Abstract: A one-part photographic developing concentrate comprising: (i) a paraphenylene diamine color developing agent; and (ii) a water-soluble organic solvent, wherein a molar ratio of sodium ion to potassium ion is at least 3, and a molar ratio of sulfate ion to carbonate ion is at least 0.25.

Abstract: Concentrated and working strength photographic color developing compositions are stabilized with the inclusion of two specific types of calcium ion sequestering agents. One of the sequestering agents is a polyelectrolyte such as a polycarboxylic acid or salt thereof having a molecular weight of from about 2000 to about 100,000. The other one is a non-polymeric aminocarboxylic acid, polyphosphonic acid, or a salt thereof. The weight ratio of the first calcium ion sequestering agent to the second calcium ion sequestering agent is from about 1:1 to about 20:1. These compositions can be used to process color photographic materials such as color photographic papers.

Abstract: Concentrated and working strength photographic color developing compositions are stabilized with the inclusion of two specific types of calcium ion sequestering agents. One of the sequestering agents is a polyelectrolyte such as a polycarboxylic acid or salt thereof having a molecular weight of from about 2000 to about 100,000. The other one is a non-polymeric aminocarboxylic acid, polyphosphonic acid, or a salt thereof. The weight ratio of the first calcium ion sequestering agent to the second calcium ion sequestering agent is from about 1:1 to about 20:1. These compositions can be used to process color photographic materials such as color photographic papers.

Abstract: Rapid development of silver bromoiodide color negative photographic films and formation of high quality negative images suitable for scanning to produce display images of excellent quality is made possible by a novel developer solution composition and method of development. The solution is characterized by containing, in addition to the color developer compound and conventional photographic developer solution components, a water soluble pyrrolidone polymer, a high concentration of sulfite ion and a low concentration, or the absence of, bromide ion. In the novel method the developer composition contacts the exposed film at elevated temperature, e.g., 40 to 66° C., for a short development time, e.g., 20 to 90 seconds. The developed image has image quality suitable for scanning and digital manipulation to produce a digital record for forming a color display image of high quality.

Abstract: Additive compositions suitable for rinse water used for processing lithographic printing plates, particularly to additive compositions for rinse water in water recycling systems, are disclosed. The additive compositions contain at least one water-soluble film-forming polymer; optionally, at least one pH regulating agent capable of maintaining the pH value of an aqueous solution at about 7 or below; and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of phosphonic acid derivatives of formula I.

Abstract: A color developing composition is stable in the presence of calcium ion because of the presence of a specific polyphosphonic acid sequestering agent. The composition also comprises a color developing agent in free base form and an antioxidant for the color developing agent. The calcium ion sequestering agent is morpholinomethanediphosphonic acid or a salt thereof. This sequestering agent can be used alone to control calcium ion precipitates, or in combination with a polyaminopolyphonic acid or salt thereof. The composition can be used to provide images in various color photographic silver halide materials.

Abstract: Additive compositions suitable for rinse water used for processing lithographic printing plates, particularly to additive compositions for rinse water in water recycling systems, are disclosed. The additive compositions contain at least one water-soluble film-forming polymer; optionally, at least one pH regulating agent capable of maintaining the pH value of an aqueous solution at about 7 or below; and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of phosphonic acid derivatives of formula I.

Abstract: A color developing composition is stable in the presence of calcium ion because of the presence of two specific types of polyphosphonic acid sequestering agents. The composition also comprises a color developing agent in free base form and an antioxidant for the color developing agent. The mixture of sequestering agents includes a polyaminopolyphosphonic acid and either a hydroxyalkylidenediphosphonic acid or morpholinomethanediphosphonic acid. The composition can be used to provide images in various color photographic silver halide materials.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous photographic color developing compositions include a photographic color developing agent in free base form and a compound represented by Structure I 1

Abstract: A color developing composition is stable in the presence of calcium ion because of the presence of two specific types of polyphosphonic acid sequestering agents. The composition also comprises a color developing agent in free base form and an antioxidant for the color developing agent. The mixture of sequestering agents includes a polyaminopolyphosphonic acid and either a hydroxyalkylidenediphosphonic acid or morpholinomethanediphosphonic acid. The composition can be used to provide images in various color photographic silver halide materials.

Abstract: An aminopolycarboxylic acid compound represented by the following formula or analogous thereof: The aminopolycarboxylic acid compound of the present invention can be used as a chelating agent for various metals, which is excellent in the biodegradability and masking effect on metals.

