Abstract: A resist composition that contains a base material component exhibiting changed solubility in a developing solution under action of acid and a compound (D0) represented by General Formula (d0), in which R01, R02, R03, and R04 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group; alternatively, R01 and R02, R02 and R03, or R03 and R04 are bonded to each other to form an aromatic ring; R05 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; Y represents a group that forms an alicyclic group together with a carbon atom *C; provided that at least one of the carbon atoms that form the alicyclic group is substituted with an ether bond, a thioether bond, a carbonyl group, a sulfinyl group, or a sulfonyl group; m represents an integer of 1 or more, and Mm+ represents an m-valent organic cation.

Abstract: A wiring structure includes a main body, a first dielectric layer, a first circuit layer and a second dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer is disposed on the main body, and defines a plurality of first grooves and at least one receiving portion between two first grooves. The first circuit layer is disposed on the first dielectric layer, and includes at least one first conductive trace disposed on the receiving portion. A width of the first conductive trace is less than a width of the receiving portion. A second dielectric layer disposed on the first dielectric layer, and extends into the first grooves.

Abstract: A turn signal control system for use with a right turn signal and a left turn signal of a motor vehicle and a vehicle navigation system is provided. The turn signal system includes a processor configured to be operably coupled to the vehicle navigation system. The processor is configured to receive map data and route data from the vehicle navigation system. The processor is configured to determine a turn zone of the vehicle based on a set of criteria. A turn signal controller is operably coupled to the processor and configured to activate one of the right and left turn signals when the vehicle is in the turn zone. A method of controlling a right and left turn signal is also provided.

Abstract: An embodiment of the method of forming a pattern, comprises (a) forming a chemically amplified resist composition into a film, (b) exposing the film to light, and (c) processing the exposed film with an organic processing liquid, wherein the processing liquid contains an organic solvent whose normal boiling point is 175° C. or higher, the organic solvent being contained in the processing liquid in a content of less than 30 mass %.

Abstract: We have traced the detachment of photoresist during development of patterned features in the range of about 90 nm and smaller to a combination of the reduced “foot print” of the pattern on the underlying substrate and to the contact angle between the underlying substrate surface and the developing reagent. By maintaining a contact angle of about 30 degrees or greater, the detachment of the photoresist from the underlying substrate can be avoided for photoresists including feature sizes in the range of about 90 nm. We have achieved an increased contact angle between the DARC surface and a water-based CAR photoresist developer while simultaneously reducing CAR poisoning by treating the surface of the DARC after film formation.

Abstract: A plate-making method includes: exposing a lithographic printing plate precursor with laser; and rubbing a surface of the exposed lithographic printing plate precursor with a rubbing member in the presence of a developer having pH of from 2 to 11 and containing a water-soluble polymer compound to remove the protective layer and an unexposed area of the photosensitive layer, the lithographic printing plate precursor includes, in the following order, a hydrophilic support, a photosensitive layer containing a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable compound, a sensitizing dye and a binder polymer and a protective layer, and the water-soluble polymer compound is a vinyl copolymer containing a monomer unit having at least one functional group capable of interacting with a surface of the support and a monomer unit having at least one hydrophilic group which is different from the functional group capable of interacting with a surface of the support.

Abstract: Silver halide color photographic elements having multiple color imaging layers contain a permanent, pre-formed magenta dye that is present in an amount to provide a status M green density greater than 0.005 per mg/m2. This dye provides minimum density at lower cost and enables lower dye levels and a reduced organic load that may lead to improved film physical properties.

Abstract: Silver halide color photographic elements having multiple color imaging layers contain a permanent, pre-formed yellow colorant that is present in an amount to provide a status M blue density greater than 0.003 per mg/m2. This colorant provides minimum density at lower cost and can be incorporated with minimal or no organic solvents and thus enable a reduced organic load that may lead to improved film physical properties.

