided with a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order on a conductive support, and a toner, and the image forming method containing a charging step, an exposure step, a development step, a transfer step, a fixing step, and a cleaning step, wherein the protective layer contains at least a cured resin obtained by curing a polymerizable compound; the toner contains 50% by number or more of toner particles having a shape factor calculated by the equation (1) in the range of 1.2 to 1.6, and a variation coefficient of the shape factor is 16% or less; and the toner contains alumina particles having a number average particle diameter in the range of 5 to 60 nm and silica particles having a number average particle diameter in the range of 80 to 200 nm.

Abstract: The image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a charge member, a transfer unit, an application unit, a cleaning member, a detection unit that detects an index value, and a control unit that, in a case where one or a plurality of consecutive toner images for which the index value is equal to or greater than a first threshold value is formed, performs control which increases an absolute value of the transfer voltage for a toner image to be formed next, and in a case where one or a plurality of consecutive toner images for which the index value is less than a second threshold value equal to or greater than the first threshold value is formed, performs control which decreases an absolute value of the transfer voltage for a toner image to be formed next.

Abstract: Provided is a process cartridge including: an electrophotographic photoreceptor; a charging unit configured to charge the electrophotographic photoreceptor through abutment against the electrophotographic photoreceptor; a developing unit configured to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photoreceptor with a toner to form a toner image; and a cleaning unit configured to remove the toner on the electrophotographic photoreceptor by bringing a blade into abutment against the electrophotographic photoreceptor, wherein the toner includes a toner base containing a coloring agent and a binder resin, and has a surface layer containing an organosilicon polymer having a specific sticking ratio to a toner base, and wherein the electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a supporting member and a surface layer, and the surface layer has a specific universal hardness value and a specific elastic deformation ratio (We).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a triboelectric energy harvesting device and a method for manufacturing the same. The triboelectric energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first frictional layer provided with a first surface having first electron affinity, and a second frictional layer facing the first surface and having second electron affinity, wherein at least one of the first and second frictional layers is formed of an elastic material and is provided in an elastic structure.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes an electroconductive support member and a photosensitive layer. The uppermost layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member defines a surface layer, and the surface layer contains polytetrafluoroethylene particles, a charge transporting material, and polyvinyl acetal. The proportion of the polyvinyl acetal content to the polytetrafluoroethylene particles content in the surface layer is in the range of 0.1% by mass to 15.0% by mass, and the charge transporting material content in the surface layer is 35% by mass or more relative to the total mass of the surface layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an image forming apparatus includes an image forming job created and transmitted by an job creation unit including an image to be printed, a receiving unit that receives a request of print setting to the image, a display unit that displays a setting screen having a setting unit to designate a setting of rewritable print or permanent print per page in response to receive the request of print setting, a memory unit that stores the setting of rewritable print or permanent print per page set by operating the setting screen, in addition to the image as the image forming job, and an image forming unit that receives the image forming job from the job creation unit and forms images on a sheet based on the setting in the image forming job.

Abstract: A release film is provided for supporting an ultrathin ceramic green sheet having a thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 ?m, and the release film due to containing modified organic particles and an antistatic agent has a slippery releasing surface with a low friction coefficient and hence excellent coatability and releasing properties; resulted in that when the release film is rolled up, the rolled surfaces do not adhere to each other, and when the ultrathin ceramic green sheet is peeled off from the release film, the ultrathin ceramic green sheet due to a relatively small electrostatic force being generated is without breaking; so that the release film contributes to increasing the yield of ultrathin ceramic green sheet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to multi-component compositions including an isocyanate component and an amine component, wherein the isocyanate component includes a prepolymer, obtainable from toluene isocyanate and a polytetramethylene polyol, and the amine component includes a dialkylthio aryl diamine and possibly a polytetramethylene oxide polyamine. Corresponding compositions can be advantageously used as flowable or spreadable resin systems for producing surface protection coatings in casting house applications and are characterized by a significantly improved resistance to abrasion in comparison with conventional casting resin systems based on hexamethylene diisocyanate and dimethyl thiotoluene diamine.

