Abstract: Provided herein are polymer materials that find use in, for example, delivery of short-chain fatty acids. In particular, polymers are provided that form stable nanoscale structures and release their payload, for example, by cleavage of a covalent bond (e.g., via hydrolysis or enzymatic cleavage). The polymers are useful, for example, for delivery of payloads (e.g., SCFAs) to the intestine for applications in health and treatment of disease, and have broad applicability in diseases linked to changes in the human microbiota including inflammatory, autoimmune, allergic, metabolic, and central nervous system diseases, among others.

Abstract: Described are polyurethane-vinyl hybrid polymers, methods of making them and their use. The hybrid polymers are made from an anionic polyurethane and a polymerizable vinyl compound, wherein the polymerizable vinyl compound is selected from methylene malonates, methylene beta-ketoesters and methylene beta-diketones. The hybrid polymers can be used as binder in structural adhesives, as binder in pressure-sensitive adhesives, as binder in laminating adhesives, as binder in contact adhesives, as binder in ink, as binder in paints, as binder in coatings, as binder for fiber bonding, as binder for particle bonding or as binder in high cohesion adhesive tapes.

Abstract: Grafted, crosslinked cellulosic materials include cellulose fibers and polymer chains composed of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated acid group-containing monomer (such as acrylic acid) grafted thereto, in which one or more of said cellulose fibers and said polymer chains are crosslinked (such as by intra-fiber chain-to-chain crosslinks). Some of such materials are characterized by a wet bulk of about 10.0-17.0 cm3/g, an IPRP value of about 1000 to 7700 cm2/MPa·sec, and/or a MAP value of about 7.0 to 38 cm H2O. Methods for producing such materials may include grafting polymer chains from a cellulosic substrate, followed by treating the grafted material with a crosslinking agent adapted to effect crosslinking of one or more of the cellulosic substrate or the polymer chains. Example crosslinking mechanisms include esterfication reactions, ionic reactions, and radical reactions, and example crosslinking agents include pentaerythritol, homopolymers of the graft species monomer, and hyperbranched polymers.

Abstract: A composition comprising at least 75 mol % C6 to C9 monocarboxylic acid secondary C6 to C12 esters, wherein the C6 to C9 monocarboxylic acid secondary C6 to C12 esters comprise at least 20 mol % of a C6 to C9 monocarboxylic acid 2-hexyl ester, a C6 to C9 monocarboxylic acid 2-heptyl ester, a C6 to C9 monocarboxylic acid 2-octyl ester, a C6 to C9 monocarboxylic acid 2-nonyl ester, a C6 to C9 monocarboxylic acid 2-decyl ester, a C6 to C9 monocarboxylic acid 2-undecyl ester, a C6 to C9 monocarboxylic acid 2-dodecyl ester, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of applying an adhesion primer layer for an imprint lithography process that includes contacting a fluid with a surface of a substrate in a coating process and initiating a chemical reaction that forms a covalent bond between a component in the fluid and the surface of the substrate such that an adhesion primer layer is adhered to the surface of the substrate. A polymeric layer may be adhered to the surface of the substrate coated with the adhesion primer layer. The method allows adhesion primer coating for double-sided imprinting applications including patterned magnetic media.

Abstract: An image-receiving element for use in photographic and photothermographic diffusion transfer film units of the type where the image-receiving element is designed to be removed, or “peeled-apart” from a photosensitive element following exposure and photographic processing. The present image-receiving element comprises, in sequence, a support, an image-receiving layer and a strip-coat layer which serves to facilitate separation of the image-receiving element from the photosensitive element after photographic processing. The strip-coat layer comprises an anion of poly(acrylic acid), or a salt thereof, complexed with a cationic quaternary salt. In a preferred embodiment, the strip coat layer may include an ethoxylated alcohol.

