Abstract: A drying device includes a plurality of guide rollers and a heater. The plurality of guide rollers is configured to contact a liquid applied face of a drying target object that is conveyed with liquid applied to the liquid applied face, while the drying target object is dried. The plurality of guide rollers includes at least one guide roller having a surface roughness of from 2 to 8. The heater is configured to heat the drying target object while the plurality of guide rollers guides the drying target object. A printer includes a liquid application device configured to apply liquid to a drying target object, and the drying device.

Abstract: A substrate-treatment installation includes a vacuum chamber, a substrate treatment device within the vacuum chamber, a substrate transport device within the vacuum chamber for guiding a substrate along a longitudinal direction in a substrate transport plane past the substrate treatment device, and a device for controlling substrate temperature. The substrate temperature controlling device includes a heat-absorbing cooler on one side of the substrate transport plane and an insulation member selectively displaceable between at least two different positions to vary extent of thermal shielding of the heat-absorbing cooler relative to the substrate transport plane by the insulation member.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a heat roller and a heater. The heat roller extends in an axial direction and includes a cylindrical-shaped roller section and a coil, the roller section having an inner peripheral surface defining an internal space therewithin and the coil being wound along the inner peripheral surface, the heat roller being configured of a plurality of zones in the axial direction, the plurality of zones including a low zone whose heat capacity is less than a predetermined value and a high zone whose heat capacity is not less than the predetermined value. The heater is disposed within the internal space of the roller section and has a heating wire configured to generate heat, the heating wire having at least a first portion which is in confrontation with the high zone and a second portion which is in confrontation with the low zone, and the heating wire being configured such that the first portion has an amount of heat generation greater than an amount of heat generation at the second portion.

Abstract: A belt-roll fuser system includes a belt-roll fuser module that is movable to engage and disengage to a main frame of the belt-roll fuser system. The belt-roll fuser has an internal pressure member that defines a fusing nip with an external pressure member of the main frame when the belt-roll fuser module is engaged. The belt-roll fuser module is movable by a latch, and when engaged, a nip load path crosses through a point at which the latch attaches to the belt-roll fuser module.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive adhesive label manufacturing device has a thermal head for heating and thermally activating the heat-sensitive adhesive layer of a heat-sensitive adhesive sheet, and a platen roller for conveying the heat-sensitive adhesive sheet between the platen roller and the thermal head to transport the heat-sensitive adhesive sheet in a transport direction. At least one discharge roller is disposed on a downstream side of the thermal activation section and is configured to undergo rotation at a peripheral speed different from a peripheral speed of the platen roller to convey the heat-sensitive adhesive sheet in the transport direction. A guide member is disposed opposite and spaced apart from the at least one discharge roller to provide a space therebetween along which the heat-sensitive adhesive sheet is conveyed by the at least one discharge roller without being sandwiched between the at least one discharge roller and the guide member.

Abstract: Provided is a pyrolysis furnace having a gas flowing path controller with an improved structure. The pyrolysis furnace includes: a silicon substrate; a main body of the pyrolysis furnace; a heating unit that is formed around the main body and controls the temperature of the main body; at least one gas supplying tube through which a gas flows into the main body; and a gas flowing path controller that is installed inside the main body and controls the flow of the gas. As a result, controlling and manufacturing of small-sized nanoparticles with excellent characteristics is possible.

Abstract: A heat roller having a cylindrical sheet-like heating element having a resistance member embedded in an insulating member. The sheet-like heating element is arranged between an inner tube and an outer tube. The outer tube is formed so as to be longer than the inner tube for reducing non-uniformity in heat of the heat roller. Further, a thermal expansion coefficient of a material of the outer tube is greater than that of a material of the inner tube. Moreover, a triple-tube heat roller is provided.

Abstract: Provided is a printing device comprising a hot roller having an inside surface and an outside surface. A heating element is present within the hot roller. The inside surface has a first region, wherein the first region is coated with a first type of material. The inside surface has a second region, wherein the second region is coated with the first type of material, and wherein second region is of a different dimension than the first region. The inside surface has a third region, wherein the third region is coated with a second type of material.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus and an image formation apparatus are disclosed. The fixing apparatus includes two or more heaters with temperature detecting function that generate heat with electric current and detect temperature; a heating unit that includes the heater with the temperature detecting function; a film, a surface of which slides on the heating unit; a thermal fixing unit that is heated by the heating unit through the film for fusing a toner image that is yet-to-be fixed on a recording paper at a predetermined fixing temperature; a pressurization roller for pressing the recording paper to the thermal fixing unit; and a temperature control unit for controlling the temperature of the heater to be a predetermined temperature based on the temperature of the heater detected by the heater with the temperature detecting function.