Abstract: The invention provides a color photographic element comprising at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer or a non silver-containing light-insensitive layer, in which at least one of these layers contains a colorless imidazole compound of formula (I) that undergoes less than 10% chemical or redox reaction with oxidized developer and which enables the photographic speed of the element to be increased by at least 0.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material, having at least one each of blue-, green-, and red-sensitive emulsion layers containing yellow, magenta, and cyan couplers, respectively, on a support; wherein said blue-sensitive emulsion layer contains at least one coupler of formula (I); and wherein the light-sensitive material satisfies expression a-1) and/or b-1): wherein, Q forms a 5- to 7-membered ring with the —N?C—N(R1)—; R1 and R2 each are a substituent; m is 0 to 5; and X is a hydrogen atom, or a coupling split-off group; 0.5?Dmax(UV)/Dmin(UV)?1.1: ??a-1) wherein Dmax(UV)/Dmin(UV) is the smallest of the value in a wavelength range of 340 to 450 nm; 1300?(B?C)/A?20000: ??b-1) wherein B is yellow Dmax, C is yellow Dmin; and A is an amount mol/m2 of the coupler of formula (I).

Abstract: A method for forming color images comprising subjecting a silver halide color photosensitive material to a development processing in the presence of a compound (A) defined below, wherein the silver halide color photosensitive material having a blue-sensitive unit, a green-sensitive unit and a red-sensitive unit, each of which comprises at least one silver halide emulsion layer, and at least one non-light-sensitive layer on a support, compound (A): a heterocyclic compound having one or two hetero atoms, the heterocyclic compound being capable of increasing speed of the silver halide color photosensitive material by the presence thereof in comparison to the case where the heterocyclic compound is absent.

Abstract: We disclose methods of sorting or separating mixtures of living cells (e.g., eukaryotic, prokaryotic, mammalian, pathogenic, bacterial, viral, etc.). We perform our methods by activating cell-selective photophoric labels, which photosensitize and chemically reduce a photosensitive metal compound to form metal grains, particles or crystals. The metal adheres to the cells and forms the basis for sorting or separating different cell types. Photophoric labels may include chemiluminescent agents such as peroxidase enzymes activated with peroxidase substrates capable of luminescence. Photosensitive metal compounds may be present in a light-sensitive matrix or emulsion containing photosensitizable metal compounds, which form metal grains, particles or crystals upon exposure to a developer solution. Developer solutions are formulated to substantially allow living cells to remain viable after exposure to the developing solution.

Abstract: A carrier coating that may be used to coat carrier particles, including a specific additive that imparts the coating with superior storage stability and wherein the carrier coating includes an acrylic-based polymeric powder obtained from an emulsion of an acrylic-based polymer, a surfactant, a cationic initiator, and a conductive filler.

Abstract: A method of forming color image, comprising processing a silver halide color photosensitive material with a development processing solution containing a color developing agent, the silver halide color photosensitive material comprising a support and, superimposed thereon, a blue-sensitive layer unit composed of at least one silver halide emulsion layer, a green-sensitive layer unit composed of at least two silver halide emulsion layers, a red-sensitive layer unit composed of at least two silver halide emulsion layers and at least one non-light-sensitive layer, wherein the development processing solution or processing solution applied to the silver halide color photosensitive material before the use of the development processing solution contains compound (A), the compound (A) being a heterocyclic compound having three or more heteroatoms which when added, is capable of substantially enhancing the sensitivity of the silver halide color photosensitive material as compared with that exhibited when not added.

Abstract: There is disclosed a polymer containing at least a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1), and the resist composition containing the polymer as a base resin, especially a chemically amplified resist composition.

Abstract: A coating liquid for photothermographic materials excellent in photographing performance with high sensitivity and reduced fogging and having satisfactory surface conditions is produced. A silver halide particle feeding solution is added and mixed in a mother liquid of coating liquid during a time period between the instant 30 minutes before a substrate is coated with the produced coating liquid by a coating head and the instant just before the coating is started, and in addition, an in-plant mixer is configured such that a mixing container has an inner surface of a spherical shape, an oblate-spherical shape or a prolate-spherical shape so that a mixing blade forms a mixing area in proximity to any part of the inner surface of the mixing container when a rotation axis supporting the mixing blade is driven in a reciprocal manner, whereby the mixing performance of the in-plant mixer is significantly improved.

