Abstract: A photographic processing element is disclosed, comprising a color developing agent or its precursor. The element further comprises a base or its precursor. An image forming method is also disclosed, comprising superposing a processing element comprising a color developing agent or its precursor on an exposed silver halide photographic material to perform development of the photographic material to form an image.

Abstract: The present invention provides an overcoat for a photographic element that allows for appropriate diffusion of photographic processing solutions. The overcoat comprises 10 to 50% by weight of a enzyme-degradable biopolymer and 50 to 90% by weight of hydrophobic particles (by weight of dry laydown of the entire overcoat). An enzyme is applied to the element before, during, or after conventional photoprocessing. According to one embodiment of the invention, the photographic element can be exposed and processed using normal photofinishing equipment, with no modifications, to provide an imaged element together with a protective, water-resistant layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an alkaline processing solution comprising at least one silver halide solvent other than sulfite, characterized in that said alkaline processing solution further contains aluminium ions in an amount of at least 0.3 g/l. There is further provided a method for making a lithographic printing plate according to the DTR-process using an aqueous alkaline processing solution in the presence of at least one developing agent and at least one silver halide solvent, characterized in that said alkaline processing solution contains aluminium ions in an amount of at least 0.3 g/l.

Abstract: Low silver black-and-white photographic silver halide elements, such as radiographic films, can be processed quickly using a developing/fixing monobath composition that includes an ascorbic acid developing agent, sulfite ions and a photographic fixing agent that has both a thiol group and an amino group (such as cysteine).

Abstract: Low silver black-and-white photographic silver halide elements, such as radiographic films, can be processed quickly using a developing/fixing monobath composition that includes an ascorbic acid developing agent, sulfite ions and a photographic fixing agent that has both a thiol group and an amino group (such as cysteine).

Abstract: Black-and-white elements, such as radiographic films, can be processed in roomlight using a developing/fixing monobath composition that also includes a water-soluble colorant, such as a water-soluble "yellow" dye, that provides safelight conditions in the processing composition. The processing method is carried out quickly, that is within 120 seconds. The colorant has a maximum absorption wavelength of from about 350 to about 500 nm, and is transparent in solution.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material has at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a support, wherein the silver halide emulsion layer contains a silver halide emulsion consisting of tabular silver halide grains not containing a cavity extending through two major planes opposing each other and having an average aspect ratio of 1.5 or more, except that 20% or more of the tabular silver halide grains started to be developed containing a cavity extending through the major planes when the silver halide emulsion was developed with a color developer containing a silver halide solvent and a p-phenylenediamine-based color developing agent for 60 sec. A method for forming images includes the step of performing color development for the material for 25 to 90 sec by using a color developing solution containing thiosulfate, methanethiosulfonate, thiocyanate or at least one of the silver halide solvents represented by the formula (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) each defined in the specification.

Abstract: Black-and-white elements, such as radiographic films, can be processed in roomlight using a developing/fixing monobath composition that also includes a particulate opacifying agent, such as carbon black, that provides safelight conditions in the processing composition. The processing method is carried out quickly, that is within 120 seconds.

Abstract: A method for processing a black-and-white silver halide photographic light-sensitive material by a monobath processing method.

Abstract: Black-and-white elements, such as radiographic films, can be processed in roomlight because they include certain light absorbing dyes and desensitizers. Processing is carried out by processing the exposed element using a two-stage process in the same light-tight processing container. In the first stage, development is initiated with a developing composition having a pH of from about 10 to about 12.5, and comprising an appropriate black-and-white developing agent in a concentration of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 mol/l, and a sulfite at from about 0.25 to about 0.7 mol/l. After an appropriate time, a fixing agent (other than a sulfite) is introduced into the processing container to provide a combined developing/fixing compositions, and development and fixing are carried out simultaneously. The processing method is carried out quickly, usually within about 90 seconds, including a washing step at the end. The presence of sulfite and high pH in both stages decolorize or deactivate the particulate dyes.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of processing in a processor an image-wise exposed black-and-white light-sensitive silver halide photographic material comprising the steps of developing in a developing solution and fixing in a fixer solution, characterized in that upon starting of the processing the said fixer solution comprises a mixture of a fixer starter solution and a fixer replenisher solution, in that said fixer solution is replenished with the said fixer replenishing solution and in that the said fixer starter solution is a developing solution.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photographic composition having fixing capacity and a method for processing a silver halide photographic material using the same. The photographic composition having fixing capacity comprises at least one compound represented by the following formula (I):RSO.sub.2 M formula (I)wherein R represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and M represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic group.

