Abstract: A method of painting a five-sided container, which includes applying a water-based paint to the interior surfaces and the exterior surfaces of the container, and forcing heated air into the open side of the container to at least partially dry the paint on the interior surfaces and the exterior surfaces of the container.

Abstract: A conveyor oven is provided. The oven housing has a substantially rectangular box frame, clad with a top wall and side walls downwardly depending from the top wall, and a bottom wall connecting the side walls, all defining an interior baking chamber. The baking chamber is heated by a heat source in excess of 700° F. An endless conveyor transports food items to be baked through the baking chamber. The oven has an intermediate panel ceiling assembly disposed within the baking chamber. The assembly has a plurality of ceiling panel holders mounted above the conveyor and spaced below the top wall, each ceiling panel holder substantially spanning the width of the baking chamber. At least one ceiling panel is held within each ceiling panel holder, which is exposed on both sides to the baking chamber for absorbing and distributing heat in the baking chamber.

Abstract: The apparatus for the continuous catalytic removal of binder from metallic and/or ceramic shaped bodies produced by powder injection molding, which comprises a binder removal furnace through which the shaped bodies pass in a transport direction and are brought to a suitable process temperature, a feed facility for introduction of a process gas which is required for binder removal and comprises a reactant, at least one facility for the introduction of a protective gas into a reaction space of the binder removal furnace and a flare to burn the gaseous reaction products obtained in binder removal, wherein one or more devices which lead to a flow of the process gas directed transversely to the transport direction in the apparatus are present.

Abstract: The suction ports of a hot air blowing heater are arranged in a zigzag shape crossing the direction of travel of a printed circuit board, and hot air discharge nozzles project from inside or alongside the suction ports. Accordingly, in the reflow furnace according to the present invention, hot air discharged from the hot air discharge nozzles does not collide with hot air sucked into the suction ports, and turbulence does not take place.

Abstract: A superheated steam generator includes an introduction section for introducing saturated steam into hollow pipe members arranged as steam flow passages and acting as inductively heated elements, and a discharge section for discharging superheated steam from the flow passages, wherein a turbulence generator is disposed in each of the steam flow passages to accelerate heat transfer to the steam in the pipe members, wherein the turbulence generator is a zigzag bent member disposed in the steam flow passage, and a zigzag bending pitch of the bent member changes from rough to minute from the introduction section to the discharge section.

Abstract: An oven assembly for baking coatings applied to an object includes a housing with a header receiving pressurized air from a ventilator disposed outside the oven. A heater provides heat to the pressurized air received from the ventilator raising the temperature of the pressurized air to between about two and four times curing temperature in Fahrenheit degrees of the coatings applied to the object. The header extends from the heater into the housing. The header has nozzles disposed at spaced locations directing pressurized air at the temperature being between about two and four times the curing temperature in Fahrenheit degrees of the coating applied to the object toward predetermined locations on the object.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooking oven for bread, patisserie and pastry products or similar, including at least one cooking chamber with a fixed or moving floor, on which products are supported during cooking, whether directly or on a suitable cooking support, such as a plate a mesh or a cooking mold. There is also a radiant heating device for the floor arranged under the floor, called a floor hotplate. The floor and the floor hotplate have a space therebetween, the space being provided for closed-circuit convective circulation of a heating fluid, the floor having a permeable embodiment for a complementary heating of the products through the same by convection. The oven permits a combination at the floor of heating by conduction and radiation with heating by convection.

Abstract: An oven for baking a batch of parts has a housing having side walls and a top wall defining a closed container with a closed top end and an open downwardly facing bottom end. Loading/unloading occurs at the bottom end onto a carriage raised to the top end where baking occurs. On each side is provided an array of heating elements below the top. A shield is located in front of the heating array so as to block direct radiation onto the parts to prevent over-heating as the carrying arrangement passes the heating array to be unloaded. The shield generates an upwardly flowing air stream to carry the heat to the top. The heating elements are mounted with their lower end in a connection box with a collar and insulated heat shield above the box to keep the electrical connections cooled.

