Abstract: An object is to improve the adhesion strength between a circuit pattern and its substrate without increasing the resistance value of the circuit pattern in preparation of a circuit pattern holding substrate. A circuit pattern formation device 100 forms, after forming a precursor circuit-pattern 12 in the surface of a dielectric thin film body 4, a circuit pattern 14 onto a target substrate 23 from the dielectric thin film body. After forming an electrostatic latent image 2 in the upper surface of the dielectric thin film body, the electrostatic latent image is exposed using an exposure unit 3 to prepare a pattern. A development apparatus 7 supplies a conductive particle dispersion solution 6 to this pattern to form a precursor circuit-pattern. By energizing the circuit pattern holding substrate 8, in which an adhesive layer 22 is formed, the precursor circuit-pattern is temporarily transferred to the circuit pattern holding substrate.

Abstract: A resin particle dispersion liquid comprises: resin particles comprising polyester having terminal carboxyl groups, the polyester being obtained by polycondensation of a polycondensable monomer, wherein the polyester has the terminal carboxyl groups that are partially neutralized to form carboxyl anions, the resin particles in the resin particle dispersion liquid having a value of (da/(da+dc)) of from approximately 0.30 to approximately 0.90, when in an absorption spectrum of the resin particles measured with an infrared spectrometer, dc represents a peak intensity of the terminal carboxyl group in a range of from 1,780 to 1,680 cm?1, and da represents a peak intensity of the neutralized carboxyl anion in a range of from 1,670 to 1,550 cm?1, the polyester has an acid value of approximately 1 mg·KOH/g or more and less than approximately 15 mg·KOH/g before neutralization, the resin particles dispersion liquid comprises a divalent or higher organic acid in an amount of from approximately 0.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulating liquid and toner particles dispersed in the insulating liquid. The toner particles include a plurality of corpuscle combiners including a resin material, and the insulating liquid includes glyceride of an unsaturated fatty acid.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for transferring a pattern of a circuit pattern precursor formed of electroconductive particles containing no resin component onto an objective substrate with high transfer efficiency while retaining a pattern shape. A method of transferring the circuit pattern precursor formed from an conductive particle dispersed solution on a dielectric thin film body includes the steps of: temporarily removing a liquid film remaining around the circuit pattern precursor right after a development step; subsequently re-electrifying the electroconductive particle pattern by supplying a solvent again to the circuit pattern precursor; and then electrostatically transferring the pattern onto the objective substrate through electrophoresis in the solvent.

Abstract: A toner is disclosed. The toner comprises a vinyl resin, a colorant, and a compound represented by a formula of Compound 1, Compound 2 ion or Compound 3.