Abstract: There are described novel photographic processing compositions, film units and processes for use in diffusion transfer photographic systems. More particularly, there is described a method for forming a diffusion transfer image photographic processing of diffusion transfer photographic film units in the presence of hypoxanthine and inosine. Diffusion transfer photographic systems utilizing the novel photographic element or method of the present invention exhibit substantially fewer, if any, crystals on the final image of the finished photograph post-processing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making an offset printing plate according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process comprising the steps of:image-wise exposing an imaging element comprising in the order given on a hydrophilic surface of a support (i) an image receiving layer containing physical development nuclei and (ii) a photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive silver halide emulsion said photosensitive layer being in water permeable relationship with said image receiving layer,applying an aqueous alkaline solution to the imaging element in the presence of (a) developing agent(s) and (a) silver halide solvent(s) to form a silver image in said image receiving layer,treating the imaging element to remove the layer(s) on top of the image receiving layer, thereby exposing the imaged surface of the support by uncovering said silver image formed in said image receiving layer,characterized in that said aqueous alkaline solution comprises less than 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making a lithographic printing plate according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process comprising the steps of:image-wise exposing an imaging element comprising in the order given on a hydrophilic surface of a support (i) an image receiving layer containing physical development nuclei and (ii) a photosensitive layer comprising one or more silver halide emulsions being in water permeable relationship with said image receiving layer(b) applying an aqueous alkaline solution to the imaging element in the presence of (a) developing agent(s) and (a) silver halide solvent(s) to form a silver image in said image receiving layer, (c) treating the imaging element to remove the layer(s) on top of said image receiving layer, thereby uncovering said silver image formed in said image receiving layer,characterized in that said aqueous alkaline solution contains thiosulphate salts in an amount ranging from 0.000 mole/l to 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making a lithographic printing plate according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process comprising the steps of:image-wise exposing an imaging element comprising on a support in the order given a photosensitive layer comprising a silver halide emulsion and an image receiving layer containing physical development nuclei in water permeable relationship with said emulsion layer,developing said imaging element by means of an alkaline developing solution comprising at least 0.1 mole/l of ascorbic acid as the main developer and at least 0.015 mole/l of an auxiliary developer of the class of the 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidones in the presence of silver halide solvent(s) characterized in that said developing solution comprises at least 0.003 mole/l of thiosulfate.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photographic composition having fixing capacity and a method for processing a silver halide photographic material using the same. The photographic composition having fixing capacity comprises a photographic composition having fixing capacity, which comprises at least one compound represented by the following formula (I) and at least one compound represented by the following formula (II):RSO.sub.2 SM formula (I)wherein R represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, or a heterocyclic group, and M represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic group,R.sup.1 SO.sub.2 M.sup.1 formula (II)wherein R.sup.1 represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, or a heterocyclic group, and M.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic group.

Abstract: A method of fixing a developed photographic silver halide material comprising at least 2 silver halide layers sensitized to different regions of the spectrum, comprising placing the material in face-to-face contact with a fixer sheet in the presence of a processing solution and a silver halide solvent which forms a solubilized silver halide species from the undeveloped areas of the material, wherein the fixer sheet contains reducing means capable of forming metallic silver therein from the solubilized silver halide.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate is prepared from a silver halide photosensitive material in accordance with a silver complex diffusion transfer process. The photosensitive material is exposed and developed with a diffusion transfer processing solution containing a mesoionic compound as a silver halide complexing agent. The printing plate has good ink receptivity and minimized plate wear. The processing solution is free from the problems of corrosion and waste solution disposal.