Abstract: A method for removing organic material in the fabrication of structures includes providing a substrate assembly having an exposed organic material and removing at least a portion of the exposed organic material using a composition including sulfur trioxide (SO3) in a supercritical state. For example, the exposed organic material may be selected from the group of resist material, photoresist residue, UV-hardened resist, X-ray hardened resist, carbon-fluorine containing polymers, plasma etch residues, and organic impurities from other processes. Further, organic material removal compositions for performing such methods are provided.

Abstract: An image-forming method comprising:

Abstract: Alkaline photoresist stripping compositions containing a reducing agent to reduce or inhibit metal corrosion are disclosed. Reducing agents include compounds containing reactive multiple bonds, hydrazine and derivatives thereof, oximes, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, gallic acid and esters thereof, tocopherol, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid, BHT, BHA, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethyl-phenol, thiols, salicylaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and glycol aldehyde dialkylacetals.

Abstract: A method for carrying out positive tone lithography with a carbon dioxide solvent system is carried out by (a) providing a substrate having a polymer resist layer formed thereon; (b) exposing at least one portion of the polymer resist layer to radiant energy to form at least one light field region in the polymer resist layer; and then (c) contacting the polymer resist layer to a carbon dioxide solvent system, the solvent system preferably comprising a polar group, under conditions in which the at least one light field region is preferentially removed.

Abstract: A process of forming a resist image in a microelectronic substrate, the process comprises the steps of: (a) providing a substrate having a polymer coating thereon, wherein the polymer is insoluble in water having a pH less than or equal to a specified pH (e.g., 7.0, 6, 5, or 4); then (b) imagewise exposing the coating to radiation such that exposed and unexposed coating portions are formed, with said exposed coating portions being soluble in water having a pH less than or equal to said specified pH7.0; and then (c) contacting said coating to a developing composition comprising carbon dioxide and water, said water having a specified pH less than or equal to 7.0 (and preferably a pH of about 2 or 3 to 4, 5 or 6; i.e. a specified pH less than or equal to 6, 5, or 4), so that said exposed coating portions are preferentially removed from the substrate as compared to said unexposed coating portions to form an image thereon.

Abstract: A photographic processing composition, containing at least one compound of formula (I) or (II):

Abstract: The present invention is a liquid processing composition for a color development of a silver halide color photographic material, which comprises: at least one specific compound; at least one glycol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol; and at least one polyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 2,000, and a development processing method using the same.

Abstract: A process for removing stain in a photographic material is described which process comprises incorporation of at least one compound of the formula (I) 1

Abstract: This invention describes photopolymer printing plate developing solvents comprising diisopropylbenzene, alone or in combination with one or more co-solvents. Compared with solvents of the prior art, the developing solvents of the present invention have lower toxicity, higher flash points, a milder and more pleasant odor, increased resistance to thermal decomposition, higher solvency, faster dry time, and pose reduced threat to the environment. The solvents of the present invention can exhibit azeotropic-like properties resulting in improved recycling characteristics and reduced drying times. Also, the solvents of the present invention exhibit a degree of selective solvency towards non-crosslinked photopolymers vs. crosslinked photopolymers that is not seen in solvents of the prior art.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing amplified negative resist structures in which, following exposure and contrasting of the resist in a developing step, the resist structure is simultaneously developed and aromatized. This substantially simplifies the production of amplified resist structures. Amplifying agents used include compounds having not only a reactive group for the attachment to the anchor group of the polymer, but also at least one aromatic group.

