Abstract: An apparatus for the generation, the distribution or the usage of electrical energy, the apparatus including a housing enclosing an insulating space and an electrical component arranged in the insulating space. The insulating space contains a dielectric insulation gas including an organofluorine compound A. The apparatus further includes a molecular sieve arranged such as to come into contact with the insulation gas. The molecular sieve has an average pore size y greater than the molecular size of at least one decomposition product of the organofluorine compound A generated during operation of the apparatus. The adsorption capability of the molecular sieve for organofluorine compound A is lower than for the at least one decomposition product. The apparatus further includes at least one desiccant arranged such as to come into contact with the insulation gas.

Abstract: A diamine compound of the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group, each of A.sub.1, A.sub.2 and A.sub.3 which are independent of one another, is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a group of the following formula (2): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is as defined above, and X is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic bivalent group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic recording material comprising on an electrically conductive support a positively chargeable photoconductive recording layer which contains in an electrically insulating organic polymeric binder material at least one photoconductive p-type pigment substance, and at least one n-type photoconductive charge transport substance selected from one of the following classes:(i) aromatic monoketones;(ii) aromatic polyketones;(iii) aromatic polyketones of (ii) condensed with at least one molecule of malonoitrile, a malononitrile monocarboxy ester or a malonic acid diester;(iv) cyano alkylene compounds;(v) aromatic compounds with at least one electron withdrawing substituent,wherein said layer has a thickness in the range of 4 to 40 .mu.m and comprises 5 to 40% by weight of said p-type pigment substance and 0.

Abstract: New electrophotographic elements contain electron-transport agents comprising certain new chemical compounds, which are derivatives of 4H-thiopyran-1,1-dioxides.

Abstract: An electrophotographic printing plate comprising a conductive support having provided thereon a photoconductive insulating layer containing:(1) at least one organic photoconductive compound,(2) at least one sensitizer selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (A-I), (A-II), (B), (C-I), (C-II), (C-III), (C-IV), (D) or (E); ##STR1## . (3) at least one amide compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (I), (II), or (III); ##STR2## and (4) a binder resin soluble or dispersible in an alkaline solvent (wherein symbols in formulae are defined as in claim 1). The printing plate exhibits high sensitivity sufficient to respond to a laser light source and provides a printing plate free from background stains.

Abstract: Cyanine dyes, particularly indocyanine dyes, having at least 7 carbon atoms in the polymethine chain which may possess a fused cyclopentene or cyclohexene ring in the form of a tri-iodide salt exhibit a substantial reduction in the propensity to associate compared to dyes having the identical cation but different anion. The tri-iodide salts are particularly useful as sensitizers in organic photoconductor systems.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photosensitive member having a charge transporting layer containing a new enamine compound which has a specific substituent on the terminal carbon of the enamine bone, which give an excellent charge transportability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive member, which comprises enamine compounds having a specific substituent on the nitrogen atom constituting the enamine bone, and has an excellent charge transportability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive member containing a specific hydrazone compound for a charge transporting agent, which is improved in sensitivity, chargeability, resistivity over repeated use and stability.

Abstract: An improved photosensitive material for electrophotography, said material comprising a mixture of a polyvinylcarbazole or a derivative thereof together with a sensitizing dye consisting of certain alkyl substituted indocyanine derivates, particularly the perchlorates.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition for electrophotography comprising polyvinyl carbazole, a charge-generating organic pigment, and as a sensitizing agent a silicone oil, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of the resulting photosensitive layer and improving the aging characteristic thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photopolymerizable vehicle and method for the selective photopolymerization of said vehicle by the application of a plurality of different selected wavelengths of energy wherein any single wavelength of energy is inadequate for effecting said photopolymerization. The method comprises sequentially applying a plurality of different selected wavelengths of energy to said vehicle whereby polymerization is effected at the intersection of said wavelengths of energy.