Abstract: The invention provides a toner for electrostatic image development having at least a binder resin and a colorant and having an existence ratio of an IA Group element, from which hydrogen is excluded, measured by XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) in a range of about 0.03 to 1.0 atom % and a total of existence ratios of an IIA Group element, an IIIB Group element and an IVB Group element, from which carbon is excluded, measured by by XPS in a range of about 0.05 to 2.0 atom %. The invention further provides an electrostatic image developer having at least a carrier and the toner, and an image forming method including at least developing an electrostatic latent image with a developer containing at least the toner to form a toner image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrically conductive polyimide films having dispersed in them electrically conductive polymer particles having an average particle size from 0.5 to 5.0 microns. These films are suitable as image transfer belts in high-speed color copying machines and possess a surface smoothness, Ra factor (microns), between 0.5 and 1.5 and a gloss factor between 70 and 120.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming method is disclosed, comprising forming a toner image, transferring the toner image onto a recording medium and fixing the transferred toner image in a fixing device comprising a heating roller, an endless belt pressed into contact with the heating roller, a pressing member pressing the inner side of the endless belt and an end pressing member to locally elastically deform the heating roller and provided downstream from the pressing member, wherein the toner comprises toner particles comprising a core containing a resin, a colorant and a releasing agent and a shell on, and the toner particles exhibiting an average of eight-point mean thickness of the shell of 100 to 300 nm and meeting a requirement of an average of Hmax/Hmin being less than 1.50, wherein Hmax is a maximum thickness of the shell and Hmin is a minimum thickness of the shell.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming method is disclosed. In the method electrostatic latent image is developed by a non-magnetic single-component developing system, in which a non-magnetic single-component developer is conveyed by a developer carrying member, the developer carrying member is contacted with a developer layer regulation member for regulating an amount of the developer at the surface of the developer carrying member, and a binder resin of the developer comprises a vinyl polymer having an acid value of from about 5 to about 30 and a ratio of hydroxyl group value/acid values from about 0.3 to about 0.8.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image comprises a binding resin for a toner and a charge control agent including an azo-type iron complex salt represented by the following chemical formula (1) (in the chemical formula (1), R1 and R3 are the same or different to each other and are an alkyl group having a straight chain or a branch chain of 3 to 8 carbons; R2a, R2b, R4a and R4b are the same or different to each other and are selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, a halogen atom, a nitro group and a carboxyl group; A+ indicates m(H+)+n(K+)+p(Na+), which m, n and p satisfy numerical equations of m+n+p=1, 0.7?m?1, 0?n?0.3 and 0?p?0.3), wherein an average particle size thereof is 1 to 4 microns, and a specific volume resistivity thereof is ranging from 0.2×1015 to 7×1015 ?·cm.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording body is constructed by laminating a glass substrate transmissive of recording light, a first conductive layer transmissive of recording light, a photoconductive layer exhibiting conductivity by receiving recording light, an insulating dielectric layer, and a second conductive layer transmissive of readout light, in this order. DC voltage is applied to the electrostatic recording body by a power source to charge both conductive layers, and an object is irradiated with light from a recording light irradiating means, thereby recording a electrostatic latent image at an interface between the photoconductive layer and the dielectric layer. Then, the conductive layers are short-circuited and charged at the same potential, thereby redistributing electrical charges.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image supporting material for fixably supporting a color toner image, the material including a base material, a light scattering layer provided on the base material and containing a white pigment and a thermoplastic resin, and a color toner receptive layer provided on the light scattering layer and containing at least a thermoplastic resin, wherein the thermoplastic resin in the light scattering layer is constituted of a polyolefin or a polyolefinic copolymer having a temperature, at which viscosity becomes 5×103 Pa·s, of 100° C. or higher, and the thermoplastic resin in the color toner receptive layer is constituted of a resin obtained by melt mixing of a crystalline polyester resin and an amorphous resin and having a temperature, at which viscosity becomes 103 Pa·s, equal to or higher than 65° C. but lower than 80° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic lamination film which can be easily laminated by using the film as it is without significantly modifying a conventional electrophotographic device, can be printed with letters of high resolution directly on a surface of the film capable of softening at relatively low temperatures, and can form an image of high quality having sufficient heat resistance and light resistance with good recognizability even in outdoor use, as well as a method of producing the same and a method of forming an image. In the electrophotographic lamination film, a surface resistance of at least one surface of a substrate thereof is in a range of 108 to 1013 ?/?, and a Vicat softening temperature of the substrate is in a range of 70 to 130° C.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrophotographic laminated film and a method for producing the electrophotographic laminated film. The electrophotographic laminated film comprises a substrate and at least one of a coating layer and a function control means provided on a surface of the substrate. The uppermost layer of the coating layer has a surface resistance in a range of 1.0×108 to 1.0×1013 ?/?. The surface of the substrate preferably comprises at least one of a polycarbonate resin and a polyallylate resin. At least one of the coating layer and the function control means is preferably formed by providing a coating liquid. Further, a solvent contained in the coating liquid is preferably permits at least one of the coating layer and function control means to be formed while dissolving the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An organic optoelectronic device includes a solution coatable thin film having a hole transporting material, an electron transporting material, and a photogenerating component uniformly dispersed therein. The thin film is about 0.2 microns or less, and can be spin-coated onto a substrate and further coated with electrodes.

