Abstract: A color image forming process is disclosed. The process comprises color developing an imagewise exposed silver halide color photographic material with a developer containing an aromatic primary amine color developing agent, after successive steps of desilvering, washing and/or stabilizing, and drying, wherein said color photographic material has at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing silver halide grains containing substantially no silver iodide and containing at least 95 mol % silver chloride based on the total silver halide content, said silver halide grains further containing from 1.times.10.sup.-6 to 1.times.10.sup.-3 mol of an iron compound per mol of silver and said iron compound being distributed at an iron ion concentration in the surface phase of the grain of at least 5 times that in the inside phase of the grain,wherein the total gelatin weight of said color photographic material is 7 g or less per m.sup.

Abstract: A vacuum package of a photographic processing composition consisting of a plurality of components is obtained by placing the components in a bag as separate solid state layers in a vacuum sealed manner. A normally liquid component is converted into a solid adduct in order to form a layer. A substantially water insoluble component or trace component is coated on the surface of particles of a water soluble inorganic compound, from which another layer is formed. The packaged composition is taken out of the bag and diluted with water to prepare a processing solution.

Abstract: A process for coating development of a silver halide color photosensitive material is provided which comprises coating the silver halide color photosensitive material with a color developer to form a thin film. This process is characterized in that a developer containing a p-phenylenediamine developing agent having a group capable of imparting hydrophilic properties which developer has an ionic strength of 0.8 or below and an electric potential of the immersion bath of -280 mV or below is applied to the photosensitive material to form a coating film which is at most 20 times as thick as the dry photosensitive layer of the photosensitive material.

Abstract: A method of forming a color image comprising subjecting an imagewise exposed color photoraphic material to color development at a temperature of from 30.degree. C. to 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, and a nonionic fluorosurfactant charge enhancing additive.

Abstract: A method for continuously processing silver halide color photographic materials using a roller conveyor type of an automatic developing apparatus, comprising:cleaning the entire surface of a roller located over solution surface of at least one of processing baths in the automatic developing apparatus in which at least one of said processing baths comprises the color developing bath by a rinsing water replenisher or a stabilizing replenisher as a substitute for the rinsing water replenisher, andintroducing the cleaning solution into the color developing bath containing at least one organic preservative selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV) and monosaccharides; ##STR1## wherein R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 each represents hydrogen atoms, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl groups, unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl groups, unsubstituted or substituted aryl groups or hetero aromatic groups, provided that both of R.sup.11 and R.sup.

Abstract: A three-part bleach-fix regeneration kit is utilized to restore the capability of a spent bleach-fix solution to function as a working solution in photographic processing. The first part, which is an aqueous alkaline solution containing a buffering agent and an aminopolycarboxylic acid, is added to the spent bleach-fix solution prior to electrolytic recovery of silver therefrom. The second and third parts, which are aqueous acidic solutions containing, respectively, an iron salt and a thiosulfate fixing agent, are added after electrolytic recovery of silver. The first part functions to increase the pH of the spent bleach-fix solution to a level at which electrolytic silver recovery is optimized, while the second and third parts function to lower the pH to an optimum level for use in photographic processing. In addition to providing the necessary pH changes, addition of the three parts in this manner restores all necessary components to their proper concentration.

Abstract: A method of forming an image comprising exposing, developing and fixing a laser scanner-utilizable silver halide photographic material which has at least one silver halide emulsion layer sensitized spectrally in an infrared region on one side of a support, said silver halide photographic material containing in at least one layer located on the emulsion layer side one or more of an additive selected from among:(1) surface active agents having a solubility of 0.005 wt % or more at 30.degree. C. in a developer and a surface tension of 45 dyne/cm or less (measured at 30.degree. C. in a condition of 1.0 wt % aqueous solution), and(2) polymers represented by the following general formula (I), and having a molecular weight of from 2,000 to 500,000:--X).sub.x (Y).sub.

Abstract: Assemblies of double coated radiographic elements exhibiting sharply curtailed crossover and front and back intensifying screen pairs are disclosed. By choosing a front screen that exceeds a stated sharpness criterion, expressed in terms of modulation transfer factors (MTF), and a back screen and adjacent emulsion layer unit combination exhibiting a photicity at least twice that of the combination of the front screen and its adjacent emulsion layer unit an enhancement in detective quantum efficiency (DQE) is realized.