Abstract: The present invention provides an overcoat for a photographic element that allows for appropriate diffusion of photographic processing solutions. The overcoat comprises 10 to 50% by weight of a enzyme-degradable biopolymer and 50 to 90% by weight of hydrophobic particles (by weight of dry laydown of the entire overcoat). An enzyme is applied to the element before, during, or after conventional photoprocessing. According to one embodiment of the invention, the photographic element can be exposed and processed using normal photofinishing equipment, with no modifications, to provide an imaged element together with a protective, water-resistant layer.

Abstract: A single-part, single-phase liquid color developer concentrate for color photographic development having at least one color developing agent of p-phenylenediamine or a derivative or salt thereof, an aqueous solution containing one or more organic solvents in a weight ratio of water to the organic solvent greater than or equal to about 60:40, a molar ratio of [Na+]/[K+] of at least about 1:2, preferably at least about 2:1, and/or a molar ratio of the organic solvent of Formula (I) to a free base of the p-phenylendiamine or p-phenylendiamine derivative is from about 3:1 to about 30:1 is described. The color developer concentrate is simple to manufacture, stable, compact, easy to use, has good water solubility upon dilution, minimizes mixing errors, and can be used with a very low replenishment rate. A method for processing image-wise exposed photographic color silver halide emulsions using the single-part, single-phase liquid color developer concentrate is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing a pattern on a substrate for use in a metal lift-off process, the process comprising: 1) coating a substrate with a liquid positive photoresist; 2) soft baking the coated substrate; 3) contacting the substrate with an aqueous alkaline developer containing from about 0.005 volume percent to about 0.05 volume percent of an alkylene glycol alkyl ether; 4) placing a patterned mask over the substrate; 5) exposing the substrate through the mask; 6) post exposure baking the substrate; 7) optionally, flood exposing the substrate; and 8) developing the substrate with an aqueous alkaline developer. The invention also relates to a novel developer solution of an ammonium hydroxide containing from about 0.005 volume percent to about 0.5 volume percent of an alkylene glycol alkyl ether and to a process for producing such a novel developer solution.

Abstract: Disclosed are a phosphor pattern which comprises a calcination product of a phosphor pattern precursor containing

Abstract: Alkaline photoresist stripping compositions containing reducing agent to reduce or inhibit metal corrosion. Reducing agents include compounds containing reactive multiple bonds, hydrazine and derivatives thereof, oximes, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, gallic acid and esters thereof, tocopherol, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid, BHT, BHA, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethyl-phenol, thiols, salicylaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and glycol aldehyde dialkylacetals.

Abstract: An electron accepting developer useful for producing visible images by reaction with an electron donor in carbonless paper and photo-imaging systems, the developer comprising an acid-treated, water insoluble alkali metal-modified, inorganic oxide or an acid-treated molecular sieve.

Abstract: An aqueous solution for developing a silver halide photographic product comprises an alkanolamine in an amount greater than or equal to 0.6 mol/l, at least one wetting agent that is stable at a high pH and miscible in said developing solution, a developing agent capable of reducing the silver ions, and a quaternary ammonium salt having the following formula wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aromatic carbocyclic group or heterocyclic group that can contain one or more nitrogen atoms, or R1 and R2 together, or R1, R2 and R3 together represent the atoms or bonds necessary for forming a ring with the nitrogen atom, having 5 or 6 atoms in the ring, and X is an anion.

Abstract: Low silver black-and-white photographic elements, such as radiographic films, can be processed quickly using a two-stage process in which black-and-white development is carried out in the first stage for up to 30 seconds, and such development continues along with fixing in the second stage for up to 60 seconds when a fixing composition is added. Both stages are carried out in the same processing container.

Abstract: Black-and-white elements, such as radiographic films, can be processed in roomlight because the developing composition includes a water-soluble colorant. Such colorants are water-soluble dyes that have a maximum absorption wavelength of from about 350 to about 500 nm. Processing is carried out by processing the exposed element using a two-stage process in the same processing container. In the first stage, development is initiated with an opaque developing composition having a pH of from about 10 to about 12.5, and comprising an appropriate black-and-white developing agent, a yellow colorant, and a sulfite. After an appropriate time, a fixing agent (other than a sulfite) is introduced into the processing container to begin simultaneous development and fixing. The entire process in quite rapid, that is less than 90 seconds.

