Abstract: The invention relates to a cellular microcompartment comprising successively, organized around a lumen, at least one layer of pluripotent cells, an extracellular matrix layer and an outer hydrogel layer. The invention also relates to processes for preparing such cellular microcompartments.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing core-shell composite particles comprising a polyester, polymerized ethylenically unsaturated silane compounds, and optionally a hydrophobic surface treatment. The invention further provides a composite particle comprising a polyester and a radically polymerized ethylenically unsaturated silane compound.

Abstract: A particle-producing method is provided including the processes of: discharging a liquid from discharge holes provided on a liquid-storing unit storing the liquid to make the liquid into droplets, the liquid containing a physiologically active substance and a polymer; and solidifying the droplets into a particle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for electrophotography that is excellent in the low-temperature fusing property, the initial image quality after storage, and the document offset property. A process for producing a toner for electrophotography, including step 1: melt-mixing a mixture containing a crystalline resin (C) and ester wax (W) having a dipentaerythritol unit as a constitutional component, wherein a difference |Cmp?Wmp| between a melting point Cmp of the crystalline resin (C) and a melting point Wmp of the ester wax (W) is 30° C. or less, and the melt-mixing is performed at a temperature Kt that is the melting point Cmp or more and the melting point Wmp or more.

Abstract: A toner comprising a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the toner has a Martens hardness, as measured at a maximum load condition of 2.0×10?4 N, of from 200 MPa to 1,100 MPa.

Abstract: A method of producing a toner including the steps of: mixing resin fine particles, an organic solvent, and a resin R with a dispersion medium containing carbon dioxide, to prepare a dispersion of resin R-containing droplets; and removing the organic solvent by flowing carbon dioxide, wherein the resin fine particles contain one or more resins that have a partial structure A, B, and C, and are soluble in chloroform; the SP value of the partial structure A, the resin R, and the partial structure B satisfy particular relationships; a resin A constituted of the partial structure A and a resin B constituted of the partial structure B are soluble in the organic solvent; and a resin C constituted of the partial structure C is insoluble in the organic solvent.

Abstract: A toner production method including: a melt-kneading step of melt-kneading a resin composition including a binder resin, a colorant, a wax, and a wax dispersant to obtain a melt-kneaded product; and a pulverizing step of pulverizing the melt-kneaded product. Where the temperature of the melt-kneaded product at the end of the melt-kneading step is Tk (° C.), and the softening point of the wax dispersant is Tm (° C.), the relationship of ?18?[Tk?Tm]?10 is satisfied. The wax dispersant is a polymer in which a styrene acrylic polymer is graft-polymerized to a polyolefin. The styrene acrylic polymer has a monomer unit derived from ?-methylstyrene and a monomer unit derived from a cycloalkyl (meth)acrylate.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles including an amorphous resin and a crystalline resin, wherein, when the toner particles are subjected to a measurement by differential scanning calorimetry before and after being heated at a temperature of 50° C. and a humidity of 50% RH for a week, a relationship between an endothermic amount S1 (J/g) derived from the crystalline resin in a first heating process with respect to the toner particles before being heated and an endothermic amount Sh (J/g) derived from the crystalline resin in a first heating process with respect to the toner particles after being heated satisfies Expression (1): 0.50?S1/Sh?0.90.