Abstract: Hard imaging methods and devices are described. In at least some examples, a method includes ejecting a plurality of droplets of a liquid marking agent corresponding to the image to be formed, wherein the droplets of the liquid marking agent individually comprise a plurality of ink particles. The droplets are received upon a transfer member, and after the receiving, at least the ink particles are transferred from the transfer member to media to form a hard version of the image using the media.

Abstract: An imaging method includes coating a transfer member with an adhesion promoter in a liquid state, changing the adhesion promoter on the transfer member from the liquid state to at least one of a solid state and a get state, depositing a liquid marking agent on the solidified adhesion promoter corresponding to an image, changing a state of the adhesion promoter from the solid state to the flowable state, and transferring the liquid marking agent and the adhesion promoter in the flowable state from the transfer member to a substrate to form a hard version of the image thereon.

Abstract: Described herein is a photoreceptor having a substrate, a charge generating layer, a charge transport layer comprising N,N,N?N?-tetra(4-methylphenyl)-(1,1?-biphenyl)-4,4?-diamine having a purity of from about 95 percent to about 100 percent, and a protective overcoat layer. The N,N,N?N?-tetra(4-methylphenyl)-(1,1?-biphenyl)-4,4?-diamine has been treated by a purification process two or more times.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a substrate; an undercoat layer provided on the substrate and containing a tin-zinc complex oxide powder having a volume resistivity of about 2×109 ?·cm or less; and a photosensitive layer provided on the undercoat layer.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images contains a binder resin, a colorant, a release agent, and a charge control agent. The release agent contains a wax having a polar group. The toner for developing electrostatic images has tan ? of 1 to 2 at a temperature of 80° C. to 145° C. as measured with a viscoelasticity measuring apparatus at a frequency of 10 Hz and a shear stress of 500 Pa, and has a breaking point of 180° C. or less in a temperature-tan ? curve.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin, and a release agent, and an external additive, wherein the external additive includes particles having oil-treated surfaces and composite particles containing silica and titania, and the toner has a content ratio of titania with respect to silica on the surface of the toner, as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, of equal to or less than 5 atomic %.

Abstract: Provided is an electrostatic charge image developing toner including toner base particles which contain a polyester resin and a vinyl resin and does not have a coating layer and wherein the concentration of the polyester resin on the particle surface is higher than the concentration of the polyester resin in the inside of the particles, and a sol-gel silica which has an average circularity of from 0.75 to 0.9, on the surface of the toner base particles.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner including toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin and a release agent; and an external additive, in which the external additive contains inorganic particles having hydrocarbon oil that contains a saturated hydrocarbon having a ring structure on the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes: a release agent; a pigment; and a binder resin. The content of the pigment is from about 10% by weight to about 50% by weight, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the toner is in the range of from about ?60° C. to about 20° C., and the Young's modulus at 20° C. is in the range of from about 1×100 MPa to about 1×103 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a carrier and a developer, which have fewer occurrences of carrier adhesion and background smear, excellent granularity and longer durability. The carrier comprises the core material particles having magnetism and resin coating layer covering the core material particles, and wherein the weight average particle diameters is in the range of 22 m to 32 m, the proportion of the weight average particle diameters relative to the number average particle diameter is in the range of 1.00 to 1.20, the content of particles having a diameter of 20 m or smaller is 7% by mass, the content of carrier particles having a diameter of 36 m or smaller is in the range of 90% by mass to 100% by mass, and the proportion of the particle density of the core material particles is in the range of 85% to 100% of the true density of the core material particles.

Abstract: Printing methods are provided. In one aspect, at least one first toner image is formed and transferred onto a receiver to form a composite toner image on a receiver having a first polarity. A second net development difference of potential of the first polarity is created between a second development station, a bias member and the first toner at each location of the receiver, to cause a second toner of the first polarity to deposit at individual locations on the receiver in amounts that according to the second net development difference of potential at the individual locations such that total amount of first toner and any second toner deposited at each location on the receiver is within a range that is less than a range of first toner amounts on the receiver.