Abstract: A process for developing a silver halide photographic material having, on a support, at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprising a silver halide emulsion spectrally sensitized by an infrared-sensitizing dye, which is subjected to image-wise exposure, then development and fixing processing and then washing or stabilization processing, wherein the silver halide in the silver halide emulsion layer contains 90 mol % or more of silver chloride, the swelling rate for hydrophilic colloid layers containing the silver halide emulsion layer is 150% or less, and the replenishment in the washing or stabilization processing is 1,200 ml or less per square meter of the photographic material.

Abstract: A double coated radiographic element is disclosed which exhibits a crossover of less than 5 percent and which is provided with a silver halide emulsion layer unit on one side of its transparent film support that is at least twice the speed of the silver halide emulsion layer unit on the opposite side of the film support.

Abstract: A dry nonelectroscopic toner surface coated with 3 to 40% by weight of an organofunctional substituted fluorocarbon compound. Toners of the invention are useful for developing photosensitive elements having imagewise tacky and complementary nontacky image areas. The surface coating imparts good toning and clean-up characteristics, together with improved performance on aging.

Abstract: A method of processing a silver halide photographic material of total silver amount of no more than 7.0 g/m.sup.2 on a support containing at least one of a dye having a maximum absorption wavelength between 520-560 nm and a dye having a maximum absorption wavelength between 570-700 nm in such an amount that the increase of transmission optical density of the unexposed area after processing is no more than 0.03, comprising processing said silver halide photographic material with a roller-transport type automatic developer under the conditions that satisfy the following relationships:50.ltoreq.l.sup.0.75 .times.T.ltoreq.1240.7.ltoreq.l.ltoreq.3.1where l is the length in meters of delivery path in the developer, and T is the time in seconds taken for the silver halide photographic material to pass through the path.This method is adapted for rapid processing of silver halide photographic materials and the silver image obtained has a desired color and will not experience any "sepia deterioration" during storage.

Abstract: A photo negative strip including a sequence of individual photo frames is protected by laminating two slightly narrower strips of transparent protective film onto the opposed surfaces of the photo strip; each protective strip is removably secured to the photo strip by two edge stripes of a pressure sensitive releasable adhesive. The adhesive stripes covers the sprocket holes near the edges of the photo strip, but edge portions of the photo strip are left, uncovered by either protective film, along both outer edges of the photo strip. The preferred protective film is of biaxially oriented polystyrene.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed which has at least one hydrophilic colloidal layer on a support, said photographic material having a water content of 10-20 g/m.sup.2 at the time when the washing step of processing with a roller transport type automatic processor is completed.

Abstract: New electrostatographic toners and developers are provided, containing dual function polyester binder/charge agents. The new toner particle has an average diameter in the range of 0.01 to 100 micrometers and comprises a binder polyester and a charge-control agent comprising a quaternary phosphonium salt, wherein the phosphonium salt has a cationic portion comprising a phosphorus atom covalently bonded to at least one moiety containing an ester linkage to the binder polyester.

Abstract: An image recording method wherein an image recorded on a thermal developing photosensitive material is transferred to an image-receiving material in the presence of an image forming solvent so as to be formed on the image-receiving material. In this method, the image forming solvent is applied to only the whole or a part of that portion of either the thermal developing photosensitive material or the image-receiving material which is to be laid on the other, and the thermal developing photosensitive material and the image-receiving material are then laid one upon the other, thereby effecting the transfer of the image. Accordingly, transport means for transporting the thermal developing photosensitive material and/or the image-receiving material, such as a feed roller, can be prevented from being stained with the image forming solvent which might otherwise be applied in surplus.

Abstract: An image recording method wherein an image recorded on a thermal developing photosensitive material is transferred to an image-receiving material in the presence of an image forming solvent so as to be formed on the image-receiving material. A water absorbent applicator member which retains the image forming solvent is allowed to come in and out of contact with the surface of either the thermal developing photosensitive material or the image-receiving material, which are moving. Also disclosed is an apparatus suitably employed to carry out the above-described image recording method. The apparatus has driving means for activating the water absorbent applicator member retaining the image forming solvent to move between an application position at which the applicator member applies the image forming solvent to the surface of either the thermal developing photosensitive material or the image-receiving material, which are moving, and a retraction position which is spaced apart from the application position.

Abstract: The present invention provides an imaging process wherein the pressure application developer means is not contaminated during pressure development. The process involves an imaging web including a support having a layer on the surface thereof of photosensitive microcapsules including an internal phase of a photohardenable photosensitive composition and a color former. The imaging web is image-wise exposed to a first source of actinic radiation to form an image area; this exposure defines a border area in the web comprising the areas of the imaging web surrounding the image area. The image area of the imaging web is contacted with an opaque receiver sheet. The border area is then uniformly exposed to a second source of actinic radiation to harden the microcapsules in the border area.