Abstract: A homogeneous, ready to use, single-part color developing concentrate comprises a color developing agent in free base form, an antioxidant for the color developing agent, a buffering agent, and a water-miscible or water-soluble hydroxy-substituted, straight-chain organic solvent present in an a concentration such that the weight ratio of water to the organic solvent is from about 15:85 to about 50:50. In addition the concentrate includes a mixture of a specific polyaminopolyphosphonic acid and either a hydroxyalkylidene-diphosphonic acid or morpholinomethanediphosphonic acid (or salt thereof) for stability in the presence of calcium ions. This concentrate is prepared by mixing the components in a unique order for improved safety and manufacturability. It can be used to make a working strength processing solution, or it can be used as a replenishing composition with proper dilution to provide color images in photographic silver halide materials.

Abstract: A two-part color photographic developer concentrate in which part 1 contains at least one antioxidant selected from the group consisting of diethylhydroxylamine and diethylhydroxylamine disulfo acid, at least one auxiliary solvent, at least one optical brightener and at least one color developer substance and part 2 contains at least one buffer substance, alkali and at least one water softener, may be produced by part 1 additionally containing 0.001 to 1 mol of hydroxylamine or a monoalkylated hydroxylamine or the salts thereof per liter of concentrate concentrate and at least 20% by weight of the total of part 1 being water.

Abstract: A multi-part color developing kit includes at least two parts (or solutions) of photochemical compositions that can be mixed to provide a color developing composition useful for obtaining color photographic images. A first aqueous solution is formulated with a color developing agent in free base form, an antioxidant for the color developing agent, an inorganic base, a triazinylstilbene optical brightening agent, an chemical base and a water-miscible or water-soluble hydroxy-substituted, straight-chain organic solvent. A second aqueous solution is formulated with a buffering agent, the same or different chemical base and a phosphonic acid metal ion sequestering agent. Both solutions have a pH and homogeneity to provide a clear color developing composition that is safer for use and disposal.

Abstract: A color developing composition is stable in the presence of calcium ion because of the presence of a specific polyphosphonic acid sequestering agent. The composition also comprises a color developing agent in free base form and an antioxidant for the color developing agent. The calcium ion sequestering agent is morpholinomethanediphosphonic acid or a salt thereof. This sequestering agent can be used alone to control calcium ion precipitates, or in combination with a polyaminopolyphonic acid or salt thereof. The composition can be used to provide images in various color photographic silver halide materials.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for making a lithographic printing plate, which comprises subjecting a lithographic printing material having physical development nuclei between an anodized aluminum support and a silver halide emulsion layer to exposure and then processing the lithographic printing material at least with a developing solution, wherein the developing solution contains an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: A homogeneous, ready to use, single-part color developing concentrate comprises a color developing agent in free base form, an antioxidant for the color developing agent, a buffering agent, and a water-miscible or water-soluble hydroxy-substituted, straight-chain organic solvent present in an a concentration such that the weight ratio of water to the organic solvent is from about 15:85 to about 50:50. In addition the concentrate includes a mixture of a specific polyaminopolyphosphonic acid and either a hydroxyalkylidenediphosphonic acid or morpholinomethanediphosphonic acid (or salt thereof) for stability in the presence of calcium ions. This concentrate is prepared by mixing the components in a unique order for improved safety and manufacturability. It can be used to make a working strength processing solution, or it can be used as a replenishing composition with proper dilution to provide color images in photographic silver halide materials.

Abstract: A multi-part color developing kit includes at least two parts (or solutions) of photochemical compositions that can be mixed to provide a color developing composition useful for obtaining color photographic images. A first aqueous solution is formulated with a color developing agent in free base form, an antioxidant for the color developing agent, an inorganic base, a triazinylstilbene optical brightening agent, an chemical base and a water-miscible or water-soluble hydroxy-substituted, straight-chain organic solvent. A second aqueous solution is formulated with a buffering agent, the same or different chemical base and a phosphonic acid metal ion sequestering agent. Both solutions have a pH and homogeneity to provide a clear color developing composition that is safer for use and disposal.

