Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an intermediate layer formed between an electrically conductive substrate and photosensitive layer. The intermediate layer is made of a hardened film formed by hardening an amino resin with a catalyst comprising aromaticsulfonic acid, alicyclicsulfonic acid, a mixture thereof, or latent acid thereof to provide good image qualities without causing any troubles in the process of image formation.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electrostatographic imaging member comprising: (a) a supporting substrate including an electrically conductive surface; (b) at least one electrostatographic imaging layer; and (c) an electrically conductive grounding layer adjacent to the at least one imaging layer and in electrical contact with the electrically conductive surface, wherein the grounding layer is comprised of alkyl acrylamidoglycolate alkyl ether polymer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a conductive support, and a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer. The charge generating layer contains an acetal resin obtained from a reaction of polyvinyl alcohol, alkyl aldehyde having a structure shown in Formula (1) below, and aryl aldehyde having a structure shown in Formula (2) below:R--CHO (1)wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted, chain or cyclic alkyl group, andAr--CHO (2)wherein Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. The electrophotographic photosensitive member is used in electrophotographic apparatus, device units and facsimile machines, while ensuring superior electrophotographic characteristics and an excellent image free from fog.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is constituted by an electroconductive support, an intermediate layer disposed on the electroconductive support and a photosensitive layer disposed on the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer contains a resin having a specific recurring unit containing polyamide acid structure and/or polyamide acid ester structure. The photosensitive member is effective for providing a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus respectively including the photosensitive member with an excellent photosensitivity and a stable electric potential under any environmental condition.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member, has an electroconductive support, an interlayer, and a photosensitive layer provided in the order named. The interlayer contains a polyamide having a structural unit represented by the formula (I) below: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, R.sub.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, and n is an integer of one or more.

Abstract: An electrically conductive composition containing a charge transfer complex of a TCNQ salt and a donor molecule is obtained by dissolving a charge transfer complex in a solvent having a relative evaporation rate of less than about 30, and evaporating the solvent so that the charge transfer complex forms a network of fibrils, dendrites or sphericulites. Polymers may also be included in the composition.

Abstract: An electorphotographic photoreceptor comprises an electroconductive support at least whose indentation hardness of surface is 100 and over on the Vickers hardness scale; a photoconductive layer comprising amorphous silicon containing at least one of hydrogen and halogen; and a surface layer comprising at least one of an amorphous silicon layer containing at least one of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon, and an amorphous carbon layer containing at least one of not exceeding 50 atm. % of hydrogen and halogen. This photoreceptor is long-lived and causing no image defects that would otherwise develop in connection with the support, and it can be applied to an energy-saving, low-cost and highly reliable electrophotographic process and apparatus.

Abstract: An image holding member has support and an image holding layer provided on the support. The support has a substrate and a conductive electro-deposition coating film.

Abstract: A photoconductor contains octa-substituted phthalocyanines in a charge generation layer. The photoconductor shows good sensitivity in the infra-red region of the electromagnetic spectrum from about 600 nm to about 900 nm.

Abstract: A photosensitive member suitable for use in an electrophotographic apparatus is constituted by an electroconductive support, and an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer disposed in this order on the support. The intermediate layer comprises a reaction product of a polyol compound comprising at least one of a polyol compound [I] represented by Formula (1) shown below and a phosphated polyol compound with a polyisocyanate compound: ##STR1## wherein A denotes ##STR2## B denotes --R.sup.4 --O--, A and B may be connected at random or in blocks with each other, Z denotes an active hydrogen compound residue; R.sup.1 is an alkylene group having 1-9 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is an alkylene group having 1-10 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 is an alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group or aralkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms; R.sup.4 is an alkylene group having 2-10 carbon atoms; k is a number of 1-12 m is a number of 1-250; n is a number of 0-100; and p is a number of 0-5.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, comprising an electrically conductive substrate having thereon a subbing layer and a photosensitive layer, wherein the subbing layer contains (a) an organic chelate compound or an organic alkoxide compound and (b) a hygroscopic compound having at least two carboxyl groups per molecule. The subbing layer does not increase its volume resistance even on repeated use in a low humidity condition so that the photoreceptor has a small residual potential to provide satisfactory images with excellent durability.