Abstract: An information recording medium including at least one electrophotographic laminate film in which a surface resistance of at least one surface is in a range of 108 to 1013 ?/?, and on which a toner image corresponding to information is formed; and an opaque core base material laminated on the surface of the electrophotographic laminate film, on which surface the toner image is formed.

Abstract: A method of electronic processing of an imagewise exposed dispersed particle photoconductive material imaging element employing pulsed radiation and radio frequency photoconductivity apparatus having a sample capacitor with a gap is described, comprising the steps of: a) placing the imagewise exposed photoconductive material imaging element in an electromagnetic field adjacent the sample capacitor; b) scanning the element through the gap in the sample capacitor with a pulsed, focused beam of radiation; c) directly measuring the photoelectron response of the element and recording the resulting signals from the radio frequency photoconductivity apparatus; and d) advancing the element past the capacitor and repeating steps b) and c); wherein the photoconductive material imaging element comprises photoconductive particles which contain deep electron trapping agents which in an unfilled state effectively decrease the photoconductivity of the photoconductor particles, and wherein imagewise exposure of the photocond

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical device (10) including a shorting bar (40) having a first portion (42) electrically coupled to a first input/output signal line (34) and a second portion (43) electrically uncoupled to a second input/output signal line (36). Shorting bar (40) is coupled to a moveable end (49) of a cantilever structure (44). Thus, preferably only the second portion (43) of shorting bar (40) needs to be actuated to be electrically coupled to the second input/output signal line (36).

Abstract: A thermal transfer recording material comprising a support having thereon an image transferring layer containing a coloring material represented by Formula (I), Formula (I): wherein each R11 and R12 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group; R13 is a substituent and n is an integer of 0 to 4, provided that when n is 2 or more, a plurality of R13s are the same or different; R14 is an alkyl group; and each R15 and R16 is independently an alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An image transfer sheet including a substrate, an image transfer layer formed overlying one side of the substrate, and a surface layer which is formed overlying the transfer layer and which includes a resin, wherein the resin has a glass transition temperature of from 27° C. to 100° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuser member comprising a substrate and at least one layer thereover, said layer comprising a crosslinked product of a composition which comprises (a) a fluoroelastomer, and (b) an epoxy silane curative.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical device (10) including a shorting bar (40) having a first portion (42) electrically coupled to a first input/output signal line (34) and a second portion (43) electrically uncoupled to a second input/output signal line (36). Shorting bar (40) is coupled to a moveable end (49) of a cantilever structure (44). Thus, preferably only the second portion (43) of shorting bar (40) needs to be actuated to be electrically coupled to the second input/output signal line (36).

Abstract: The present invention provides a flexible and convenient method that combines a digital color image with the versatility of an analog imaging method to create a hybrid digital/analog image, wherein an analog image is formed directly on a digitally generated image.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are presented for electrophotographic copying of original information. One cycle of the copying method consists of the following. An electrostatic image of the copying information is recorded onto a recording photoreceptor, and the recording photoreceptor is used to form a latent electrostatic image on an intermediate information carrier. The latent electrostatic image is developed on the intermediate information carrier, and the developed image is transferred onto a final information carrier. The intermediate information carrier is a photoreceptor of a kind capable of, when being charged, storing the charge during a period of time required for producing a desired number of copies.

Abstract: A recording sheet of the present invention comprises a substrate film, a receptor layer for retaining a toner image and a release layer for releasing the receptor layer from a fixing surface of a fixing means, the receptor layer and the release layer being disposed on at least one side of the substrate film in this order from a position of the substrate film, wherein the release layer contains a release agent having compatibility to toner and releasing ability to the fixing surface. A preferable release agent is wax, particularly wax having a polar group in its molecular structure, such as carnauba wax and candelilla wax. The recording sheet of the present invention can provide a high quality of the toner image with no occurrence of fusion to the fixing surface and cohesive failure of the receptor layer even when the thermal fixing is carried out with no oil supplied to the fixing surface of the fixing means.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a high weight percent of silicone within the silicone-urea block polymer for use with or as a dielectric layer material for electrostatic printing. The high weight percent comprises between about 66 and about 94 weight percent.