Abstract: A novel process and apparatus for multistage contacting of two materials advantageously provides high chemical efficiency and low losses of components of one of the materials caused by that material being carried out of the process with the other material. The process comprises contacting, in a series of stages, a first material with a second material containing a component whose concentration therein is reduced by such contact. Replenishment material is introduced to at least one of the stages to compensate for such concentration reduction. The concentration of the component in the second material is highest in one of the stages, and the first material carries a part of the second material out of each stage. The first material is contacted with the second material at least one once in each stage of the series.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material is described comprising a support having thereon at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, and at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, with at least one of said light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers containing a mono-dispersed silver halide emulsion, said color photogrphic material further comprising at least one auxiliary layer containing silver halide grains having substantially light-insensitivity and containing more than 75 mole % silver chloride.The silver halide color photographic material is improved in dependence of photographic characteristics with respect to the extent of stirring of a processing solution during development processing.

Abstract: A photosensitive material containing a hydrophilic pigment is exposed to light to form a pigment pattern defining a particular image. The photosensitive material is brought into intimate contact with an image receiving material having a pigment fixing layer. The mutually contacting materials are heated so that the pigment may be transferred from the photosensitive material to the pigment fixing layer. A pigment diffusion assistant, is supplied to an area between the mutually contacting materials before they are heated for pigment transfer. The diffusion assistant spreads along a line along which the two materials are in contact with each other and promotes the transfer of the pigment.

Abstract: A magnetic toner containing a resin which is obtained by the reaction of a compound containing epoxy radical with an amino-silane compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to image developing apparatus and specifically a developer roll for use in combination with a color producing substrate. In accordance with this invention, a color is formed by the reaction of isolated chromogenic materials. A first chromogenic material is typically a color precursor of the electron donating type and is encapsulated with a photosensitive composition on the surface of an imaging sheet. The second chromogenic material is typically identified as a color developer and is generally of the electron accepting type. In this invention the active coating on the imaging sheet is abraded to rupture the capsules and promote the reaction of the color forming ingredients.

Abstract: An imagewise exposed negative sheet (1) and a positive sheet (2) of a two-sheet diffusion material which are joined together by an adhesion strip (3), transversely to the direction of movement of the sheets (1,2), are passed for wetting in tandem through a developing liquid (6). Thereafter, the rigidity of the sheets (1,2) and the flexibility of the adhesive strip (3) are used, together with a collecting device (11) and a stop (12) for the first-wetted sheet (2) which is adjustable therein to cause an independent V-shaped folding together of the sheets (1,2) about the adhesive strip bending point (14). A deflecting device (9) is adjusted so that the V-shaped folded bending point (14) is guided into the gap between a pair of pressing rollers (10), by which it is taken up. The sheets (1,2) are pressed together and are discharged, in this condition, into a collecting tray (15) through a discharge channel (13).

Abstract: Photographic film units and processes are disclosed which provide a negative image, wherein exposed silver is developed to high covering power silver and unexposed silver halide is reduced to low covering power silver.

Abstract: The invention is an improved system for the rapid development of X-rays. The system is particularly useful for the development of dental-type X-rays. The system consists of an enclosed sealed pouch-like holder for the unexposed X-ray film, a special pocket built into the pouch-like holder for guiding an injection needle during operation of the device, a sealant within the specific pocket through which the injection needle is inserted, and a syringe-type injector with injection needle and a supply of monobath solution (a combined developer and fixer solution).

Abstract: An apparatus and method of use thereof is provided for use in pigment printing wherein the apparatus provides for regulated and repeatable results in the development of colored photographic pigmented gelatin images.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for a photomechanical process which has an excellent reduction processing aptitude is disclosed. The material is comprised of a support having a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer thereon and a light-insensitive layer disposed outside the silver halide emulsion layer. The light-insensitive layer contains a hydrophilic colloidal binder coated in such an amount per unit area as to be 1.0 or more times that of a hydrophilic colloidal binder contained in the silver halide emulsion layer.

Abstract: A method for producing printed images includes the steps of exposing a printing device to radiation, developing a photosensitive ink that is contained in the printing device, and transferring the ink to a substrate. The printing device comprises a printing element and the photosensitive ink. The printing element comprises pores having openings at a printing surface of the element, and the ink is disposed within the pores and is restricted from lateral movement within the element.

