Abstract: Toner compositions, methods for making toner compositions, and methods for coating toner particles. A method for coating toner particles may include mixing dry toner particles and a dispersion including shell particles to coat at least a portion of an exterior surface of the toner particles with an essentially continuous layer of the shell particles. The toner particles may comprise a first resin and a coloring agent. The shell particles may comprise a second resin.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner comprises core particles formed by flocculating and fusion-bonding at least polyester resin particles containing wax and colorant particles, and a coating layer containing a resin formed over the core particles.

Abstract: Liquid toners suitable for use in the electrostatic printing of functional materials to produce microstructures such as ribs, electrodes, spacers or filters, and methods of producing the liquid toners. The functional materials, which may include metals, glass and phosphors, are suspended as particles in a dilutent, which may be a non-polar liquid. The surface, or portions of the surface, of the functional material particles are given an appropriate acidic or hydroxyl functionality necessary for their use in electrostatic imaging either by etching or by coating with a material having the appropriate surface functionality.

Abstract: Toner compositions of toner particles including additive particles upon an external surface of the toner particles, wherein the additive particles include crosslinked styrene containing polymer particles, exhibit reduced sensitivity to relative humidity. The crosslinked styrene containing polymer particles have an average particle size of from about 30 nm to about 300 nm, and may include styrene homopolymer particles, styrene copolymer particles or mixtures thereof. A process of reducing the relative humidity sensitivity of toner using such external surface additive is also described.

Abstract: A toner composition that includes a resin substantially free of cross linking, a cross linked resin, a polyester resin as a crystalline polyester resin, and a colorant.

Abstract: Ultra low melt toner compositions with improved non-additive heat cohesion are disclosed. These toner compositions include toner particles comprising amorphous resins containing at least one unsaturated moiety, and when the toner particles are surface treated with a peroxy compound and optionally with a peroxy promoter compound, the surface of the toner particles is cross-linked to form a thin, robust shell. Processes for preparing the toner compositions are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-magnetic monocomponent color toner composition and a method for preparing the same, and more particularly to a non-magnetic monocomponent color toner composition having a narrow charge distribution, good charging characteristics, good environmental independence, superior image characteristics, high transfer efficiency and long-term stability caused by significantly improved charge maintenance capability, and a method for preparing the same. The non-magnetic monocomponent color toner composition of the present invention is prepared by coating organic particles having an average particle size of 0.3 to 2.0 ?m, organic particles having an average particle size of 0.05 to 0.25 ?m, and silica on toner mother particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of drying and recovering toner particles from a liquid carrier. The methods are very effective to generate discrete, substantially non-agglomerated dry toner particles in a manner that preserves the particle size and particle distribution of the wet particles. The resultant dried toner particles free-flowing with a relatively narrow particle size distribution. The present invention uses extrusion techniques to coat wet toner particles onto a substrate surface. Because the resultant coating has a relatively large drying surface area per gram of particle incorporated into the coating, drying may occur relatively quickly under moderate temperature and pressure conditions. After drying, the dried toner particles are readily recovered and may then be used in dry or even wet toners for electrophotographic applications.

Abstract: A toner producing method is provided, which comprises preparing toner base particles in an aqueous medium, wherein the toner base particles comprise resin fine particles, and forming a coating layer on the surface of the toner base particles, wherein the coating layer is formed by attaching or coating a toner functional substance onto the surface of the toner base particles using at least one of supercritical fluids and sub-supercritical fluids.

Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin, and a modified layered inorganic material in which at least part of interlayer ions is replaced with an organic ion, and a fatty acid metal compound located on a surface of the toner particles; and an external additive located on the fatty acid metal compound, wherein the external additive is a material different from the fatty acid metal compound. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member; a developing device configured to develop the electrostatic latent image with a developer including the toner; a transfer device; and a fixing device. A method for preparing the toner including dispersing or emulsifying a toner composition including a modified layered inorganic material to prepare toner particles; mixing a fatty acid metal compound with the toner particles; and second mixing the toner particles with an external additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of drying and recovering toner particles from a liquid carrier. The methods are very effective to generate discrete, substantially non-agglomerated dry toner particles in a manner that preserves the particle size and particle distribution of the wet particles. The resultant dried toner particles free-flowing with a relatively narrow particle size distribution. The present invention uses electrical phenomena to help transfer charged toner particles from a liquid carrier onto a substrate surface. In practical effect, the particles are electrically plated onto the surface. Because the resultant coating has a relatively large drying surface area per gram of particle incorporated into the coating, drying may occur relatively quickly under moderate temperature and pressure conditions. After drying, the dried toner particles are readily recovered and may then be used in dry or even wet toners for electrophotographic applications.