Abstract: A photographic color developing composition includes a color developing agent, an organic antioxidant and at least 0.0005 mol/l of a polyaminopolyphosphonic acid calcium ion sequestering agent that has at least four phosphonic acid (or salt) groups. In addition, the total concentration of lithium and magnesium ions is less than 0.0001 mol/l. This composition can be in working strength or concentrated form (including solids), and has improved stability and reduced precipitates, and in some cases, provides improved yellow dye density.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material has at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a support, wherein the silver halide emulsion layer contains a silver halide emulsion consisting of tabular silver halide grains not containing a cavity extending through two major planes opposing each other and having an average aspect ratio of 1.5 or more, except that 20% or more of the tabular silver halide grains started to be developed containing a cavity extending through the major planes when the silver halide emulsion was developed with a color developer containing a silver halide solvent and a p-phenylenediamine-based color developing agent for 60 sec. A method for forming images includes the step of performing color development for the material for 25 to 90 sec by using a color developing solution containing thiosulfate, methanethiosulfonate, thiocyanate or at least one of the silver halide solvents represented by the formula (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) each defined in the specification.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of processing an exposed black and white photographic light-sensitive material employing an automatic processor, the method comprising the steps of developing the exposed material with a developer, the developer is replenished with a developer replenisher; fixing the developed material with a fixer; washing the fixed material; and drying the washed material, wherein the developer contains a developing agent, a compound represented by the following formula (III) and at least one of a compound represented by the following formula (I) and a compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR1##

Abstract: A processing method of a silver halide photographic material comprising a support having on at least one side of the support hydrophilic colloid layers including a silver halide emulsion layer is disclosed, in which the silver halide emulsion layer contains tabular silver halide grains having an average chloride content of 20 mol % or more and an aspect ratio of 2 or more; and a coating weight ratio of silver to gelatin of said hydrophilic colloid layers is 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for making a lithographic printing plate which utilizes the silver complex diffusion transfer process by subjecting the lithographic printing plate to exposure and then development processing and optionally stabilizing processing, which comprises performing the development processing/the stabilizing processing by using a developing solution/a stabilizing solution each containing a monothioether compound containing succinic acid, a salt thereof or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: A redox developer-amplifier composition contains a color developing agent and a redox oxidizing agent. The composition also contains a stabilizing amount of Zn.sup.++ or Mg.sup.++ ions, and thus has improved stability.

Abstract: A simple and effective bleaching method includes the use of a bleaching solution including a peroxide bleaching agent and chloride ion in an amount of at least 0.35 mol/l. An organic phosphonic acid or tertiary aminocarboxylic acid can also be present for stability. The method is useful for bleaching color photographic films containing at least 20 mol % silver bromide and from 0 to about 0.5 mol % silver iodide in at least one silver halide emulsion.

Abstract: A simple and effective peroxide bleaching method includes the use of a bleaching solution including a peroxide bleaching agent and chloride ion in an amount of at least 0.35 mol/l. An organic phosphonic acid or tertiary aminocarboxylic acid can also be present for stability. The method is useful for bleaching high silver bromide color negative photographic films containing at least 80 mol % silver bromide and from 0.5 to 5 mol % silver iodide in at least one silver halide emulsion.

Abstract: There are described novel photographic processing compositions, film units and processes for use in diffusion transfer photographic systems. More particularly, there is described a method for forming a diffusion transfer image photographic processing of diffusion transfer photographic film units in the presence of hypoxanthine and inosine. Diffusion transfer photographic systems utilizing the novel photographic element or method of the present invention exhibit substantially fewer, if any, crystals on the final image of the finished photograph post-processing.

Abstract: A method of developing an exposed black and white silver halide photographic light-sensitive material with developer using an automatic processor is disclosed, the developing comprising supplying replenisher for developer in an amount of not more than 200 ml per m.sup.2 of the material, the material containing a hydrazine derivative and an infectious development nucleation agent, and the developer having a pH value of 10.0 to 11.2 and containing a dihydroxy benzene compound, a 3-pyrazolidone compound or an aminophenol compound, a sulfite of 0.3 to 1.

Abstract: A processing solution for processing an exposed silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprises a compound represented by the following formula (A): ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3 and A.sub.4 each represent --COOM.sub.1, --OH, --PO.sub.3 M.sub.1 M.sub.2 or --CONH.sub.2 in which M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen ion, an alkali metal ion or another cation; R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a hydroxyl group; n.sub.1, n.sub.2, n.sub.3 and n.sub.4 each represent an integer of 0, 1 or 2, provided that none of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen atoms when n.sub.1 +n.sub.2 =1 and n.sub.3 +n.sub.4 =1; and X represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or --(B.sub.1 O)m-B.sub.2 -- in which B.sub.1 and B.sub.2 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and m is an integer of from 1 to 4.