Abstract: Coated paper stocks for electrostatic imaging comprising a substrate coated on at least one surface with a resin layer comprised of olefinic material and a pin-hole free, continuous coating layer over said resin layer. The continuous layer has a glass transition temperature above 100.degree. C. and is comprised of one or more natural or synthetic film forming polymers. As a single layer this continuous coating layer functions as both a heat protective and imaging layer. In an alternate embodiment two separate coating layers are provided with separate heat protective and imaging functionalities.

Abstract: A transfer belt for use in an electrophotographic apparatus for transporting an image support onto which a toner image formed on a surface of a photoconductor containing a photoconductive layer is transferred, and the transfer belt includes a surface layer formed from a coating liquid containing: a solvent; at least one kind of inorganic or organic fine particles dispersible in the solvent; and at least one kind of organic compound dissolved in the solvent. Also disclosed is an electrophotographic apparatus using the transfer belt.

Abstract: A developer carrying member is comprised of a substrate and a coat layer which covers the surface of the substrate. The coat layer contains at least a binder resin, conductive spherical particles having a number average particle diameter of from 0.3 .mu.m to 30 .mu.m and a true density of 3 g/cm.sup.3 or below, and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, the particles and the compound being dispersed in the binder resin.

Abstract: A printing sheet that is adapted for printing in an inkjet printer or the like. The sheet has a plurality of pits in the top surface. The pits accept the ink and hold the ink in place. The bottom surface of the sheet has a permanent electrostatic charge. The sheet may be constructed by etching an electreet compatible plastic sheet and then polling the sheet. Alternatively, the sheet may be constructed by bonding a porous sheet to an electreet sheet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrostatic information recording medium in which a charge retaining layer having high insulating properties is laminated on an electrode, and an electrostatic information recording/reproducing process wherein, while said electrostatic information recording medium is positioned in opposition to a photosensitive member on which a photoconductive layer is laminated, the recording medium is subjected to information exposure with the application of voltage between both electrodes to accumulate electrostatic charges thereon depending upon the dosage of said information exposure, and the electrostatic information thus accumulated is reproduced by potential reading.The present electrostatic information recording medium has an information density as expressed in terms of a high recording capacity of the order of 8.times.10.sup.8 bits/cm.sup.

Abstract: Electric discharge between a photosensitive member and a charge retaining medium is ON/OFF controlled by changing the gas pressure between these two members, so that it is possible to effect image recording in a state where a DC voltage is applied. An electric charge which is opposite in polarity to an image forming charge is uniformly formed on the charge retaining medium in advance of the image exposure, and thereafter image exposure is carried out, thereby reducing the background potential at the unexposed region and increasing the contrast potential of the electrostatic latent image formed on the charge retaining medium. In addition, it is possible to increase the voltage distribution to the photosensitive member. As a result, it is possible to improve the photosensitivity of image exposure.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording material includes a conductive layer and a dielectric layer successively superimposed on a support. The dielectric layer contains an insulating resin and a pigment composition. The pigment composition includes silicon dioxide and a pigment component having a Mohs' scale hardness of 3.5 or less. This material simultaneously solves the prior art problems of "dropouts" and "flares" and improves the density of the printed areas.

Abstract: A novel image development method and apparatus are disclosed, whereby image-wise charging of a toner layer is accomplished by induce air breakdown electrical discharge such that free mobile ions are introduced in the vicinity of an electrostatic latent image coated with a layer of developing material. The latent image causes the free mobile ions to flow in an image-wise ion stream corresponding to the latent image, which, in turn, leads to image-wise charging of the toner layer, such that the toner layer itself becomes the latent image carrier. The latent image carrying toner layer is subsequently developed and transferred to a copy substrate to produce an output document.