Abstract: There are provided photoconductive compounds wherein 3-substituted N-alkyl carbazole groups and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid moieties are attached directly or via spacer groups to a polymeric backbone. The photoconductive compounds can be used in devices based on the photoconductivity of such compounds, such as sensors or the like, said compounds being used in the form of a film or a coating. The maximum sensitivity of such sensors is in the IR region.

Abstract: An electrophotographic recording material consists of (A) an electrically conductive base and (B) a photoconductor layer containing (a) a polymeric binder, which either is itself capable of transporting charge carriers or contains charge carrier-transporting compounds, and (b) sensitizers, with or without (c) other additives conventionally used in photoconductor layers.Compounds (c), used according to the invention are compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, Hal is Cl or Br and n is an integer from 2 to 6. The compounds (IV) are present as a molecular-disperse solution in the polymer matrix.The recording materials are highly photosensitive over the entire visible range of light, and are therefore very useful for reprographic purposes.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member constructed with a layer comprising an electron acceptor and a layer comprising an electron donor, both layers being supported by an electrically conductive substrate with themselves superposed upon each other to form a thin layer of charge-transfer complex at the interface between the two layers.

Abstract: Photoconductive compositions composed of an organic photoconductor or a dye-sensitized organic photoconductor are disclosed. The compositions have their sensitivity increased by the addition of a thioamide compound to the photoconductive composition. The photoconductive compositions are used in constructing electrophotographic light-sensitive materials having sufficiently high sensitivity for practical use. Various specific thioamide compounds which have been found to be effective are disclosed.

Abstract: A photoconductive composition containing as essential components a photoconductive polymer and 1,4-bis(.beta.-cyano-.beta.-alkoxycarbonylvinyl)benzene represented by the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R represents a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or an isopropyl group, present in an amount of about 0.02 mol to 0.5 mol per mol of a .pi.-electron system-containing constitutional repeating unit present in the photoconductive polymer, and which forms a charge transfer complex with the photoconductive polymer through the .pi.-electron system having optical sensitivities in the ultraviolet to visible regions; and an electrophotographic light-sensitive material incorporating the aforesaid photoconductive composition in a layer on a support having a conductive surface.

Abstract: A light-sensitive organic photoconductorcontaining photoconductive composition for electrophotography is disclosed. The composition has greatly increased light sensitive created by the incorporation of a thiourea compound. The photoconductive composition may further contain a sensitizing dye capable of increasing the sensitivity of the organic photoconductor.

Abstract: A photoconductive composition comprising an organic photoconductive substance and at least one compound represented by the general formula (I) or (II) ##STR1## wherein X is an alkyl group, a substituted alkyl group, an aryl group, a substituted aryl group, an alkoxyl group, a substituted alkoxyl group, an aryloxyl group, or a substituted aryloxy group, n and m are each an integer of 1 or 2, and l and k are each an integer of from 1 to 4, and, optionally, a sensitizing dye capable of increasing the sensitivity of the organic photoconductive substance, and an electrophotographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having an electrically conductive surface and a layer of the photoconductive composition layer on the support. This electrophotographic light-sensitive material has sensitivity and superior stability with time.

Abstract: A photoconductive composition is disclosed which is comprised of an organic photoconductor and a diacylamine compound. The composition may also contain a sensitizing dye for sensitizing the organic photoconductor. In addition there is disclosed an electrophotographic light-sensitive material having on a conductive support a photoconductive light-sensitive layer composed of the foregoing photoconductive composition. The addition of the diacylamine compound greatly increases the light sensitivity of the photoconductive composition containing an organic photoconductor.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic photosensitive material for electrophotography comprising a charge-transporting medium composed mainly of polyvinyl carbazole and a perylene type pigment as a charge-generating pigment dispersed in said charge-transporting medium, wherein 1 to 30 parts by weight of a halo-naphthoquinone and 1 to 100 parts by weight of phenanthrene or pyrene are incorporated per 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl carbazole.This photosensitive material is excellent in the sensitivity and the resistance to the repeated light exposure.