Abstract: A dye-fixing element for color diffusion transfer process, having an ultraviolet-absorbing layer that contains an ultraviolet absorber in a coating amount of 0.2 g/m2 or more, over a mordant layer; and containing, as at least one dispersion medium for the ultraviolet absorber, a compound represented by formula (1), in a ratio (mass ratio) of 25 to 200% of the ultraviolet absorber; with the sum of coating amounts of the ultraviolet absorber and total dispersion medium for the ultraviolet absorber being 1.0 g/m2 or less; wherein x and y each represent a molar fraction of each recurring unit, the total of x and y is 1, and y ranges from 0.85 to 0.95.

Abstract: A dye-fixing element for color diffusion transfer process, having an ultraviolet-absorbing layer that contains an ultraviolet absorber in a coating amount of 0.2 g/m2 or more, over a mordant layer; and containing, as at least one dispersion medium for the ultraviolet absorber, a compound represented by formula (1), in a ratio (mass ratio) of 25 to 200% of the ultraviolet absorber; with the sum of coating amounts of the ultraviolet absorber and total dispersion medium for the ultraviolet absorber being 1.

Abstract: An image-receiving element for use in photographic and photothermographic dirrufsion transfer film units of the type where the image-receiving element is designed to be removed, or “peeled-apart” from a photosensitive element following exposure and photographic processing. The present image-receiving element comprises, in sequence, a support, an image-receiving layer and a strip-coat layer which serves to facilitate separation of the image-receiving element from the photosensitive element after photographic processing. The strip-coat layer comprises a cationic homopolymer or a copolymer of an acrylate with a quarternary salt functional group. The strip coat provides a glossy image after photographic processing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a diffusion transfer type film unit which can produce the same two picture prints at one shot of photographing. The film unit comprises a first sheet and a second sheet. The first sheet includes at least transparent sheet through which exposure is made. The second sheet includes at least photosensitive layer. In one embodiment, two dye image receiving layers are disposed on the first and second sheets separately and a peeling-off layer is disposed between the photosensitive layer and a dye image receiving layer on the second sheet. In another embodiment, two dye image receiving layers are disposed on the same second sheet and a peeling-off layer is disposed therebetween. In both embodiments, the second sheet is capable of being separated into two parts at the interface of the dye image receiving layer and the peeling-off layer. After development, respective picture images on the two dye image receiving layers can be viewed by separating the second sheet into two parts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a diffusion transfer type film unit which can produce the same two picture prints at one shot of photographing. The film unit comprises a first sheet and a second sheet. The first sheet includes at least transparent sheet through which exposure is made. The second sheet includes at least photosensitive layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photographic element which contains, in a binder on a base, a specified compound having a group that is capable of causing chemical reaction with a reactive group contained in the binder, to form a covalent bond. According to the photographic element, a color image excellent in light-fastness can be obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic element comprising at least one silver halide imaging layer, at least one biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet, and at least one layer comprising a peelable adhesive wherein said peelable adhesive will allow peelable separation of said photographic element at said adhesive layer and the repositioning of at least one of the separated parts of said photographic element by use of said at least one layer comprising a peelable adhesive.

Abstract: The present invention describes an aqueous coating composition useful in an imaging element which includes polymeric matte beads, an ionic surfactant and a dispersant selected from the group of polymers represented by the generic structures shown below ##STR1## wherein A comprises up to 150 repeat units of ethylene oxide, B comprises 3 to about 100 repeat units of a propylene oxide or higher alkylene oxide or combinations thereof, Q represents a multivalent linking group, x represents 1 or 2 and z represents 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photographic processing composition comprising an aqueous alkaline medium including titanium dioxide particles and a stabilizing agent comprising a polymer polymerized from repeating units of styrene and an acrylic acid. The presence of the stabilizing agent substantially reduces the settling out of the titanium dioxide particles in the subject processing composition, and maintains the substantially uniform distribution of titanium dioxide particles therein. The subject processing compositions are useful in photographic diffusion transfer film units and processes.