Abstract: The present invention provides an excellent image-holding member, comprising an electroconductive support, a resin layer formed on the support, and an interlayer provided between the support and the resin layer, said interlayer containing a reaction product of an acetal resin and an organometallic complex compound.

Abstract: An electrophotographic sensitive medium and apparatus for use with this medium. The electrophotographic sensitive medium has an electroconductive support, a sensitive layer, and an intermediate layer interposed between the support and the sensitive layer. The intermediate layer material contains a polyamide grafted with a polymer or a copolymer, and the polymer of copolymer contains a unit component represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Z is --O-- or --NH--, and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A layered electrophotographic imaging member is modified to reduce the effects of interference within the member caused by reflections from coherent light incident on a ground plane. The modification described is to form an interface layer between a blocking layer and a charge generation layer, the interface layer comprising a polymer having incorporated therein filler particles of synthetic silica or mineral particles. A preferred material is aerosil silica from 10 to 80% by weight. The filler particles scatter the light preventing reflections from the ground plane back to the light incident surface.

Abstract: A photoresponsive imaging member comprised of a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer comprised of a mixture of a biphenyl diamine and a polysilylene.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor has a photosensitive layer layered on a conductive substrate, and the photoreceptor comprise the improvement wherein a surface roughness of the conductive substrate is such that a center average roughness in standard length at 0.25 mm is not more than 0.6, and the center average roughness and a transmittance at a wavelength of light to which the photosensitive layer is exposed meet the following condition.

Abstract: A charge transporting material comprising a 1,3-pentadiene derivative having formula (I):A--CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --A (I)wherein A represents a 9-anthryl group which may have a substituent, a N-substituted carbazolyl group which may have a substituent, a N-substituted phenothiazinyl group which may have a substituent or ##STR1## in which Ar represents an arylene group which may have a substituent, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent; an electrophotographic photoconductor comprising an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon, which comprises as an effective component at least one of the 1,3-pentadiene derivatives of the above formula (I); and novel 1,3-pentadiene derivatives of the formula (I), provided that in the formula (I), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 cannot be a methyl group at the same time, are disclosed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member includes a blocking layer formed from a maleic acid half ester copolymer which has free acid groups neutralized by an alkali metal. The imaging member may be provided with a conductive layer formed from a phenolic resin and dispersed carbon black particles in an amount which allows sufficient transparency for rear erasure.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a conductive support and provided thereon a photosensitive layer, interposing an intermediate layer between them. The intermediate layer contains a polyether polyamide.

Abstract: A master sheet for use in reproducing an original image in a xeroprinting system comprises a transparent supporting dielectric layer, a photoconductive layer, a transparent conductive layer between the dielectric and photoconductive layers, and a mask of opaque material deposited upon the exposed face of the dielectric layer in a predetermined pattern according to the original image. Exposure of the photoconductive layer to light directed through the mask causes a latent image to be formed on the master sheet. A xeroprinting drum assembly for use in a xeroprinting system is also provided wherein a rotatable support drum is wrapped with an electroluminescent (EL) sheet and then the master sheet. The drum assembly may be rotated while the EL sheet selectively exposes the photoconductive layer to provide a latent image. Alternatively, a slit light source may be used.

Abstract: A layered photosensitive imaging member is modified to reduce the effects of interference within the member caused by reflections from coherent light incident on a base ground plane. The modification described is to form the ground plane surface with a rough surface morphology by various selective deposition methods. In one method the metal forming the ground plane is deposited through a fine mesh screen which is either held stationary during a single pass or alternatively vibrated at a specific frequency during a single pass of deposition. Light reflected from the ground plane formed with the rough surface morphology is diffused through the bulk of the photosensitive layer breaking up the interference fringe patterns which are later manifested as a plywood pattern on output prints made from the exposed sensitive medium.

