Abstract: The invention relates to a cylindrical resinous base-body for a photosensitive drum, and a photosensitive drum that includes the resinous base-body.

Abstract: An organophotoreceptor comprising (a) at least one photoconductive element capable of retaining an electrophotographic latent image; (b) an electrically conductive substrate having an electrically conductive surface; (c) an electrically conductive ground stripe adjacent to the photoconductive element and in electrical contact with the electrically conductive substrate, wherein the electrically conductive ground stripe comprising a film forming binder, conductive particles, inorganic particles having a Mohs hardness greater than 5, and a surfactant; (d) at least a charge transport compound; and (e) at least a charge generating compound.

Abstract: A photoconductive sleeved primary image-forming member roller for use in an electrophotographic machine comprising a central member including a rigid cylindrical core member and a compliant layer formed on the core member; and a flexible, replaceable, removable, photoconductive sleeve member in the form of an endless tubular belt that surrounds and nonadhesively intimately contacts the central member.

Abstract: A photoconductive drum forming an image by using an electric potential characteristic of a surface thereof includes a cylindrical base body, a photosensitive layer formed on the cylindrical base body to be chargeable with electricity, and an elastic layer having a hardness of below 70 degrees by the Asker “C” scale and formed in a thickness greater than 10 &mgr;m between the cylindrical base body and the photosensitive layer. The photoconductive drum is implemented in an image forming apparatus and absorbs shocks generated when the photoconductive drum contacts a development roller, a charging roller, and a transfer roller and impacts caused by the development roller when developing devices are exchanged or replaced, to protect the cylindrical base body and the photosensitive layer thereon, thereby.

Abstract: An imaging material comprising a support having disposed thereon: a) at least one image-forming layer, and b) at least one transparent electrically conductive antistatic layer that comprises electronically conductive polymer particles, a neutral-charge conductivity enhancer, and a hydrophilic polymeric binder.

Abstract: A photoconductive sleeved primary image forming member roller for use in an electrophotographic machine comprising a central member including a rigid cylindrical core member and a compliant layer formed on the core member; and a flexible replaceable removable photoconductive sleeve member in the form of an endless tubular belt that surrounds and nonadhesively intimately contacts the central member.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrophotosensitive material featuring an intermediate layer interposed between a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer and containing a binder resin and a charge transport material having a molecular weight of 400 or more. The intermediate layer has a constant thickness because the intermediate layer can be formed by, for example, dip coating a coating solution containing the above two components on the conductive substrate without suffering much flow-down of the coating solution. Hence, overlaying the photosensitive layer on the intermediate layer provides an electrophotosensitive material capable of offering favorable, fog-free images.

Abstract: Ultrafine particulates of highly white zinc oxide having a reduced average particle diameter of about 15 nm to about 55 nm as measured by the BET-one point method and that has an L value of about 90 or more as measured by a Hunter-type color-difference meter. Also, a process for producing ultrafine particulates of highly white zinc oxide, comprising oxidizing zinc vapor with an oxidizing gas in a reactor, wherein a zinc vapor-containing gas has a temperature of about 950° C. or more at a nozzle of the reactor for discharging the zinc vapor-containing gas and the oxidizing gas has a temperature of about 900° C. or more at a nozzle of the reactor for discharging the oxidizing gas is disclosed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support, and an undercoat layer and a photoconductive layer which are successively overlaid on the support, the undercoat layer containing an inorganic pigment and a crosslinked N-alkoxymethylated polyamide or a crosslinked material of an N-alkoxymethylated polyamide and a melamine resin as a binder resin. The method of producing the photoconductor is also disclosed. An electrophotographic image forming apparatus is provided with the aforementioned photoconductor, a charging unit, and a developing unit. A process cartridge is provided with the photoconductor, and at least one of a charging unit, a light exposure unit, a developing unit, or an image transfer unit. An electrophotographic image forming process has the steps of forming a latent electrostatic image on the photoconductor, and developing the latent electrostatic image to a visible image by reversal development.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method of electrophotographically manufacturing a luminescent screen assembly on an interior surface of a faceplate panel 17 of a color CRT 10 includes the steps of: coating the surface of the panel with a conductive solution to form a volatilizable organic conductive layer 32, and overcoating the organic conductive layer 32 with a photoconductive solution to form a volatilizable photoconductive layer 34. The conductive solution comprises the organic polymer 3,4-polyethylene dioxythiophene polystyrene sulphonate (PEDT/PSS); a methanol-soluble polymer or co-polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), poly (vinyl pyridine-co-vinyl acetate) (PVPy-VAc), polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), poly (hydroxyethylacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PHEA-MAA) and poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) to reduce organic residue; and a solvent.

