Abstract: An improved diazotype photoprinting material of high printing speed and its method of preparation are disclosed. The improvement is achieved by distributing through the film coating a substantially uniform distribution of sites having a refractive index substantially different from that of the remainder of the coating. The sites consist of either voids or finely divided solids. Voids are created by contacting the film coating with an aqueous fluid at elevated temperature or an organic solvent for a sufficient period of time to cause a measurable haze to appear on the film. The sites operate to reflect or refract incident light rays during imagewise exposure, and thus increase the optical path length through a given thickness of film.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ablative infrared-sensitive optical recording composition containing as a component thereof a dispersion of a resinous binder and a soluble naphthalocyanine of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl groups containing from about 4 carbon atoms to about 8 carbon atoms, and M is two hydrogen atoms, a divalent, trivalent, or tetravalent metal complex.

Abstract: Imaging films and film-forming compositions are provided which include a reducible tellurium compound, a reductant precursor, a source of labile hydrogen incorporated in a matrix. The reductant precursors are of the formulae ##STR1## where Y.sub.1 is alkoxy, Y.sub.2 is chloro or alkoxy and Y.sub.3 is hydrogen, chloro or alkoxy.Methods are provided for synthesizing the reductant precursors.

Abstract: Imaging compositions employing a tellurium compound, a reductant precursor, a masked reducing agent and a source of labile hydrogen are improved by the inclusion of a base which may be inorganic or organic. Suitable inorganic bases include alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides and ammonium hydroxide. Suitable organic bases include amines and heterocyclic nitrogen atom containing compounds.

Abstract: Improved tellurium imaging films are provided. The improved films are made from a composition that contains a tellurium compound which is reactible with a diol and an alcohol to form an image forming tellurium compound, a reductant precursor, a source of labile hydrogen and a suitable diol and alcohol reactible with the tellurium compound. The improved films exhibit increased speed or other advantages. The preferred alcohol is n-butanol.

Abstract: A photographic image-processing method which is capable of obtaining, from negative and positive films having an image whose density is in continuous gradation, a linear image representing the contour of that image. This method comprises the step of sandwiching a light scattering film between the negative and positive films in registration, thereby making a mask, and exposing a photographic paper to light at a right angle by way of the mask which is placed on the photographic paper, with a result that the light which passes through the light transmissive portion of the negative film is subjected to course alteration by the scattering film is order to pass through the light transmissive portion of the positive film, with a result that a linear contour image of the original image is formed on the photographic paper.

Abstract: A method for obtaining direct positive images wherein a photographic material having a support and at least two silver halide emulsion layers coated thereon, each layer having a different spectral sensitivity, said emulsions being of the internal latent image type and containing unfogged silver halide crystals, is imagewise exposed and then subjected to an overall area exposure prior to or during the development thereof to form the image. The overall area exposure is such that the photographic intensity ratios between various layers are not more than 6 and the intensity of such overall exposure has a value between light intensities which give 0.8 times the maximum image density of the particular emulsion layer and 10 times that light intensity value.

Abstract: Radiation is directed toward a support through an ordered array of lateral walls to form interlaid radiation-exposed and shadowed microareas on the support. A first composition is then located on the support in either the shadowed or unshadowed microareas. At least one additional composition is then positioned on the support in laterally displaced microareas forming an interlaid pattern with the first microareas.

Abstract: A high pressure mercury arc lamp such as the light source in a projection aligner is utilized in a photo resist calibrating process. The light source is utilized with narrow band interference filters centered on the mercury emission lines to isolate exposures to one narrow band of wave length at a time. The assumption is made (incorrectly) that the energy in each band of wave lengths from the high pressure mercury arc lamp is equal. Exposure to a narrow strip of photo resist--preferably in the form of a bar graph--on a semi-conductor wafer is made. A single wave length band is exposed for each bar of the graph. As each bar of the graph is scanned, exposure is varied in known ways (eg. linearly variable neutral density filters, changing apertures size, and/or varying exposure from changing wafer motion). The wafer is then developed and examined to determine the ratio of sensitivity for each wave length. A light meter is then placed in and exposed to the same high pressure mercury arc lamp.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate is mounted in an electron beam image projector with a mask. The patterned electron beam from the mask comprises a first sub-pattern and a second lower intensity sub-pattern. The difference in the intensities of the two sub-patterns permits the automatic alignment of the patterned electron beam relative to the substrate by detecting when the first sub-pattern is incident on a reference marker pattern on the substrate, while the first and second sub-patterns together expose an electron sensitive layer at the entire area of the reference marker pattern. The part of the layer retained after developing can be used as an etchant mask during the definition of a protective layer or the removal of unwanted material from the entire area of the reference marker pattern depending on whether the layer is a negative or a positive electron sensitive material.