Abstract: A processing method for silver halide photographic material is disclosed, in which at least one hydrophilic colloidal layer containing a dye of a solid fine grain dispersion. The processing method is carried out by processing the photographic material with a solution having a fixing ability containing at least one compound represented by formula (A):RSO.sub.2 SM (A)wherein R represents an aliphatic group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, and M represents a hydrogen atom or a cation group.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic material is disclosed and the photographic material has a support thereon, comprising at least one silver halide emulsion layer and containing a hydrazine compound represented by following formula (I) in the above emulsion layer or the other hydrophilic colloid layers, which comprises processing the silver halide photographic material after exposure in a developing solution containing:(1) 0.2 to 0.75 mole/liter of a dihydroxybenzene developing agent,(2) 0.001 to 0.06 mole/liter of a 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone or p-aminophenol auxiliary developing agent,(3) 0.3 to 1.2 mole/liter of a free sulfite ion, and(4) a compound represented by following formula (II), and having a concentration ratio of a compound represented by formula (II) to a dihydroxy developing agent of 0.03 to 0.12 and pH of 9.0 to 11.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate is prepared from a photosensitive material comprising a silver halide emulsion layer and a physical development nucleus layer on a support in accordance with a silver complex diffusion transfer process. The photosensitive material is diffusion transfer processed in the presence of both a triazole, oxadiazole or similar compound and an organic thioether compound. The printing plate has good ink receptivity and minimized plate wear. The processing solution is free from the problems of corrosion and waste solution disposal.

Abstract: Lithographic printing material is processed with a developer at pH 10.0 to 11.8 containing 30 to 80 gram/liter of hydroquinone in accordance with a diffusion transfer process. The developer is capable and stable. The resulting transfer silver image has improved printing endurance and ink receptivity.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline processing liquid for use in silver halide photography, wherein said liquid comprises one or more alkanolamines, the said alkanolamines consisting of one or more tertiary alkanolamines in a total amount in the range from 0.3 mol/l to 1.5 mol/l, and one or more secondary alkanolamines in an amount from 0 mol % to 30 mol % with respect to the amount of tertiary alkanolamine(s), and said liquid also contains sulphite ions in an amount in the range of 16 g/l to 30 g/l.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of processing an image-wise exposed silver halide photographic material wherein said method comprises the following steps:(a) developing the photographic material for 5 to 15 seconds in an aqueous developing solution,(b) fixing the photographic material for 5 to 15 seconds in an aqueous fixing solution, and(c) washing the photographic material for 5 to 20 seconds,wherein both said developing and fixing solutions are free of gelatin hardeners.The method is particularly intended for use in processing radiographic films which:comprise a support and silver halide emulsion layer or layers, at least one of said silver halide emulsion layers containing tabular silver halide grains having an average diameter to thickness ratio of at least 3:1 and highly deionized gelatin, andshow a swelling index lower than 140% and a melting time of from 45 to 120 minutes.The method shows the advantages of lower environmental pollution and shorter processing times.

Abstract: Disclosed is a processing solution used for making lithographic printing plates by silver complex diffusion transfer process which contains at least one thioether derivative represented by the following formulas (I), (II) and (III): ##STR1## wherein n.sub.1 and n.sub.2 each represents 0, 1 or 2 and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents an alkylene group of 1-5 carbon atoms, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkylene group of 1-5 carbon atoms, X represents a hydrogen atom, a carboxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, a hydroxy group, or --OR.sup.2 in which R.sup.2 has the same meaning as --R.sub.1 --S).sub.n CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH above, and n represents 0, 1 or 2, ##STR3## wherein X' represents an aromatic or heterocyclic group which has a carboxy group, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents an alkylene group of 1-5 carbon atoms and n represents 0, 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: An acid photographic fixing agent adapted for colour photography utilizing silver coating rates of up to 2.1 mg/dm.sup.2 whereby stabilized thiosulfate fixer solution has a concentration of less than 10 gpl of ammonium thiosulphate or its chemical equivalent, comprising a solution of an alkali metal thiosulphate or an ammonium thiosulphate or a mixture thereof stabilized by a soluble sulphite or bisulphite; characterized in that the ratio by weight of the soluble sulphite to the thiosulphate is greater than 1.2:1 or greater than 1.44:1 if the bisulphite is used; thereby to preferentially maintain the thiosulfate in use.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the development of a silver halide light-sensitive black and white material, wherein a silver halide light-sensitive material is developed in the presence of at least one compound represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group or a group which is cleaved under alkaline conditions; L represents a bivalent organic group comprising an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an ether group, a thioether group, --CO--, --CS-- or --NR-- (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group) alone or a combination of two or more of them; X represents an amino group, an ammonio group, a hydroxyl group or a heterocyclic group; and n represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: A method for development processing of a silver halide photosensitive material using an automatic processor including at least the functions of development, fixing, washing and drying is disclosed, comprising using an alkaline developer containing a dialdehyde film hardening agent and carrying out the processing under conditions such that the running equilibrium pH of the fixer is at least 4.6.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline processing liquid suitable for use in the silver complex diffusion transfer reversal (DTR-) process, wherein said liquid contains 3-(N,N-diethylamino)propane-1,2-diol and contains phosphate ions in a concentration of not more than 0.03 mol/l.