Abstract: A furnace (12) and a method for heating coated glass sheets by radiant heating also provides convective heating by hot air jets that entrain hot air within the furnace so the combined flow of hot air heats an upwardly facing coated glass surface in addition to the radiant heating, and a control (89) increases this convective heating during the conveyance to balance the heating and the resultant temperature of the upwardly facing coated surface and a downwardly facing uncoated surface of each conveyed glass sheet. A hot air distributing system (86) includes an array (90) of hot air distributors (92) constructed to effectively supply the convective heating. The hot air distributors (92) have heat exchangers (96) that heat pressurized air that provides the hot air jets. The furnace (12) conveys the glass sheets either in an oscillating manner or a continuous one direction manner during the heating.

Abstract: An apparatus for curing paint on a surface of a vehicle body includes an oven enclosure having an oven section for receiving the vehicle body. A plurality of radiant tube heating elements is disposed in the oven section and each of the radiant heating tube elements has an exterior surface. An oven heater includes at least one burner disposed therein and is positioned external to the oven section. The oven heater is connected to the heating elements for providing heat energy to the oven section. A control means is connected to the oven heater for turning the oven burner on and off to maintain a predetermined temperature at the exterior surfaces of the heating elements whereby uncured paint on a surface of a vehicle body in the oven section is cured.

Abstract: The invention provides a process and installation for the treatment of a solid. The process includes passing the solid along a kiln having a hollow interior, while supporting the solid on supports moved successively along the kiln and heating the solid, by radiant heat, to a temperature at which it undergoes an endothermic chemical reaction. The installation includes a kiln having a hollow interior with an inlet end and an outlet end, a roof, a floor and a pair of opposed side walls, and a path for supports loaded with the solid to pass successively along in the interior, from the inlet end to the outlet end, the path extending along the floor. The installation includes heating surfaces for radiating heat towards the solid on supports passing along the path, and a plurality of supports, movable in succession along the path.

Abstract: A refuse incineration plant is disclosed which utilizes a continuous rail system to transport refuse from a loading area into a burn core, from the burn core to an ash removal area, and back to the refuse loading area. Smoke and exhaust generated by the incineration process is sensed to control the incineration burn cycle, thereby allowing a variable burn cycle depending upon the composition of the refuse incinerated therein. Once sensed, the smoke and exhaust from the incineration process is exhausted into a filtration system having a main mixing tank and a number of filter condenser tanks coupled in series ascending/descending gaseous communication. The main mixing tank utilizes a series of baffle plates which aids in the mixing of the smoke/exhaust with water vapor as delivered within the main mixing tank by a series of water vapor spray jets. A cooling unit is also utilized to cool the mixture and aid in the condensation thereof.

Abstract: In order to prevent air pollution, gases evaporated from articles preheated in a preheating chamber of a continuous furnace are automatically and compulsorily sucked into a high-temperature chamber annexed to the preheating chamber by creating a negative pressure working in the high-temperature chamber. After the gases have been completely oxidized and decomposed in the high-temperature chamber at a high temperature and under an excess of oxygen, they are exhausted outside of the furnace via an exhaust-pipe extending through the preheating chamber, so that they join to heat the preheating chamber.

Abstract: A tower furnace for the heat treatment of metal strips comprises a muffle (3) extending over the entire furnace height, through which muffle passes the strip (6). At the top of the muffle (3) an insulated stopper (1) with an electric heater (2) has been inserted into the muffle (3). Below this stopper (1) a gas-heated preheating space (4) is provided in the muffle (3).

Abstract: A reverse air flow oven for symmetrically heating product inserted within a heating chamber in the oven. The oven includes duct work configured symmetrically about the heating chamber, and a fan provides continuous circulation through the duct work and the heating chamber. The duct work also includes a pair of doors having complimentary configurations so that in one configuration, the air flow is in a first direction, and in the complimentary configuration, the doors cause air flow in the opposite direction. Further, a perforated plate regulates and equalizes air flow across the heating chamber and includes valve plates for controlling a build up of static pressure within the heating chamber.