Abstract: A bidirectional mechanical power coupler between power input and output means provides a firm connection in one direction and a resilient coupling in the opposite direction, particularly operable immediately after a rapid reversal of the mechanical drive direction. The coupler interconnects a common power source in a copier/duplicator with a reciprocating carriage for original document scanning. It is preferably implemented with a single pulley of coaxial hubs with an interposing arm extending from one hub into a spring-retaining groove in another hub.

Abstract: A chalcogenide such as As.sub.2 S.sub.3 is coated on a substrate at a very low rate of deposition in a vacuum evaporator and is coated with a thin silver layer. The silver coated layer is exposed to illumination in a quantity insufficient to form an etchable layer by conventional techniques and the silver is increased by treatment with a silver-containing agent capable of depositing silver on the image, preferably in the presence of radiation. NaAgSO.sub.3 is a presently preferred agent. The resulting image-bearing layer is photo-doped by exposure to band-gap radiation and the member is then etched.

Abstract: A conveying mechanism and flexible carrier for transporting a planar printing plate and flexible overlying mask from a flat loading station to a precisely-curved cylindrically-shaped scanning station, and back to the flat loading station, is disclosed. The vacuum carrier used is rigid in one axis and flexible in a second axis, and has a pair of reference strips which define a neutral bending axis for the plate and mask when the latter are wrapped around a pair of precisely machined cylindrical discs. By locating the flexible mask and printing plate outside the neutral axis of bending, both are placed in tension when wrapped around the discs. This maintains uniform contact between the plate and mask and prevents wrinkling of the mask as it overlies the plate.The carrier and discs support the plate and mask within a precise and uniform cylindrical plane for scanning with focussed beams of radiation.

Abstract: A photographic element comprising a plurality of layers (e.g., three) of light sensitive emulsions arranged one on top of the other and based on a support, each of the emulsions comprising a coupler, a silver halide compound and a sensitization promoter which is transformed into a sensitizer by thermal, photo- or electro-sensitization. Novel processes of color photography and spectral sensitization of color photography emulsions are also disclosed. Furthermore, cameras having means to activate the sensitization promoters in the emulsions are provided.

Abstract: This application relates to an imaging composition employing a tellurium compound sensitive to activating radiation. Such imaging compositions have been disclosed in a number of earlier patents, such as U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,142,896, 4,066,460 and 4,106,939. This application discloses improvements in masked reducing agents for such compositions.

Abstract: In forming a fluorescent screen for a color picture tube having triads of phosphor materials of the three primary colors arranged in a predetermined pattern on the inner surface of a panel, a photosensitive film which exhibits stickiness when exposed to a threshold amount of light is formed on the inner surface of the panel. Locations of the photosensitive film where the three color phosphor materials respectively occupy are exposed to light from a light source through a shadow mask mounted to the panel. The amount of exposure light for a first color phosphor material is the threshold or above and that for second and third phosphor materials is below the threshold. After completion of the light exposures for the first to third color phosphor materials through the shadow mask, the shadow mask is dismounted from the panel and the first color phosphor material is deposited onto the photosensitive film.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of producing an image of an original multi-color subject in polychromatic glass by employing, as a mask during initial exposure of the glass, a continuous tone, ultra-violet transmitting, film negative in which each color in the original subject is recorded in terms of a unique film density corresponding to that color in the glass and capable of conditioning the glass for development of such color by transmission of a single predetermined exposure flux. Methods of preparing the mask are also disclosed.

Abstract: An X-ray transparent mask (51) is comprised of a support ring (42) with a planar substrate stabilizer (41) thereon, the stabilizer having a plurality of apertures (43) therethrough, arranged in a "checkerboard" fashion. A thin X-ray transparent mask substrate (52) is placed over the stabilizer. (41), the substrate having X-ray absorptive metallized patterns (53) thereon which are aligned with the apertures (43). The mask (51) is positioned proximate a semiconductor wafer (56) having a photoresist coating (30) thereon. X-rays (14) are directed at the photoresist coating (30) through the apertures (43) to selectively expose the coating. The mask (51) is then indexed one aperture position and the remaining portion of coating (30) is exposed to the X-rays (14).