Abstract: Methods for printing are provided. In one aspect a primary imaging member having a pattern of engine pixel locations with image modulated differences of potential and with first toner having a first toner difference of potential is moved to a second development station. A second development difference of potential of the first polarity at the second development station forms a second net development difference of the second development difference of potential less any image modulated difference of potential at the individual engine pixel location and less any difference of potential relative to ground of any first toner at the individual engine pixel location. The second development difference of potential is greater than the first development difference of potential so that second toner that is different from the first toner, is developed onto the first toner using the second net development difference of potential.

Abstract: A polymerization toner having superior chargeability and storage stability is provided. The polymerization toner includes a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the binder resin has a dielectric constant ranging from 2.8 to 3.7.

Abstract: The present invention is an electroconductive endless belt used in an image forming apparatus in which a decrease with use in the gloss value caused by frictions and the like with papers and cleaning blade is suppressed. In the electroconductive endless belt, the base resin of the electroconductive endless belt comprises a polyalkylene terephthalate resin in combination with a naphthalene ring-containing thermoplastic resin and/or a naphthalene ring-containing thermoplastic elastomer having a melting point higher than that of the polyalkylene terephthalate resin, and the mass ratio of the polyalkylene terephthalate resin to the naphthalene ring-containing thermoplastic resin and/or the naphthalene ring-containing thermoplastic elastomer in the base resin is in the range of 90/10 to 50/50.

Abstract: A carrier for developing an electrostatic charge image includes a core containing a magnetic material and a coating layer, in which the coating layer includes porous carbon having a volume average particle size of from 0.5 ?m to 2 ?m and a BET specific surface area of from 1 m2/g to 5 m2/g, and a resin.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin, and a release agent; and an external additive, wherein the external additive contains inorganic particles which include a compound represented by Formula (1) below on the surfaces thereof: wherein in Formula (1), R1 and R8 each independently represents an alkyl group, R2 to R7 each independently represents an alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, and at least three groups of R2 to R7 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner including toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin and a release agent; and an external additive, in which the external additive contains inorganic particles having hydrocarbon oil that contains a saturated hydrocarbon having a ring structure on the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: The toner for developing an electrostatic charge image includes toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin, and a release agent, and an external additive, wherein the external additive contains inorganic particles having fluorine atom-containing oil on the hydrophobization-treated surfaces.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles that contain a colorant, a binder resin and a release agent, and an external additive, in which the external additive contains inorganic particles including an aliphatic alcohol having 5 or more carbon atoms and a melting point of 20° C. or lower on the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin, and a release agent and an external additive, in which the external additive contains inorganic particles which include saturated hydrocarbons having from 9 to 35 carbon atoms on the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin, and a release agent, and an external additive, wherein the external additive includes particles having oil-treated surfaces and composite particles containing silica and titania, and the toner has a content ratio of titania with respect to silica on the surface of the toner, as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, of equal to or less than 5 atomic %.

Abstract: A toner, including: a binder resin; and a colorant, wherein the binder resin contains: a crystalline polyester resin (A); a non-crystalline resin (B); and a composite resin (C), where the composite resin (C) contains a condensation polymerization resin unit and an addition polymerization resin unit, wherein the toner contains chloroform insoluble matter in an amount of 1% by mass to 30% by mass, wherein the toner has a molecular weight distribution having a main peak in a range of 1,000 to 10,000 and a half width of 15,000 or less, where the molecular weight distribution is obtained through gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of tetrahydrofuran soluble matter of the toner, and wherein the toner has an endothermic peak in a range of 90° C. to 130° C. in measurement through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

Abstract: A transparent toner for developing an electrostatic latent image includes toner particles containing a binder resin; and an external additive containing cerium oxide, in which the content of cerium in all toner particles is in the range of 0.05% by weight to 0.20% by weight, and the cerium oxide contains neodymium and the content of neodymium in all toner particles is in the range of 0.001% by weight to 0.015% by weight.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing carrier has magnetic particles and a coating resin layer that coats surfaces of the magnetic particles and contains a hindered amine compound.