Abstract: An electrophotoreceptor, comprises a conductive support; a photoreceptive layer, an intermediate layer provided between the conductive support and the photoreceptive layer, the intermediate layer containing N type semi-conductive fine particles and a binder resin, wherein the N type semi-conductive fine particles are subjected to plural surface treatments, and the final surface treatment is carried out employing a reactive organic silicon compound.

Abstract: A donor member useful in ionographic or electrophotographic apparatuses and preferably useful in hybrid scavengeless development units, having a substrate and an oxidized transport coating including charge transport molecules, polymer binder, and an oxidized oligo arylamine salt comprising a cation of an oligo arylamine molecule and a counter anion.

Abstract: A conductive layer 5 and a photoconductive layer 7 are laminated on a support member 3 made of resin so that an electrophotographic master plate for printing is constituted. Electrode portions 5a electrically connected to the conductive layer 5 are formed on the widthwise directional side surfaces. When development is performed, the electrode portions 5a are brought into contact with an electrode 11 adjacent to the support member 3 so that the potential of the conductive layer 5 is made to be the same as the potential of the electrode 11 adjacent to the support member 3 though the electrode portions 5a. The developing apparatus has a structure for causing the electrode portions 5a to be grounded by a provided roller made of stainless steel and/or a conductive brush.

Abstract: A polymer has a structural unit represented by the following formula (1): wherein X is single bond, substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, —S—, or —O—, R1 to R6 are each hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, and R1 to R6 may be the same or different. An electrophotographic photosensitive member is formed of the polymer. A process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus include the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: A conductive composition including a mixture of a reaction product ofa hole transporting hydroxy functionalized aryl amine,a hydroxy functionalized arylamine that is different from the hole transporting hydroxy functionalized aryl amine,a cross linkable polyamide, andand an acid capable of simultaneously cross linking the polyamide and oxidizing a portion of the hydroxy functionalized arylamine,the mixture of a reaction product includinga hole transporting hydroxy functionalized aryl amine andan oxidized hydroxy functionalized aryl amine in aa crosslinked polyamide matrix.Other embodiments including processes for applying the aforementioned composition and processes for using devices containing the compositions in high speed laser printing and related printing systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is an imaging element which includes a support, an image forming layer superposed on the support, and an electrically conducting layer. The electrically conductive layer includes a smectite clay, a first polymeric binder which sufficiently intercalates inside or exfoliates the smectite clay and a second polymeric binder which does not sufficiently intercalate inside or exfoliate the smectite clay.

Abstract: Cylindrical tubular substrates for an electrophotographic conductor can be made with different lengths from an injection-molded plastic cylindrical mother tube. The length of the mother tube is sufficient for the greatest desired length. The mother tube has a slanting inner surface which facilitates removal of the tube from the molding die, and non-slanting inner end surfaces which can be stepped. The desired length is obtained by cutting the mother tube across one of the steps. The resulting non-slanting inner end surface of the substrate provides a spigot joint for tightly receiving a flange.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate is produced using a lithographic printing original plate which is composed of a paper support having a volume electric resistance adjusted to 1.times.10.sup.10 .OMEGA..multidot.cm or below by undergoing a conductive treatment, a metallic conductive layer provided on one surface of the support, a photoconductive layer composed of zinc oxide and a binder provided on the metallic conductive layer, and a laminate layer composed of an .alpha.-polyolefin having a volume electric resistance adjusted to 1.times.10.sup.10 .OMEGA..multidot.cm or below by undergoing a conductive treatment provided on the other surface of the support. The lithographic printing original plate is subjected to a negative corona discharge from the side having the photoconductive layer and in this charging, a conductor having an earth potential is contacted with the metal conductive layer from the side of the lithographic printing original plate, where an edge of metal conductive layer is exposed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor includes a conductive substrate, an intermediate layer on the conductive substrate, and a photoconductive layer on the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer includes an n-type semiconductive organic pigment.

Abstract: Electrically conductive elements, such as imaging elements, can be prepared by applying electrically conductive coating compositions to a suitable support. The coating compositions include a polyaniline-protonic counter-ion complex in a first solvent that has certain Hansen solubility parameters, and a film-forming binder in a second common coating solvent. The total solids in the coating composition is less than or equal to about 10 weight %, and the weight ratio of the binder to the complex is at least about 1:1. Under these formulation conditions, the polyaniline protonic counter-ion complex is solubilized, rather than being in dispersed form, and is readily applied to form a thin, relatively transparent, electrically conductive film. Antistatic layers of photographic elements can be prepared in this manner.