Abstract: A means for curing heat-curable paint on vehicle panels includes an elongate pipe defining an internal combustion chamber with a fuel burner at one end of the pipe and means for removing combustion products from the other end of the pipe. The pipe is clamped in a substantially horizontal position and has "bellows" means allow for thermal contraction and expansion. Two part-cylindrical baffles are supported at opposite sides of the pipe but spaced therefrom and from each other so as to define an upper elongate opening. Ignition means are provided to ignite fuel within the burner, to initiate combustion whereby the outer surface of the pipe emits radiant heat primarily through the upper elongate opening, while convective heat is transferred to air passing upwardly between the baffles and the pipe.

Abstract: This invention discloses a furnace in which hot gases are discharged from heaters to provide uniform heating to printed circuit boards commonly used in the electronic industry. Outside air is prevented from flowing into the furnace, so as to reduce and to stabilize the concentration of oxygen. The furnace 1 is designed with an air tunnel 2 to separate it into upper and lower sections which are fitted with hot air blow type heaters 5a, 5b. The hot air discharged from the heaters in the upper and lower sections flow in opposite directions to create a counter-flow of gases. Each individual heater can produce its own hot air circuit. They are designed with the blowing outlet and suction inlet in the same structure with the blowing outlet fitted with a redirectional flow plate 18 which directs the hot air to the suction inlet.

Abstract: An improved cooling arrangement is disclosed for an industrial heat treat furnace. The furnace includes a closed end cylindrical heat treat chamber in which a plenum plate is suspended adjacent the rear end thereof. The plenum plate has a central underpressure opening and a fan between the rearward end of the furnace and the plate develops a wind mass which circulates into the furnace chamber and is drawn back into the fan through the plates central underpressure opening. Between the plenum plate and the furnace rearward end is positioned a first fixed fan diffuser followed by a second fixed fan diffuser. The first fan diffuser permits wind mass flow therethrough when the fan is rotated in a first direction but not in a second direction and similarly the second fan diffuser permits wind mass flow therethrough when the fan is rotated in a second direction but not in a first direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating and conveying a granular material is disclosed, and which comprises an elongate trough, and a framework mounting a plurality of transverse blades mounted above the trough. The framework is moved along a closed path of travel so that the blades move through a forward stroke, a lifting stroke, a return stroke, and a downward stroke which returns the blades to their original position. Thus a granular material may be moved along the length of the trough in a series of sequential steps. Also, the blades are internally heated, and the bottom wall of the trough is also heated, to effect heating of the advancing granular material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hardening furnace, in particular for sheets of glass (2) and the like. In the furnace, the glass sheets (2) are sustained and transported by a conveyor plane (1) of the roller type above and beneath which plane an upper radiating surface (3) and a lower radiating surface (4) are arranged. The upper radiating surface (3) is composed of a plurality of longitudinal strips (31) arranged side-by-side and parallel to the movement direction of the plane (1), while the lower radiating surface (4) is constituted by a plurality of transversal strips (41) arranged transversally to the said movement direction. Each of the strips (31 and 41) is separated from the contiguous strips and represents the lower and upper walls of chambers (32 and 42) separated one from the other. In each said chamber (32 and 42) there is a device which confers regulatable thermal energy, for example, a radiating tube (15).

Abstract: A burner unit for heating a gaseous medium includes a heat exchanger provided with tubes, a space between the tubes connected on the upstream side to a feed duct for the gaseous medium; a combustion chamber connected to the downstream side of the space between the tubes; a burner placed in the combustion chamber; and a fuel supply duct connected to the burner. The side of the combustion chamber remote from the heat exchanger is connected to a first end of the tubes; and a flue gas outlet duct is connected to the other end of the tubes. The elongation of the tubes forming part of the heat exchanger renders the use of a conventional tube plate superfluous. Thus, damage resulting from thermal stresses is avoided.