Abstract: A base sheet is spanned over a lower roller, and an upper roller pulls a cover sheet along a path and presses it against the base sheet at the lower roller. A preheater housing along the path upstream of the rollers is formed with a chamber open toward the path. A radiant heater in the chamber is directed transversely at the path so as to heat the cover sheet passing along the path. A sensor along the path adjacent the chamber detects atmosphere around the chamber and generates an output when the detected atmosphere indicates an unsafe hot condition of the cover sheet. A shutter can shift between a retracted position offset from the chamber and an advanced position closing the chamber. A controller connected to the sensor shifts the shutter from the retracted position to the advanced position when the output is generated by the sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus for subjecting a rare earth alloy block to a hydrogenation process includes a casing, gas inlet and outlet ports, a member arranged to produce a gaseous flow, and a windbreak plate. The casing defines an inner space for receiving a container. The container includes an upper opening and stores the rare earth alloy block therein. A hydrogen gas and an inert gas are introduced into the inner space through the gas inlet port, and are exhausted from the inner space through the gas outlet port. The gaseous flow is produced by a fan, for example, in the inner space. The windbreak plate is disposed upstream with respect to the gaseous flow that has been produced inside the inner space. Also, the windbreak plate reduces a flow rate of the gaseous flow that has been produced near the upper opening of the container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for zone controlling the temperature of a rotating roll. The apparatus includes a roll having a surface at a first temperature and a belt disposed adjacent at least a portion of the roll. The belt contacts the roll surface in a contact region and has a second temperature that is different from the first temperature of the roll such that the belt affects a temperature change in at least a portion of the surface of the roll in the contact region as the roll is rotated.

Abstract: A roller for use in a fuser assembly of a reproduction apparatus adapted to operate at an elevated temperature up to in the range of approximately 750° F. The roller includes a generally elongated substantially cylindrical tube. End gudgeons are provided for sealing the ends of the cylindrical tube. Each of the end gudgeons is respectively associated with an end of the cylindrical tube such that after a weld joint is formed between the cylindrical tube and the end gudgeon, the end gudgeon provides a compression joint to prevent the cylindrical tube from separating from the end gudgeon, due to material creep, at elevated operating temperatures.

Abstract: For fusing toner images to receiver members, a fusing station is disclosed including an externally heated deformable fuser roller, and a relatively harder pressure roller. The fuser roller includes a core member, a base cushion layer around the core member, a heat storage layer around the base cushion layer, and a thin gloss control layer around the heat storage layer, which fuser roller has an improved fusing efficiency. A ratio of thermal conductivity of the heat storage layer divided by thermal conductivity of the base cushion layer is preferably in a range of approximately between 1.5-7.

Abstract: A heated roll and a method for heating of a roll, in particular of a press roll or calender roll in a paper or board machine. The roll has a hollow, tubular roll mantle. The roll is heated with electric current by means of electrical resistors fitted inside the body material of roll mantle. The heating is preferably applied to the roll substantially at the proximity of the face of the roll mantle, and the electric current may be supplied to the electrical resistors from the ends of the roll through glide rings.

Abstract: A roller for use in a fuser assembly of a reproduction apparatus adapted to operate at an elevated temperature up to in the range of approximately 750° F. The roller includes a generally elongated substantially cylindrical tube. End gudgeons are provided for sealing the ends of the cylindrical tube. Each of the end gudgeons is respectively associated with an end of the cylindrical tube such that after a weld joint is formed between the cylindrical tube and the end gudgeon, the end gudgeon provides a compression joint to prevent the cylindrical tube from separating from the end gudgeon, due to material creep, at elevated operating temperatures.

Abstract: A water-coolable furnace roller for conveying goods to be transported through a roller hearth heating furnace has a shaft supported external to the furnace and driven in rotation. The shaft has an outer contact surface. Support rings having a receiving bore, respectively, are arranged with the receiving bore on the shaft, wherein the support rings form a conveying plane. The receiving bore has an inner contact surface, and at least one of the inner and the outer contact surfaces has a shape of a polygon contour of substantially constant diameter with fitting surfaces defining an orbiform curve.