Abstract: A coated substrate having a material substrate, and a coating composition fixed to a surface of the material substrate as a surface layer, the surface layer containing a hydrophilic resin which swells water but is not washed off by water, and which is solid in air at ambient temperatures that are encountered when said coated substrate is functioning as a reusable printing sheet and from which surface layer prior printing deposits can be readily removed, and when which the coated substrate has a surface resistivity of to 10.sup.5 to 10.sup.13 .OMEGA./.quadrature. at 25.degree. C., 50% RH after being dipped in water for 5 minutes and dried with a hot air of 60.degree. to 90.degree. C. for 5 minutes.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an insulating support and provided thereon, a conductive layer, an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer, wherein said conductive layer has a work function W (eV), said intermediate layer has an ionization potential Ip (eV) and a relationship between the work function W (eV) and the ionization potential Ip (eV) satisfies Formula 1:Ip>W+0.5.

Abstract: Electrical components comprising a ohmic contact-providing layer and a charge transport layer wherein the ohmic contact-providing layer comprises a fluorinated carbon filled fluoropolymer.

Abstract: A method for electrophotographically forming a Braun tube's fluorescent layer coats conductive and photoconductive layers on the internal surface of a Braun tube's panel. The photoconductive layer is formed of a water soluble photoconductive liquid including a water soluble binder, allowing a part of the photoconductive layer to be selectively exposed to a visible ray. The photoresist of the above photoconductive liquid is substituted with dye, which can be processed through general exposure and solvent, allowing the fluorescent layer to be formed on a Braun tube under the same conditions as a typical Braun tube production process without darkroom processing.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed which comprises an electrically-conductive substrate having provided thereon an undercoat layer and a photosensitive layer, wherein said undercoat layer comprises a crosslinkable matrix and an electron-transporting material.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic photoconductor wherein an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer are successively formed on a conductive substrate, a conductive boron polymer is used for forming the intermediate layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed which comprises an electroconductive support, a first interlayer formed on the support and containing low-resistance electroconductive particles having a specific resistance of from 10.degree. to 10.sup.4 .OMEGA.cm, a second interlayer formed on the first interlayer and containing high-resistance electroconductive particles having a specific resistance of from 10.sup.4 to 10.sup.8 .OMEGA.cm, and a photosensitive layer formed on the second interlayer. In the electrophotographic photoreceptor, in which the interlayers have an increased thickness for hiding defects present on the support and contain electroconductive particles dispersed therein, the photosensitive layer is free from the electrification performance decrease caused by charge injection thereinto and the interlayers have excellent leak-preventive properties.

Abstract: The photoconductor of the invention includes a cylindrical substrate, and an organic photoconductive layer formed on the cylindrical substrate. The substrate is made of the material which contains polyphthalamide resin to which carbon black is added to lower the volume resistivity of the material to 10.sup.4 .OMEGA. cm or less. Reinforcing agent such as glass fibers may also be added to add dimensional and mechanical strength and stability. The photoconductive layer has a charge generating layer composed of a hydrozone compound.

Abstract: A photosensitive body for electrophotography having improved properties in the charging characteristics, photosensitivity, and stability in repeated use. The photosensitive body for electrophotography comprises a photoconductive layer formed on a conductive support through an undercoat layer, the undercoat layer containing at least one polyester compound having repeated units represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A and B each independently represents a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbon which is optionally substituted, at least one of A and B being selected from the group consisting of specific divalent groups, and n is 10-10,000.

Abstract: An electrostatographic imaging member including at least one imaging layer capable of retaining an electrostatic latent image, a supporting substrate layer having an electrically conductive surface and an electrically conductive ground strip layer adjacent the electrostatographic imaging layer and in electrical contact with the electrically conductive surface, the electrically conductive ground strip layer comprising a homogeneous dispersion of conductive particles and solid organic particles in a film forming binder, the organic particles having a low surface energy and an average particle size less than the thickness of the strip layer. This imaging member may fabricated by ultrasonic welding techniques and may be employed in an electrostatographic imaging process.

Abstract: Imaging element, such as photographic electrostatographic thermal imaging elements are comprised of a support, an imaging-forming layer, and a transparent electrically-conductive layer which includes an effective amount of polypyrrole/poly(styrene sulfonic acid). In a preferred embodiment, the polypyrrole/poly(styrene sulfonic acid) is dispersed in a binder.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a cylindrical electrically conductive substrate having thereon at least a photoconductive layer, the conductive substrate having a marking portion in which the light reflectance of the surface of the conductor substrate has been changed by a laser light treatment, a method for producing the photoreceptor, and an image correcting method using the photoreceptor.