Abstract: A toner having a core with a first latex having a specific glass transition temperature, and further having a shell surrounding the core with a second latex having a specific glass transition temperature and possessing functional groups, and processes for producing the same.

Abstract: Toner compositions, in embodiments, having excellent charging characteristics and excellent dispensing performance are provided.

Abstract: A toner comprising toner particles comprising a first binder resin; a second binder resin different from said first binder resin and having a glass transition temperature of from 40 to 55° C.; a colorant; and a release agent, and a particulate resin material which is located on surface of the toner particles with a coverage of from 50 to 100%, and which has a glass transition temperature of from 50 to 90° C., wherein a weight ratio (W2/W1) between the second binder resin (W2) and the first binder resin (W1) is from 5/95 to 40/60, and wherein a ratio (G?80/G?180) between a storage modulus of the toner at 80° C. (G?80) and a storage modulus at 180° C. (G?180) is from 100 to 1,000.

Abstract: A method of preparing toner, is provided by preparing a stabilizer dispersion solution using distilled water and a dispersing agent; forming droplets by discharging the toner composition including at least one polymerizable monomer, a colorant, wax, and an initiator into the stabilizer dispersion solution through a syringe needle; forming core particles by warming the droplets dispersed in the stabilizer dispersion solution; and forming shells by adding a polymerizable monomer, a cross-linking agent, and an initiator to the core particles. The diameter of particles of the toner can be efficiently adjusted by changing the manufacturing process of the polymerization toner. The distribution of the toner particle diameter is improved and thus no additional sorting process is required. Also, the transferring performance of the toner can be improved, and various colors can be realized by a simple process.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a toner having improved relative humidity sensitivity is described. The process comprises forming polyester toner particles by emulsion/aggratation, fluidizing the toner particles with a stream of inert gas while spraying the toner particles with a solution containing an additive affecting relative humidity sensitivity, and wherein the additive contacts a surface of the toner particles and the additive remains on the surface of the toner particles.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a toner for developing static charges in an aqueous system is provided which includes preparation step for a resin kneaded product, preparation step for the aqueous dispersion of a less water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt, preparation step for synthetic resin particles, removal step for the less water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt, and separation-cleaning-drying step. At preparation step S3 for synthetic resin, an ionic material for decomposing the less water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt is admixed with a mixture of the resin kneaded product and the aqueous dispersion of the less water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt.

Abstract: A toner including a core including at least a colorant, a release agent and a first binder resin; and a shell located overlying the core and including at least a second binder resin, wherein the first binder resin includes a polyester resin including a unit obtained from a diol selected from the group consisting of aliphatic diols and alicyclic diols, and the second binder resin includes a vinyl copolymer, and wherein a weight ratio (S/C) of the shell (S) to the core (C) is from 0.05 to 0.5 and the toner has a volume average particle diameter of from 3 to 8 ?m.

Abstract: The invention provides a toner for electrostatic latent image development comprising a first component and a second component which are isolated from each other and capable of forming a color when the first component and the second component are brought into reaction with each other, and a photo-curable composition containing either the first component or the second component, the photo-curable composition not being capable of forming a color when the photo-curable composition is not cured, that is irreversibly controlled to a state of being capable of forming a color by irradiating light having a specific wavelength at which the photo-curable composition is cured.

Abstract: A method for preparing a toner including providing toner particles including at least a binder resin; and contacting a coating fluid including a silicone resin and at least one of a super critical fluid and a sub-critical fluid with a surface of the toner particles to form thereon a layer including the silicone resin. A toner prepared by the method. A developer including the toner and an optional carrier. An image forming method, and image forming apparatus, and a process cartridge using the developer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a polymerized toner comprising a process for forming fine droplets of a polymerizable monomer composition in an aqueous dispersion medium, and a process for polymerizing the polymerizable monomer composition after the process for forming fine droplets; wherein the process for forming fine droplets has the steps of: preparing an agitating apparatus having an agitator equipped with an agitating blade or rotor and a dispersion supply tank; providing a polymerizable monomer composition and an aqueous dispersion medium into the dispersion supply tank; then, mixing the polymerizable monomer composition and the aqueous dispersion medium by the agitator to obtain a dispersion of fine droplets; and the relationship between the peripheral velocity of the agitating blade or rotor of the agitator and the number of circulations of the dispersion is controlled.

