Abstract: A carrier coating that may be used to coat carrier particles, including a specific additive that imparts the coating with superior storage stability and wherein the carrier coating includes an acrylic-based polymeric powder obtained from an emulsion of an acrylic-based polymer, a surfactant, a cationic initiator, and a conductive filler.

Abstract: Corner mask portions are provided at four corners of an exposure opening. The corner mask portions are formed by rounding the corners into curves. The quantity of developing solution contained in a developing solution pod is reduced, consequently, it is possible to reduce the thickness of a solution pod section and a trap section.

Abstract: An instant photographic film unit includes a mask sheet having an image frame and two sheets, one of which has a photosensitive layer, laminated and bonded together, and a developing liquid container disposed in a predetermined position for supplying a developing liquid between the two sheets to produce an image. The mask sheet and the two sheets are bonded together in a predetermined laminated state, with at least one of the mask sheet and the two sheets being in the form of a continuous web. The continuous web is cut off into self-developed instant photographic film units of a predetermined length. A predetermined number of instant photographic film units are automatically stacked and placed in a film pack.

Abstract: An image forming assembly and method utilizes a laminate processing sheet. The laminate processing sheet is applied on an emulsion side of an exposed photosensitive film which includes sprocket holes along opposing edges. In a first feature of the present invention, a width of the laminate processing sheet is confined to an image area between the opposing sprocket holes, so as to reduce or eliminate the possibility of processing marks in or around an area of the opposing sprocket holes. In a further feature of the present invention, an absorbing sheet can be applied to the backside of the photosensitive film, to absorb any excess processing or wetting solution that is applied to the photosensitive film. This also aids in reducing or eliminating unwanted processing marks at the sprocket holes or an area in the vicinity of the sprocket holes.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved film assemblage of the self developing type that allows separation of both the pod and trap portions of the film frame, but sealing of the ends of the separated film portions including pod, trap, and image area. The present invention also provides such a film assemblage of the foregoing type whereby further ensuring uniform flow of the processing fluid during the spreading process. A method of manufacturing said film is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved film assemblage of the self-developing type that allows separation of both the pod and trap portions of the film frame, but sealing of the ends of the separated film portions including pod, trap, and image area. The present invention also provides such a film assemblage of the foregoing type whereby further ensuring uniform flow of the processing fluid during the spreading process. A method of manufacturing said film is also provided.

Abstract: An image forming assembly and method utilizes a laminate processing sheet. The laminate processing sheet is applied on an emulsion side of an exposed photosensitive film which includes sprocket holes along opposing edges. In a first feature of the present invention, a width of the laminate processing sheet is confined to an image area between the opposing sprocket holes, so as to reduce or eliminate the possibility of processing marks in or around an area of the opposing sprocket holes In a further feature of the present invention, an absorbing sheet can be applied to the backside of the photosensitive film, to absorb any excess processing or wetting solution that is applied to the photosensitive film. This also aids in reducing or eliminating unwanted processing marks at the sprocket holes or an area in the vicinity of the sprocket holes.

Abstract: There is disclosed a developing processing method and apparatus in which developing processing is carried out with a developing solution being jetted toward an emulsion surface of a photosensitive material from jetting holes of a blowoff chamber. Only one blowoff chamber is disposed in a developing tank and conveying roller sets are disposed at both sides of the blowoff chamber. The photosensitive material is horizontally conveyed above the blowoff chamber by the conveying roller sets. Due to the number of components of the developing processing tank being thus reduced, the apparatus can be made small in size. Positions where the photosensitive material is nipped by the roller sets are located within a processing solution, and therefore, there is no possibility of the photosensitive material being nipped and conveyed in a state in which outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers are wet non-uniformly with the processing solution. As a result, non-uniform processing is prevented.

Abstract: In a developing processing method and apparatus in which developing processing is carried out in such a manner that a processing solution is jetted from jetting holes to an emulsion surface of a photosensitive material, a hole diameter of the jetting holes is set to be 0.5 mm to 0.9 mm. In this case, clogging of the jetting holes does not easily occur and the processing solution can be jetted from the jetting holes stably for a long period of time. Accordingly, non-uniform processing is rarely caused. Intervals between the jetting holes in the transverse direction of the photosensitive material are each in a range of 3.0 mm to 4.5 mm. The jetting holes are disposed in such a manner that jetting holes of adjacent three rows in a direction in which the photosensitive material is conveyed are located at different positions to form a staggered arrangement, and the three rows of jetting holes are formed repeatedly.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved film assemblage of the self-developing type that allows separation of both the pod and trap portions of the film frame, but sealing of the ends of the separated film portions including pod, trap, and image area. The present invention also provides such a film assemblage of the foregoing type whereby further ensuring uniform flow of the processing fluid during the spreading process. A method of manufacturing said film is also provided.