Abstract: The object is to provide a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material containing a developing agent which can effect color developing reaction efficiently with a known coupler without being restricted by the kind of the coupler. Namely, the present invention is a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least one layer comprising at least one compound represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein, R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 represent a hydrogen atom or substituent, A represents a hydroxyl group or substituted amino group, X represents a di- or higher valent connecting group selected from --CO--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 -- and --PO<, Y represents a bivalent connecting group, Z represents a group which is nucleophilic and can attack X when the present compound is oxidized, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be linked each other to form a ring, respectively.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of conductive polymers which comprises (a) mixing at least one monomer with at least one conductive component, solvent, at least one polymerization initiator, and an optional chain transfer component; (b) effecting solution polymerization by heating; (c) removing said solvent by azeotropic distillation in an aqueous phase to generate a mixture of polymer and conductive component; (d) drying and grinding the resulting mixture; thereafter dissolving the product resulting in at least one monomer, at least one initiator, and at least one crosslinking component, and an optional chain transfer agent to form an organic phase; (e) mixing said organic phase with a second aqueous phase comprised of water, stabilizer, and an alkali halide; (f) polymerizing the resulting suspension by heating; and (g) subsequently optionally washing and drying the polymeric product, and which product is comprised of polymer and conductive component dispersed therein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming color images by processing in a short period of time color photographic materials containing at least one oil-soluble coupler with a color developer which does not substantially contain benzyl alcohol, wherein a silver halide color photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a reflective support, the emulsion layer containing a dispersion of oleophilic fine grains having a mean grain size of 0.25 .mu.m or less, which contain a coupler capable of forming a dye after having been coupled with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent, and at least one high boiling organic solvent having a dielectric constant of 4.00 or more (25.degree. C., 10 KHz). The photographic material is imagewise exposed and then subjected to development with a color developer which contains an aromatic primary amine developing agent but does not substantially contain benzyl alcohol for 2 minutes and 30 seconds or less.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel magenta coupler of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and are selected from H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, alkylthio, carboxylic acid or ester, primary or secondary amido, sulphonamido, mono or disubstituted amino, alkoxy or aryloxy; andX is H or a group capable of being released on oxidative coupling with a colour coupler.These magenta couplers do not have secondary dye absorptions in the blue region of the spectrum which leads to a better colour reproduction and are readily and economically synthesized.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid color developer suitable for silver halide color photosensitive material, preferably for a silver halide color photosensitive material having a magnetic recording layer on a support, wherein the developer comprises a single solution containing at least one compound represented by the following formula (I) and having specific gravity of from 1.05 to 1.13; and a processing method using the aforementioned liquid color developer:HO--N(R)--L--A (I)wherein L represents an unsubstituted or substituted alkylene group; A represents a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, a phosphono group, a hydroxy group, or an unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted amino group; and R represents a hydrogen atom, or an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon at least two light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers, the lowermost light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and/or a light-insensitive layer adjacent thereto containing a compound represented by formula (D): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a substituent connecting to the benzene ring through a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 may be combined to form a ring, R.sup.7 represents a hydrogen atom or forms=(T).sub.m S together with -(T).sub.m S, T represents a timing group, m represents an integer of 0 to 3 and S represents a protective group eliminated at the development.

Abstract: Provided is a color photographic material excellent in discrimination and color reproducibility, which has a support and at least a light-sensitive silver halide, a binder, a coupler and a coupling developing agent provided thereon, and at least three light-sensitive emulsion layers having spectral sensitivities in different wavelength regions, respectively, in which at least two different coupling development agents are contained in different light-sensitive emulsion layers.