Abstract: A method for transferring an electrostatic latent image and apparatus therefor. This method comprises preparing a master recording member one side of which is provided with a first electrode and another side of which is provided with a first recording layer in which an image information is preformed in a form of material characteristic change of the first recording layer, preparing a blank recording member having a second recording layer, confronting the first recording layer of the master recording member with the second recording layer, and providing a uniform layer of charges to the second recording layer of the blank recording member by a charge providing member on a side of the second recording layer opposite to the side confronting the preformed image information, to produce a transferred electrostatic latent image on the second recording layer of the blank recording member corresponding with and in response to the image information preformed in the first recording layer of the master recording member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a seamless belt comprising a laminate of a conducting polymer layer and a host polymer layer. The process for preparing the seamless belt comprises electrochemically polymerizing onto an electrode a layer of a conductive polymeric material, followed by electrophoretically depositing a layer of a host polymer onto the layer of conductive polymeric material. Also disclosed is an imaging member comprising a substrate and a photogenerating layer, wherein the substrate comprises a laminate as described above. An imaging process which comprises incorporating into an ionographic imaging device an imaging member comprising a laminate of a conducting polymer layer and a host polymer layer as described above, generating a latent image on the imaging member by ion deposition, developing the latent image with a toner, transferring the developed image to a substrate, and permanently affixing the transferred image to the substrate is also disclosed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a photosensitive layer provided on an electroconductive support with interposition of an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer containing a polyether-polyurethane and an electroconductive substance.An electrophotographic apparatus, comprises an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer provided on an electroconductive support with interposition of an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer containing a polyether-polyurethane and an electroconductive substance.A facsimile apparatus comprises an electrophotographic apparatus and a receiving means for receiving image information from a remote terminal, the electrophotographic apparatus comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer provided on an electroconductive support with interposition of an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer containing a polyether-polyurethane and an electroconductive substance.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a substrate, a photosensitive layer and an intermediate layer spaced between said substrate and said photosensitive layer. The intermediate layer contains a polyamide resin grafted with a polymer or a copolymer having a unit component expressed by the following general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein, R.sub.1 is hydrogen atom or a methyl group, each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 in combination is a residual group necessary for forming a heterocyclic compound containing N, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different from each other. Also disclosed are an electrophotographic apparatus having the photosensitive member, and a facsimile incorporating the electrophotographic apparatus.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member including a supporting substrate, an electrically conductive layer including at least a partially crosslinked polymer having a backbone derived from an alkyl acrylamidoglycolate alkyl ether, a charge blocking layer including a polymer having a backbone also derived from an alkyl acrylamidoglycolate alkyl ether and at least one photoconductive layer. Preferably, the backbone derived from an alkyl acrylamidoglycolate alkyl ether is a copolymer of methyl acrylamidoglycolate methyl ether and a vinyl hydroxy ester or vinyl hydroxy amide. This imaging member may be prepared by a coating process and employed in an electrostatographic imaging process.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus including a pattern forming device for forming a light-shielding pattern on one of opposite surfaces of a photosensitive recording medium. The light-shielding pattern is formed of a light-shielding material which is capable of shielding a radiation. The apparatus further includes an exposing device for irradiating the above-indicated one surface of the recording medium, and thereby forming an optical latent image which corresponds to the light-shielding pattern. The light-shielding pattern is removed by a cleaner from the recording medium after the optical latent image is formed. The optical latent image formed on the medium is developed into a visible image.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic plate, that having an undercoating layer with smooth surface when observed by using a scanning electron microscope and an electric conductivity of at least 2.times.10.sup.-14 .OMEGA..sup.-1 .multidot.cm.sup.-1 between an electroconductive substrate and a photosensitive layer is improved in electrophotographic properties which are hardly changed by changes of circumstances.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor is disclosed, which comprises a flexible film-type substrate, an electroconductive layer formed on a front surface of the substrate, a photoconductive layer formed on the electroconductive layer, and a curl prevention layer formed on the back side of the substrate opposite to the back side thereof, in which the curl prevention layer comprises one resin component selected from the group consisting of a polysulfone resin and a polyarylate resin.