Abstract: A red fluorescent material includes a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1, and R.sub.2 are individually alkyl of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl, carbocyclic and other heterocyclic systems; andR.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are individually alkyl of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a branched or unbranched 5 or 6 member substituent ring connecting with R.sub.1, R.sub.2 respectively; andR.sub.5 is alkyl of from 2-20 carbon atoms; sterically hindered aryl and heteroaryl; andR.sub.6 is alkyl of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a 5 or 6-member carbocyclic ring connecting with R.sub.5.

Abstract: As shown in FIG. 1a, the information recording medium of the present invention includes an information recording layer on an electrode layer (13), said recording layer made up of a resin system (11) having liquid crystal phases (12) dispersed and fixed therein. In said recording layer, the refractive index of light through said resin system is such chosen as to be substantially coincident with the refractive index of light through the liquid crystal material which is being oriented by an electric field, whereby electrostatic information can be recorded and stored on the recording medium as visible information and the recorded and stored information can be reproduced at any desired time. The present recording medium can also be recycled, if the information recorded on it is erased.

Abstract: A conducting polymer film comprising a substrate comprising a semiconductor having thereon a conducting polymer film capable of being doped with or undoped of an ionic dye molecule. In the image forming process of the present invention, the conducting polymer film is irradiated with light to generate electromotive force so that the conducting polymer film is doped with or undoped of an ionic dye molecule according to the electromotive force to form an image pattern thereon. The ionic dye molecule forming the image pattern is electrochemically released, and then transferred to a recording medium such as paper. The image forming process provides images of good quality at a relatively high printing speed. The image forming process is energy-saving and takes a low running cost. An marking process and marking apparatus using the above image forming process are also disclosed.

Abstract: A toner image having two or more levels of toner density is transferred to a receiving surface more efficiently by erasing voltage associated with the higher density portions of the image member to a different extent than voltage is erased in the lower density portions of the image member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a digital printing blanket carcass for supporting a transfer layer having an outer surface which is capable of transferring electrostatic particles. This carcass includes an upper layer of a resilient material which can withstand a temperature of up to about 150.degree. C., such as silicone rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, an acrylic rubber or a fluoroelastomer; a compressible layer of an elastomeric matrix material having a plurality of open or closed cells therein; and a fabric layer of a fiber material which can withstand a temperature of up to about 150.degree. C., such as carbon, boron, a metal, fiberglass, a polyimide, or an aromatic polyamide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrostatic information recording medium in which a charge retaining layer having high insulating properties is laminated on an electrode, and an electrostatic information recording/reproducing process wherein, while said electrostatic information recording medium is positioned in opposition to a photosensitive member on which a photoconductive layer is laminated, the recording medium is subjected to information exposure with the application of voltage between both electrodes to accumulate electrostatic charges thereon depending upon the dosage of said information exposure, and the electrostatic information thus accumulated is reproduced by potential reading.The present electrostatic information recording medium has an information density as expressed in terms of a high recording capacity of the order of 8.times.10.sup.8 bits/cm.sup.

Abstract: Processes, products and inventive uses for improved gray scales in pictorial content of monochrome printed matter and involving a color laser copier (30). An exemplary process presents a subject image (14) to a laser color copier, supplies an electrostatic printing plate (20) to the copier, and introduces the subject image directly to the plate as a transfer image (14') by operating the copier. The process confers superior gray scale capability to the plate and prepares the plate, as later mounted on a printing press (40), to produce printed matter (43) wherein printed image (14") corresponds to the subject image and is characterized by improved gray scale. An exemplary product, as an article of manufacture, is a printing plate with the directly-introduced transfer image. An inventive use is use or operation of the copier directly to make--from subject image on its copy board (31)--the transfer image on the printing plate.

Abstract: The electrostatic information recording medium according to the present invention comprises an electrode layer and an electric charge retaining layer. By improving the laminating method of electric charge retaining layer or by improving the layer arrangement or by converting electrostatic information to the visible information or position information, high information retaining property can be obtained and the accumulated electrostatic information can be maintained for long period.In the electrostatic information recording method according to the present invention, an electrostatic information recording medium is placed face-to-face to a photosensitive member having photoconductive layer on an electrode. The image exposure is performed by applying voltage between two electrodes, and the electrostatic information corresponding to the image exposure is recorded on the electrostatic information recording medium.