Abstract: An imaging element such as a photographic, electrostatic, or thermal imaging element is comprised of a support, an image-forming layer, and a transparent electrically conductive layer which includes an effective amount of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxypyrrole/styrene sulfonate). In a preferred embodiment, the poly(3,4-ethylene dioxypyrrole/styrene sulfonate) is dispersed in a polymeric binder.

Abstract: A negative-electrification type electrophotographic photoreceptor which has an undercoat layer slightly soluble or insoluble in solvents and retains stable properties, and to provide a contact electrification type electrophotographic apparatus employing the photoreceptor and less apt to suffer dielectric breakdown. The electrophotographic photoreceptor comprises an electrically conductive support having thereon an undercoat layer and a photosensitive layer, in which the undercoat layer comprises an electron-transporting pigment and a reactive organometallic compound. This electrophotographic photoreceptor is suitable for use in an electrophotographic apparatus in which the photoreceptor is charged by applying a voltage to a charging member disposed so as to be in contact with the photoreceptor, in particular, an erase-less electrophotographic apparatus.

Abstract: A deposition film is formed on a substrate in a deposition space (A) by the chemical reaction between a gaseous precursor of a higher silicon halide or a higher halosilane formed in a decomposition space (B) and a separately-introduced gaseous, activated species of hydrogen, silane or a halosilane formed in a decomposition space (C).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is constituted by an electroconductive support, an intermediate layer disposed on the electroconductive support and a photosensitive layer disposed on the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer contains a copolymer having at least two species of a recurring unit having an amide acid structure and/or amide acid ester structure, thus resulting in good film-forming properties. The resultant photosensitive member is effective for providing a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus respectively including the photosensitive member with a stable electric potential under any environmental condition to provide excellent images free from image defects for a long period.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member is disclosed including a support substrate having a two layered electrically conductive ground plane layer comprising a layer comprising zirconium over a layer comprising titanium a hole blocking layer, an adhesive layer comprising a copolyester film forming resin, an intermediate layer over and in contact with the adhesive layer, the intermediate layer comprising a carbazole polymer, a charge generation layer comprising a perylene or a phthalocyanine, and a hole transport layer, said hole transport layer being substantially non-absorbing in the spectral region at which the charge generation layer generates and injects photogenerated holes but being capable of supporting the injection of photogenerated holes from said charge generation layer and transporting said holes through said charge transport layer.

Abstract: The electrostatic information recording medium according to the present invention comprises an electrode layer and an electric charge retaining layer. By improving the laminating method of electric charge retaining layer or by improving the layer arrangement or by converting electrostatic information to the visible information or position information, high information retaining property can be obtained and the accumulated electrostatic information can be maintained for long period.In the electrostatic information recording method according to the present invention, an electrostatic information recording medium is placed face-to-face to a photosensitive member having photoconductive layer on an electrode. The image exposure is performed by applying voltage between two electrodes, and the electrostatic information corresponding to the image exposure is recorded on the electrostatic information recording medium.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a method for preparing electrically-conductive needle-like zinc oxide which comprises the steps of preparing a vapor mixture by admixing zinc vapor and vapor of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dopant-forming compounds having boiling points of not more than the boiling point of zinc and free of oxygen atom in an amount of 0.005 to 5 parts by weight, as expressed in terms of the oxide of the dopant-forming metal, per 100 parts by weight of the zinc vapor as expressed in terms of zinc oxide; and passing the vapor mixture through an oxidation chamber while blowing an oxidizing gas into the vapor mixture through at least two nozzles spaced apart from one another and arranged along the flow path of the vapor mixture to thus stepwise oxidize the vapor mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member which comprises an electroconductive support, an interlayer, and a photosensitive layer, wherein the electroconductive support is previously cleaned with a solution mainly composed of water, end the interlayer contains an electroconductive substance.The product is excellent in the electrophotographic properties and the process of making is not harmful to the human health and does not pollute the environment.