Abstract: A photographic element which comprises at least one temporary barrier layer formed by applying an organic solvent solution containing at least two kinds of copolymers, wherein each of said at least two kinds of copolymers comprises, as its constituents, at least one monomer selected from group A, at least one monomer selected from group B, and at least one monomer selected from group C:group A: mono(meth)acrylates of polyhydric alcohols;group B: ethylenic unsaturated monomers having a carboxyl group; andgroup C: ethylenic unsaturated monomers which are other than those of groups A and B, and which are copolymerizable with the monomers of groups A and B.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic element comprising a paper base, at least one photosensitive silver halide layer, a layer of biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet between said paper base and said silver halide layer, wherein there is located between said biaxially oriented polyolefin sheet and said base paper a layer of strippable material comprising a material that has a peel strength of between about 30 and 150 g/5 cm.

Abstract: The present invention is a photographic element including a support, at least one silver halide emulsion layer superposed on said support; and at least one auxiliary layer. The auxiliary layer includes a gelatin-grafted-polyurethane which is formed by coating and subsequent drying of a coating composition comprising gelatin covalently bound to a polyurethane through a grafting agent, wherein a ratio of gelatin to polyurethane is from 1:10 to 2:1.

Abstract: Imaging elements, such as photographic, electrostatographic and thermal imaging elements, comprised of a support, an image-forming layer and an electrically-conductive layer consisting essentially of electrically-conductive fine particles, such as antimony-doped tin oxide particles and, as a binder, water-insoluble polymer particles. The use of water-insoluble polymer particles of an appropriate shear modulus as a binder in the electrically-conductive layer provides a layer with a high degree of conductivity at low concentrations of electrically-conductive fine particles.

Abstract: Imaging elements, such as photographic, electrostatographic and thermal imaging elements, comprised of a support, an image-forming layer and an electrically-conductive layer consisting essentially of electrically-conductive fine particles, such as antimony-doped tin oxide particles and, as a binder, water-insoluble polymer particles containing sulfonic acid groups. The use of water-insoluble polymer particles containing sulfonic acid groups as a binder in the electrically-conductive layer provides a layer with a high degree of conductivity at low concentrations of electrically-conductive fine particles.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material which has a layer containing a swellable inorganic stratifying compound.

Abstract: A photographic element is disclosed, comprising a support having a gelatin undercoat, having provided thereon an acetylcellulose layer containing from 1.0 to 12.0 wt % of a polymer represented by formula (1) and from 5 to 40 wt % of a compound having at least two isocyanate groups, both based on acetylcellulose contained in the acetylcellulose layer. Also disclosed is a diffusion transfer photographic light-sensitive material comprising a photographic element comprising a support having a gelatin undercoat, having provided thereon an acetylcellulose layer containing from 2.0 to 9.0 wt % of a polymer represented by formula (1) and from 5 to 20 wt % of a compound having at least two isocyanate group, both based on acetylcellulose contained in the acetylcellulose layer.

Abstract: The present invention describes an imaging element having a support, and at least one layer formed from an aqueous coating composition containing a film forming binder. The film forming binder is a mixture of a polyurethane and a carboxylic acid containing polymer or copolymer having a glass transition temperature of at least 40.degree. C. and an acid number of 60 to 260. The carboxylic acid containing polymer or copolymer is reacted with ammonia or amine so that the coating composition has a pH of from 7 to 10.

Abstract: An aqueous developable chromogenic photographic element coated on a single dimensionally stable support wherein said element comprises in reactive association (1) an aqueous diffusible photographically useful organic compound or precursor to an aqueous diffusible photographically useful organic compound, (2) radiation sensitive silver halide, (3) a compound that forms or releases a dye, (4) hydrophilic binder, and (5) one or more contiguous overcoat layers devoid of silver halide wherein said one or more overcoat layers comprise hydrophilic binder at a level of at least 3 g/m.sup.2 is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is an imaging element including a support, an image-forming layer and at one least layer having been formed by the coating and subsequent drying of a coating composition. The coating composition is an aqueous medium having therein a polyurethane/vinyl polymer dispersion formed by free radical polymerization of a vinyl monomer in the presence of an aqueous polyurethane dispersion.

Abstract: The present invention describes an imaging element wherein one layer is coated from an aqueous coating solution having a film forming binder. The film forming binder includes a carboxylic acid containing vinyl polymer or copolymer having a glass transition temperature greater than 60.degree. C. and an acid number of from 60 to 260. The carboxylic acid groups of the vinyl polymer or copolymer are reacted with ammonia or amine to provide a pH of the coating composition of from about 7 to 10.

