Abstract: An aqueous resin dispersion wherein a polymer (C) obtained by bonding a polyolefin (A) to a polyether resin (B) is dispersed in water; and the polyether resin (B) contains a polyether resin (B1) having an HLB of less than 8 and a polyether resin (B2) having an HLB of 8 to 20 according to calculation by the Griffin method.

Abstract: There is provided laminated glass which is high in heat shielding properties. The laminated glass according to the present invention is provided with a first laminated glass member, a second laminated glass member and an interlayer film arranged between the first and second laminated glass members; the interlayer film is provided with an infrared ray reflection layer which reflects infrared rays, a first resin layer which is arranged on a first surface side of the infrared ray reflection layer and contains a thermoplastic resin, and a second resin layer which is arranged on a second surface side of the infrared ray reflection layer and contains a thermoplastic resin; and the infrared ray transmittance in the wavelength of 780 to 2100 nm of the whole layer composed of the first laminated glass member and the first resin layer is higher than the infrared ray transmittance in the wavelength of 780 to 2100 nm of the whole layer composed of the first laminated glass member and the second resin layer.

Abstract: There is provided laminated glass which is high in heat shielding properties. The laminated glass according to the present invention is provided with a first laminated glass member, a second laminated glass member and an interlayer film arranged between the first and second laminated glass members; the interlayer film is provided with an infrared ray reflection layer which reflects infrared rays, a first resin layer which is arranged on a first surface side of the infrared ray reflection layer and contains a thermoplastic resin, and a second resin layer which is arranged on a second surface side of the infrared ray reflection layer and contains a thermoplastic resin; and the infrared ray transmittance in the wavelength of 780 to 2100 nm of the whole layer composed of the first laminated glass member and the first resin layer is higher than the infrared ray transmittance in the wavelength of 780 to 2100 nm of the whole layer composed of the first laminated glass member and the second resin layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides coating compositions for forming a toner coating on a substrate containing a polymer comprising: (a) a N-vinyl amide monomer, (b) a vinyl acetate monomer, and (c) a solvent. The coating compositions may further comprise an additional hydrophobic monomer moiety. The present invention further provides coating compositions for forming a toner coating on a substrate containing a polymer comprising: (a) a N-vinyl amide monomer, (b) a styrene monomer, and (c) a solvent. The present invention further provides toner substrates coated with the coating compositions.

Abstract: There is provided a fluoride phosphor composite including: fluoride phosphor core particles that may be expressed by the empirical formula AxMFy:Mn4+, wherein A may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, M may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Si, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ge, and Sn, the composition ratio (x) of A may satisfy 2?x?3, the composition ratio (y) of F may satisfy 4?y?7, each fluoride phosphor composite particle may be coated with a Mn-free fluoride coating. The Mn-free fluoride coating may have a thickness less than or equal to 35% of the size of each fluoride phosphor composite particle.