Abstract: A membrane for use in an X-ray mask composed of a compound comprising at least three kinds of elements of boron (B), silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) in which the content of silicon in the compound is at least 15 atomic percent, but less than 100 atomic percent, and the atomic ratio of Si/(B+Si) in the compound is at least 0.2, but less than one. The membrane is synthesized from source gases including at least the foregoing three kinds of elements by chemical reaction under such conditions that the ratio of nitrogen to boron plus silicon is at least one in the source gases and thereby depositing a film of the compound onto a substrate. Since the membrane thus prepared has a high transmittance in the visible region and X-ray and their residual stress can be readily controlled by adjusting the conditions for the formation of the membrane, it is suitable for the preparation of X-ray masks.

Abstract: In a photographic element amenable to heat development or mobile dye heat transfer, an electroconductive layer is formed from a composition containing an electroconductive substance, typically carbon black, a hydrophilic binder, typically gelatin, and a water-insoluble compound having a melting point of up to 120.degree. C. and a boiling point of at least 175.degree. C., for example, trinonyl phosphate, such that the conductive layer undergoes a minimized change in electric resistance when folded.

Abstract: In a photographic element amenable to heat development or mobile dye heat transfer, an electroconductive layer is formed from a composition containing an electroconductive substance, typically carbon black and a high molecular weight compound having a glass transition temperature of not higher than 40.degree. C. at a relative humidity of 20% or a melting point of not higher than 180.degree. C., for example, polyethylene glycol, such that the conductive layer undergoes a minimized change in electric resistance when folded.

Abstract: An improved layered photoresponsive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate; a photogenerator layer comprised of cis and trans naphthalene imidazole perylene component of the following formula; ##STR1## and an aryl amine hole transport layer dispersed in a resinous binder.

Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography comprising a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by a photoconductive layer and a surface layer, the photoconductive layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and at least one kind selected from hydrogen atoms and halogen atoms and the surface layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, and the amount of the hydrogen atoms contained in the surface layer being in the range of 41 to 70 atomic %.

Abstract: An imaging member in accordance with claim 1 wherein the oxygenated polysilylene is of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, and substituted aryl, and alkoxy; m is from 0 to 0.98 mole percent; n is from 0 to 0.98 mole percent; p is from 0 to 0.98 mole percent; q is from 0.02 to 0.12 mole percent subject to the provisions that the sum of m+n+p is less than or equal to 0.98; and the sum of m+n+p+q is equal to 1.

Abstract: An endless belt shaped electrophotographic photoconductor is disclosed, which comprises an electroconductive support material, a photoconductive layer formed thereon, a joint portion by which the electrophotographic photoconductor is worked into the shape of an endless belt, and a grounding electrode which is electrically connected to the electroconductive support material, the joint portion comprising an electroconductive overcoating layer by which the photoconductive layer in the joint portion is covered, the electroconductive overcoating layer comprising a polymeric material having a glass transition of -10.degree. C. or lower and finely-divided electroconductive particles, or the joint portion further comprising a joint reinforcement resin layer which is formed so as to be inserted between the electroconductive overcoating layer and the photoconductive layer in the joint portion.

Abstract: A photographic element comprising photosensitive and image-receiving layers on a support further includes a primary exothermic electroconductive layer serving as a heating element and an auxiliary exothermic electroconductive layer thereon, wherein the primary conductive layer containing conductive substance like carbon black so that it is heated upon electric conduction, contributing to heat development.

Abstract: A stable high resistant transparent coating is formed by choosing an undoped wide band gap semiconducting oxide, and by forming a film from elements constituting the undoped oxide and from a dopant which is chosen so as to form a doped wide band gap semiconducting oxide, the doped oxide having an electrical resistance greater than the undoped oxide, the electrical resistance of the doped oxide being such that it equals an optimum value when the coating composition is inherently stable.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photoresponsive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, a ground plane of hydrogenated amorphous silicon having incorporated therein dopants; and a photoconductive layer comprised of hydrogenated amorphous silicon.