Abstract: A method of preparing a toner, includes: preparing a high molecular weight latex particle by polymerizing a toner composition including a macromonomer having a hydrophilic group, a hydrophobic group and at least one reactive functional group, and at least one polymerizable monomer; forming a core particle by aggregating the high molecular weight latex particle; forming a shell layer by coating the core particle using a polymer having a higher glass transition temperature than a glass transition temperature of the core particle. Also, provided are a toner prepared using the method, an image forming method using the toner, and an image forming apparatus using the toner. Using the toner, an image can be fused at a low temperature. Also, durability of the toner is improved.

Abstract: A method of preparing a toner is provided, including: preparing a core by mixing a polyester resin and a colorant with a macromonomer including a hydrophilic group, a hydrophobic group, and one or more reactive functional groups, and a nonionic reactive emulsifier; and preparing a shell by polymerizing the exterior surface of the core using one or more polymerizable monomers and an initiator, wherein the macromonomer and the nonionic reactive emulsifier participate in the polymerization. A toner is prepared using the method. An image forming method and an image forming apparatus are provided that use the toner. Using the method, the image forming apparatus can print high quality images at high speed at a low temperature since the core of toner has superior fixability at a low temperature and superior image properties and the shell of toner has superior durability and superior charging properties. Also, using the nonionic reactive emulsifier, stable toner particles having desired sizes are prepared.

Abstract: A color toner composition for developing latent electrostatic images includes nanopowder-coated toner particles, the powder-coated toner particles being characterized in that each comprises a core toner particle having a volume average diameter, Dp, and the core toner particles have affixed to their surfaces a plurality of discrete colorant powder particles having a volume average diameter, dp, wherein the ratio of Dp/dp is at least about 5 and the weight fraction of colorant powder particles is at least about 0.01 based on the combined weight of core toner particles and colorant powder particles. Preferably, the weight fraction of colorant powder particles is from about 0.3 to about 3 times the product, (?p/?r) (d/r) (1+d/r)2, where ?p is the density of the colorant powder particles, ?r the density of the core resin particles, d, the volumetric mean diameter of the colorant powder particles and r the volumetric mean radius of the toner core resin particles.

Abstract: A toner includes core particles containing a resin and a colorant, and a coating layer formed over the core particles. The coating layer includes at least one type of coating particles selected from the group consisting of wax-containing resin microparticles containing a resin and a wax, and colorant-containing resin microparticles containing a resin and a colorant, the coating particles fusion-bonded to the surface of the core particles.

Abstract: A developing agent includes a toner particle having a plurality of resin particles containing a binder resin and coloring agent, and a continuous releasant phase which is present between the plurality of resin particles, and coats the plurality of resin particles.

Abstract: A toner for the development of an electrostatic image is provided wherein at least one layer of a particulate resin is coated onto a substantial portion of the surface of an agglomerate of particles made from at least primary polymer particles and primary colorant particles, wherein at least one of the primary polymer particles and the particulate resin contains a wax, and the particulate resin of the outermost layer is substantially free of wax and a process for producing the toner.

Abstract: A toner comprising toner particles comprising a first binder resin; a second binder resin different from said first binder resin and having a glass transition temperature of from 40 to 55° C.; a colorant; and a release agent, and a particulate resin material which is located on surface of the toner particles with a coverage of from 50 to 100%, and which has a glass transition temperature of from 50 to 90° C., wherein a weight ratio (W2/W1) between the second binder resin (W2) and the first binder resin (W1) is from 5/95 to 40/60, and wherein a ratio (G?80/G?180) between a storage modulus of the toner at 80° C. (G?80) and a storage modulus at 180° C. (G?180) is from 100 to 1,000.

Abstract: A toner is used in an image forming process employing a toner recycling system and contains at least a modified polyester resin, a coloring agent, and a releasing agent. The toner has a volume-average particle diameter Dv, a number-average particle diameter Dn and a shape factor SF-1, wherein Dv is in a range from 4.0 ?m to 6.0 ?m, the ratio Dv/Dn of Dv to Dn is in a range from 1.00 to 1.30, and the shape factor SF-1 is in a range from 140 to 200.