Abstract: The invention relates to an emulsion comprising silver halide grains, said grains being tabular and comprising sensitizing dye(s) and silver salt epitaxial deposits, and addenda that includea tetraazaindene and a hexose reductone represented by Formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different, and may represent H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or an alkyl group with a solubilizing group such as --OH, sulfonamide, sulfamoyl, or carbamoyl. Alternatively, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be joined to complete a heterocyclic ring such as aziridinyl, azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, or pyridinyl, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are H, OH, alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, or may together represent an alkylidene group, n is 0,1, or 2 and R.sub.3 is H, alkyl, aryl, or CO.sub.2 R.sub.6 where R.sub.6 is alkyl.

Abstract: The invention provides a multicolor photographic element comprising a support bearing at least two silver halide emulsion layers having different sensitivities to blue light, a silver halide emulsion layer sensitive to green light, and a silver halide emulsion layer sensitive to red light, wherein:(1) the element comprises a compound of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently represent H, an alkyl group or an aryl group, provided that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be joined to form a ring;R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, aryl, and acyl groups;R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, OH, alkyl, and aryl groups;n is 1 or 2;and(2) the silver halide emulsion layer of the element that is most sensitive to blue light contains a silver halide grain population such that from 3 to 20 wt % of the total silver halide grains in the emulsion layer have a size (equivalent circular diameter) less than 0.2 micrometers.

Abstract: A color image forming method is disclosed, comprising developing a silver halide photographic material and bleach and/or fixing the photographic material, wherein the color image is formed in the presence of a dextran. The dextran may be incorporated in the photographic material or a processing solution.

Abstract: There is described a photographic developing solution which comprises as an image toning agent a compound of formula I: ##STR1## where Ar is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring which may be substituted, in a concentration of at least 0.00035 moles/liter.

Abstract: A novel inorganic composition for developing silver halide photographic products has improved stability in air. The composition comprises at least one oxidizable metallic ion, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and at least one additional complexing agent of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, or a hydroxyalkyl group, R.sup.3 is --COOM wherein M is hydrogen or a counter-ion such as lithium, sodium or potassium, or --CONR.sup.4 R.sup.5 wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and n, p and q are independently 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: An image forming method is disclosed, comprising exposing a silver halide photographic material through a transparent, high definition-screening original and developing the photographic material with a developer to form a halftone dot image, wherein:the photographic material forms a halftone dot image having a dot area of 57% or less when exposed, through the transparent original comprising a halftone dot image having a dot area of 50%, in two times an amount that gives a halftone dot having a dot area of 50%; and the photographic material has a maximum density of 3.0 or more and a contrast of 8.0 or more;and wherein the photographic material is exposed to light having an emission peak at a wavelength of 360 to 450 nm and developed with a developer having a pH of 10.5 or less.

Abstract: An image-forming method comprising processing an imagewise exposed silver halide photographic material for a laser scanner comprising a transparent support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprising a silver halide emulsion having a silver chloride content of .gtoreq.90 mol % spectrally sensitized to a range of .gtoreq.600 nm. Processing comprises developing in a developing bath and fixing in a fixing bath, wherein the photographic material contains one or both of a conductive metal oxide and a conductive polymer; the developing bath and the fixing bath are each replenished in an amount of .ltoreq.200 ml per m.sup.2 of the photographic material processed; the processing is carried out in an automatic developing machine. Further, an image-forming method, wherein the photographic material contains a polyoxyethylene nonionic surface active agent and a fluorine-containing surface active agent each having a solubility of .ltoreq.0.

Abstract: A non-hydroquinone photographic developer composition comprising: (a) a developer selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid and sugar-type derivatives thereof, or alkali metal salts and mixtures thereof, in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4 mol/liter (mol/l); (b) an effective amount of an auxiliary developing agent comprising a 3-pyrazolidone compound, an aminophenol or a mixture thereof; (c) an alkali metal sulfite in an amount less than or equal to 0.32 mol/l; (d) an alkali metal carbonate in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4 mol/l; (e) an alkali metal hydroxide in an amount of from 0.08 to 2.0 mols/l; (f) with the developer composition having a pH of 11.8 or higher at 25° C.