Abstract: A curing apparatus used in manufacturing semiconductor devices including high-temperature gas chamber and heating chamber communicated with slits formed in a partition plate installed between the two chambers. Gas diffusion plates are installed in the gas chamber at right angles against the flow of gas so that the diffused and uniform high-temperature gas passes through slits and blown onto workpieces placed directly beneath the slits.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process suitable for thermally processing a material containing substances that can be degraded or altered by heat and substances that are heat resistant. The process involves predrying the material in a drying zone and a preheating zone and baking the material in a baking zone. The material is predried in the preheating zone in the presence of a minimal quantity of oxygen and in the baking zone in the presence of an increased quantity of oxygen. An indirect supply of hot gas is used for the baking step. A device for carrying out the process is also provided.

Abstract: An improved radiant tube heater is disclosed utilizing a burner operating with an excess of either gas or air together with the remote injection of the required air or gas to match the excess and produce a staged combustion.

Abstract: Process and apparatus employing flame ashing for stripping photoresist from a substrate in the manufacture of a semiconductor device. The substrate is exposed to the flame with the photoresist to be removed being contacted directly by the flame to oxidize, or ash, the photoresist. The flame is produced by burning oxygen and a gaseous fuel, and the rate of ashing is increased by preheating the substrate. Nitrogen, a nitrogen-containing gas or an inert gas is added to the fuel to provide a cooler flame and an improved ashing rate. In one disclosed embodiment, the oxygen and the gaseous fuel are discharged through a plurality of spaced apart openings in a burner and the substrate is moved relative to the flames to successively ash different portions of the photoresist.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a method for controlling the preheating zone of a tunnel kiln which includes firing and cooling zones. The method comprises forcedly blowing air from the entire ceiling portion of the preheating zone in the downward direction to diffuse hot combustion gas present in the upper portion and to reducing a difference in temperature between the upper and lower portions of the preheating zone. Air may be blown into the preheating zone at a flow rate determined from the quantity of the combustion gas within the preheating zone.

Abstract: A fuel fired heat treating furnace having an imperforate inner shell for containing a work load in isolation. The shell is made of a refractory material which provides a good heat exchange from the outside to the inside. A multiplicity of hot gas streams is directed under pressure against the outside of the shell by means of a circulation system which includes a plenum, a fan within the plenum and a plurality of apertured distributor tubes extending from one end of the shell to the other. Fuel burners exhaust combustion gases into the system on the discharge side of the fan where the gases mix with returning gases from the intake side of the fan and are fed into the distributor tubes.

Abstract: A housing open at both ends has opposed concaved radiant emitter walls which are disposed on opposite sides of a conveyor for defining a drying chamber through which the conveyor moves freshly coated objects. Heated air from a closure is fed to outer cavities in the housing and this air passes inwardly through nozzle ports in partition plates to impinge and heat the walls. A major portion of the air returns to be reheated in the closure. Fresh air is introduced, in heat exchanging relationship to the heated air, to ducts which discharge into the drying chamber. Overhead fans selectively circulate turbulent or laminar air in the drying chamber. Air is withdrawn from both the drying chamber and the outer cavities via over head exhaust ducts. A computer and sensors control the temperature of the emitter walls by controlling the heating of the heated air.

Abstract: A thermally insulating block array is partially covered by thermal conducting sheets so as to enhance re-radiation of heat losses from a heated product in order to facilitate effective temprature control. The thermal conducting sheets preferably cover the face of the thermal insulating blocks which face the heated product and preferably cover the lateral surfaces of the blocks and portions of the rear surface to resist direct exposure of the thermal insulating block to the heated product.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery apparatus is disclosed which recovers the waste heat of high temperature exhaust gas discharged from a furnace. The apparatus includes a radiation body made of ceramic material, which is formed with a heat radiation surface arranged adjacent to an exhaust gas outlet of the furnace, and directed toward the inside of the furnace. The radiation body has a plurality of regular channels allowing passage of the exhaust gas therethrough. Exhaust gas passes through the channels and heats the radiation body, and a substantial amount of the holding heat of the exhaust gas is radiated from the radiation surface toward the inside of the furnace, allowing an efficient waste heat recovery.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improving the surface characteristics of wax-based material such as a deodorant or anti-perspirant stick housed in a container is provided. The apparatus comprises a hollow walled housing having an inlet and outlet portion. A plurality of rows of horizontally mounted endless conveyors each comprised of a plurality of interconnected conveyor feet are mounted in the housing for moving containers therethrough in reciprocating fashion. A plurality of spaced separators are mounted between the rows and containers move sequentially through these rows from the inlet to the outlet of the housing. A duct system is connected with the housing for circulating air through the housing and creating a reduced pressure therein. A plurality of heating units arranged in sequence are mounted over the rows which units are capable of melting the wax-based material.