Abstract: A developing composition for a silver halide black-and-white photographic light sensitive material is disclosed, comprising a compound represented by formula (1) and a compound represented by formula (2) or (3): ##STR1##

Abstract: A redox-amplification solution comprising hydrogen peroxide, or a substance capable of releasing hydrogen peroxide, or reducing agent, such as a color developing agent, and in combination three or more sequestering agents for complexing with a transition metal ion to inhibit catalysis of impurities emanating from a photographic film coating and enhance the stability of the solution; a method of photographic color processing including a step using the redox-amplification solution and its use therefor.

Abstract: A photographic bleach solution contains hydrogen peroxide, or a compound capable of releasing hydrogen peroxide, and two or more sequestering agents capable of complexing with a transition metal. The bleach solution ha a pH in the alkaline range. A method of using such a photographic bleach solution is also disclosed.

Abstract: Photographic elements, especially color papers, can be processed with developer, redox amplification or bleaching solutions that contain hydrogen peroxide or other oxidants. These solutions include a dissolved compound that has a hydrophobic hydrocarbon group and an additional group that enables the compound to adsorb to silver or stainless steel. The dissolved compound inhibits the catalytic effect of the metal on decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide so the processing solutions are more stable.

Abstract: A process for processing a silver halide color photographic material, which comprises developing in a color developer substantially free of sulfite ion and containing an aromatic primary amine color developing agent and at least one phosphorus compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (I), formula (I-a) and formula (I-b) and internal salts thereof: ##STR1## wherein R, R' and R" each represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aryl group; A represents a divalent or trivalent linking group; M, M' and M" each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an alkaline earth metal atom, an ammonium or a quaternary ammonium; and m represents 2 when M, M' or M" is monovalent and m is 1 when M, M' and M" is divalent.

Abstract: Color photographic elements are bleached after exposure and development by using a peroxide bleaching solution. This solution comprises a peroxide bleaching agent, chloride ions in an amount of at least 0.35 mol/l, a first acid which is a which is an organic phosphonic acid or a salt thereof, and a second acid which is a 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid or 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, or a salt thereof. The bleaching solution is stabilized by the presence of the two sequestering acids.

Abstract: Photographic processing using an additive represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic ring group; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic ring group; L.sub.1, L.sub.2, L.sub.3, L.sub.4 and L.sub.5 are independently an alkylene group; m and n are independently 0 or 1; W.sup.1 and W.sup.2 are independently an alkylene group, an arylene group, aralkylene group or a divalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring group; D is a single bond, --O--, --S-- or --N(R.sub.w), where R.sub.2 is hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aryl group; v is 0 or an integer or from 1 to 3; w is an integer of from 1 to 3; and M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3 and M.sub.4 are independently hydrogen or a cation.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed which comprises the steps of:exposing the light-sensitive material;developing the exposed material with a developer; andreplenishing the developer with a repleniser developer in amount of 200 ml or less per m.sup.2 of the material, said developer and replenisher developer are prepared by dissolving in water a solid photographic developing composition comprising a developing agent and a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, a hydroxy group, a mercapto group, a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, a phosphono group, an amino group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl group or a heterocyclic group, provided that R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: A method for processing an imagewise exposed black-and-white negative silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having provided thereon photographic layers including at least one silver halide emulsion layer, one of said photographic layers containing a hydrazine derivative, said method comprising;developing said light-sensitive material with a developer comprising a black and white developing agent and a compound represented by Formula VI, said developer having a pH of less than 11.5; ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each independently hydrogen, --SM.sub.1, hydroxyl, alkoxyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, --COOM.sub.2, amino, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, provided that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 is --SM.sub.1, and M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, alkali metal, or ammonium.

Abstract: A method of developing with developer an exposed black and white silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, the developer containing a compound represented by the following Formula (1a) , (1b) , (2) or (3) and a compound represented by the following Formula (4) or (5): ##STR1##

Abstract: Photographic developing compositions are provided that are free of dihydroxybenzene developing agents and are used in the processing of photographic elements. The developing compositions have a pH in the range of from 10.1 to 10.9 and comprise at least 0.17 moles per liter of an ascorbic acid developing agent, 0.3 to 0.5 moles per liter of a sulfite and 0.2 to 0.4 moles per liter of a carbonate buffer. Also provided is an ecologically advantageous method for processing photographic elements which utilizes the non-toxic developing compositions.

Abstract: A method of making a lithographic printing plate that comprises the steps of:(a) imagewise exposing a unitary, light sensitive material which consists of a support, at least one negative working light sensitive silver halide layer and a surface physical development nucleating layer, said construction containing a developing agent and electron transfer agent in one or more layers;(b) processing said printing plate in a diffusion transfer alkaline activator solution containing at least one aminocarboxylic acid complexing agent.