Abstract: A coloring agent for use in toners which comprises coloring particles modified with a surface modifier having in one molecule a hydrophilic moiety, a hydrophobic moiety, and a reactive moiety between the hydrophilic moiety and the hydrophobic moiety. Also disclosed is a toner comprising toner particles containing at least a binder resin and a coloring agent comprising the above surface-modified coloring particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of polyolefin waxes which have been prepared by means of metallocene catalysts and have been modified to make them polar in photocopier toners and also to photocopier toners comprising such polyolefin waxes modified to make them polar.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic latent image is provided that is excellent in releasing property upon fixing and shape controllability upon production of the toner. The toner for developing electrostatic latent image has a number average molecular weight in a range of from 10,000 to 30,000 and a ratio of a Z average molecular weight and a weight average molecular weight in a range of from 3.0 to 6.0.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic image development, which comprises a binder resin, a colorant and a charge control resin, wherein the charge control resin is a copolymer composed a vinyl monomer unit and a quaternary ammonium salt group-containing (meth)acrylate monomer unit and has a glass transition temperature of 40 to 75° C., and a production process thereof.

Abstract: A non-magnetic single-component toner 8 of the present invention has toner mother particles 8a, and external additives 12 comprising: two hydrophobic silicas 13, 14 of which particle diameters are different from each other, i.e. a mean primary particle diameter of 7 nm to 12 nm and a mean primary particle diameter of 40 nm to 50 nm, and a hydrophobic rutile/anatase type titanium oxide 15 having a spindle shape of which major axial diameter is in a range from 0.02 nm to 0.10 nm and the ratio of the major axial diameter to the minor axial diameter is set to be 2 to 8, wherein the external additives 12 adhere to the toner mother particles 8a. By the hydrophobic silicas 13, 14 having work function smaller than the work function of the toner mother particles 8a, the negative charging property is imparted to the toner mother particles 8a and the fluidity is also insured.

Abstract: According to a toner and a manufacturing method of the present invention, the toner, which is composed of a binding resin component precipitated in particle shapes with a coloring agent component dispersed in the binding resin component, is produced by dissolving the binding resin component in a supercritical fluid (a SCF), blending the coloring agent component in the SCF, and lowering solubility of the binding resin component for precipitating the binding resin component in the particle shapes. Even when the coloring agent content is increased, by the SCF, the toner can maintain dispersibility of the coloring agent component in the binding resin component precipitated in the particle shapes, meanwhile coloring power is also maintained thereby. Therefore, the toner can promote miniaturization of an image forming apparatus using the toner.

Abstract: A toner production process comprising the step of polymerizing a polymerizable monomer in the presence of (i) base particles containing at least a binder resin and (ii) a polymerization initiator. The polymerization initiator has in one molecule a hydrophilic moiety and a hydrophobic moiety and a reactive moiety between them, and the base particles are enlarged and/or surface-modified upon polymerization of the polymerizable monomer. Also disclosed is a toner having a circularity of from 0.92 to 1.0, which is produced by this process.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic dry toner comprising colored resin particles with releasing agent particles dispersed in a binder resin or an electrophotographic dry toner wherein a resin coating layer obtained by the fixation and fusion of encapsulating resin particles is provided on the surface of colored resin particles with releasing agent particles dispersed in a binder. The releasing agent particles dispersed in each colored resin particle have a particle diameter distribution such that the particle diameter of releasing agent particles dispersed in the vicinity of the surface of each colored resin particle is larger than the particle diameter of releasing agent particles at a central site of the colored resin particle. Alternatively, the colored resin particle is coated with the releasing coating layer with a releasing agent layer interposed between them.

Abstract: A toner is used in an image forming process employing a toner recycling system and contains at least a modified polyester resin, a coloring agent, and a releasing agent. The toner has a volume-average particle diameter Dv, a number-average particle diameter Dn and a shape factor SF-1, wherein Dv is in a range from 4.0 &mgr;m to 6.0 &mgr;m, the ratio Dv/Dn of Dv to Dn is in a range from 1.00 to 1.30, and the shape factor SF-1 is in a range from 140 to 200.