Abstract: The present application discloses an image forming apparatus which uses at least two types of liquid developer to form a plurality of images that are superimposed on a sheet to form an image. The image forming apparatus includes a transfer mechanism configured to transfer the image to the sheet, an image forming mechanism configured to make the transfer mechanism carry the image, and a rubbing mechanism configured to rub the image on the sheet. The at least two types of liquid developer have different fixing properties from each other. The transfer mechanism includes a carrying surface configured to carry the image from the image forming mechanism. One of the plurality of images between the carrying surface and another of the plurality of images has higher fixing properties than the liquid developer used for forming the other image among the plurality of images.

Abstract: Provided is an electrostatic charge image developing toner, each toner particle including a core portion, a first shell layer, and a second shell layer, wherein the core portion contains a first polyester resin, a colorant, and a release agent, the first shell layer contains a second polyester resin and covers the core portion, the second shell layer contains a polymer of an aromatic vinyl monomer and a third polyester resin having an ethylenic unsaturated double bond that is polymerizable with the aromatic vinyl monomer, and covers the first shell layer, and a total amount of the first shell layer and the second shell layer is within a range of from 16% by weight to 40% by weight of the toner particle.

Abstract: A carrier for electrostatic image development, and a developer, an image formation method and an image formation apparatus using the carrier. The carrier is carrier particles. When the carrier particles each have a coating layer on a magnetic particle, the carrier has a total energy amount of 1500 to 3000 mJ. When the carrier particles each have a coating layer on a magnetic powder-dispersed particle, the carrier has a total energy amount of 1000 to 1500 mJ. The total energy amount is measured with a powder rheometer at a tip end speed of a rotor of 100 mm/s and a helix angle of the rotor of ?5°. The total energy amount is a value of a portion of the carrier in a measurement container which portion is contained in the region between the packed surface of the carrier and a surface disposed under the packed surface by 70 mm.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles containing a binder resin and pigment particles and an external additive containing fluorine resin particles, wherein the electrostatic charge image developing toner satisfies the following expression: 2?A/B?100, wherein A represents reflectance at an acceptance angle of +30° which is measured when a solid image is formed using the electrostatic charge image developing toner and the solid image is irradiated with incident light at an incidence angle of ?45° by the use of a variable-angle photometer, and B represents reflectance at an acceptance angle of ?30° which is measured when the solid image is irradiated with incident light at an incidence angle of ?45° by the use of the variable-angle photometer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including a conductive support, a charge generating layer, a hole transporting layer, and a hole transporting-protective layer, these layers being laminated in this order on the conductive support, wherein the hole transporting-protective layer contains a three-dimensionally crosslinked product which is obtained through chain polymerization of at least a radical polymerizable hole-transporting compound by irradiating the radical polymerizable hole-transporting compound with an active energy beam, and wherein the hole transporting-protective layer contains an oxazole compound represented by General Formula (1) or (2) below:

Abstract: Printing methods are provided. In one aspect, at least one first toner image is formed and transferred onto a receiver to form a composite toner image on a receiver having a first polarity. A second net development difference of potential of the first polarity is created between a second development station, a bias member and the first toner at each location of the receiver, to cause a second toner of the first polarity to deposit at individual locations on the receiver in amounts that increase monotonically with an increase in the net second development difference of potential at the individual locations such that total amount of first toner and any second toner deposited at each location on the receiver is within a range that is less than a range of first toner amounts on the receiver.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images contains a binder resin, a colorant, a release agent, and a charge control agent. The release agent contains a wax having a polar group. The toner for developing electrostatic images has tan ? of 1 to 2 at a temperature of 80° C. to 145° C. as measured with a viscoelasticity measuring apparatus at a frequency of 10 Hz and a shear stress of 500 Pa, and has a breaking point of 180° C. or less in a temperature-tan ? curve.