Abstract: An organic film deposition apparatus includes: a deposition source that discharges a deposition material; a deposition source nozzle unit located at a side of the deposition source and including a plurality of deposition source nozzles arranged in a first direction; a patterning slit sheet spaced apart from the deposition source nozzle unit and having a plurality of patterning slits arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a first blocking member between the substrate and the deposition source and movable together with the substrate to be positioned to screen at least a part of the substrate; and a second blocking member between the first blocking member and the substrate and fixedly held relative to the deposition source, wherein the substrate is spaced apart from the organic film deposition apparatus and at least one of the substrate or the organic film deposition apparatus moves relative to the other.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element is provided that has high luminous efficiency, and a slow luminance deterioration rate in the initial stage of lighting. The organic electroluminescent element includes a substrate; a pair of electrodes including an anode and a cathode, disposed on the substrate; and at least one organic layer including a light emitting layer, disposed between the electrodes, wherein at least one organic layer includes a compound represented by the general formula (1). (R11 to R15 represent hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups, or silyl groups, and any one of R21 to R24 represents a group represented by general formula (1A) or (1B). Ph4 represents a p-phenylene group, and at least one of Ph4a and Ph4b represents a p-phenylene group.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a mask having submillimetric openings, in which: for a masking layer, a solution of colloidal nanoparticles that are stabilized and dispersed in a first solvent is deposited, the particles having a given glass transition temperature Tg, the drying of the masking layer is carried out at a temperature below the temperature Tg until a mask having a two-dimensional network of submillimetric openings is obtained with substantially straight mask area edges, in a zone referred to as a network mask zone, a zone free of masking is formed on the face by mechanical and/or optical removal of at least one peripheral portion of the network mask zone. The invention also relates to the network mask and the grid with an electroconductive solid zone that are thus obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image transfer process. The process includes the steps of: a) providing an image carrying device including at least one photoluminescent surface; b) displaying a luminous image on a display surface of a light-emitting medium; and c) positioning the display surface of the light-emitting medium that is displaying the luminous image at a distance from the at least one photoluminescent surface of the image carrying device shorter than a predetermined effective distance, for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A non-resonant two-photon absorption recording material containing at least (a) a non-resonant two-photon absorption compound, and (b) a recording component in which at least either a refractive index or fluorescence intensity changes, wherein the non-resonant two-photon absorption compound (a) is a compound having a structure represented by formula (1) as described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image transfer process. The process includes the steps of: a) providing an image carrying device including at least one photoluminescent surface; b) displaying a luminous image on a display surface of a light-emitting medium; and c) positioning the display surface of the light-emitting medium that is displaying the luminous image at a distance from the at least one photoluminescent surface of the image carrying device shorter than a predetermined effective distance, for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present invention provide for a system and method for modeling S-distortion in an image intensifier. In an embodiment, the method may include identifying a reference coordinate on an input screen of the image intensifier. The method also includes computing a set of charged particle velocity vectors. The method also includes computing a set of magnetic field vectors. The method also includes computing the force exerted on the charged particle in an image intensifier. Certain embodiments of the present invention include an iterative method for calibrating an image acquisition system with an analytic S-distortion model. In an embodiment, the method may include comparing the difference between the measured fiducial shadow positions and the model fiducial positions with a threshold value. If the difference is less than the threshold value, the optical distortion parameters are used for linearizing the set of acquired images.

Abstract: The invention provides a radical generator, although being a self-cleavage type initiator, which is capable of suppressing volatilization of low molecular weight decomposition materials at the time of light radiation and post-baking, and leaving no low molecular weight decomposition materials in the final product, a photosensitive resin composition and an article using the radical generator. The photoradical generator provided according to the invention contains a compound (a) having one or more self-cleavage type radical-generating parts and one or more ethylenic unsaturated groups in one molecule.

Abstract: A simultaneous two-photon absorption recording-reproduction method of recording and reproducing a data by inducing changes in the fluorescence intensities in a recorded part and an unrecorded part by simultaneous two-photon absorption, comprising: generating a fluorescence quencher in a two-photon recording part; and inducing quenching by excitation energy transfer between the fluorescence quencher and a fluorescent dye to physically quench the fluorescence by reproduction light from the fluorescent dye and decrease the fluorescence intensity in the recorded part; and a simultaneous two-photon absorption recording material for use in the method capable of generating a fluorescence quencher capable of inducing quenching by excitation energy transfer between the fluorescence quencher and a fluorescent dye by simultaneous two-photon absorption and physically quenching the fluorescence from the fluorescent dye.

Abstract: A method for evaluating an electrophotographic photoconductor in terms of filming occurrence is provided that comprises irradiating UV rays having a wavelength of 200 nm to 420 nm onto the electrophotographic photoconductor and measuring fluorescence emitted from the electrophotographic photoconductor.