Abstract: A non-oxidizing firing furnace for ceramic articles, which comprises a furnace chamber filled with a non-oxidizing gas, a conveyor mechanism provided on the floor portion of the furnace chamber and adapted to move the ceramic articles oppositely to a direction in which the non-oxidizing gas is flown through the furnace chamber for firing the ceramic articles; and at least one partition wall with the surface being composed of molybdenum which partition wall is provided at the ceiling portion of the furnace chamber to define a low temperature zone on the inlet side for the ceramic articles and a high temperature zone.

Abstract: A tunnel dryer and method for drying unfired bricks or similar objects in which the tunnel comprises exhaust means for exhausting heated gases within the tunnel, partition means disposed in the drying space of the tunnel consisting of at least one vertically adjustable partition positioned upstream of the exhaust means, and means for positioning the vertically adjustable partition at an intermediate level within the drying space of the tunnel to define an effective drying zone for the unfired bricks.

Abstract: An ingot furnace pusher furnace includes a fixed baffle assembly suspended from a furnace top wall. The baffle assembly includes a horizontal top baffle plate and a bottom baffle sheet disposed below the top plate. The bottom baffle sheet consist of a center portion and a pair of first and second upwardly sloping end portions connected to the center portion. The center portion is positioned substantially parallel to an upper suface of a center portion of the ingot. A first deflection baffle is rotatably supported at its one end by a pipe to the baffle assembly adjacent the first sloping end portion. A second deflection baffle is rotatably supported at its one end by a pipe to the baffle assembly adjacent the second sloping end portion. Linkage devices are connected to the other ends of the first and second deflection baffles for moving the same between a horizontal position parallel to the upper surface of the ingot and an acute angle position relative to the horizontal position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curing device to provide at least partial curing of different materials and is particularly suited with mangled materials. The device itself comprises a curing region to receive the material, an incinerator for generating heated gases with closed ducting extending through the curing region from the incinerator and a fan for blowing the heated gases through the ducting. Provided within the curing region is a belt-like carrier, for carrying the material through the curing region, with the carrier being heat conductive and in heat exchange with the ducting, whereby heat from the heated gases is transferred from the ducting, through the carrier, to the material, to effect the curing without the gases blowing directly on and disturbing the material.

Abstract: A procelain enameling furnace includes a combined entrance/exit zone, an air seal section, a radiation/convection heat transfer section, and a heating section. The entrance/exit zone receives an incoming cool ware and discharges an outgoing hot ware at substantially the same location. The air seal section prevents loss of heat from the furnace through the entrance/exit zone. In the heat transfer section, the incoming ware is parallel to and travels in the opposite direction to the outgoing ware for transferring heat therebetween by radiation and convection. The heating section includes a pre-heating zone and at least one heating zone. The pre-heating zone is formed of U-shaped heat exchanger tubes through which the incoming ware passes following the heat transfer section. The heating zone is formed of U-shaped radiant heating tubes for heating the cool ware following the pre-heating zone.

Abstract: A food preparation oven for baking foods which require less heat energy input into a first surface than into a second surface such as pizzas. A radiant panel is provided which is heated by means of hot air and which is positioned to heat one surface of the food product by radiant heat energy. The second surface of the food product is heated by means of a flow of hot air. The air is heated in a heating chamber and recirculated by means of a fan. The food product is supported on a conveyor belt and travels through the food preparation oven while it is being baked.