Abstract: A fuser system member for use in an electrophotographic apparatus for fusing toner images to a copy substrate, the fuser member having a substrate, a heat generating layer provided thereon comprising a fluorinated carbon filled fluoroelastomer, and an outer toner release layer provided on the heat generating layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a technique which enables good electric contact to be surely made between a heat roller and conducting terminals serving as feed means. The heat roller comprises a heating portion and shaft portions which are integrally molded from the same material in the form of a molded member at least both end portions of which are hollow. The conducting terminals are capable of elastically expanding and contracting in the radial direction and are closely fitted into the hollow portions at both ends of the molded member.

Abstract: A heat pipe roller includes a rotatable outer tube having a primary internal chamber for containing a fluid, a heater operable to heat the fluid and hence the tube, and a sensor. The sensor has a movable member which communicates with the primary chamber and is mounted on the tube for rotation therewith, and a fixed member situated in the region of the axis of rotation of the tube and so mounted relative to the tube that rotation of the tube does not rotate the fixed member. The fixed member is adapted to be connected to equipment for measuring an electrical characteristic of the sensor. The arrangement is such that, in use, the movable member moves in response to a temperature change or temperature related physical change in the primary chamber, thereby causing a corresponding change in the electrical characteristic of the sensor.

Abstract: In a reproduction machine wherein thermoplastic marking particles are permanently fixed to a receiver member by application of heat in a fusing assembly as the receiver member is transported along a travel path, an improved device for cooling the receiver member. The improved cooling device comprises a thermally conductive guide plate located in juxtaposition with the receiver member travel path downstream, in the direction of receiver member travel, of the fusing assembly. A plurality of heat transfer fins extend from the guide plate on the opposite side thereof from the travel path. The heat transfer fins are oriented in a direction parallel to the direction of travel of a receiver member along the travel path. Cooling air is directed over the heat transfer fins to dissipate heat from a receiver member moving along the travel path.

Abstract: A heat roll fixing unit for fusing a toner image on a recording sheet in an image recording device is provided with a heat roller and a backup roller arranged oppositely to the heat roller. The recording sheet bearing a toner image is fed between the backup roller and the heat roller. At least one of the heat roller and the backup roller has a plurality of slits at an end thereof and a gear member having a plurality of protrusions on the inner periphery thereof is provided. The protrusions are fitted in the slits, respectively, and driving means for driving the gear member to rotate the rollers is also provided.

Abstract: A temperature measuring arrangement for a revolving roll which includes a contactless temperature sensor by means of which the temperature of an annular peripheral zone of the roll situated outside the operating zone of the roll is measured contactlessly. Upon detection of a deviation from a given temperature or given time response of the temperature, a contact temperature sensor which is active only briefly is, by means of a control unit, brought into abutment, using a movement drive, at a point inside the operating zone of the roll.

Abstract: A drier drum, in particular for papermaking machines, for textile machines and the like, comprises a drum cylinder, end flanges carrying the drum cylinder, a drive system mechanically coupled to at least one of the flanges to rotate it and heating means. The drum comprises a fixed refractory material cylindrical sleeve covered with a heat reflecting coating disposed coaxially inside the drum cylinder and heating means comprising main electrical heating elements of elongate shape adapted to be energized continuously during functioning thereof and profile correcting electrical heating elements of elongate shape adapted to be energized selectively. At least some of the main heating elements are longer than any of the profile correcting heating elements. The electrical heating elements are carried by the cylindrical sleeve.

Abstract: An improved full color electrophotographic print engine using flexible belts to carry a photosensitive electrostatic image developer and a transfer belt for building up composite developed images. Each belt, and an optical scanner, are driven by mechanically independent motors which are synchronized by an electronic digital controller implementing precise servos. The use of the flexible belts allows the machine to be relatively inexpensive, very small compared to previous full color print engines, and yet maintain precise registration of color composite images. An improved fuser mechanism with increased dwell time at constant machine speed is also shown. The fuser includes a pair of spaced-apart rollers, both of which urge a sheet of image receptor against the heated roller over a predetermined angular portion of the roller. The machine is specifically designed to be used interchangeably with an optical bench source as a copier or with a laser bench as a laser printer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a toner thermal fixing roller comprised of the following; a heating unit internally provided with a heating source: a roller pressed against said heating roller; and several member parts preventing reflective heat from heating the heating source, while these member parts are provided inside the bearing parts which are set to both ends of the heating source, the bearing parts being set to both ends of the heating roller and installed inside the hollow portion of the heating roller.