Abstract: There are described novel image-receiving elements for use in diffusion transfer photographic systems. The novel image-receiving elements include a layer capable of reducing the light-absorbing capacity of an optical filter agent. The layer comprises nonylphenoxypolyoxyethylene and polyoxyethylene stearate.Diffusion transfer photographic systems utilizing the novel image-receiving elements of the present invention exhibit substantial clearing of optical filter agents during about the first five minutes of photographic processing, enabling the viewing of the emerging image against a whiter, brighter background, and show substantially diminished haze in the film coatings.

Abstract: The present invention is a polyolefin resin coated paper base having a backing layer. The backing layer is formed by coating and subsequent drying of a coating composition having dispersed therein colloidal inorganic oxide particles, an antistatic agent and a film forming binder. The film forming binder is a carboxylic acid containing vinyl polymer or copolymer having a glass transition temperature greater than 25.degree. C. and an acid number of from 30 to 260 wherein the carboxylic acid containing vinyl polymer or copolymer is reacted with ammonia or amine so that the coating composition has a pH of from 7 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention is an imaging element which includes a support and at least one layer formed from, (A) film forming binder, and (B) non-film forming polymeric particles. The film forming binder is formed from a coating solution of carboxylic acid containing vinyl polymer or copolymer having a glass transition temperature of greater than 50.degree. C. and an acid number of 60 to 260, the carboxylic acid containing vinyl polymer or copolymer is reacted with ammonia or amine so that the coating solution has a pH of from 7 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention is an imaging element which includes a support and at least one image forming layer. The imaging element further includes an antistatic layer and a protective layer overlying the antistatic layer. The protective layer is formed from an aqueous coating solution containing a film forming binder and a crosslinking agent. The film forming binder is a carboxylic containing vinyl polymer or copolymer having a glass transition temperature of greater than 50.degree. C. and an acid number of from 60 to 260. The carboxylic acid group of the vinyl polymer or copolymer are reacted with ammonia or amine to provide a pH of the coating solution of from 7 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention describes an imaging element having a support, an image forming layer and at least one layer formed from an aqueous coating composition containing a film forming binder. The film forming binder is an interpolymer containing carboxylic acid groups. The interpolymer contains from 60 to 90 weight percent vinylidene chloride. The interpolymer has an acid number of from 30 to 150 and the carboxylic acid groups are reacted with ammonia or amine so that the aqueous coating composition has a pH of from 7 to 10.

Abstract: Dye imbibition printing blanks are disclosed comprising a support bearing on one side thereof a dye-receiving layer comprising a cationic mordant, and further comprising an antistatic layer substantially free of cationic polymers. The antistatic layer is preferably provided on the opposite side of the support relative to the dye-receiving layer. Such antistatic layer provides improved antistatic properties which enable high manufacturing and processing speeds without adversely affecting printed image qualities.

Abstract: An image-receiving element for use in photographic and photothermographic diffusion transfer film units of the type wherein the image-receiving element is designed to be removed or "peeled-apart" from a photosensitive element following exposure and processing. The present image-receiving element comprises in sequence, a support, an image-receiving layer, and an overcoat layer. The overcoat layer comprises a major amount by dry weight of water-insoluble particles and a minor amount by dry weight of a water-insoluble polymeric latex binder material. The water-insoluble particles may comprise inorganic particles such as colloidal silica, and/or organic particles such as water-insoluble polymeric latex particles.

Abstract: A color diffusion transfer film unit containing an alkali processing element as one of elements constituting the film unit, wherein at least one of the elements contains at least one oligomer or polymer having surface activity. The film unit can contain a small amount of a photographically useful substance in a stable state. The film unit forms a clear image at a high rate of image formation.