Abstract: An alkaline, aqueous black-and-white photographic developer and developing method. The developer includes hydroquinone developing agent, auxiliary developing agent, dialdehyde hardener, organic antifoggant, sulfite antioxidant, buffer, and sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of oligomeric carboxylic acid substituted hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method for processing a first black-and-white silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a hydrazine compound and a second black-and-white silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a tetrazolium compound is disclosed, a photographic layer on the side of a silver halide emulsion layer of each material containing gelatin in an amount of not more than 3.0 g per m.sup.2 of the material, and the process comprising the step of exposing the light-sensitive materials and developing the exposed materials with the same developer having a pH of from 9.5 to 10.7, the developer being replenished with developer replenisher in an amount of not more than 250 cc per m.sup.2 of the light-sensitive materials to be developed.

Abstract: There is described a concentrated photographic silver halide developing solution which comprises from 50 to 150 g/liter of an ascorbic acid type compound of the general formula I: ##STR1## or alkali metal salts thereof, in which the group R represents a hydroxylated alkyl group, and at least one basic compound the anion of which is carbonate, sulphite or hydroxide of which the cation is an alkali metal, especially sodium or potassium, the total sodium to total potassium ion ratio in the concentrated developing solution being from about 50:50 to 0:100 (mole: mole).Preferably the concentrated solution is entirely aqueous but it may comprise a proportion of water-miscible organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol, or glycol solvents.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of processing an image-wise exposed silver halide photographic material wherein said method comprises the following steps:(a) developing the photographic material for 5 to 15 seconds in an aqueous developing solution,(b) fixing the photographic material for 5 to 15 seconds in an aqueous fixing solution, and(c) washing the photographic material for 5 to 20 seconds,wherein both said developing and fixing solutions are free of gelatin hardeners.The method is particularly intended for use in processing radiographic films which:comprise a support and silver halide emulsion layer or layers, at least one of said silver halide emulsion layers containing tabular silver halide grains having an average diameter to thickness ratio of at least 3:1 and highly deionized gelatin, andshow a swelling index lower than 140% and a melting time of from 45 to 120 minutes.The method shows the advantages of lower environmental pollution and shorter processing times.

Abstract: A concentrated composition of color developer for silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed. The composition is excellent in stability during storage for a long period. The composition comprises a specified hydroxyamine derivative and a specific chelating agent. The composition preferably has a pH value of not lower than 10.6.

Abstract: A photographic processing composition containing at least one compound represented by formula ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group; and L.sub.1 represents an alkylene group or an arylene group. Also disclosed a processing composition for a silver halide color photographic material containing a metal chelate compound formed from a compound represented by formula (I) and a metal salt selected from salts of Fe(III), Mn(III), Co(III), Rh(II), Rh(III), Au(III), Au(II) and Ce(IV). A method is also disclosed for processing a silver halide photographic material with the processing compositions.

Abstract: A photographic processing composition containing at one compoud represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, or an aromatic group, L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 each represents a divalent bonding group including an alkylene group and/or an arylene group; X represents a ##STR2## group (wherein R.sub.a, R.sub.b and R.sub.c each represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group or an aromatic group, and R.sub.d represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group); and Y represents a carboxy group, a hydroxy group, a phosphono group, a sulfo group or a salt thereof. The processing composition does not produce precipitate or sludge even when contaminated by metallic ions. A processing method using the processing composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of processing a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material subjected to imagewise exposure, substantially through a color developing step, a bleach-fixing step and a stabilizing step in this order, wherein at least one layer of the light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material comprises a silver halide containing not less than 80 mol % of silver chloride, the washing-substitutive stabilizing step is carried out in a processing time of not more than 45 seconds, and a washing-substitutive stabilizing solution used in the washing-substitutive stabilizing step has a salt concentration of at least 1,000 ppm. Disclosed are also a washing-substitutive stabilizing solution and a kit of a stabilizer used for the method of this invention.

Abstract: A method of processing with a developer a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, the material comprising a support and provided thereon, a silver halide emulsion layer comprising silver halide grains having not less than 90 mol % chloride, the emulsion layer or a hydrophilic colloid layer adjacent to the emulsion layer containing a tetrazolium compound, or a hydrazine derivative, and replenisher for developer being supplied to the developer in an amount of not more than 200 ml per m.sup.2 of the material processed, wherein the developer contains a carbonate salt in an amount of not less than 0.2 mol/liter.