Abstract: A method of enhancing photographic images of low optical density is disclosed which includes use of a luminescent system, the components of which system include, at least, photoluminescent material and a source of photons for exciting the same to luminescence. A photoluminescent replica of the low optical density photographic image is produced which replica is exposed to photons required for luminescence of the photoluminescent image replica which luminescence is recorded, or photographed, for an amount of time necessary to achieve enhancement of the photographic film image. The image enhancement method may be used for the enhancement of photographic images produced by photographic processes including, for example, those which involve the use of different radiant energy sensitive material such as silver halide as used in `conventional` photography, photoconductive material as used in electrophotography, organic compounds as used in diazo photographic processes, and the like.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for manufacturing a seamless printing roll. A liquid photosensitive resin is applied to the space between a process cylinder and a rigid plate which is transparent to actinic light. Relative movement is provided between the cylinder and the plate perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, while the cylinder is rotated in synchronization with the relative movement of the rigid plate to evenly spread the photosensitive resin. The photosensitive resin is simultaneously exposed in the space between the cylinder and rigid plate.

Abstract: In a halftone printing system, halftone positive prints are made directly from gray scale photographic negatives by an enlarger apparatus which shines a beam of light through the negative and focuses an image of the negative on a sheet of high contrast photographic printing paper through a halftone screen. A secondary light source is provided to irradiate the printing paper to provide satisfactory halftone representation of the gray scale. The positive halftone prints are assembled with cold type from which a negative is made. From the negative, a printing plate is then made.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of producing an image of an original multi-color subject in polychromatic glass by employing as a masking means, during initial exposure of the glass, high contrast film positives embodying the subject in the form of half tone transparencies. Preparation of the film positives for masking purposes is also described.

Abstract: A method of relief imaging liquids, particularly in manufacturing circuit boards, by providing a film of liquid photopolymer, solidifying the liquid by chemical hardening using actinic light, then pattern exposing the solidified film to actinic light to differentially chemically condition the film and then removing the portions of the film not exposed to the patterened exposure of actinic light. Also the product produced by the method.

Abstract: A rotating diaphragm is used to distribute a predetermined amount of light onto a light-sensitive phosphor layer on a glass faceplate in order to obtain sharp-edged phosphor stripes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for exposing a section of photographic medium such that it exhibits an incremental gradient in optical density across an area of the medium. A source of radiant energy is located in a container, which container is covered by a ground glass plate. This plate is covered by an opaque sheet, which sheet contains a narrow aperture. This sheet is covered by a second ground glass plate, such that the edge of the second plate overlies the edge of the aperture. A camera is focused on the surface of the opaque sheet. A portion of the light from the light source is diffused through the edge of the second plate and reflected toward the camera from the surface of the opaque sheet, causing the resultant image captured on the medium when the camera is activated to show a change in optical density with respect to the distance from the image on the medium of the edge of the second plate.

Abstract: A phosphor-containing layer (2) deposited on the glass faceplate (1) of a color-picture tube is hardened by exposure to light in two steps in order to obtain an amount of light varying from point to point on the glass faceplate and to realize sharp-edged phosphor strips having only slight width variations. In the first step, the main portion of the amount of light required to harden the layer is allowed to fall on the layer without affecting the position-dependent light distribution, and in the second step the layer is exposed essentially to the position-dependent amount of light required to complete the necessary total amount of light.

Abstract: This application discloses an imaging composition employing a tellurium compound sensitive to activating radiation. Such imaging compositions have been disclosed in a number of earlier patents, such as U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,142,896, 4,066,460 and 4,106,939. This application discloses improvements in the foregoing imaging compounds employing glycerol ethers or glycerol thioethers of the formulaR.sup.7 --X--CH.sub.2 CHOH--CH.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing a relief original information carrier is disclosed comprising the steps of exposing a recording layer mounted on a carrier to a grating pattern, image-wise exposing the recording layer through at least one of individual color separation originals to form relief part-images and developing the exposed recording layer. The grating pattern exposure is made for a time sufficient to provide, upon subsequent development, a uniform relief depth corresponding to a certain predetermined color. The subsequent image-wise exposure is made utilizing individual color separation originals which are transparent in the areas of the particular projection colors of the individual color separation originals and which form relief part-images of the projection color which adjoin one another without overlap.

Abstract: An original of an information carrier, and a process of making the carrier is disclosed in which the carrier comprises a layer of carrier material to which a layer of recording material has been applied, which recording layer contains a relief image reproducing the information. The relief image is comprised of a plurality of part-images in one plane, adjoining one another without overlapping, and having superimposed thereon a relief grid of different depths in the areas of the individual relief part-images. At least four relief part-images are utilized corresponding to the projection colors yellow, red, blue-violet and green.