Abstract: There are described a diffusion transfer photographic film unit of the type wherein an image-receiving element is designed to be separated from a photosensitive element after photoexposure and processing and a photographic process which utilizes the film unit. The photographic film unit comprises a photosensitive element including a support carrying at least one silver halide emulsion, an image-receiving element comprising a support, an image-receiving layer and, optionally, an overcoat layer and/or a strip-coat layer. At least one of the image-receiving layer, overcoat layer or strip-coat layer includes a "crosslinkable material" which is crosslinked during processing. The film unit further includes means for providing an aqueous alkaline processing composition to the photosensitive element and the image-receiving element for developing an image. The aqueous alkaline processing composition includes a borate compound for crosslinking the crosslinkable material of the image-receiving element during processing.

Abstract: There is described a novel diffusion transfer film unit for use in a diffusion transfer photographic system which includes a layer comprising a polyester urethane polymer(s) which is inert to alkali, and specifically, a layer which exhibits permeability to alkali inversely dependent upon temperature. Diffusion transfer photographic systems utilizing the diffusion transfer film unit of the present invention exhibit superior hot temperature processing.

Abstract: An image-receiving element for use in photographic and photothermographic diffusion transfer film units of the type wherein the image-receiving element is designed to be removed or "peeled-apart" from a photosensitive element following exposure and processing. The present image-receiving element comprises in sequence, a support, an image-receiving layer, and a strip-coat layer. The strip-coat layer serves to facilitate separation of the image-receiving layer from a photosensitive element after processing. The strip-coat layer comprises a copolymer including: 1) at least about 50% by weight of monomer units, the same or different, derived from an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or salt thereof, 2) at least about 15% by weight of monomer units of vinyl pyrrolidone, and 3) at least about 5% by weight of monomer units, the same or different, represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide light-sensitive material is disclosed. The light-sensitive material comprises a support and two or more layers. Silver halide, a reducing agent, an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable compound or a cross-linkable polymer and a base precursor are independently contained in at least one of the layers. A layer containing the base precursor further contains a specific polyvinyl alcohol. The first embodiment of the specific polyvinyl alcohol (I) has such a chemical structure that a terminal alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms is attached to a polyvinyl alcohol. The second embodiment of the specific polyvinyl alcohol (II) is a block copolymer consisting of a vinyl alcohol unit and a hydrophobic unit, which is more hydrophobic than the vinyl alcohol unit. The third embodiment is a mixture of two polyvinyl alcohols (III) and (IV). The polyvinyl alcohol (III) has a saponification degree of not less than 95%.

Abstract: An accurate digital representation of a color photograph can be obtained by proper registration of blue, green, and red images taken from a black-and-white photographic film having a unique structure including an antiabrasion layer, a first silver halide emulsion layer with silver grains which are sensitive to blue light, a filter layer being transmissive to a band of wavelengths corresponding to a given color other than blue, a timing layer for delaying penetration of processing fluids, a second silver halide emulsion layer with silver grains which are sensitive to the given color, and a base. The film excludes image dyes, dye developers or dye forming materials. The film also excludes components for emitting electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength different than a received wavelength.

Abstract: An imaging element comprising a support, at least one light-sensitive layer and at least one coalesced layer of film-forming colloidal polymeric particles and non-film-forming colloidal polymeric particles, one of which contains a light-absorbing dye.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for forming a color photographic image comprising the steps of:(a) providing an integral element comprising one and only one dimensionally stable layer comprising a reflection base or transparent base coating support, and coated thereon in reactive association an imaging layer comprising radiation sensitive silver halide, a diffusible dye forming layer comprising a diffusible dye forming compound, and a barrier layer overlaying said diffusible dye forming layer;(b) exposing this integral element to actinic radiation(c) processing this integral element by contacting this element to an external bath containing compounds selected from the group consisting of color developer compounds, compounds which activate the release of incorporated color developers, and compounds which activate development by incorporated dye developers; and(d) washing this integral element to remove compounds imbibed in step (c). The diffusible dye forming layer is the same or different than the imaging layer.