Abstract: A furnace for preheating and homogenizing aluminum ingots prior to hot rolling same wherein the heating efficiency is improved thus reducing the time required to heat the ingots to the homogenizing temperature. The furnace comprises an elongated housing having a ceiling, a floor and a pair of side walls extending from the floor to the ceiling for defining a chamber which is divided into an upper fan section and a lower ingot heating section. A plurality of fans are disposed in the upper fan section for circulating hot gases to the ingot heating section of the chamber. Baffles are associated with the side walls of the furnace for directing the hot gases toward the lower portion of the ingot heating section so as to cause the hot gases to flow between the ingots to be heated so as to contact the entire side wall surfaces thereof improving heating efficiency.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for equalizing the temperature of conveyor rolls in a glass-tempering furnace, said furnace comprising a thermally insulated housing (1) confining a heating chamber (8), conveyor rolls (4), extending horizontally between the side walls of chamber (8) and lying one after the other in the lengthwise direction of the chamber, heating resistors (5 and 6) in the chamber above and below the array of conveyor rolls, as well as means for driving the conveyor rolls unidirectionally during a first cycle and reciprocally during a second cycle. Since the reciprocating movement means that a glass sheet remains longer in contact with the midsection rolls, these rolls cool more rapidly. In order to equalize the temperature of the rolls, the end sections of the furnace are provided with screen plates (7) mounted between heating resistors (6) below the array of conveyor rolls and the rolls (4) themselves.

Abstract: In a continuous heating furnace, particularly in a preheating chamber thereof, forced heat convections of an atmosphere gas are produced to heat articles rapidly. The convections which circulate transversely to a longitudinal axis of the furnace, retard an axial flow of the atmosphere gas. This retardation is lassened by having the convections flown portionally as branch streams toward an intake opening of the furnace by means of novel baffle plate or vane means which are provided in the preheating chamber so as to be outside a moving path of articles through the chamber and within circulating paths of convections.

Abstract: An ingot pusher furnace includes a horizontal baffle assembly suspended from a frame member located above a furnace top wall. The baffle assembly includes of a center portion and a pair of first and second upwardly sloping end portions connected to the center portion. The center portion is positioned substantially parallel to an upper surface of a center portion of the ingot. A first upper horizontal baffle is connected by a first gusset to the first sloping end portion. The first upper baffle is positioned substantially parallel to and above a first end portion of the ingot. A second upper horizontal baffle is connected by a second gusset to the second sloping end portion. The second upper baffle is positioned substantially parallel to and above a second end portion of the ingot.

Abstract: A kiln producing a uniform temperature distribution within the kiln heating chamber and enabling maximum use of heating chamber volume. The heat source is provided by a high-velocity flow of heating gas, which is introduced into the heating chamber through an orifice in a chamber wall. A deflector plate is positioned proximate to, and spaced apart from, the chamber wall so as to overlie the orifice in the path of the high-velocity flow. The dimensions and spacing of the deflector plate may be chosen so as to produce a flow of heat gas primarily parallel to the adjacent wall of the heating chamber and so that the parallel flow will maintain its substantial integrity along the wall much beyond the extremities of the deflector plate. Appropriately positioned gas-entrance ports with associated deflector plates in the kiln are found to produce a uniform temperature distribution without the sacrifice of otherwise usable heating chamber volume.

Abstract: A ceramic material firing furnace, wherein heat is supplied through perforated plates provided on the furnace crown and furnace channel slabs. The plates have an upper face and lower face interconnected by ribs, and are supported by silicon carbide beams.

Abstract: The method relates to the hardening of form substances made of building materials and containing binding agents in a pressure chamber of an autoclave to which is conveyed a gaseous heating medium, the temperature of which is increased during a heating-up phase up to a given upper limit value. During a holding phase, the temperature is maintained at least until a given equalization temperature is reached on the inside of the form substances. Subsequently, during a cooling-down phase, the temperature is reduced by reducing the pressure to the expulsion temperature. Porous light building materials in a conventional process would absorb a high amount of water through the condensation of water resulting from steam having been conveyed into the autoclave for the purpose of hardening.