Abstract: A heat and pressure roll fusing apparatus for fixing toner images to copy substrates, the toner comprising a thermoplastic resin. The apparatus includes an internally heated fuser roll cooperating with an unheated bare metal backup or pressure roll to form a nip through which the copy substrates pass with the images contacting the heated roll. The heated fuser roll is characterized by a comformable outer layer or surface which by way of example is fabricated from a silicone rubber or "Viton" material to which a low viscosity polymeric release fluid is applied. Release fluid is contained in a sump and the pressure roll is partially immersed in the fluid. Thus, the release fluid is applied to the surface of the internally heated fuser roll via the bare metal pressure roll. The roll structures are such as to provide maximum area of contact in the nip, while minimizing the area of contact between the pressure roll and the copy substrates.

Abstract: An electrophotographic hot roll fuser is manually movable from an operative position within an electrophotographic reproduction device, to an inoperative position where the fuser is available for cleaning, inspection or sheet jam clearance. When the fuser is in its inoperative position, a manually operable handle is accessible for operation. Operation of this handle moves various operating components, such as sheet guides, apart, thereby facilitating manual sheet jam clearance. Subsequently, when the handle is manually returned to its original position, all sheet guides and like components are accurately relocated to their original operative positions.

Abstract: A heater drum has an outer cylindrical wall centered on and rotatable about an axis, an inner cylindrical wall fixed concentrically within the outer wall and defining therewith an annular chamber, and a body of a heat-transmitting fluid in the chamber in heat-transmitting contact with both walls. A core body fixed nonrotatably about the axis inside the inner wall is heated to a high treatment temperature. This heat is transmitted radially from the core body to the inner wall. The walls are rotated jointly about the axis relative to the core body to distribute the heat of the inner wall via the fluid body to the outer wall. The chamber is at subatmospheric pressure and the fluid is partly vaporized and partly liquid at the high treatment temperature. The core body is of part-cylindrical section generally centered on the axis and has an outer surface spaced slightly radially inward of the inner wall.

Abstract: A drying cylinder (A) is mounted for rotation about its central axis (44). A burner assembly (B) oxidizes fuel interior to the shell, generally along the central axis. A recirculating fan (C) urges the hot combustion gases from the burner into a nozzle box assembly (D). The nozzle box assembly includes a plurality of peripherally spaced, longitudinally extending boxes (80) which have an array of nozzles (82) therein. The nozzles direct jets of hot combustion gases against an interior surface of a cylindrical dryer shell (30) for transferring heat thereto. Hot combustion gases which have impinged upon the shell are recirculated through passages (84) and are in part reheated by the burner and in part discharged through an exhaust aperture (90) and an exhaust duct (92). In one embodiment, the direct fired dryer is mounted in one of the dryer sections of a Fourdrinier paper production line.

Abstract: A dryer for paper and similar fibrous web materials including a dryer roll having an outer cylindrically-shaped wall, a radiant heat source within the dryer roll adapted to heat the wall substantially uniformly about the entire periphery thereof, and nip-forming means forming a pressure nip with the dryer roll.

Abstract: A rotary cylindrical drum used in a commercial laundry flatwork finisher, having a jacket type construction so as to provide an annular fluid cavity for uniformly heating the exposed surface of the drum. The flatwork finisher includes fluid circulating system providing a temperature sensing probe exteriorly of the drum for measuring and regulating the temperature of the circulated fuel by controlling the operation of a heating element associated therewith.

Abstract: A fusing assembly for use in an electrostatographic imaging apparatus includes a release agent donor member having a conformable donor surface comprising the crosslinked product of at least one addition curable vinyl terminated or vinyl pendant polyorganosiloxane having the formula: ##STR1## where A,B and R are methyl or vinyl provided the vinyl functionality is at least 2, 0<s/r.ltoreq.1,350<r+2<2700, a polyfunctional silicone hydride crosslinking agent, a crosslinking catalyst and finely divided filler. In a preferred embodiment the conformable donor surface comprises a rotatable cylindrical roll with a high coefficient of friction which is rotatably driven by frictional contact with a positively driven fuser roll. The release agent may be supplied from a sump by a release agent metering roll.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for the continuous production of metal-clad laminates, in particular, for the manufacture of electric printed circuit boards, consisting of an electrically insulating core layer and a metal foil covering one or both surfaces of this layer, wherein the metal foil unwound from a supply roll and pre-heated is bonded in a dual-belt press under the influence of pressure and heat to the core layer. In order to obtain an immaculate laminate surface, provision is made for the metal foil to be pre-heated while it is still wound on the supply roll. The source of the pre-heating of the metal foil is a heatable core of the supply roll, the pre-heated metal foil on entering the dual-belt press is pressed against the press belt of the press, and the metal foil supply roll and the region of the foil which is pressed against the press belt are arranged in a common clean air area.