Abstract: An information recording medium having an information recording layer comprising a liquid crystal phase and a resin phase is protected against deterioration due to a long-term storage. An information recording medium having an information recording layer comprising a liquid crystal phase and a resin phase and located in opposition to a photoelectric sensor having a photoconductive layer has been packed in a moisture- and light-resistant laminate formed of a synthetic resin and an aluminum foil, and filled therein with a dried, moisture-free inert gas.

Abstract: Electric discharge between a photosensitive member and a charge retaining medium is ON/OFF controlled by changing the gas pressure between these two members, so that it is possible to effect image recording in a state where a DC voltage is applied. Accordingly, it is possible to effect image recording on the charge retaining medium without the need for precise control for obtaining a high-voltage pulse and without employing an optical shutter. In addition, an electric charge that is emitted by a field is attracted to the charge retaining medium and accumulated on the surface thereof, thereby forming an electrostatic latent image, and thus making it possible to attain image recording of extremely high resolution.

Abstract: Information recording media enable images to be recorded and reproduced with high resolution, wherein oozing of liquid crystal material thereof is prevented and the information recorded without unevenness. A first recording medium has an information recording layer comprising a liquid crystal phase and an ultraviolet curing resin phase. The information recording layer is stacked on an electrode layer provided on a substrate by coating a mixed solution of liquid crystal and ultraviolet curing resin material on the surface of the electrode layer and then irradiating the coating by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, thereby forming a cured skin layer of the resin material on the outer surface of the information recording layer. A second recording medium has a transparent electrode layer additionally provided on the information recording layer of the first recording medium.

Abstract: The electrostatic information recording medium according to the present invention comprises an electrode layer and an electric charge retaining layer. By improving the laminating method of electric charge retaining layer or by improving the layer arrangement or by converting electrostatic information to the visible information or position information, high information retaining property can be obtained and the accumulated electrostatic information can be maintained for long period.In the electrostatic information recording method according to the present invention, an electrostatic information recording medium is placed face-to-face to a photosensitive member having photoconductive layer on an electrode. The image exposure is performed by applying voltage between two electrodes, and the electrostatic information corresponding to the image exposure is recorded on the electrostatic information recording medium.

Abstract: A color image forming method which comprises forming a mono-color or multi-color toner image on an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a releasing surface by an electrophotographic process; forming a releasable transfer layer on the photoreceptor having the toner image formed thereon; transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer onto a primary receptor; and transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer from the primary receptor onto the final receiving material, and an apparatus for carrying out the image forming method.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrostatic information-recording medium including an electrode layer (13) and a charge-retaining layer, in which said charge-retaining layer is formed of a laminate of a resin layer (11a) having a low glass transition temperature with a heat-resistant, insulating layer (11b), or an electrostatic information-recording medium comprising at least an electrode layer (13) and a charge-retaining layer (11) in which said charge-retaining layer (11) is formed of a polymer layer (12) containing pentafluorostyrene as a monomer component and having a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000 to 2,000,000, or which includes a photoconductive layer (44) and a charge-retaining layer (43) between a pair of electrodes (42) and (45) and is designed to carry out exposure with the application of voltage between both said electrodes (42) and (45) or apply voltage between both said electrodes (42) and (45) while exposure is carried out, thereby forming an electrostatic latent image, which is t

Abstract: An intermediate transfer member includes a base layer and a top thermoplastic film forming polymer layer. The base layer can include carbon and the thermoplastic film forming polymer layer can include electrical property regulating materials. This intermediate transfer member shows improved mechanical as well as electrical properties. It can be employed in an electrophotographic imaging device having at least one photoreceptor and can print an image on a suitable substrate such as paper with improved toner image formation.

Abstract: A self biasable transfer roll system for transferring toner particles from an image support surface to a copy substrate, including a conformable roll member, comprising a core having a layer of compressible material radially surrounding the core, and a peripheral surface layer comprising piezoelectric material positioned along a circumference of the roll member for generating an electric field when deformed.