Abstract: The combustion system includes a hearth lined with refractory, a combustion chamber formed in the refractory, an air manifold mounted on the hearth, a plurality of gas manifolds extending through the air manifold and into the combustion chamber, and a diffuser mounted on the manifolds to cause turbulence in the air/gas mixture. The gas manifolds include aspirating means for combining the air and gas. The combustion chamber is elongated and has an elongated neck with a flue gas exit slot over which the work piece passes. The flue gas from the combustion of the air/gas mixture in the combustion chamber increases in velocity as the flue gas passes through the elongated neck and exits the flue gas exit slot. The slot has a length sufficient to permit the work piece to rotate 360.degree. as the work piece rotates and travels through the hearth. This causes the work piece to be uniformly heated over every square inch of its surface.

Abstract: A method for annealing semiconductor samples, especially following ion-implantation of semiconductor samples is disclosed. A furnace on a set of rails is passed over the semiconductor sample which is supported on a stationary wire basket made of low thermal mass, fine tungsten wire. The furnace temperature may be about 5.degree. above the desired anneal temperature of the semiconductor sample such that the sample temperature rises to within a few degrees of the furnace temperature within seconds. Utilizing the moveable furnace insures uniform heating without elaborate temperature control or expensive beam generating equipment.The apparatus and process of the present invention are utilized for rapid annealing of ion-implanted indium phosphide semiconductors within 10 to 30 seconds and at temperatures of approximately 700.degree. C., thereby eliminating undesired and damaging movement of impurities within the ion-implanted InP.

Abstract: An improved ingot pusher furnace having a base carrying a plurality of laterally slidable shoes with upper surfaces smoothly tapering into said base. A pair of side walls is connected to said base with a top wall connected to said side walls to define a heating enclosure. A pair of end walls are connected to the base, side walls and top walls, each of the end walls having a vestibule, including a pair of double doors therein. A baffle assembly is movably connected to the top wall to be held in spaced proximity from an ingot to be heated.

Abstract: A cooking oven utilizing in combination, convection, radiant, and pregnation heating. The apparatus includes a cooking compartment positioned between combustion chambers that provide spaced apart confronting heating surfaces which provide radiant heating, and forced circulating heating air passages, each of which have an inlet opening with a closed heated plenum chamber so as to forcibly discharge pregnating heat therethrough into the cooking compartment, with the heated air contained in the cooking chamber providing normal convection heating therein.

Abstract: A roller conveyor furnace (12) is disclosed as including at least one gas jet pump (24) for providing forced convection heating of glass sheets during conveyance on rolls (22) of the furnace conveyor (20). A source (26) of compressed gas located externally of the furnace is communicated with the gas jet pump to supply a primary gas flow thereto and induce an amplified extent of a secondary gas flow in order to provide a combined flow of heated gas that produces the forced convection heating. Upper and lower arrays (70,72) of the gas jet pumps are disclosed as being usable separately or in cooperation with each other in one embodiment to maintain temperature uniformity and glass sheet planarity. Each array includes an associated conduit support (74,76) that mounts the gas jet pumps thereof in a spaced relationship transverse to the direction of conveyance either above or below the conveyor rolls.

Abstract: A paint bake oven (10) including an outer insulated housing (12), the outer insulated housing having an inner wall surface (14). An inner housing (16) is disposed within the outer housing (12) and has an outer wall surface (18) spaced from the inner wall surface (14) to define a gas flow channel (20) therebetween. The inner housing (16) has an inner product passageway (22). A gas supply plenum (46) is disposed above the inner housings for supplying a gas flow to the gas flow channel (20). A gas exhaust passageway (38) exhausts gas from the product passageway (22). The oven (10) is characterized by including a manifold wall (28) for directing the gas flow along a flow path from the gas supply plenum (46) downwardly along the inner wall surface (20) of the outer housing (12) and then upwardly over the outer surface (18) of the inner housing (16) to uniformly distribute the gas flow over the inner housing (16).