Abstract: A method for producing a toner particle include: (a) mixing a binder resin A, resin fine particles containing a resin B, a resin C, an organic solvent, and carbon dioxide, thereby forming a droplet of a resin solution containing the binder resin A, covered with the resin fine particles; (b) applying a pressure by introducing carbon dioxide, thereby precipitating the resin C at the surface of the droplet; and (c) passing carbon dioxide so as to remove the organic solvent from the droplet with the carbon dioxide. The resin C has an organic polysiloxane structure and a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000. The ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the number average molecular weight of the resin C is not more than 5.0. The proportion of the resin C to the rein fine particles is 5.0% by mass to 50.0% by mass.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a toner, the method including a treatment process of treating a coloring particle including a binder resin, a colorant, a crystalline polyester, and a wax in an aqueous medium, wherein, the peak temperature of a crystallization peak (Pp) in the crystalline polyester is denoted by Tp (° C.) and the peak temperature of a crystallization peak (Pw) in the wax is denoted by Tw (° C.), the Tp and Tw satisfy a specific relationship, and the treatment process has a specific cooling step.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for heat treatment capable of heat-treating toner particles efficiently and uniformly while suppressing increase of coarse particles due to coalescence, to thereby enable stable toner production. The apparatus for heat-treating powder particles each of which contains a binder resin and a colorant includes: a cylindrical treatment chamber in which the powder particles are heat-treated; a columnar member (6) provided so as to protrude from a lower end part of the treatment chamber toward an upper end part thereof; a powder particle supply unit (2) for supplying the powder particles to the treatment chamber; a hot air supply unit (3) for heat-treating the supplied powder particles; and a collection unit (5) for collecting the heat-treated powder particles discharged outside the treatment chamber through a toner discharge port provided on the lower end part side of the treatment chamber.

Abstract: There is provided an electrostatic-image-developing toner containing: a toner particle which contains a binder resin containing a polyester resin, a release agent, and a styrene (meth)acrylic resin and in which the styrene (meth)acrylic resin forms a domain having a number average diameter of 300 nm to 800 nm in the toner particle; and an inorganic particle in which the number average diameter of the domain is from 1.5 times to 10 times the number average particle diameter of the inorganic particle.

Abstract: The invention relates to powder, comprising composite particles comprising core particles completely or partially coated with a precipitated first polymer, where the core particles comprise a second polymer which differs from the precipitated first polymer, and where the ratio of the d50 median diameter of the composite particles to the d50 median diameter of the core particles is 1.15 or greater. The invention further relates to processes of using the powders of the present invention to making moldings.

Abstract: A heat treating apparatus for powder particles containing a binder resin and a colorant, the heat treating apparatus including: a treating chamber in which a heat treatment of the powder particles is performed; a raw material-supplying unit for supplying the powder particles to the treating chamber; a hot air-supplying unit that supplies hot air to the treating chamber; a cold air-supplying unit that supplies cold air for cooling the heat-treated powder particles; and a recovering unit that recovers the heat-treated powder particles. The raw material-supplying unit includes an introducing tube and a distributing member, and the distributing member is provided with a protruding member on a portion opposite to an outlet portion of the introducing tube, and the distributing member includes a supplying tube including two or more flow paths that extend radially outwardly from the protruding member to a wall surface of the treating chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for improving the outcome and consistency of hair coloring is provided. In an example method, an image of hair having a sample color may be received. A color space characteristic associated with the hair sample may be determined. An indication of a target color may be received. A colorant formulation may be identified for changing the hair from the sample color to the target color.

Abstract: The particulate material production method includes vibrating a particulate material composition liquid in a liquid column resonance chamber having at least one nozzle to form a standing wave in the particulate material composition liquid caused by liquid column resonance, so that droplets of the particulate material composition liquid are ejected in a droplet ejection direction from the nozzle so as to fly in a space in a flight direction; feeding a gas in a direction substantially perpendicular to the droplet ejection direction to change the flight direction of the ejected droplets; and solidifying the droplets in the space to produce a particulate material. The particulate material composition liquid includes at least a solvent and a component of the particulate material dissolved or dispersed in the solvent, and the nozzle is located at a location corresponding to an anitnode of the standing wave.

Abstract: A method of making metal nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes is disclosed. A mixture of a transition metal compound and an aromatic polymer, a precursor of an aromatic polymer, or an aromatic monomer is heated to form a metal nanoparticle composition, optionally containing carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: A toner, including: a binder resin; and a releasing agent, wherein the toner includes a pressure plastic material as the binder resin, wherein the releasing agent includes a plurality of particulate releasing agents, and wherein the particulate releasing agents forming domain phases are dispersed in the pressure plastic material forming a continuous phase.