Abstract: Photographic silver halide photosensitive material is continuously processed through an automatic processor by passing the photosensitive material through a developing tank filled with a developer and then through a fixing tank filled with a fixer while supplying developer and fixer replenishers to the developing and fixing tanks in amounts corresponding to the processing quantity. The replenisher amount can be reduced by adding a chelating agent to the developer and its replenisher. Kits containing developer and fixer replenisher concentrates become empty at the same timing if the ratio of the volumes of developer and fixer replenishers prepared from their kits by diluting developer and fixer concentrates in the kits with water is substantially equal to the ratio of the amounts of developer and fixer replenishers supplied to the tanks.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline processing liquid suitable for use in the silver complex diffusion transfer reversal (DTR-) process, wherein wherein said liquid contains a mixture of alkanolamines, the said mixture consisting of (I) N-methyl-diethanolamine and of (II) N,N-dimethyl-ethanolamine in a total amount in the range from 0.3 mol/l to 1.5 mol/l, and in a molar ratio of (I) to (II) from 1/20 to 20/1.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline processing liquid suitable for use in the silver complex diffusion transfer (DTR-) process, wherein said liquid contains one or more alkanolamines, the said alkanolamine(s) consisting of one or more tertiary alkanolamines in an amount in the range from 0.15 mol to 1.5 mol/l, and one or more secondary alkanolamines in an amount higher than 5 mol % but not higher than 100 mol % with respect to the amount of tertiary alkanolamine(s), and said liquid also contains a mixture of a silver image toning agent A being 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiol or a tautomer thereof and at least one other silver image toning agent B being a 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiol or a tautomer thereof, wherein the phenyl nucleus is substituted with halogen, the toning agent A and toning agent(s) B being present in said liquid in a molar ratio from 1/15 to 15/1.

Abstract: A process for forming a color image wherein a color photographic material is developed with a processing solution containing a solvent for the silver halide in the presence of an aromatic primary amino color devloping agent. The color photographic material comprises, on a support, at least one layer containing (1) a coupler capable of forming a dye by reaction with an oxidized aromatic primary amino color developing agent and having a dye covering power of at least 0.75 and (2) a silver chlorobromide emulsion or silver chlorobromide emulsion containing at least 90 molar % of silver chloride.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for continuously processing a color reversal photographic material. After black and white development, the color reversal photographic material is rinsed in a bath wherein the replenishing amount per unit area of the photographic material is 3 to 50 times as much as the amount of processing solution carried over from the preceding bath in terms of volume ratio and the pH is 9.5 or below.

Abstract: Disclosed is a processing composition for silver complex diffusion transfer process which contains the following constituents (A) to (E) or (A) to (F):______________________________________ (A) MOH (M is an alkali metal) 0.05-0.2 mole/l (B) an alkanolamine 0.25-0.7 mole/l (C) a sulfite 0.4-0.7 mole/l (D) a thiosulfate 0.03-0.08 mole/l (E) a p-dihydroxybenzene .gtoreq.0.07 mole/l (F) a benzotriazole 10.sup.-4 -10.sup.-2 mole/l, ______________________________________the sum of (A) and (B) being 0.4 to 0.8 mole/l and the molar ratio of (B) to (A) being above 2.0. This composition can produce images and tone without scumming.

Abstract: There is disclosed a processing solution for silver complex diffusion transfer process which contains at least one amino alcohol having a pKa value of less than 9 and at least one amino alcohol having a pKa value of 9 or more which are measured in a 50 wt % aqueous ethanol solution at 25.degree. C.

Abstract: A method and kit for the optical detection of proteins and nucleic acids in a matrix, such as polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels. The method comprises fixing the proteins and nucleic acids in the matrix using aromatic sulfonic acids having tertiary amines capable of forming coordination complexes with silver ion.