Abstract: A radiographic image conversion panel containing a substrate having thereon a phosphor layer formed by a vapor-accumulating method, wherein the phosphor layer has a thickness distribution of not more than ±20%, the thickness distribution being defined by the formula: ((Dmax?Dmin)/(Dmax+Dmin))×100, provided that Dmax is a maximum thickness of the phosphor layer; and Dmin is a minimum thickness of the phosphor layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a photostorage solid drawing medium comprising a solvent, a resin soluble in the solvent, a photostorage pigment and a gelling agent, wherein the photostorage pigment comprises a long afterglow fluorescent substance comprising an alkaline earth aluminosilicate as a matrix activated with a rare earth element wherein the alkaline earth element is at least one selected from the group consisting of strontium, calcium, magnesium and barium. The solvent used is a polar solvent, particularly a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent, or at least one alcoholic solvent selected from the group consisting of glycols, glycol ethers, glycol ether esters and monovalent alcohols.

Abstract: Semiconductor nanocrystals surface-coordinated with a compound containing a photosensitive functional group, a photosensitive composition comprising semiconductor nanocrystals, and a method for forming semiconductor nanocrystal pattern by producing a film using the photosensitive semiconductor nanocrystals or the photosensitive composition, exposing the film to light and developing the exposed film, are provided. The semiconductor nanocrystal pattern exhibits luminescence characteristics comparable to the semiconductor nanocrystals before patterning and can be usefully applied to organic-inorganic hybrid electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides microparticles that create permanent tissue markings, such as tattoos, designed in advance for change and/or removal on demand, as well as methods for implanting the microparticles in tissue and changing and/or removing the resulting markings. Colored microparticles are constructed with specific electromagnetic absorption and/or structural properties that facilitate changing and/or removing tissue markings made using the microparticles by applying specific energy (such as electromagnetic radiation from a laser or flash-lamp) to the tissue marking site.

Abstract: A photothermographic material having, on at least one side of a support, an image forming layer including at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive silver salt of a fatty acid, a reducing agent, and a binder, wherein 1) the photosensitive silver halide has an average silver iodide content of 40 mol % or higher, and 2) the photothermographic material includes a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a salt thereof: R1—C?C—R1???Formula (I) wherein R1 and R1? each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group, and R1 and R1? are not simultaneously a hydrogen atom. The invention provides a photothermographic material which exhibits high sensitivity and excellent image storability, and an image forming method.

Abstract: The present invention provides a black and white photothermographic material including at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, and a binder on a support, wherein the black and white photothermographic material contains a compound represented by the following formula (1) and at least one compound represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (2), (3), (4), and (5): wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent which substitutes for a hydrogen atom on a benzene ring; and R5 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; An image forming method using the black and white photothermographic material and a fluorescent intensifying screen is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a photothermographic material including: a support and an image-forming layer including a non-photosensitive silver salt, a photosensitive silver halide, a binder, and a reduction agent disposed on the support, wherein a silver iodide content in the photosensitive silver halide is in a range from 40 mol % to 100 mol %; and an average sphere-equivalent diameter of the photosensitive silver halide is in a range from 0.3 ?m to 5.0 ?m. The photothermographic material may further include a silver iodide complex forming agent as a compound which substantially reduces visible light absorption caused by the photosensitive silver halide after thermal development. At least 50%, in terms of a projected area, of the photosensitive silver halide may be occupied by tabular silver halide grains having an aspect ratio of from 2 to 50 and being deposited with a silver salt in an epitaxial growth manner.

Abstract: A radiation image storage panel comprises a substrate, a stimulable phosphor layer, which is constituted of a stimulable phosphor, and a transparent water vapor proof film, which is constituted of a water vapor proof layer and a transparent thin film. The substrate, the stimulable phosphor layer, and the transparent water vapor proof film are overlaid in this order. The transparent water vapor proof film is overlaid via an adhesive layer on the stimulable phosphor layer. The transparent thin film has a thickness falling within the range of 1 ?m to 10 ?m. The radiation image storage panel has good water vapor proof characteristics and is capable of yielding an image of good image quality with a high sensitivity.

Abstract: The present invention provides microparticles that create permanent tissue markings, such as tattoos, designed in advance for change and/or removal on demand, as well as methods for implanting the microparticles in tissue and changing and/or removing the resulting markings. Colored microparticles are constructed with specific electromagnetic absorption and/or structural properties that facilitate changing and/or removing tissue markings made using the microparticles by applying specific energy (such as electromagnetic radiation from a laser or flash-lamp) to the tissue marking site.