Abstract: A method for producing resin particles, including ejecting a liquid containing at least a resin in the form of droplets from a droplet ejecting unit having a plurality of holes provided in a part of a flow channel for feeding the liquid containing at least a resin, and drying and solidifying the ejected droplets so as to obtain the resin particles, while the ejected droplets are transported by a primary transport air flow flowing in the direction in which the droplets are ejected, wherein the ejected droplets are further transported by a secondary transport air flow which transports the ejected droplets in a different direction from a direction in which the primary transport air flow flows, and wherein a smaller angle of angles formed between a velocity vector of the primary transport air flow and a velocity vector of the secondary transport air flow is less than 120 degrees.

Abstract: A method for producing a toner including the steps of melt-kneading at least a resin binder and a colorant to give a kneaded product (step 1); and heat-treating the kneaded product obtained in the step 1 (step 2), wherein the resin binder contains a crystalline resin and an amorphous resin, wherein the crystalline resin contains a specified composite resin containing (a) a specified polycondensation resin component and (b) a styrenic resin component, in a specified weight ratio, wherein the composite resin is contained in the resin binder in a specified amount. The toner obtained by the above method is used in, for example, the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: A toner containing toner particles, each of which contains a binder resin and a colorant, and silica particles, wherein the silica particles have a volume average particle diameter (Dv) of 70 nm or more and 500 nm or less, the variation coefficient of diameters of the silica particles, based on volume distribution thereof, is 23% or less, and wherein when the silica particles are heated from 105° C. to 200° C., the ratio of mass decrease is 0.60% or less.

Abstract: A process includes dissolving a polymer in an organic solvent to form a polymer solution and forming a latex from the polymer solution by contacting the polymer solution with steam while substantially simultaneously distilling the organic solvent.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a toner includes at least one encapsulated particle containing a color developable compound, color developer and a color eraser and polymeric particles. The at least one encapsulated particle and the polymeric particles being aggregated and fused in dispersion liquid.

Abstract: A toner containing a resin binder, a releasing agent, and a charge control agent, wherein the resin binder contains a polyester (A) obtained by polycondensing a carboxylic acid component containing one or more succinic acid derivatives selected from succinic acids substituted with an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms and 20 or less carbon atoms and succinic acids substituted with an alkenyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms and 20 or less carbon atoms, and an alcohol component, a content of the succinic acid derivative being 10% by mol or more and 30% by mol or less of a total amount of the raw material monomers of all the polyesters in the resin binder, and wherein the releasing agent contains an ?-olefin based polymer obtained by polymerizing monomers containing an ?-olefin having 26 or more carbon atoms and 28 or less carbon atoms in an amount of 95% by mol or more, a content of the ?-olefin based polymer being 0.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a carrier core material for electrophotography, including: treating a carrier for electrophotography including a carrier core material for electrophotography and a coating layer on a surface of the carrier core material for electrophotography with an aqueous solution including an oxidant in a subcritical state or a supercritical state having a temperature of 280° C. or greater and a density of 0.20 g/cm3 or greater, wherein an amount of the oxidant in a total amount of the aqueous solution used in the treating is greater than 0.05 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the carrier for electrophotography to be treated in the treating.

Abstract: A low melt or ultra low melt toner includes at least one amorphous polyester of an alkoxylated bisphenol based polyester, a crystalline polyester derived from the reaction of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or aromatic dicarboxylic acid with an aliphatic diol, at least one colorant and at least one fluorescence agent. Methods of authentication of the toner, of authentication of documents formed from the toner, of embedding information in documents, and the like are also set forth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to toner for electrostatic charge image development including a resin, a metal-containing compound, and a colorant compound precursor to be converted to a colorant compound through a reaction with the metal-containing compound by heat applied at heat fixing. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide toner for electrostatic charge image development which is excellent in fluidity and storage stability and a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A process includes forming a filter cake from a slurry of emulsion aggregation toner particles and washing the filter cake with an alcohol to create porous toner particles.

Abstract: A yellow toner is provided which is superior in dispersibility of C. I. pigment yellow 185, has a high color development property, and is superior in light resistance. The yellow toner has toner particles containing at least a binder resin, a wax, and a colorant, wherein the yellow toner contains C.I.