Abstract: A method for preparing electrically-conductive zinc oxide is herein disclosed, which comprises the steps of preparing a vapor mixture comprising zinc vapor and vapor of at least one member selected from the group consisting of dopant-forming metal compounds having boiling points of not more than that of zinc and free of oxygen atom in a predetermined mixing rate ranging from 0.005 to 5 parts by weight of the dopant-forming metal, as expressed in terms of the oxide thereof, per 100 parts by weight of zinc, as expressed in terms of zinc oxide; then oxidizing the vapor mixture with an oxidizing gas.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor having superior electrical properties and image quality which are not affected by the external environment is provided. The photoconductor includes an intermediate layer formed between a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer. The intermediate layer is a hardened film containing as its main components melamine resin, aromatic carboxylic acid and/or aromatic carboxylic anhydride, and fixed iodine. Alternatively, the intermediate layer is composed of normal-butylated melamine resin, acid and/or an acid equivalent, and fixed iodine. The film thickness of the intermediate layer according to the present invention need not be as thin as in the prior art. An intermediate layer of such a thickness can cover various defects on the surface of the conductive substrate, and a uniform photosensitive layer with few film defects can be formed on the intermediate layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor comprises: an electroconductive substrate consisting of an aluminum alloy having an iron content of 0.1 percent by weight or less; an intermediate layer formed on said electroconductive substrate; a charge generation layer formed on the intermediate layer; and a charge transport layer formed on the charge generation layer. The intermediate layer comprises an alcohol-soluble resin and has a thickness of 0.5 .mu.m or more.

Abstract: A member for electrically cooperating with a conductive support surface to attract charged toner particles from the surface towards the member is disclosed. The member comprises a conductive substrate capable of supporting a uniform bias potential thereon and at least one coating comprising a resilient elastomeric polyurethane.

Abstract: A piezo-active charge retentive member, such as a photoreceptor, has a grounded electrode layer separating a photoreceptive layer and a piezo-active layer. External vibration sources become unnecessary since supplying an A.C. voltage across the piezo-active layer to the grounded electrode layer causes the piezo-active layer, and thus the entire photoreceptor, to vibrate. Vibration of the photoreceptor enhances the transfer of development powder from the photoreceptor to the transfer material, such as a sheet of paper. Vibration of the photoreceptor also improves the development of images and assists the cleaning of residual development powder from the photoreceptor surface.

Abstract: A lithographic plate includes a substrate made of a polyester film having a light transmittance of 50% or less, a bending angle in the range of 30.degree. to 90.degree., and a rupture strength after being bent of 8 kg/mm.sup.2 or more. Alternatively, a lithographic plate includes a substrate made of a polymer film containing a polyester and a thermoplastic resin incompatible with the polyester, wherein the polymer film is oriented along at least one axis and has minute cavities formed by the orientation, and the density of the film is in the range of 1.05 g/cm.sup.3 to 1.3 g/cm.sup.3.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor comprising a conductive support, an undercoating layer provided on the conductive support and a photosensitive layer provided on the undercoating layer, in which the undercoating layer comprises a needle-like titanium oxide particles and a binder resin. The needle-like titanium oxide particles in the undercoating layer show a volume resistance in the range from 10.sup.5 .OMEGA..multidot.cm to 10.sup.10 .OMEGA..multidot.cm when a loading pressure of 100 Kg/cm.sup.2 is applied and have a short axis S having a length of 0.5 .mu.m or less and a long axis L having a length of 10 .mu.m or less and the aspect ratio of L/S ranging from 2 to 10. Further, the needle-like titanium oxide particles are contained in the undercoating layer in the range from 50 wt % to 95 wt % and the surface thereof remains untreated.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member, having a support, and an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer disposed on the support in this order; the intermediate layer having a coated powder comprising a coating layer and barium sulfate fine particles coated with the coating layer; and the coating layer comprising tin oxide. The above intermediate layer is usable for constituting an electrophotographic apparatus providing stable potential properties and good image quality under overall environmental conditions including low-temperature and low-humidity condition to high-temperature and high-humidity condition.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is disclosed which has an electroconductive support, an interlayer, and a photosensitive layer. The interlayer contains a resin having a polyamic acid structure or a polyamic acid ester structure. A process cartridge and electrographic apparatus using the photosensitive member are also disclosed.

Abstract: A lithographic plate includes a substrate made of a polyester film having a light transmittance of 50% or less, a bending angle in the range of 30.degree. to 90.degree., and a rupture strength after being bent of 8 kg/mm.sup.2 or more. Alternatively, a lithographic plate includes a substrate made of a polymer film containing a polyester and a thermoplastic resin incompatible with the polyester, wherein the polymer film is oriented along at least one axis and has minute cavities formed by the orientation, and the density of the film is in the range of 1.05 g/cm.sup.3 to 1.3 g/cm.sup.3.