Abstract: A radiographic image conversion panel containing a substrate having thereon a phosphor layer formed by a vapor-accumulating method, wherein the phosphor layer has a thickness distribution of not more than ±20%, the thickness distribution being defined by the formula: ((Dmax?Dmin)/(Dmax+Dmin))×100, provided that Dmax is a maximum thickness of the phosphor layer; and Dmin is a minimum thickness of the phosphor layer.

Abstract: First a display panel having a pixel region and a controlling circuit region is formed. Then a plurality of pixels arranged in array is formed in the pixel region. A plurality of orientation patterns that do not overlap the pixels is formed. Finally an input device is provided. The input device has a sensor for detecting the orientation patterns and generates at least a signal for inputting data.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed toward a photoluminescent article comprising at least one host material and at least one color tunable photoluminescent dye. In certain embodiments, the emission spectrum of the at least one tunable photoluminescent dye may be dependent on the supramolecular architecture of the material. The photoluminescent emission spectrum of the dye is capable of being shifted by subjecting the article to an external stimuli such as, but not limited to, a mechanical deformation, a temperature change, aging of the article, a pressure change, exposure to a chemical compound. In specific embodiments, the color tunable photoluminescent dye is an oligo(phenylene vinylene) compound, such as, but not limited to, 1,4-Bis-(?-cyano-4-methoxystyryl)-benzene, 1,4-bis-(?-cyano-4-methoxystyryl)-2,5-dimethoxybenzene, and 1,4-bis-(?-cyano-4-(2-ethylhexyloxystyryl)-2,5-dimethoxybenzene and 2,5-bis-(?-cyano-4-methoxystyryl)-thiophene.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of forming a positive image in a photothermographic assembly comprising a photothermographic material and an intensifying means for converting ionizing radiation, wherein the assembly has been imagewise exposed to ionizing radiation to form a latent image in the photothermographic material. The photothermographic material has at least one imaging layer comprising a potentially negative-working emulsion, wherein thermal development of unexposed silver salts in exposed areas relative to unexposed areas is inhibiting when thermally developing the imagewise exposed assembly, thereby producing a positive image. The present invention is also directed to a photothermographic assembly that can be used in the present process in which a positive image characterized by high speed and discrimination is formed when exposed and thermally heated above 150° C.

Abstract: A performance of a stimulable phosphor layer is enhanced by filling a filler in spacing of columnar crystals of a stimulable phosphor layer in a radiation image conversion panel having a stimulable phosphor layer in the form of columnar crystals formed by a vapor deposition method. According to the foregoing radiation image conversion panel, entire columnar crystals were able to be evenly surface-treated by penetrating the surface treatment agent into spacing of columnar crystals and by being treated for the surface of columnar crystals with the surface treatment agent in surface tension not more than 25 mN/m, and functions concerning properties such as the prevention of reflection and scattering of a stimulating light, water-repelling, oil-repelling, moisture resistance, antifouling and so forth can also be added.

Abstract: While the invention has been described in conjunction with the detailed description thereof, the foregoing description is intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the scope of the appended claims. Other aspects, advantages, and modifications are within the scope of the following claims.

Abstract: Black-and-white, dry processable thermally developable materials have increased stability after imaging with the incorporation of at least 0.0001 mol/m2 of a thermal solvent having one or more >N—C(?O)— groups. Such thermally developable materials include both thermographic and photothermographic materials.

Abstract: Black-and-white, aqueous-based, silver halide-containing photothermographic materials have increased stability both prior to use and after imaging with the incorporation of at least 0.005 g/m2 of a tetrafluoroborate salt.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming method including providing a photothermographic material having image forming layers containing at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent, and a binder on both surfaces of a support, imagewise exposing the photothermographic material with a fluorescent intensifying screen, and thermally developing the photothermographic material in a thermal developing apparatus having a heating section, wherein the heating section has at least two heating means and a difference between a sensitivity when the photothermographic material is developed at 25° C. and relative humidity of 75% and a sensitivity when the photothermographic material is developed at 25° C. and relative humidity of 20% is 0.20 or less. An image forming method similar to that described above in which the photothermographic material has an antistatic layer is also provided.