Abstract: A black toner for developing a latent electrostatic image, including: a toner base containing a pigment, a binder resin, a releasing agent, a compound containing fluorine and a compound containing sulfur; and an external additive, wherein the toner contains the external additive on a surface of the toner base, and wherein an amount of the fluorine in the toner base is 200 ppm by mass to 600 ppm by mass as measured by combustion-ion chromatography, and an amount of the sulfur in the toner base is 1,000 ppm by mass to 1,500 ppm by mass as measured by the combustion-ion chromatography.

Abstract: A toner is manufactured by a dissolution suspension method, wherein a colorant that is capable of being dissolved in a predetermined amount into ethyl acetate is used, and no pigment dispersant is used.

Abstract: A toner is provided that, even in a small amount thereof, gives a satisfactory image density and that is free of image problems, e.g., fogging and offset resistance, even during long-term use and in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment. The toner contains a binder resin, a pigment, and a prescribed azo compound wherein, designating as (A) the solubility of the azo compound in a toluene-hexane solubility test and as (B) the solubility of the binder resin constituting the toner in the toluene-hexane solubility test, the (A) and the (B) satisfy the relationship |(B)?(A)|?60.

Abstract: A toner for use in developing an electrostatic latent image is provided. The toner includes a colored particulate material including at least a binder resin and a colorant; and an external additive present on a surface of the colored particulate material and including a particulate crystalline hydroxyapatite. The particulate crystalline hydroxyapatite has an average aspect ratio of not less than 3 and less than 30.

Abstract: A toner which includes a binder resin, a colorant and a hydrocarbon wax has a ratio W1/W2 of the half width W1 (° C.) of a endothermic peak derived from melting of the hydrocarbon wax in a first temperature rise process on the toner to the half width W2 (° C.) of a endothermic peak derived from melting of the hydrocarbon wax in a second temperature rise process, as measured with a differential scanning calorimeter, with the ratio W1/W2 being not less than 0.50 and not more than 0.90.

Abstract: A method for reclaiming an out-of-spec emulsion material includes recovering the out-of-spec emulsion material from a scrap manufacturing batch; distilling the out-of-spec emulsion material to raise a solids content of the out-of-spec emulsion material to about 45 wt % or more based on a total weight of the emulsion material; dissolving the distilled emulsion material in a solvent to form a first mixture; adding a base to the first mixture to neutralize acid groups present in the distilled emulsion material, forming a second mixture; emulsifying the second mixture by adding water to the second mixture; and forming particles having an average particle diameter (D50v) within a target range, wherein the out-of-spec emulsion material has an average particle diameter falling outside of the target range.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for making a resin emulsion suitable for use in forming toner particles including using a wiped film evaporator for removing residual solvents.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic latent image development of the present invention includes toner particles containing toner mother particles and an external additive. The external additive contains fatty acid metal salt particles, and a volume based particle diameter (size) distribution of the fatty acid metal salt particles has two peaks on a side of smaller size and a side of larger size, respectively. A volume based mean particle diameter of the fatty acid metal salt particles having the peak on the side of smaller size is 3.0 ?m or smaller and a volume based mean particle diameter of the fatty acid metal salt particles having the peak on the side of larger size is larger than a volume based mean particle diameter of the toner mother particles.

Abstract: A method for producing a toner that comprises toner particles, each of which comprises a binder resin, which comprises a resin (A) capable of forming a crystalline structure, and a colorant, the method including: a pressure holding step of, after preparing toner particles, holding the toner particles for 5 minutes or more at a pressure of 2.0 MPa or more under conditions of a temperature T1 (° C.) represented by formula (1): 20?T1?Tp2??(1) (wherein, Tp2 represents the onset temperature of the maximum endothermic peak derived from the resin (A)), wherein a peak temperature Tp1 of the maximum endothermic peak derived from the resin (A) during the first temperature rise of the toner particles as determined by differential scanning calorimetric measurement is 50° C. to 90° C.