Abstract: A fixing roller for a fixing unit for a copying machine has a heater disposed within an aluminum cylinder. A pair of stainless steel, U-shaped plates, which have holes cut in their bottoms, are fitted into opposite end portions of the cylinder to hold the heater and to utilize the heat generated thereby. A pair of bearings, which have outer races made of heat-resistant resin, are fitted into the opposite end portions of the cylinder under pressure to support the cylinder so that the outer races and the cylinder turn as one unit.

Abstract: The cylinder for guiding a web of textile material comprises at least one hollow space which is partly filled with a liquid heat carrier and can be evacuated. The pressure increase in the hollow space if the temperature is increased is to be limited to values below a multiple of calculated safety even though heat carriers with a steeply rising vapor pressure curve such as water are used. The solution consists in that only a quantity of heat carrier which can be evaporated completely in the volume of the hollow space already before a predetermined vapor pressure is reached, is contained in the hollow space.

Abstract: In a method for the formation of images such as an electrophotographic method in which toners are used, when a heat roller is used for fixing toner images, the durability and the heat efficiency of the heat roller is improved reducing the wall thickness of the cylindrical metal of the heat roller, shortening the warming-up time, using a material having a substantial Young's modulus, and by shortening the outer diameter of the cylindrical metal, respectively.With respect to toners specifically used for the above, stains on an image carrier are prevented by making use of a binder that is fused at a heating temperature of the heat-fixing roller and is increased in the elasticity of the toner at the same temperature or higher. Such binders may be obtained by copolymerizing a polyhydric alcohol and/or a polyhydric amine, and a polyhydric carboxylic acid.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention an apparatus and method are provided for curing resin-coated particles on a heated rotating surface. A single layer coating of uncured resin-coated particles is fed to the heated rotating surface. As the surface continues to rotate the uncured resin-coated particles become tacky and adhere to the rotating surface. The tack adhesion prevents the pull of gravity from separating the particles from the surface as rotation continues. Proper curing of the particles occurs on the heated rotating surface before one complete revolution is made by the surface. Cured particles are removed by a stationary scraper blade edge which rides the rotating surface and wedges between the adhering particles and the surface as the surface rotates past the edge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fixing apparatus for use in electrophotographic copying machine or other image forming apparatus such as data recorder. More particularly, the present invention relates to a fixing apparatus of the type in which a toner image bearing member is pressed by a nip pressure between a pair of rotary members so as to fix the toner image onto the bearing member. The fixing apparatus of the present invention is characterized by the provision of limiting device for restraining the inter-axis distance between the two rotary members from increasing more than a predetermined value.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a heat roller fixing device for use in an electrophotographic copying apparatus and the like, which includes a heating roller constituted by laminating an offset prevention layer on an electrically conductive core member and having a heating element incorporated in it so as to be driven for rotation by a driving unit, and a pressure roller constituted by forming an electrically insulative layer on another electrically conductive core member and held in contact under pressure with the heating roller for simultaneous rotation with the heating roller, so as to fix toner image formed on copy paper onto the copy paper by causing the copy paper carrying the toner image on it, to pass between the heating roller and pressure roller. The offset prevention layer is composed of fluorine resin containing carbon fibers in a combined amount of less than 30%.