Abstract: Photothermographic materials are designed with increased photospeed by chemical sensitizing the photosensitive silver halide grains with a combination of compounds. A first chemical sensitizer is a specific gold(III)-containing compound and a second chemical sensitizer is a sulfur-containing compound that is a diphenylphosphine sulfide. The molar ratio of the gold(III)-containing compound to the sulfur-containing compound is at least 1:1.

Abstract: A radiographic imaging assembly comprises a symmetric radiographic silver halide film has an overall system speed of at least 1100 to provide images with improved contrast and sharpness and reduced fog. The imaging assembly includes a symmetric radiographic film having a speed of at least 700 that includes at least two silver halide emulsions on each side of the support that comprise tabular silver halide grains. The emulsions closer to the support comprise a suitable crossover control agent. The imaging assembly also includes a pair of phosphor intensifying screens that have an average screen sharpness measurement (SSM) greater than reference Curve A of FIG. 4. The screens can have a support that includes a reflective substrate comprising a continuous polyester phase and microvoids containing inorganic particles dispersed within the polyester phase.

Abstract: The invention provides a photothermographic material having, on both sides of a support, an image forming layer including at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent, and a binder, which is to be exposed with X-rays using a fluorescent intensifying screen, wherein (1) a coating amount of the photosensitive silver halide per one side is from 0.01 g/m2 to 0.45 g/m2 in terms of silver amount; and (2) a crossover (%) is 30% or more, or when parallel light having the same wavelength as a main emission peak wavelength of the fluorescent intensifying screen is incident perpendicular to the surface of the photothermographic material, the parallel light component of transmitted light comprises 5% or more of the incident light. A photothermographic material for medical use having high sensitivity and high image quality is provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a radical generator, although being a self-cleavage type initiator, which is capable of suppressing volatilization of low molecular weight decomposition materials at the time of light radiation and post-baking, and leaving no low molecular weight decomposition materials in the final product, a photosensitive resin composition and an article using the radical generator. The photoradical generator provided according to the invention contains a compound (a) having one or more self-cleavage type radical-generating parts and one or more ethylenic unsaturated groups in one molecule.

Abstract: The invention provides a black and white photothermographic material including, on at least one surface of a support, at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent and a binder, wherein 50% or more of the total projected area of the photosensitive silver halide grains is occupied by tabular grains having an aspect ratio of 2 or more, and at least one apex portion of each tabular grain has an epitaxial junction. An image forming method is also provided, the method including bringing the photothermographic material into close contact with a fluorescent intensifying screen containing a fluorescent substance, wherein 50% or more of emission light of the fluorescent substance has a wavelength of 350 nm to 420 nm, and applying X-ray exposure. The black and white photothermographic material has high sensitivity and is superior in image storability and raw stock storability.

Abstract: Photothermographic materials are coated with imaging layers and an antihalation layer between the support and thermally developable imaging layers on one or both sides of the support. Such materials can be arranged in association with one or more phosphor intensifying screens capable of providing emission at a predetermined wavelength in imaging assemblies. These imaging assemblies can be exposed to X-radiation and thereby excited to form a latent image in the photothermographic material that can eventually be used for medical diagnosis. The antihalation layers contain radiation absorbing compounds (such as a UV-radiation absorbing compounds) that absorb radiation at the predetermined wavelength (for example at 300 to 450 nm) and have limited absorption at higher wavelengths.

Abstract: Photothermographic materials are coated with thermally developable imaging layers on both sides of the support. Such materials can be arranged in association with one or more phosphor intensifying screens capable of providing emission at a predetermined wavelength in imaging assemblies. These imaging assemblies can be exposed to X-radiation and thereby form a latent image in the photothermographic material that can eventually be heat developed and used for medical diagnosis. The photothermographic materials contain an opaque material that acts as a crossover control agent that absorbs radiation at the predetermined wavelength, for example at 300 to 450 nm, and has limited absorption at higher wavelengths. When the photothermographic material is heated, the opaque material loses its opacity. Additional crossover control agents, such as UV-absorbing compounds, can also be added to the support or to an antihalation layer.