Abstract: A toner is provided for the development of an electrostatic image which includes an agglomerate of particles obtained by agglomerating at least primary polymer particles and primary colorant particles, wherein the toner has a THF insoluble content of from 15% to 80% and the toner further includes a wax having a melting point of 30 to 100° C., and the method for producing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic dry toner comprising colored resin particles with releasing agent particles dispersed in a binder resin or an electrophotographic dry toner wherein a resin coating layer obtained by the fixation and fusion of encapsulating resin particles is provided on the surface of colored resin particles with releasing agent particles dispersed in a binder. The releasing agent particles dispersed in each colored resin particle have a particle diameter distribution such that the particle diameter of releasing agent particles dispersed in the vicinity of the surface of each colored resin particle is larger than the particle diameter of releasing agent particles at a central site of the colored resin particle. Alternatively, the colored resin particle is coated with the releasing coating layer with a releasing agent layer interposed between them.

Abstract: Disclosed is a toner comprising particles of a polyester resin, an optional colorant, and polypyrrole, wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process. Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a process which comprises (a) generating an electrostatic latent image on an imaging member, and (b) developing the latent image by contacting the imaging member with charged toner particles comprising a polyester resin, an optional colorant, and polypyrrole, wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a toner comprising particles of a polyester resin, an optional colorant, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process. Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a process which comprises (a) generating an electrostatic latent image on an imaging member, and (b) developing the latent image by contacting the imaging member with charged toner particles comprising a polyester resin, an optional colorant, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process.

Abstract: A toner for development of electrostatic images, comprising colored particles containing at least a binder resin, a colorant and a softening agent, wherein the softening agent is an organic compound having a molecular weight of at least 1,000, a solubility of at least 5 g in 100 g of styrene as measured at 25° C., and an acid value of at most 10 mg KOH/g. The toner is excellent in fixing ability, shelf stability and flowability and permits forming images having high image quality. A production process thereof is also provided.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic latent image is provided that is excellent in releasing property upon fixing and shape controllability upon production of the toner. The toner for developing electrostatic latent image has a number average molecular weight in a range of from 10,000 to 30,000 and a ratio of a Z average molecular weight and a weight average molecular weight in a range of from 3.0 to 6.0.

Abstract: A multi-layered toner comprises a core and a covering layer. The binder resin in the core has an acid value differing from the acid value of the binder resin in the covering layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic dry toner comprising colored resin particles with releasing agent particles dispersed in a binder resin or an electrophotographic dry toner wherein a resin coating layer obtained by the fixation and fusion of encapsulating resin particles is provided on the surface of colored resin particles with releasing agent particles dispersed in a binder. The releasing agent particles dispersed in each colored resin particle have a particle diameter distribution such that the particle diameter of releasing agent particles dispersed in the vicinity of the surface of each colored resin particle is larger than the particle diameter of releasing agent particles at a central site of the colored resin particle. Alternatively, the colored resin particle is coated with the releasing coating layer with a releasing agent layer interposed between them.

Abstract: Disclosed is a toner comprising particles of a vinyl resin, an optional colorant, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process. Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a process which comprises (a) generating an electrostatic latent image on an imaging member, and (b) developing the latent image by contacting the imaging member with charged toner particles comprising a vinyl resin, an optional colorant, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process.

Abstract: A magnetic toner for MICR printers is provided with a binder resin, magnetic powder, and metal oxide particles which are in the outer surface of each toner base particle made from the binder resin and the magnetic powder, the metal oxide particles having a volume resistivity of 1×105 to 1×1011 &OHgr;·cm. A developer containing this MICR toner makes it possible to provide superior image density and reading precision, even after 150,000 to 300,000 sheets of A-4 paper have been continuously printed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a toner comprising particles of a polyester resin, an optional colorant, and polypyrrole, wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process. Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a process which comprises (a) generating an electrostatic latent image on an imaging member, and (b) developing the latent image by contacting the imaging member with charged toner particles comprising a polyester resin, an optional colorant, and polypyrrole, wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process.

Abstract: A method of forming an aqueous dispersion of particles of zinc stearate includes the steps of forming a mixture of at least one surfactant and water, heating the mixture to a temperature of from about 40° C. to less than a melting temperature of zinc stearate, adding a metal-containing stearate to the mixture under agitation, adding to the mixture a solution of a zinc salt in water, whereby upon inclusion of both the metal-containing stearate and the zinc salt in the mixture, the zinc salt reacts with the metal-containing stearate to form the particles of zinc stearate, continuing the heating and agitation following completion of the latter of the adding of the solution of zinc salt or the adding of the metal-containing stearate to continue the reaction, and cooling to obtain the aqueous dispersion of particles of zinc stearate. The method forms a stable aqueous dispersion of nanometer sized zinc stearate particles particularly useful in coating toner particles.