Abstract: A conductive endless belt is composed of elastomer polyester with a crystalline melting point at 210° C. or more, or mainly composed of the elastomer polyester, and a thermoplastic polyester-based resin at 49 wt % or less, added a polymer ion conductive agent and a carbon black. The conductive endless belt. satisfies elastic modulus, creep resistance, bending durability, etc. and has decreased volume resistance variation and environment dependency while having superior durability, glossiness and setting performance that satisfying desired performance, without causing problems such as offset image.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a substrate; an undercoat layer provided on the substrate and containing a tin-zinc complex oxide powder having a volume resistivity of about 2×109 ?·cm or less; and a photosensitive layer provided on the undercoat layer.

Abstract: A carrier for a two-component developer includes magnetic particles, and a resin coating layer that covers the magnetic particles. The resin coating layer contains metal boride particles having a volume average primary particle diameter of from about 300 nm to about 2,500 nm.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; a charge generation layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate; a charge transport layer located overlying the charge generation layer; and an outermost layer located overlying the charge transport layer. The charge transport layer includes a positive hole transport material having the following formula (1): wherein each of R1 to R26 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a compound having the following formula (2): wherein each of R27 and R28 independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.

Abstract: Provided is a toner having excellent blocking resistance and flowability. The toner comprises a binder resin, a releasing agent, a colorant and an external additive, wherein the toner particles satisfy expression (1): 2.0?RD/TD?2.5 ??(1), where RD is the real density of the toner particles and TD is the tap density of the toner particles.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide systems and methods for direct digital marking, wherein an electrostatic latent image or a surface charge contrast can be formed and developed at a development nip formed by a nano-enabled imaging member and a negatively-biased development subsystem.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide systems and methods for digital offset/flexo printing by selectively addressing one or more hole-injecting pixels of a nano-enabled imaging member to form a latent image thereon, wherein the latent image can be electrostatically developed with an ink and then transferred from the nano-enabled imaging member onto a print media.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including: an electrically conductive substrate; and at least a photoconductive layer thereon, wherein the photoconductive layer contains a diazapentadiene derivative represented by general formula (1): where “X” represents general formula (a), (b) or (c); “R1” and “R2” each represent substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or aromatic hydrocarbon group, and may be the same or different; “R1” and “R2” may be joined together via “Y” to form a ring; “Y” represents single bond, oxygen atom, —CH2CH2—, or —CH?CH—, where “R3” represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group, alkoxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group, or halogen group; “R4” represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aromatic hydrocarbon group; “n” represents integer ranging from 0 to 4; and when “n” is integer of 2 to 4, “R3” may be the same or different.

Abstract: Toner particles having excellent cleaning properties and glossing properties. The toner particles include a binder resin, a releasing agent, and a colorant, wherein toner particles satisfy the following conditions. 50° C.?T1/2?Tg?100° C.??(1) 50° C.?Tg60° C.

Abstract: To provide an image forming method for obtaining excellent image quality under high humidity. The image forming method including charging a surface of a latent electrostatic image bearing member, exposing the charged surface of the latent electrostatic image bearing member so as to form a latent electrostatic image, developing the latent electrostatic image using a developer so as to form a toner image, and transferring the toner image from the latent electrostatic image bearing member to a transfer medium, wherein in the developing step, a toner is used that has an interparticle adhesion force of 500 nN to 1,200 nN when pressed at 500 nN and a volume average particle diameter of 4 ?m to 8 ?m, and in the transferring step, the transfer pressure applied to the transfer medium is 20 N/m to 60 N/m, and wherein a tandem image forming apparatus is used in the image forming method.

Abstract: An image forming method and image forming apparatus based on the application thereof wherein comet-like deposits do not appear on the surface of the photoreceptor even after prolonged use of small-diameter toner, and there is no dropout or damage on the photoreceptor surface in the image forming process using an intermediate transfer member. This image forming method contains a process wherein the toner developed on an electrophotographic photoreceptor is transferred onto an intermediate transfer member, and the toner contains at least a metallic oxide and metallic soap added as external additive agents, and the protective layer contains a resin component obtained by reaction of at least a curable compound, and alumina particles.