Abstract: After first, second, and third continuous members are bonded to each other in a laminated state, they are cut together to a predetermined length for thereby producing an instant photography film unit. A predetermined number of produced instant photography film units are stacked in a stacking station, and then automatically placed into a film pack in a packaging station. An overall process of manufacturing instant photography film units that are packaged is performed automatically and efficiently.

Abstract: An aqueous solution for developing a silver halide photographic product comprises an alkanolamine in an amount greater than or equal to 0.6 mol/l, at least one wetting agent that is stable at a high pH and miscible in said developing solution, a developing agent capable of reducing the silver ions, and a quaternary ammonium salt having the following formula wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aromatic carbocyclic group or heterocyclic group that can contain one or more nitrogen atoms, or R1 and R2 together, or R1, R2 and R3 together represent the atoms or bonds necessary for forming a ring with the nitrogen atom, having 5 or 6 atoms in the ring, and X is an anion.

Abstract: A thickened processing solution containing inert particles can be used in lamination processing to insure even processing.

Abstract: A method of developing a silver halide photographic material is disclosed. The method comprises a step of supplying a developer to a surface of an exposed silver halide photographic material, which is transferred by at least one pair of rollers, intermittently at least twice wherein an interval time of each supplying is not more than 10 seconds and the amount of developer retained in the light-sensitive material ranges from 50 to 250 ml/m.sup.2 . The method provides a compact developing system, which is free from uneven development with good grainess of the image.

Abstract: A self-developing integral film assemblage or unit adapted to be advanced between a pair of liquid spreading members in a camera to distribute a processing composition between a first positive or image-receiving sheet and a second negative or image-recording sheet. The composition is supplied from a pod which is located at a leading end of the film unit and excess thereof is absorbed by a trap at a trailing end of the unit. The first and second sheets are properly spaced by an intermediate masking sheet of uniform thickness which has an image-defining aperture therein. This mask assures that a uniform thickness of the processing composition is spread between the first and second sheets. The mask may also include a cutout adjacent to and outside of the image area defined by the aperture so as to enable an underlying portion of the second sheet to be photographically exposed to indicia relating to the exposure.

Abstract: A photographic film assemblage includes a pair of sheets bonded together around their edges and being in liquid communication with a sealed rupturable container of film processing liquid. An aperture in one of the sheets is covered by a film chip which, subsequent to exposure, is exposed to the processing liquid through the aperture after the container is ruptured. An image-receiving portion of the film chip is manually separable from the assemblage after suitable developing has occurred. Preferably, the image-receiving portion is a positive color transparency of a 35 MM size ready for immediate placement in a film mount for subsequent use in a viewer or projector.

Abstract: A transparency film assemblage for use with a camera includes a mount with an aperture therethrough. A film frame have a photosensitive layer is bonded to the mount in a position to cover the aperture. Secured to the mount is a foil sheet folded upon itself to form a moisture impermeable envelope. Within said envelope is a foraminous pad impregnated with developing liquid. Following exposure of the film frame the envelope is opened, the pad is laminated to the photosensitive layer of the film frame and the foil sheet is refolded to encompass the mount, pad and film frame in a light impermeable envelope suitable to be ejected from the camera while film developing continues.

Abstract: This application discloses novel self-developing film units of the integral type. The film units have spacers or rails positioned between the superposed sheets for controlling the thickness of the applied layer of processing fluid. The rupturable pod is attached to the remainder of the film unit at only one edge, so that it may "float" after the processing fluid has been applied. A spacer is bonded to the mask in the area overlying the pod. The mask may be folded over and around only the leading and trailing ends of the film unit.

Abstract: In a film unit for photography of the diffusive transfer process type including a photosensitive sheet, a mask defining an image border definition with an aperture provided therein, a pod for a processing liquid etc., bordering portions of the photosensitive sheet underlying around the image border definition are applied by dummy liquid layers in place of the layers constituting the photosensitive sheet.