Abstract: A dye fixing element for use in an image formation system which is adapted to superimpose a light-sensitive element and a dye fixing element provided on separate supports upon each other so that diffusible dyes are transferred to said dye fixing element to form an image, which is characterized in that a matting agent is incorporated in either a layer nearer to said support than a dye fixing layer in said dye fixing element or a layer provided between said dye fixing layer and a surface protective layer.The dye fixing element can be used to provide a good matte image that satisfies the requirements for matte surface, i.e., low gloss, texture that prevents the image from being seen white, difficulty for white spot in occurring on the transferred image, and surface condition that gives no glare.

Abstract: Photographic processing compositions comprising an aqueous alkaline medium and a hydrophobically modified thickening agent are disclosed. The subject thickening agent increases the viscosity of the processing composition while maintaining a relatively uniform homogenous mixture of the constituents thereof. The subject processing compositions are useful in photographic diffusion transfer film units and processes.

Abstract: An image-receiving element for use in photographic diffusion transfer film units of the type Wherein the image-receiving element, which includes an image-receiving layer, is designed to be removed, or "peeled-apart", from a photosensitive element after exposure and development have been carried out. The image-receiving element includes an overcoat layer which overlies the image-receiving layer for reducing the time period for which the image-receiving element remains tacky after the element has been separated from the photosensitive element and for improving the handling and/or storage of the resulting photograph under high humidity conditions. The overcoat layer comprises colloidal silica particles and binder material.

Abstract: A photographic element for processing in moderate to large volume photofinishing baths and comprising one and only one dimensionally stable coating support, and coated thereon in reactive association an imaging layer containing radiation sensitive silver halide, a diffusible-dye forming layer containing a diffusible-dye forming compound, and a barrier layer overlaying said diffusible-dye forming layer is disclosed. This coating support is selected from reflection base and transparent base materials, and this diffusible-dye forming layer may be the same or different than this imaging layer. This barrier layer contains a polymer that allows the passage of solutions for processing when this element is contacted with an external processing bath, and impedes the diffusion out of this element of the diffusible dye formed from this diffusible-dye forming compound.

Abstract: An image-receiving element for use in photographic diffusion transfer film units of the type wherein the image-receiving element, which includes an image-receiving layer, is designed to be removed, or "peeled-apart", from a photosensitive element after exposure and development have been carried out. The image-receiving element includes a strip-coat layer comprising a hydrophilic colloid, such as gum arabic, and an aluminum salt which overlies the image-receiving layer and significantly reduces striations and/or haze and facilitates the separation of the image-receiving element from the remainder of the film unit subsequent to diffusion transfer photography.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel dye fixing element comprising a dye fixing layer on which a diffusive dye produced or released by developing a light-sensitive element containing at least (i) a light-sensitive silver halide, (ii) a hydrophilic binder and (iii) a dye providing compound which releases a diffusive dye in correspondence to or counter correspondence to an exposure in the presence of a base and/or base precursor after or simultaneously with the imagewise exposure which is to be transferred and fixed. A borate compound is incorporated in at least a protective layer of the fixing layer provided on one side thereof.

Abstract: There are disclosed dye-providing compounds comprising color coupler dyes substituted on the phenylene diamine portion with one or two cyclic 1,3 -sulfur-nitrogen groups. The dye-providing compounds are capable of releasing the coupler dye upon cleavage in the presence of silver ions or a soluble silver complex. The dye-providing compounds are useful as image-forming materials in color thermographic, photothermographic and other photographic processes.

Abstract: A photographic element is described comprising a layer containing a hydrophilic low molecular weight compound on one surface of a support and a backing layer comprising a hydrophilic binder on the other surface of the support, wherein a gas-permeable hydrophilic layer is provided as the outermost layer of said backing layer.

Abstract: In accordance with this invention a photographic color diffusion transfer element is provided wherein said element comprises a single dimensionally stable transparent support and coated thereon in reactive association and in sequence (1) a mordant layer for binding diffusible dyes, (2) a light reflecting layer, (3) imaging layers comprising a radiation sensitive layer comprising silver halide and a diffusible dye forming layer comprising a diffusible dye forming compound, and (4) a barrier layer comprising a polymer that allows the passage of solutions for processing said element when said element is contacted with an external processing bath, and wherein said barrier layer impedes the diffusion out of said element of the diffusible dye formed from said diffusible dye forming compound.