Abstract: Paste-consistency photopolymer is imaged onto printed wiring boards by use of glass exposure plate having opaque image areas which contact portions of the board on which photopolymer is not to be exposed, and having clear areas elevated above the photopolymer surface. A printed wiring board is coated with UV-curable solder mask photopolymer and exposed to a strong UV lamp through the glass plate pressed against the printed wiring board by atmospheric pressure. As the glass plate does not contact the photopolymer, trapped air can escape and the gloss surface of the photopolymer is preserved. A non-collimated light source is used to produce high resolution photopolymer coatings at line speeds of 12 feet per minute. Where opaque and raised images contact printed wiring board, photopolymer there between is extruded sideward to form beneficial areas of increased photopolymer thickness. In addition to solder mask imaging, graphics of several colors can be produced.

Abstract: Additive method of manufacturing metal patterns on synthetic resin substrates, printed circuits in particular. A nuclear image of a desired pattern is obtained by means of a salt of a metal which may occur in more than one valency and a noble metal salt by inactivating the substrate area outside the desired pattern by photo-oxidation by means of exposure to light in the presence of oxygen. The ultimate metal pattern is deposited by electroless metal deposition on the nuclear image.

Abstract: A spot of light is formed upon a photosensitive material which is moved in a scanning direction, and the spot is vibrated to and fro along a vibration direction at a considerable angle to the scanning direction, and the amplitude of vibration, and the center of the vibration path, are controlled so that the spot exposes areas on the photosensitive material which form half-tone dots.

Abstract: A photographic process comprising exposing imagewise a photosensitive layer containing a divalent tin basic salt to actinic rays to form a pattern consisting of non-reducing exposed areas and reducing non-exposed areas and contacting the exposed photo-sensitive layer with a developer capable of forming or erasing color by reduction to thereby form a visible image corresponding to said non-exposed areas or said exposed areas.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a material adapted for imagewise exposure to actinic light comprising a transparent or translucent support having a positive-acting quinone diazide light-sensitive coating composition in direct contact with one surface thereof, the improvement comprising that the surface of said coating in direct contact with said support is substantially photodecomposed, and that a gradient exists in said coating wherein the percentage of undecomposed light-sensitive quinone diazide increases with increasing distance from said support. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the novel material.

Abstract: A dry process high sensitivity imaging film includes a solid, high optical density and substantially opaque film of dispersion imaging material deposited on a substrate. The film of dispersion imaging material comprises a plurality of separate layers of different and substantially mutually insoluble metal components having relatively high melting points and relatively low melting point eutectics, and interfaces between said layers having relatively low melting points.

Abstract: The method entails vibrating the wafer during the exposure of the photoresist in order to eliminate standing waves which occur in layers parallel to the surface of the photoresist layer and which cause alternately exposed and unexposed layers of the photoresist to be present.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a decorative panel having an embossed surface and different degrees of glass corresponding to a pattern, thereby producing a stereoscopic aspect, i.e., the impression of relief and solidity.

Abstract: A laser beam recording member capable of recording information by absorbing the radiation energy of a laser beam to cause a thermal melting deformation and/or evaporation removal at the portion exposed to the laser beam wherein the recording layer is composed of a non-metallic layer mainly composed of S, Se, Te or chalcogenide compounds thereof.

Abstract: A lithographic photosensitive material, suitable for exposure with light from a neon-helium laser, comprising a support having thereon a silver halide emulsion layer containing at least one sensitizing dye represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z and Z.sub.1, which may be the same or different, each represents the non-metal atoms necessary for completing a 5-membered or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic nucleus; R and R.sub.1, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; Q and Q.sub.1 together represent the non-metal atoms necessary for completing a 4-thiazolidinone, 5-thiazolidinone, or 4-imidazolidinone nucleus; L, L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 each represents a methine group; n.sub.1 and n.sub.

Abstract: Copolymers of glycidyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether having pendant epoxy groups, having an inherent viscosity of at least about 0.25, preferably within the range of about 0.25 to about 0.38, and an epoxy equivalent of at least about 0.65 epoxide equivalent per 100 g. of polymer are provided which upon admixture with a radiation-sensitive aryldiazonium salt provide compositions which exhibit improved sensitivity, curing rates and other properties. Articles for recording and storing information from a laser source and other articles such as microfilm are derived from such compositions by subjecting a coated substrate to an energy source of sufficient intensity to decompose the radiation-sensitive catalyst and thus effect polymerization via the epoxy groups of the copolymer.