Abstract: A self-processing film unit including a sheet-like photosensitive film component as provided with a liquid applicator holding a supply of low viscosity processing liquid that is to be applied to a given area of an outer surface of the film component, following its exposure, to initiate processing. The applicator comprises a liquid and air impervious sheet carrying on one surface thereof means holding a substantially uniformly distributed supply of processing liquid. The applicator is initially provided on one end of the film component in a releasably sealed folded configuration wherein the impervious sheet forms an impervious enclosure about the liquid holding means and it is movable therefrom to an unsealed extended configuration to locate the liquid holding means in liquid yielding contact with the given area of the film component outer surface.

Abstract: A self-processing film unit, including a sheet-like photosensitive film component, is provided with a liquid applicator holding a supply of a low viscosity procesing liquid that is to be applied to a given area of an outer surface of the film component, following its exposure, to initiate processing. The applicator includes a folded and releasably sealed enclosure section having therein liquid holding means, such as an absorbent pad soaked with the liquid, a leader tab forming section between one end of the film component and the enclosure section, and a mechanical ground section. In response to applying a longitudinally directed compression force on the film unit, the leader tab forming section folds to form a protruding leader tab.

Abstract: An elongated filmstrip is provided having two superposed sheets of photographic material helically wound in a cartridge. Typically, one of the sheets is a photosensitive image receiver and the other is a coated processing web. The lateral edges of the filmstrip are sealed to inhibit leakage of processing composition which is spread between the sheets during image development. The sheet which is on the outside of each roll convolution will have a longer path length than the inner sheet, and has sufficient elasticity to accommodate the path length difference. The elastic sheet is provided with a strippable, relatively non-elastic support before being transported through the coating machinery. The sheet, together with its coating and non-elastic support is then adhered to the other sheet of the filmstrip and the support then removed.

Abstract: A photographic film unit which includes first and second superposed sheets, and is processable by distributing a liquid between the sheets, is provided with liquid directing means that present a greater resistance to liquid flow in a longitudinal direction than in a transverse direction. Transverse barrier ridges, which are small compared to the depth of the liquid, are positioned between the sheets to inhibit the flow in the predetermined direction while flow continues uninhibited or is enhanced in the transverse direction along the ridges. Other embodiments employ stripes having different degrees of hydrophobicity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for monitoring exposure to influences, such as ionizing radiation, adverse to the human body. The device includes a support which carries material sensitive to the influence. The material is demarcated into a plurality of discrete zones each of which is processable individually by processing composition stored in a respective reservoir. Each reservoir is dischargeable individually to process its related zone. The sensitive material produces an indication visible externally of the device if the exposure to radiation has been greater than a predetermined threshold. The zones are processable at will in single succession.

Abstract: In a film unit for photography of the diffusive transfer process type including a photosensitive sheet, a mask defining an image border definition with an aperture provided therein, a pod for a processing liquid, etc., bordering portions of the photosensitive sheet underlying the image border definition are formed of dried dummy liquid layers in place of the normal layers constituting the photosensitive sheet.

Abstract: An improvement to instant photograph film wherein spotted uneven concentration is effectively prevented, particularly under high temperature conditions, from being produced in the image zone edge portion during the formation of images after pressure and treatment. A zone of grooves is formed, in the width direction along the cross edge portion, in at least one face of the mutually opposite faces between a first sheet and a second sheet adjacent a treating liquid container. Thus, the thickness of the spread treating liquid is made uniform and increases near the grooves to reduce the floating of the second sheet. The second sheet's floating or rising is suppressed due to the increase in contact area with the viscous treating liquid. Trapped air is caught to prevent it from reaching the image zone portion. Since a partial air layer is prevented from being formed between the first sheet and the second sheet, the spotted uneven concentration does not appear.

Abstract: In a film unit for photography of the diffusive transfer process type including a photosensitive laminate, a mask sheet defining an image border definition with an aperture provided therein, a pod for a processing liquid etc. with, the mask sheet being made of a translucent material.

Abstract: A pack of photo-identification cards comprises a casing including an exposure aperture and an exit slot and containing a plurality of photo-identification cards. Each card includes an exposable film chip surrounded by a core spacer and laminated with a transparent cover panel to substantially entirely surround the film chip except for access and venting ports through which processing fluid can be introduced to the film chip and air can be displaced from the volume occupied by the fluid.

Abstract: A photographic material is processed with a processing liquid by establishing a surface contact between the uppermost layer of the material and a flat porous spreading element impregnated with a low viscosity processing liquid. The impregnation is brought about by providing during or prior to processing for a contact between the spreading element in at least parts thereof with the liquid content of a container for the processing liquid. The spreading element may be flexible or rigid and may consist of woven or knitted fabrics, non-woven webs of endless filaments or staple fibres, non-woven webs of paper fibres, porous plastic foils or porous metal layers.