Abstract: A photoconductive composition and an electrophotographic light-sensitive material prepared using the photoconductive composition are described. The photoconductive composition comprises an organic photoconductive material and a urea compound, and may further contain a sensitizing dye capable of increasing the light sensitivity of the organic photoconductive material. The electrophotographic light-sensitive material comprises a support having an electrically conductive surface and a layer of the photoconductive composition, provided on the support. Typical urea compounds as used herein are represented by the general formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## (wherein all the symbols are described in the specification). The use of the urea compound increases the sensitivity of the organic photoconductive material making it possible to use the organic material in connection with the preparation of electrophotographic light-sensitive materials.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive composition for electrophotography, which comprises 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl carbazole, 5 to 50 parts by weight of a perylene pigment and 5 to 50 parts by weight of a halonaphthoquinone.

Abstract: An electrophotographic member having increased sensitivity to a longer wave length formulated of a complex formed by the reaction of Ninhydrin with a tertiary amine and which includes a polyalkenyl carbazole.

Abstract: A photoconductive composition comprising a photoconductive substance and a thiobarbituric acid derivative, and an electrophotographic light-sensitive medium comprising a support having a layer of the photoconductive composition thereon.

Abstract: A thiopyrylium compound having t-butyl groups at the 2- and 6-positions of the thiopyrylium nucleus, having a main absorption near the red region, i.e., 600 to 700 nm but substantially no side absorption near 400 nm, and useful as a sensitizer for a photoconductive composition.

Abstract: A photoconductive layer embodies the combination of an organic photoconductive donor compound, such as poly(N-vinyl) carbazole and derivatives thereof, and an acceptor-sensitizer compound having the general formula ##STR1## in which M is a metal such as boron, aluminum, gallium, indium and thallium, X and Y are oxygen sulphur, nitrogen, phosphorus, antimony or selenium, Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkaryl or heterocyclic groups, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are substituted or unsubstituted aryl, alkaryl, alkyl or alicyclic groups, and n is 2 or 3.

Abstract: Electron donor compounds for use in electrophotographic constructions must be sensitized to desired regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Novel bis-benzocarbazole derivatives which can be used as organic electron donor compounds have been found to be sensitized by polyquinoid and polyanthroquinoid dyes.

Abstract: Organic electron donor compounds for use in electrophotographic constructions tend to suffer from problems of molecular weight non-uniformity and oxidation. Bis-benzocarbazole derivatives have been found to resist the oxidation and oligomerization which are a source of these problems.

Abstract: Photoconductive compositions and electrophotographic photoreceptive materials are described containing a photo-conductive substance and a 5-nitrofurfural derivative represented by formula (1) ##STR1## wherein A represents atoms which form, together with the carbon atom, a moiety represented by one of formulae (2) to (10) ##STR2## wherein R represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, X represents a group having a Hammett .sigma. value of at least 0.

Abstract: Organic electron donor compounds for use in electrophotographic constructions must ordinarily be sensitized to desired regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Imidazo[4,5-b] quinoxaline cyanine dyes having phenylsulfonyl or benzoyl substituents have been found to be efficient sensitizers for such organic donor compounds.

Abstract: A photoconductive composition comprising a photoconductive substance and a thiobarbituric acid derivative, and an electrophotographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having a layer of the photoconductive composition thereon.

Abstract: Photoconductive compositions and materials including photoconductive substances and spectral sensitizers, are described; the sensitizers comprise diazastyryl dyes represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group, R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represent an alkyl group or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together represent a group completing nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups and A represents a group completing (a) benzothiazolium ring, (b) thiazolium ring, (c) imidazolium ring, (d) triazolium ring, (e) thiadiazolium ring, (f) pyridinium ring, (g) indazolium ring or (h) indolenium ring.

Abstract: Polycyanoanthracenes containing three or more cyano groups, and in particular the novel compound 2,6,9,10-tetracyanoanthracene, are sensitizers for organic photoconductors.

Abstract: A photoconductive composition comprising a photoconductive substance and at least one spectral sensitizer selected from azacyanines represented by formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) or (V) ##STR1## and a photosensitive member containing such a spectral sensitizer.