Abstract: The fixing means for an electrostatic recording apparatus comprises a pair of revolving rollers in pressure contact with one another, of which at least one roller may be a heating roller, and in which each roller is a deformable thin cylinder supported for rotation at its ends by a resilient deformable end piece. The two revolving rollers are urged against one another by a pair of aligned pressure rollers extending along substantially the entire length of the revolving rollers and between them exerting a pressure against said revolving rollers in a direction perpendicular to the axes thereof. The result is to provide between the two revolving rollers a constant elastically deformable and restorable nip across the entire length of said revolving rollers. Because of this construction and the close contact between the rollers, their surface temperature can be quickly raised, a uniform nipping width is maintained, and no permanent roller deformation results.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus including an image forming station for causing an image bearing member to bear an unfixed image, a fixing station for fixing the unfixed image on the image bearing member, a transport member for transporting the image bearing member from the image forming station to the fixing station, and support device for supporting the transport member; wherein the transport member is provided with a second resistivity in the part thereof which is in contact with the image bearing member and with a first resistivity in other part thereof, the first and second resistivities being so selected as not to disturb the unfixed image on the image bearing member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermal pressure fixing device for a copier, comprising a pressure roll and a fixing roll for heating and pressing an image-receiving material carrying a toner image, whereby during the passage of the image-receiving material between the rolls the latter are in pressure contact with each other, whereas during a standstill of the copier or in the case of a copier malfunction, the pressure of the rolls is discontinued. There are provided a device for lifting the pressure roll toward the fixing roll and for separating the two rolls, and a clutch and brake mechanism interacting with this device. Resilient elements adapt the center distance between the pressure roll and the fixing roll to the changes occurring in diameter of these rolls, in such a way that the preset roll pressure between the rolls remains constant.

Abstract: Roll fuser apparatus and a release agent management system therefor. The fuser comprises a pair of pressure engageable rolls one of which is heated and has a relatively thick silicone rubber outer layer. The fuser is adapted to accommodate various size copy sheets resulting in a number of areas of the silicone rubber undergoing physical changes due to the effects of sheet edge contact therewith. The release agent management system is designed to minimize the adverse effects caused by the sheet edges contacting the silicone rubber outer layer. To this end the system which serves to dispense silicone oil onto the surface of the silicone rubber is provided with a plurality of apertures which are strategically located such that a quantity of the oil is introduced into the silicone rubber in these areas of sheet edge contact whereby the adverse effects noted are counteracted.

Abstract: A fixing and heating device for an electrostatic copying apparatus includes a fixing roller which (a) remains stationary at least until a toner is softened, (b) is driven at a low speed to even the surface temperature of the fixing roller when the surface temperature is lower than a temperature suitable for fixing and when the surface temperature is equal to the temperature suitable for fixing except during a fixng operation, and (c) is driven at a speed suitable for fixing when the surface temperature is suitable for fixing during the fixing operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting gel-like substances from a gel state to a sol state in which the melting speed can be accurately controlled over a wide range and the apparatus can be easily cleaned. A grid-type heater constructed of rotatable parallel heating pipes is disposed at the bottom of a melting tank. Rotation of the pipes which simultaneously heating them imparts flowability to a heat transfer boundary formed on the side of the gel-like substance. The melting speed is controlled by controlling the speed of rotation of the pipes.

Abstract: A fixing device for an electrophotographic copying machine which includes a pair of rollers forming a nip therebetween through which the copy paper passes and an applicator which is capable of feeding a sufficient quantity of offset-preventing liquid only to the portion of the rollers where the leading end of the copy paper, will contact with the supply of offset-printing liquid to the remaining portion of the rollers being minimized to a quantity necessary for the preventing of offset. The consumption of offset-preventing liquid is reduced and the swelling of the silicone rubber coatings on the rollers, when used, is inhibited.

Abstract: A fuser member and method of fusing or fixing thermoplastic resin powder images to a substrate in a fuser assembly of the type wherein a polymeric release agent having functional groups is applied to the surface of the fuser member is disclosed. The fuser member comprises a base member having an elastomer surface with metal-containing filler therein. Metal containing fillers include metals, metal alloys, metal oxides and metal salts. Exemplary of such a fuser member is an aluminum base member coated with poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) copolymer having lead oxide filler dispersed therein and utilizing mercapto-functional polyorganosiloxane as a release agent.

Abstract: A fuser member and method of fusing or fixing thermoplastic resin powder images to a substrate in a fuser assembly of the type wherein a polymeric release agent having functional groups is applied to the surface of the fuser member is disclosed. The fuser member comprises a base member having an elastomer surface with metal-containing filler therein, said elastomer being cured with a nucleophilic addition curing agent.

Abstract: A rotatable heat exchange drum is provided. This drum can be used for heating and/or cooling an elongated material. The drum includes an outer cylinder having an inner surface, and an inner cylinder within the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder having an outer surface annularly spaced from the inner surface of the outer cylinder so as to form an annular gap. The outer surface of the inner cylinder and/or the inner surface of the outer cylinder are/is provided with at least one channel extending therein, and being in communication with the annular gap between the inner and outer cylinders. The channel serves to provide a pathway over which heat exchange fluid is swirled in order to thereby prevent the formation of stagnant boundary or "confine" layers within the annular gap.