Abstract: A photographic processing sleeve is provided for receiving and processing a dye donating instant film sheet to produce a photographic print. The sleeve comprises a film retaining sheet that is folded over along its lateral edges to form channels which slidably receive the film sheet, and edge strips, sometimes called side rails, which space the film sheet from the image-receiving sheet. After processing, at least a major portion of the image-receiving sheet, including the finished picture, is adapted to be peeled apart from the rest of the sleeve which can then be discarded.

Abstract: A photographic processing sleeve is provided for receiving and processing a dye donating instant film sheet to produce borderless photographic prints. The sleeve is constructed of first and second sheets coupled together to form a pocket therebetween for receiving the film sheet. One of the sheets includes a central section which carries materials for immobilizing the dyes donated by the film sheet to form a visible picture in the central section. A stripping sheet forms an outermost surface of one face of the sleeve and releasably couples the central section of the first sheet to the remainder of the sleeve so the stripping sheet and the picture in the central section can be stripped away from the remainder of the sleeve.

Abstract: A photographic film unit, which includes a photosensitive sheet and a cover sheet separated by a spacer, is provided with a small access port for introducing a processing fluid from the exterior of the film unit into the space between the sheets and a small venting port for releasing air displaced from such space by the introduction of the processing fluid. The spacer surrounds substantially the entire edge perimeter of the film unit in a border area thereof. The access and venting ports extend through the spacer in this border area at diagonally opposite corners of the film unit.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a photographic film unit suitable for exposure and self-processing includes a substantially rigid mount having a central opening therethrough. A premounted film element is supported in the opening recessed between the mount's front and rear surfaces. A strippable cover sheet extends across the front of the film element to form a space for spreading processing liquid. A film support plug is received in the central opening rearwardly of the film element to inhibit the processing liquid from causing the film element to bow away from the cover sheet when the processing liquid is spread. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the film unit further includes a stripping sheet having a mask portion between the film element and the cover sheet, a backing sheet on the rear surface of the mount overlying the central opening, and a hinge portion interconnecting the mask portion and the backing sheet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic film unit with integral structure consisting of an image sheet and a cover sheet which is substantially in register with the image sheet and firmly attached to it, whereby the attachment between the sheets is produced by a combination of individual masking strips and lateral spacer strips and said combination of multi-part mask is composed of a masking folding sheet associated with the container for photographic developer material and another associated with the trap and a separate lateral masking strip for each side.

Abstract: A photo-identification card comprises a plastic laminate permanently encasing a photographically-exposable film chip that is developable by a single processing fluid. The laminate includes a core spacer having a compartment for receiving the chip with the spacer surrounding substantially the entire edge perimeter of the chip. Transparent cover panels, fused to the spacer by plastic-to-plastic bonds, physically protect the chip while permitting exposure and viewing through the laminate. Access ports are provided leading from the exterior of the laminate to the compartment for delivering the processing fluid to the chip.

Abstract: A film pack, for use in a self-developing camera, including a film container having improved processing fluid spread control structure embodied in an extended forward wall portion of the container adjacent a film withdrawal slot to locate a spread control surface thereon in closer relation to a pair of pressure rollers in the camera. Although the forward wall is extended, the longitudinal dimension of the container, near its rear wall, has been maintained so that the improved pack will fit existing cameras. Also, the leading end wall of the container has been angled or sloped to improve the upward feed of film units toward an exposure position in the container. An alternative embodiment is disclosed.

Abstract: The storage stability of aqueous p-benzoquinone and in general compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 may be the same or different and are selected, for example, from hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano, halogen, carboxylic acid or ester, thio, thioethers, sulfonic acid or ester groups, sulfinic acid or ester groups, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, alkylarylamino, cycloalkylamino, acylamino, acyloxy, acyl, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, straight chain, branched or cyclic aliphatic moieties, C.sub.6 -C.sub.32 substituted or unsubstituted aromatic moieties, and C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkoxy moieties, are improved by the addition of water-soluble, acidic or neutral inorganic salts of Periodic Table Group IA elements, Group IIA elements, and nickel. Such salts are typified by CaCl.sub.2, KCl, MgSO.sub.4, NaBr, NaCl, and NiCl.sub.2.