Abstract: A radiation image conversion panel exhibiting improved resistance to peeling or shock as well as enhanced sharpness is disclosed, comprising on a support a stimulable phosphor layer composed of columnar phosphor crystals formed through gas phase deposition, wherein the stimulable phosphor layer exhibits an X-ray diffraction pattern meeting the following ratio (I2/I1) of the highest peak intensity I1 and the second highest peak intensity I2: 0.3?I2/I1?1.0.

Abstract: A radiation image conversion panel comprising a support and a stimulable phosphor layer provided on the support, in which the stimulable phosphor layer is formed by a gas-phase growing method so that the layer thickness of not less than 50 ?m and the surface of the support is composed of polyimide resin.

Abstract: Thermally developable imaging materials have an outermost protective layer that is composed of one or more hydrophilic film-forming components. The predominant film-forming component is a positively-charged latex polymer that has cationic groups. The charged latex polymer is present as latex particles that have prepared in the presence of a non-ionic or cationic stabilizer in an amount of at least 0.5% (by weight) that has an HLB value of 7 to 20. The nonionic or cationic stabilizer becomes associated with the latex polymer particles. Both thermographic and photothermographic materials can be prepared with such protective layers.

Abstract: The addition of certain aliphatic and non-aromatic carbocyclic polycarboxylic acids provides an improvement in natural age keeping properties of organic-solvent based photothermographic materials. This improvement is particularly useful in organic-based photothermographic materials containing phosphors in the photothermographic emulsion layer. Phosphor-containing materials can be particularly useful for direct radiographic imaging using X-radiation.

Abstract: A phosphor or scintillator sheet, web or panel is provided, wherein a phosphor or a scintillator layer is coated onto a flexible substrate, the stiffness of which is lowered by presence of pits or grooves onto said substrate, preferably applied by a technique selected from the group consisting of mechanical, chemical, (laser) optical, electrical and photo-etching techniques.

Abstract: A phosphor screen comprises an inorganic phosphor capable of absorbing X-rays and emitting electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength greater than 300 nm. The phosphor is disposed on a support that has a reflective substrate comprising a continuous polyester first phase and a second phase dispersed within the continuous polyester first phase. The second phase contains microvoids that in turn contain barium sulfate particles. This support provides improved reflectivity particularly at shorter wavelengths.

Abstract: A radiographic image conversion panel including a support, and at least one photostimulable phosphor layer formed on the support by a vapor phase deposition method (vapor phase growth). The panel is manufactured according to deposition, and a temperature of the support at the time of deposition is controlled at 50° C. to 150° C.

Abstract: A reflective radiographic material is useful to provide images that can be viewed without a light box. This reflective radiographic material has a reflective support and a silver halide emulsion on one side of the support only. The material can be used with a single green- or blue-light emitting fluorescent intensifying screen as part of an imaging assembly. The reflective support enables the image in the radiographic material to be viewed without a light box and the speed of the material enables the use of low power X-radiation generating equipment.

Abstract: A radiographic image conversion panel includes: a support; and at least one photostimulable phosphor layer provided on the support, wherein at least one layer of the photostimulable phosphor layers is formed by a photostimulable phosphor, and an amount of an activation metal atom at an end of a photostimulable phosphor crystal and an amount of an activation metal atom in the vicinity of the support satisfy a specific formula.

Abstract: A reflective radiographic material (at least 200 system speed) is useful especially to provide images that can be viewed without a light box. This reflective radiographic material has a reflective support, a silver halide emulsion on one side of the support only, and a photographic speed of at least 200. The reflective material also includes an incorporated black-and-white developing agent and a co-developing agent, and can be used with a single fluorescent intensifying screen as part of an imaging assembly. The reflective support enables viewing the resulting image without a light box and the high speed of the material enables the use of low power X-radiation generating equipment. The incorporated black-and-white developing agent and co-developing agent allow the radiographic material to be quickly processed after exposure using simplified processing chemistry.