Abstract: Radiation sensitive negative resists with requisite stability for dry processing of integrated circuits are polymerized from aromatic moieties containing halogen atoms. Halogen-aryl bridging, generally carbonaceous, increases sensitivity to radiation. Exemplary materials, copolymers prepared from aromatic and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) comonomers, are suitable for direct processing of large-scale integrated circuits. While electron beam patterning is contemplated both for direct processing and mask making, radiation such as X-ray and deep u.v. may be used.

Abstract: A print-out image can be produced with certain internally photosensitive silver halide materials by a high intensity exposure to provide a print-out image that is resistant to background print-up under ambient illumination. The photographic silver halide material with which the process is useful comprises photosensitive silver halide grains in which the sensitivity sites where a latent image can be formed on light exposure are predominantly inside the grains. Also, at least one electron-accepting compound having a polarographic reduction potential within the range of about -0.8 volt to about -0.01 volt is required on the photosensitive silver halide in the process. The photosensitive silver halide is imagewise exposed to illumination having an intensity greater than about 3 watts per square centimeter. Following imagewise exposure, a print-out image can be observed; if the exposed element is not exposed to ambient light, the print-out image can be intensified by developing in a surface developer.

Abstract: A marking transfer sheet comprising an imaging layer of pigment, binder and a color-forming, radiation-sensitive component on a carrier film and a process for its use comprising exposing the imaging layer to a pattern of radiation to form a mark, heating the imaging layer until adhesive, and contacting the imaging layer with a support more adherent to the imaging layer than the carrier film; and optionally separating the carrier film from the imaging layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a dry system image producing element comprising a substrate, a thin metal layer and a photosensitive layer. After exposing the element to light through a desired pattern, the photosensitive layer is peeled off to obtain a light barrier pattern made from the metal on the substrate corresponding to the photosensitized portion.

Abstract: A photolithographic plate, method for preparation thereof, and salt compound useful in the preparation, the method involving the treatment of a metallic silver image on a substrate with a homogeneously stable acidic aqueous salt solution comprising a ferricyanide anion for oxidizing the metallic silver and an organic cation capable of forming a water-insoluble, inherently oleophilic complex with oxidized silver, the cation being derived from a protonatable nitrogen-substituted hydrocarbon compound containing a formal imine group therein which is in resonant association with adjacent groups within the hydrocarbon compound.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for reproducing pictorial works, in particular paintings, on a canvas, wood or the like support, by taking a photograph or a flat copy of the original painting, a process wherein said support is prepared by making relief portions therein which correspond to the relief portions of the original painting to be reproduced, and said photograph or flat copy are applied on to said relief support thus prepared.

Abstract: A method for removing photoresist from a substrate. A substrate to be stripped of photoresist is placed in a metal substrate holder or boat which is subsequently loaded into a plasma reactor. The holder is placed in contact with one electrode of the plasma reactor. The plasma reactor is evacuated and a hydrogen bearing gas is injected into the reactor at a rate to maintain the pressure between 0.1 and 10 Torr. The photoresist coated substrate is heated to a temperature between 100.degree. C. and 225.degree. C. Power is applied to the plasma reactor to create a hydrogen plasma which reacts with and removes the photoresist. During the removal operation the reflected power from the reactor is monitored to detect the end point of the plasma-photoresist reaction.

Abstract: In certain types of printing applications (for example optical or magnetic contact printing) wherein it is desired to transfer imagery from a master device to a replicate device, providing and maintaining close contact between the master device and the replicate device poses certain problems. These problems become even more acute if the surfaces to be contacted are of large area. In accordance with the present invention, close contact over even large areas is obtained between a master device and a replicate device by forming a thin and uniform liquid layer between the master and replicate devices, thus producing a vacuum effect which serves to tightly press the master and replicate devices together.

Abstract: A system for producing decorative plates for photoprinting includes forming variously colored translucent wax layers into a laminar bar from which transverse thin sections are cut and mosaicked edge-to-edge on a transparent support, back-lighted and photographed to produce a positive transparency; both pre-sectioning and post sectioning distortions are employed and a matching "open face" disposition pattern provides symmetry.

Abstract: A dry-process imaging film which is sensitive to, and substantially simultaneously imaged and developed by, electromagnetic radiation above a threshold value applied thereto through an imaging mask. The film, in its preferred form, comprises a thin solid continuous, non-particulate film of a dispersion imaging material provided with a thin, flexible, protective overlayer of a polymeric resin. The film of dispersion imaging material is carried or supported on a flexible plastic substrate which may be transparent or light reflective.