Abstract: The present invention aims at materialization of reproduction of an image of high quality by the color electrophotography process of the EF system according to a specific procedure of effecting back surface grounding of a photosensitive material sheet comprising a photosensitive layer consisting of titanium dioxide and a specific base sheet comprising a conductive support constituted by a conductive layer laminated on a highly smooth surface and highly specific resistivity base sheet on the basis of a conductive conveyor.

Abstract: An improved electrolevelled, electrically-conductive substrate for use in the manufacture of electrophotographic photoreceptors and a method of fabricating same.

Abstract: A photoconductive member, having a support and a photoconductive light receiving layer comprising a matrix of silicon atoms containing at least one of hydrogen atoms and halogen atoms provided on said support, said light receiving layer having a layer region with a layer thickness of at least 20 .ANG. from the side of the free surface, in which the spin density measured by Electron Spin Resonance is 1.0.times.10.sup.20 spins/cm.sup.3 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polysilylene hole transporting compound for use in layered imaging members comprised of ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1,R.sub. 2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, and R.sub.6 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, and alkoxy; and n, m, and p are numbers that represent the percentage of the monomer unit in the total polymer compound.

Abstract: An improved layered photoresponsive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, a photogenerating layer, and an electron transporting layer comprised of an inorganic photoconductive composition chemically modified to enable enhancement of the electron transport properties thereof.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved photoresponsive device comprised in the order stated of (1) a substrate, (2) a transmissive semi-conductive layer selected from the group consisting of indium-tin oxide, cadmium tin oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxides, titanium nitrides, titanium silicides, and mixtures thereof (3) a photogenerating layer comprised of an inorganic photoconductive composition or an organic photoconductive composition, dispersed in a resinous binder and (4) a charge carrier transport layer comprised of a combination of a resinous binder having dispersed therein small molecules of an electrically active material, the combination of which is substantially non-absorbing to visible light and allows the injection of photogenerating holes from the charge photogenerating layer in contact therewith, the electrically active material being of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of ortho CH.sub.3, meta CH.sub.3, para CH.sub.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a substrate and a photosensitive layer, and an electroconductive layer containing an electroconductive material, a binder and a leveling agent is provided between the substrate and the photosensitive layer. The silicone compound leveling agent improves the interfaces between the electroconductive layer and both the substrate and photosensitive layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic plate making material comprising a substrate comprising a paper support and a polyolefin laminate layer on at least one surface thereof and having a volume resistance of 10.sup.10 ohms or less, and a photoconductive layer on the substrate.

Abstract: An electrophotographic light-sensitive material is described. The material is comprised of an electrically conductive support and a light-sensitive layer on the support. The light-sensitive layer contains a copolymer comprising: (a) vinylidene chloride or vinyl chloride; (b) a vinyl based unsaturated monomer represented by the general formula: CH.sub.2 =C(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2) (wherein the symbols are as defined in the appended claims); and (c) a vinyl monomer containing a hydroxyl group at the side chain thereof. This light-sensitive layer exhibits good adhesive properties, is superior in durability and moisture resistance, and produces images free from white spots and fog.

Abstract: An electrophotographic process comprising the steps of:(a) charging an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer which includes a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer containing a charge-transporting material;(b) forming an image on the charged electrophotographic photosensitive member by exposing the charged photosensitive member to light substantially free of rays having the wavelength band which can be absorbed by the charge-transporting material contained in the charge transport layer; and(c) developing the image with a developer.

Abstract: A coating composition useful in forming conductive layers comprises a latex having water as a continuous phase and, as a dispersed phase, hydrophobic polymer particles having associated therewith a polyaniline salt semiconductor. The coating composition can be coated on a variety of supports to produce conductive elements. The coating compositions are particularly useful in forming antistatic layers for photographic elements or conducting layers for electrophotographic and electrographic elements. Also disclosed is a preferred process for preparing a latex coating composition comprising the steps of loading polymer particles with the polyaniline component of the polyaniline acid addition salt semiconductor and then acidifying the latex to form a polyaniline salt coating composition.