Abstract: A method for making polymer-encapsulated metallic ink particles is disclosed herein. An ethylene-based polymeric resin powder is formed, and is mixed with a metallic pigment powder to form a powder mixture. The powder mixture is melted to form a metallic polymer melt. A non-polar carrier is added to the metallic polymer melt to form a slurry. The slurry is processed in a microfluidizer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a toner, including at least: dissolving or dispersing a toner material including at least any one of a binder resin and a precursor of a binder resin in an organic solvent which is dispersed in a dispersant-including aqueous medium; forming particles by removing the organic solvent; washing the particles; forming voids in the particles by heating to a temperature T while or after dispersing the particles in an aqueous medium; forming toner base particles by adding a charge controlling agent; and adding an external additive to the toner base particles to obtain toner particles, wherein the T is between a glass transition temperature Tg of the toner particles and Tg+25° C., and the toner has a cross-sectional void fraction Sp/St of 0.1% to 15.0%, where St is a cross-sectional area of the toner particles, and Sp is a cross-sectional area of the voids.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making a latex emulsion suitable for use in a toner comprising at least one amorphous polyester resin and a solvent to form a resin mixture, including that the process is carried out at room temperature using acoustic mixing.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a polyester toner resin comprising a natural phenol used in manufacturing a toner for imaging devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to, in the toner including toner particles having a biding agent resin, colorings and a release agent, an electrostatic image developing toner, its composition, and a preparation method thereof. The electrostatic image developing toner is prepared by the method comprising: (1) preparing an inorganic dispersion medium; (2) dispersing/dissolving a polymerizable monomer mixture; (3) micronizing the liquid obtained in step (2) in the liquid obtained in step (1) with high shear force in order to create droplets; (4) performing radical polymerization of the micronized droplets obtained in step (3); (5) aggregating particles obtained in step (4); (6) fusing the aggregate obtained in step (5); (7) cleaning and drying the toner obtained by step (6); and (8) adding additives to impart electrification and fluidity to a toner obtained by step (7).

Abstract: Disclosed is an decolorizable electrophotographic toner, containing a binder resin, an electron-donating color-developable agent, and a wax having a color-developing action and having an acid value of 60 mgKOH/g or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner that contains an azo pigment well-dispersed in a binder resin and has a satisfactory color tone. The toner contains toner particles each containing a binder resin and a colorant. Each of the toner particles contains a compound having a polyester moiety and a bisazo structure moiety. The colorant is the azo pigment.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of developer compositions comprising: providing a first developer including carrier and a first toner comprised of resin, pigment, polyolefin, a first compatibilizer, a first charge control agent, and a first metal oxide surface additive; and, adding thereto a second developer including carrier, and a second toner, second compatibilizer, a second charge control agent, and a second metal oxide surface additive.

Abstract: Provided is a toner comprising toner particles, wherein each of the toner particles has a core-shell structure composed of a core and a shell phase formed on the core, the shell phase contains a resin (B), and the core contains a binder resin (A), a colorant and a wax, wherein the toner particles contain the resin (B) in a specific amount with respect to the core, and wherein the solubility parameter (SP value) of the binder resin (A) is denoted by SP(A), the SP value of the resin (B) is denoted by SP(B), the SP value of a repeating unit with the smallest SP value from among repeating units constituting the resin (B) is denoted by SP(C), and the SP value of the wax is denoted by SP(W), each of the SP(A), SP(B), SP(C) and SP(W) satisfy specific relationships.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing toner including melting, mixing, and kneading a releasing agent and a coloring agent with at least part of a polyester binder resin, and suspending and granulating an oil phase comprising the binder resin, the coloring agent, and the releasing agent in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: An emulsion aggregation toner composition is disclosed that includes toner particles with at least one small crystalline molecule, such as a trans-cinnamic diester, at least one amorphous resin, optional waxes, coagulants, pigments, and combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the small crystalline molecule is biodegradable and can be made using raw materials derived from renewable resources. Such small crystalline molecules are also compatible with amorphous binder resins, to provide toner compositions with reduced minimum fusing temperatures without sacrificing electrical performance. Processes for preparing emulsion aggregation toner compositions are also described.

Abstract: A particulate production apparatus, including a droplet discharger to discharge a liquid including a particulate element which is solidified to become a particulate; and a pressure controller to feed the liquid including a particulate element to the droplet discharger at a pressure within a desired range.