Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor light emitting device. The semiconductor light emitting device comprises a first conductive semiconductor layer, an active layer on the first conductive semiconductor layer, and a second conductive semiconductor layer comprising a plurality of recesses on the active layer.

Abstract: A roller sealing device arranged at an access port of a continuous furnace for adapting a continuous processed planar processed material. The rolling device includes a pair of first roller carriers arranged correspondingly opposite to each other, each having a first roller assembly. Each first roller carrier includes a first sealing roller and two first auxiliary rollers; the first sealing roller and two first auxiliary rollers are pivoted to a respective one of the first roller carriers; the two first auxiliary rollers are located between the first sealing roller and the corresponding first roller carrier. The first auxiliary rollers rollingly abut against the first sealing roller and the corresponding first roller carrier. Therefore, the roller sealing device is sealed well so as to prevent the gas from leakage. The present invention further provides a gas-sealing method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the flow of combustion air, fuel and products of combustion in a heater and equalizing radiant heat flux by providing a structure on one or more of the heater walls that attaches the boundary layer and main flow to the heater wall and increases wall surface area and view angles.

Abstract: An insulating curtain assembly for a continuous furnace, having an extremely durable woven metal-wire covering protecting a thermal insulating fabric which lacks durability. A plurality of horizontally oriented hinges enable the curtain to closely follow a top surface of products having varying thicknesses when those products are entering or exiting the furnace.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling thermally processed media exiting from a thermal processor comprising: a heat conductive member which has first and second opposite sides which is positioned to receive media from a thermal processor, and which removes heat from the heated media as it passes over the first side of the member; and means for removing heat from the member by passing air in contact with and past the second side of the member to remove heat from the member.

Abstract: In furnaces for producing high purity fused silica glass boules, glass particles have a tendency to build-up adjacent the burner hole rim. It was discovered that unburned furnace gases containing silica particles where re-circulated in the furnace close to the burner hole rim and reacted with the oxygen of infiltrated air adjacent the burner hole, and thus deposited such particles in the form of a glassy build-up about the rim of the burner hole. In order to eliminate the source of oxygen adjacent the burner hole rim, a curtain of an inert gas is caused to flow through the burner hole between the sidewalls of the burner hole and the flame of the burner. Accordingly, the curtain of inert gas inhibits the combustion of the unburned hydrogen and carbon monoxide furnace gases adjacent the exit rim of the burner hole and thereby minimizes glass build-up about the burner hole rim.

Abstract: An improved staged combustion method useful with oxy-fuel combustion and in a furnace which contains a charge, wherein substoichiometric combustion and secondary oxidant injection are carried out in an orientation which forms a more oxidizing atmosphere proximate the charge surface and oxidizing gas recirculates from the secondary oxidant stream to the charge surface and back to the secondary oxidant stream.

Abstract: An improved staged combustion method useful with oxy-fuel combustion and in a furnace which contains a charge, wherein substoichiometric combustion and secondary oxidant injection are carried out in an orientation which forms a more oxidizing or a more reducing atmosphere proximate the charge surface than would be the case with a homogeneous furnace atmosphere.

Abstract: A direct-fired furnace wherein a charge-proximal stratum is established between the charge and combustion gases emanating from one or more or burners oriented above the charge, wherein the charge-proximal stratum has a different oxidative effect upon the charge than does the combustion gases.

Abstract: A gas-lance apparatus and method for injecting a rate-enhancing gas between a flame and a thermal load to augment combustion of fuel undergoing combustion in the flame. A fan-shaped main jet is introduced between the flame for producing a low pressure field of the rate-enhancing gas between the flame and the thermal load. The low pressure field deforms the flame into the shape of the main jet and draws the flame toward the thermal load. The main jet decays along its length due to entrainment of combustion-environment gas in the main jet. In order to delay such decay, a fan-shaped booster jet of rate-enhancing gas is introduced between the main jet and the thermal load. The booster jet has a higher velocity than the main jet and is positioned adjacent to the main jet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to neutralization of liquid waste products containing different organohalides. A method of combustion neutralization of liquid waste products resides in that a mixture of the liquid waste products with an alkali reagent is prepared and introduced in the form of a sprayed flow into a high-temperature stream of the fuel combustion products, sprayed water being introduced between the stream of fuel combustion products and the path of the sprayed mixture. The consumption during combustion neutralization is no less than 1.2 kg per kg of the above mixture of waste products with the alkali reagent and no more than 2.5 kg per kg of the fuel being used.