Abstract: A method of rapidly processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material having high sensitivity and high covering power using a developing solution is disclosed. The developing solution contains a combination of a silver halide solvent and a particular anti-foggant. The rapid processing is not attended by increase in fog and deterioration of graininess. The photographic material contains a surface latent image type silver halide emulsion and a silver halide emulsion having fogged nuclei inside the grains in a single layer formed by coating the mixture thereof, or in a double layer formed by coating them separately. The anti-foggant has the general formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, a nitro group, a cyano group or a halogen atom; and R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, a halogen atom or an alkyl group.

Abstract: Mesoionic 1,2,4-triazolium-3-thiolate silver halide stabilizer precursors are novel compounds useful in a heat developable and heat stabilizable photographic silver halide materials and processes. After imagewise exposure of the photographic material, a developed and stabilized silver image is produced by heating the element. Mesoionic stabilizer precursors are also useful in photographic silver halide processing compositions.

Abstract: Certain organic, carbon acid silver halide complexing agents in a photographic diffusion transfer system provide suitable replacement for conventional silver halide complexing agents. Such organic, silver halide complexing agents include certain sulfones, nitriles and onium salts. These are especially useful in a silver salt diffusion transfer system. They can be employed with silver halide developing agents, such as in a monobath, and are especially suitable with a hydroxylamine silver halide developing agent. Other addenda commonly employed in photographic diffusion transfer systems can be employed in combination with these silver halide complexing agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel bicyclic compounds useful as photographic silver halide developing agents, to the preparation of these compounds and to photographic products, processes and compositions employing the same. The subject compounds may be represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, the same or different, each represents hydrogen, a hydrocarbon moiety, preferably an alkyl group, --COOH or --COOR.sup.1 wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, the same or different, each represent hydrogen or an alkyl group, R.sub.5 represents hydrogen or --COR.sup.2 wherein R.sup.2 is an alkyl group; R.sub.6 represents hydrogen when R.sub.5 is hydrogen and represents hydrogen or --OCOR.sup.3 wherein R.sup.3 is an alkyl group the same as R.sup.2 when R.sub.5 represents --COR.sup.2 ; X represents --OH, --NH.sub.2 or --NHCOR.sup.4 wherein R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group the same as R.sup.2 ; Y represents --OH or --OCOR.sup.5 wherein R.sup.

Abstract: Method for making lithographic printing plates by silver salt diffusion transfer process is disclosed. That is, lithographic printing plates having excellent printing endurance are obtained by carrying out the diffusion transfer processing in the presence of a compound having the ring structure ##STR1## which may be present in at least one constitutive layer of the printing plate materials (photographic materials) used for making the printing plates or in the diffusion transfer processing solution.

Abstract: There are described photographic products, processes and compositions wherein cyclic crown ether ligands are utilized as silver halide solvents. Also disclosed are novel cyclic crown ether ligands.

Abstract: Mesoionic 1,2,4-triazolium-3-thiolate silver halide stabilizer precursors are novel compounds useful in a heat developable and heat stabilizable photographic silver halide materials and processes. After imagewise exposure of the photographic material, a developed and stabilized silver image is produced by heating the element. Mesoionic stabilizer precursors are also useful in photographic silver halide processing compositions.

Abstract: Alkanes containing an intralinear sulfonyl group and a cyano group separated by a single carbon substituted with at least one hydrogen atom are employed as silver halide solvents in photographic processes and compositions.

Abstract: A processing composition adapted for use in a silver diffusion transfer process which includes a saturated polyol containing at least 3 hydroxyl groups wherein each hydroxyl group is no more than 3 carbon atoms away from another hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A lithographic type diffusion transfer developing composition which provides high contrast images having sharp toe-gradation for developing silver halide light-sensitive materials contains at least one amine represented by one of the following general formulae (I), (II) or (III):H.sub.2 N-C.sub.n H.sub.2n -X (I) ##STR1## X, X', R.sub.1, n and m are defined in the specification. The process of developing using such a composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: There are described novel acyclic silver complexing agents which are useful as silver halide solvents in photographic products, processes and compositions. Also disclosed are photographic compositions, products and processes in which the complexing agents are utilized.

Abstract: A processing composition adapted for use in a silver diffusion transfer film unit which comprises an aqueous alkaline solution, a silver halide developing agent and a surfactant comprising a hydrophobe and a polyethylene oxide portion containing an average of about 5-25 repeating units of ethylene oxide per hydrophobe.