Abstract: 2,6-Di-tert-Butyl-4-substituted thiopyrylium salt represented by formula (I), a process for production of said salt and a photoconductive composition containing said salt. ##STR1## wherein Z.sup..crclbar. is an anion, X is a hydrogen atom, an aryl group, a substituted aryl group or an alkyl group, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and include alkyl groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive element for electrophotography comprising on an electrically conductive support a charge carrier generating phase and a charge carrier transport phase containing a P-type organic semiconductor, a poly-N-vinylcarbazole and/or its derivative, a Lewis Acid and a Bronsted acid.

Abstract: For reversal development of an electrical potential pattern formed by imagewise exposure of a uniformly charged photoconductive layer, the charging of the layer is restricted to such a level below its breakdown voltage that the contact between the photoconductive layer and the toner powder used in the development step is insulating, and a magnetisable and inductively attractable toner powder is applied for the development. The toner powder is applied by means of a magnetic brush device comprising a conductive development roller which is provided with an electrical potential suited for reversal development. Preferably the photoconductive layer is charged to a level of at most 35-75% of its breakdown voltage, and a scorotron preferably is used for the charging. The photoconductive layer may comprise a photoconductive polymer and/or a bisazo pigment as photosensitive compound, or may be a layer of "pink" zinc oxide dispersed in a binder.

Abstract: 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-[5-(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4H-thiopyran-4-ylidene)penta-1,3- dienyl]thiopyrylium salts, which are novel, colorless, transparent, having an adsorption in the far infrared to near infrared region and capable of imparting high sensitivity to photoconductive substance; process for producing the salts; and a photoconductive composition containing the salt.

Abstract: A photosensitive material for use in electrophotography which comprises a conductive support, a first layer consisting essentially of a substance capable of generating a conductive carrier through light absorption and an electron donor or an electron acceptor, and a second layer consisting essentially of an electron acceptor or an electron donor, to wit, a substance constituting the opposite party of the electron donor or the electron acceptor contained in the first layer, said first and second layers being formed in that order on said conductive support.

Abstract: In a laminated photosensitive material for electrophotography, an intermediate layer comprising, incorporated in a binder, phthalocyanine or a phthalocyanine derivative and a polycyclic aromatic nitro compound at a specific ratio is formed on an electrically conductive substrate, and a top layer comprising an organic polymeric photoconductor and the above polycyclic aromatic nitro compound at a specific ratio is laminated on the intermediate layer. In this photosensitive material, the dark decay speed is controlled in a range suitable for application to the repeated copying operation and the residual potential left on the exposure area can be reduced to a negligible level. Accordingly, occurrence of fogging is prevented and the toner transfer efficiency is improved. Further, this photosensitive material has improved mechanical, chemical and electric durabilities, and therefore, the life of the photosensitive material is remarkably prolonged.

Abstract: A member for electrostatographic reproduction formed of a substrate and having a photoconductive layer characterized by a sensitivity to light which is greater at the outer portions than at the center to compensate for fall-off at the extremes of radiation patterns.

Abstract: Disclosed is a recording material comprising a first transparent, dielectric support member having on one surface thereof a plurality of first elongated, electrically conductive regions extending adjacent one another in spaced relationship; a layer comprising a photo-conductive, thermoplastic material adjacent to, but spaced from, the surface of the first support member; and a second transparent dielectric support member positioned contiguous to the photo-conductive layer on the side opposite the first support member, the second support member having on the surface thereof adjacent the photo-conductive layer a plurality of second elongated, electrically conductive regions extending adjacent one another in spaced relationship, the longitudinal axis of each of the second elongated, electrically conductive regions extending generally transversely to the longitudinal axis of each of the first elongated, electrically conductive regions to form cross-over regions.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition which comprises an electron donative organic photoconductive compound and a sensitizer having the formula ##STR1## wherein A represents an aromatic group or heterocyclic group which can be substituted by an inert group; R represents cyano, nitro, akoxycarbonyl, aryl or carbamoyl group; and n is 0 or 1.