Abstract: A gas-injection lance, burner, and method for use in a high temperature heating system which provides a non-axisymmetric flow of a reaction-rate enhancing gas in sufficient proximity to the flame of the system, which extends over the surface to be heated, to create an aerodynamically reduced pressure field sufficient to deform the flame and displace it in the direction of the surface to be heated. The present method provides substantially enhanced heating with the virtual elimination of hot spots.

Abstract: The thermal treatment is effected in that hot gases are passed through the charge bed. Hot gases are passed downwardly through the charge bed in heat treating zone, oxygen-containing cooling gases are passed upwardly through the charge bed in a cooling zone, and the cooling gases which have been heated are conducted under a continuous gas hood from the cooling zone into the heat treating zone.

Abstract: A continuous combustion furnace in which the charges to be heat processed is passed through the tunnel in the kiln having three temperature zones comprising a preheating zone, a firing zone subsequent to the preheating zone and a cooling zone subsequent to the firing zone, wherein turbulant flows of atmosphere are induced in each of the temperature zones so that the charges are preheated, fired and thereafter cooled uniformly.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for substantially reducing the backmixing or backflow of gases into metal heat treating furnaces by the use of a particular gas jet and a defined flow rate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for calcining minerals, particularly limestone, in a shaft kiln having at least two vertically spaced levels including cooled hollow supports through which a solid fuel is introduced into the kiln. One feature of the present invention resides in employing a granular coal as the fuel while other features are involved with the distribution of fuel between various inlet points, suspension of the fuel in an airstream, and the mechanical construction of the fuel conduits and their support located within the shaft kiln.

Abstract: The cable is introduced into a sealing tube containing elastic sealing elements before entering the vulcanization chamber which is separated from the extruder. The elements have closed chambers which can be individually pressurized by, in each case, one line, while pressure regulation takes place by means of pressure reducing valves. Gaps can be provided between the individual chambers and they are filled by the heat transfer medium which brings about the crosslinking of the layer extruded onto cable and which passes out of the intake opening of vulcanization chamber. A leakage flow forms along the entire sealing tube and this passes through the openings of sealing elements and completely fills the annular clearance between the boundary of the opening and the cable, so that any contact between the cable and the sealing elements is at least substantially prevented. The gaps can be filled with a sealing liquid, which then forms the leakage flow instead of or together with the heat transfer medium.

Abstract: Agglomerates are fired in a sintering apparatus of the type, in which the agglomerates during transport on a travelling grate in zones along said grate are pre-dried with substantially pure warm air passing upwardly through the grate and finally dried and heated with hot process gas passing downwardly through the grate, and in which the hot process gas is generated by combusting fuel while using, as secondary air of combustion, air previously used to cool fired agglomerates. In order to reduce the quantity of gas contaminated during the firing process there is maintained in a sealing zone located between the pre-drying and final-drying zones and mechanically shielded thereagainst, by supplying air above the grate and removing air by suction from beneath the grate, pressures which are substantially equal to the pressure above the grate and the pressure beneath the grate respectively in the adjacent final-drying zone.

Abstract: A pilot flame to be positioned close to the charge opening of a cupola which uses carbon monoxide as a fuel in the presence of a fresh supply of combustion air, such carbon monoxide being drawn off from a position on the cupola where the temperature is above the self-ignition temperature of the carbon monoxide. Air preheated to a temperature above the self-ignition temperature of carbon monoxide may also be supplied.

Abstract: A process for heating the tubular joints of a heat exchanger assembly to facilitate the creation of a fluid-tight bond between the tubular elements. The joints are positioned adjacent to one or both of the heat exchanger tube sheets and a jet of flammable gas directed into the joint region generally perpendicular to the plane of the tube sheet. The velocity of the gas stream directed at the sheet is high enough to prevent the gas from mixing with ambient air and thus being ignited. Upon impacting the tube sheet, the gas stream is redirected along the sheet, reducing its speed and mixing the gas with surrounding air. A combustible blanket is thus established about the tube joints which is ignited to produce controlled heating thereof.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for direct coal firing of glass tank furnaces wherein pulverized coal entrained in an air stream is impelled through a nozzle into the furnace and combusted in the atmosphere directly above the melt in a glass furnace, to form a luminous flame, the direct coal firing preferably being used in conjunction with supplementary conventional heat sources.