Abstract: An image transfer film unit is disclosed in which a surface capillary layer is provided to supply processing liquid uniformly to an imaging portion of the film unit.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is described containing in its outermost layer a high molecular weight matting agent formed from at least one kind of alkali insoluble synthetic polymer grains having a glass transition point of at least 60.degree. C. and an average grain size of from 0.2 to 10, and said polymer is represented by the formula (I):--A).sub.x (B).sub.y (C).sub.z (I)wherein A represents a divalent group derived from at least one monomer having the formula (II); B represents a divalent group derived from at least one monomer having the formula (III), whose homopolymer has a glass transition point of at least 50.degree. C.; C represents a divalent group derived from an ethylenic unsaturated monomer other than A or B which is capable of copolymerizing with the monomers forming both A and B; x represents the fractional content of group A, which ranges from 0.005 to 0.20 mol/mol of polymer of formula (I); y represents the fractional content of group B, which ranges from 0.50 to 0.

Abstract: In the forming of microcellular arrays, such as those useful in photography, a closure is positioned to overlie a plurality of microcells forming a planar array. The closure is selectively removed from one set of micro- cells forming an interlaid pattern with a second set of microcells so that the contents of the first set of micro- cells can be changed without concurrently changing the contents of the second set of microcells.

Abstract: A photographic film unit which includes first and second superposed sheets, and is processable by distributing a liquid between the sheets, is provided with liquid directing means that present a greater resistance to liquid flow in a longitudinal direction than in a transverse direction. Transverse barrier ridges, which are small compared to the depth of the liquid, are positioned between the sheets to inhibit the flow in the predetermined direction while flow continues uninhibited or is enhanced in the transverse direction along the ridges. Other embodiments employ stripes having different degrees of hydrophobicity.

Abstract: Photographic elements, multicolor filters and receivers are disclosed having supports providing microvessels for materials such as radiation-sensitive materials, imaging materials, mordants, silver precipitating agents and materials which are useful in conjunction with these materials. Processes of forming microvessels and introducing materials therein are also disclosed. Processes of forming images are disclosed employing microvessel containing elements. Image transfer processes are disclosed for producing one or a combination of silver and multicolor subtractive primary images alone or in combination with multicolor additive primary images.

Abstract: For the production of positive photographic prints a composite material in strip form is used as an intermediary to form the print images and is then adhered in a continuous procedure to a main support strip such as paper. The resultant strip is then cut to separate the individual prints. The composite material has a transparent film of biaxially-oriented plastics film not more than 50.mu. thick and water-resistant and to which photosensitive emulsions are applied, and a further layer overlying the emulsions to protect them, the further layer being adhered to the main support. This layer is reflective, as by incorporation of a white pigment, so that the image is seen through the transparent film against the background of this layer rather than the main support. The reflective layer may contain other chemicals relevant to processing.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing model statues or profile pictures wherein a base shape or body and various components are made from a flexible material, such as synthetic resins, clay, gypsum, wood or rubber. The various components are glued in place on the body. A thin covering of cloth or paper is then placed over the body with the glued components to apply an even finish to the surface of the body.

Abstract: A method of recording images on a radiation sensitive material comprising forming a layer of a radiation sensitive material comprised of a heterogeneous mixture of substances. At least one of the substances of the heterogeneous mixture serves as a binder capable of converting its states of aggregation in the mixture under the action of the intrinsic or reflected radiation obtainable from the object being recorded. Another substance of the heterogeneous mixture, in the form of particles, is capable of interacting with a force field. The layer is introduced in a force field and an image of the object being recorded is projeced on that layer. The produced image is fixed by converting the state of aggregation of the heterogeneous mixture. The proposed method makes it possible to record images in any spectral range of the intrinsic and reflected radiation of the object. Images of any objects can be recorded on that layer containing no silver halides.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide photographic material containing a tetrazolium compound, is treated with a developing solution containing no hydroquinone developing agent, which material comprises a support and a silver halide emulsion layer coated thereon, containing silver halide grains having an average grain size of 0.05 to 1.5.mu., at least 75% of said grains being within a range of 0.6 to 1.4 times the said average grain size and a sensitizing dye.

Abstract: A method of processing light-sensitive silver halide photographic material to be treated with a developing solution containing no hydroquinones developing agent, which material comprises a support, a silver halide emulsion layer coated thereon containing silver halide grains having an average grain size of 0.1 to 0.8.mu., at least 75% of said grains being within a range of 0.6 to 1.4 times the said average grain size, and a tetrazolium specified compound.